SE202980C1

SE202980C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE202980C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: F H Tennis Prioritet begtird part den 16 maj 1963 (USA) Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig gene-relit till tryckfluidumdrivna system och sarskill till farbattring av styrventilerna for sadana system. Inventor: F H Tennis Priority Begtird Part of May 16, 1963 (USA) The present invention relates generally to pressure fluid driven systems and in particular to the improvement of the control valves for such systems.

Tidigare ha tryckfluidumdrivna motorer, a.ven hydrauliska cylindrar, styrts med regleringsvetiler, vilka vanligen omfatta en ventilslid, som ar fOrskjutbar i en urborrning i ventilhuset frail ett neutral- eller hall-lage till ett eller flera arbetsldgen for att reglera 110det av tryckfluidum till ooh Iran motorn. Typiska regleringsventiler av denna typ beskrivas i den amerikanska patentskriften 2 873 762. In the past, pressure fluid driven motors, including hydraulic cylinders, have been controlled by control valves, which usually comprise a valve slide which is displaceable in a bore in the valve housing from a neutral or hall bearing to one or more working coils to control the pressure fluid to ooh. Iran engine. Typical control valves of this type are described in U.S. Pat. No. 2,873,762.

Det är valiant, att dessa regleringsventilers storlek star i direkt forhallande till ventilens markkapacitet. En regleringsventil, som kan slappa fram stora mangder fluidum per tidsenhet, maste salunda eras avsevart sterre an en ventil med mindre kapacitet. It is a matter of fact that the size of these control valves is directly related to the valve's ground capacity. A control valve, which can release large amounts of fluid per unit time, must therefore be considerably larger than a valve with a smaller capacity.

Avsevarda svarigheter ha forekommit tidigare vid storre regleringsventiler med hog markkapacitet. I sadana storre regleringsventiler har man mast iakttaga utomordentligt snava toleranser yid framstallningen ay de rorliga delarna for att Ora ventilmekanismen sa lackningssaker som mojligt. PA grund harav och med hansyn till ventilhusets benNgenhet att deformeras nagot under inverkan ay Mgt tryck i dess inre kanaler, ha ventilernas slider haft en utpraglad benagenhet att fastna, sit att det liar blivit utomordentligt svart att flirstalla dem frau ett arbetslage till ett annat. Significant similarities have occurred previously with larger control valves with high ground capacity. In such larger control valves, extremely tight tolerances have to be observed in the manufacture of the movable parts in order for the valve mechanism to have as many painting things as possible. Due to the tendency of the valve body to deform slightly under the influence of high pressure in its inner channels, the valves of the valves have had a pronounced tendency to get stuck, so that it has become extremely black to move them from one working class to another.

Risk har vidare alltid forelegat for att sliderna och/eller husen till sadana ventiler mid forstallning kunna deformeras nagot, sit att det ar nastan omojligt att forstalla sliderna Iran ett lage till ett annat. Furthermore, there has always been a risk that the slides and / or the housings of such valves may be deformed somewhat during installation, since it is almost impossible to transfer the slides from one layer to another.

Huvudandamalet med fOreliggande uppfinning ar dad& att astadkomma en regleringsventil, som kan installas fingertoppslatt och exakt styra en tryckfluidummotor oberoende av ventilmekanismens markkapacitet. Det ar narmare bestamt ett andamal med uppfinningen att astadkomma - en regleringsventil, som ken reglera stora mangder tryckfluidum med hogt tryck utan att man darfor behOver iaktta ovanligt snava toleranser betraffande ventilens arbetande delar, varjamte enkla och billiga packningar av 0-ringtyp kunna anvandas runt de rorliga delarna i vissa av ventilens komponenter under sdkert forhindran de ay utlackning fran dessa, som dessutom kunna framstallas av lattmetall, sasom aluminium. linnu narmare bestamt ar ett andamal med uppfinningen att astadkomma en regleringsventil for tryckfluidumdrivna anlaggningar, vilken ventil kan reglera stora volymer h6gtrycksfluiduin till och frau en tryckfluidumdriven motor fran en kompakt och lattinstalld styrventil, varjamte det aven blir mojligt att exakt reglera den hastighet, med vilken motor. arbetar. Ett annat andamal med uppfinningen ar att astadkomma en regleringsventil ay den angivna typen, som omfattar en fordelarventil for fluidet, vilken kan utforas som en frau styrventilenheten skild komponent och salunda placeras pa den tryckfluidumdrivna motorn fjarrstyrd Iran huvudregleringsenheten. Ett ytterligare andamal med uppfinningen dr att astadkomma en styrventil av den angivna typen, dar ventilens markkapacitet bestammes av fordelarventilens storlek, sit att samma lilla och muinstallda styrventil kan anvandas tillsammans med fordelarventiler med vida varierande kapaciteter. The main object of the present invention is to provide a control valve which can be installed fingertip and precisely control a pressure fluid motor independent of the ground capacity of the valve mechanism. It is more precisely an object of the invention to provide - a control valve which can regulate large amounts of pressure fluid with high pressure without having to observe unusually tight tolerances concerning the working parts of the valve, and simple and inexpensive 0-ring type gaskets can be used around the the movable parts of some of the components of the valve under certain prevention they ay leaching from these, which can also be made of light metal, such as aluminum. More particularly, another object of the invention is to provide a control valve for pressurized fluid driven systems, which valve can control large volumes of high pressure fluid to and from a pressurized fluid driven motor from a compact and easily installed control valve. . working. Another object of the invention is to provide a control valve of the type indicated, which comprises a distributor valve for the fluid, which can be designed as a separate component from the control valve unit and thus placed on the pressure fluid driven motor remote controlled Iran main control unit. A further object of the invention is to provide a control valve of the specified type, where the ground capacity of the valve is determined by the size of the distributor valve, so that the same small and installed control valve can be used together with distributor valves with widely varying capacities.

Dupl. kl. 60: 2 Sasom kommer att framga av det fOljande ligger foreliggande uppfinning i en ny konstruktion, kombination och anordning av delar i huvudsak sasom beskrives i det foljande, varvid det emellertid är uppenbart, att vissa modifikationer kunna genomforas betrdifande de beskrivna utforingsformerna, utan att ddrfor uppfinningens ram overskrides. Dupl. at 60: 2 As will be apparent from the following, the present invention lies in a new construction, combination and arrangement of parts essentially as described below, however, it is obvious that certain modifications may be made in respect of the described embodiments, without departing from the spirit of the invention. the scope of the invention is exceeded.

Uppfinningen kommer i det foljande att beskrivas narmare med hdnvisning till bifogade ritningar, vilka som exempel visa nagra fOr ndrvarande foredrgna utforingsformer. Fig. 1 visar schematiskt en ventilanordning enligt uppfinningen inbyggd i en tryckfluidumdriven servoanordning omfattande en reversibel tryckfluidumdriven motor. Fig. 2 är ett snitt i stone skala genom styrventilen enligt fig. 1 och visar ventilen i ett annat -lage. Fig. 3 är ett snitt i storre skala genom regleringsventilen enligt fig. 1 och visar denna i ett annat Idge. Fig. 4 dr ett snitt i storre skala genom en fordelarventil, som visas i fig. 1, dock med de rOrliga delarna i ett annat lage. Fig. 5 visar schematiskt en servoanordning enligt uppfinningen avsedd for styrning av en enkelverkande, hydraulisk cylinder. Fig. 6 visar schematiskt en ventilanordning enligt uppfinningen inbyggd i en tryekfluidumdriven servoanordning omfattande tvâ enkelverkande, hydrauliska cylindrar. Fig. 7 visar schematiskt en ventilanordning enligt uppfinningen inbyggd i en tryekfluidurndriven servoanordning omfattande tv'a dubbelverkande, hydrauliska cylindrar. Fig. 8 är ett sniff i storre skala genom en av de fordelarventiler, som inga i anordningen enligt fig. 7. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show, by way of example, some presently preferred embodiments. Fig. 1 schematically shows a valve device according to the invention built into a pressure fluid driven servo device comprising a reversible pressure fluid driven motor. Fig. 2 is a section on a stone scale through the control valve according to Fig. 1 and shows the valve in another position. Fig. 3 is a section on a larger scale through the control valve according to Fig. 1 and shows this in another Idge. Fig. 4 is a section on a larger scale through a distributor valve, shown in Fig. 1, but with the moving parts in another layer. Fig. 5 schematically shows a servo device according to the invention intended for controlling a single-acting, hydraulic cylinder. Fig. 6 schematically shows a valve device according to the invention built into a pressure fluid driven servo device comprising two single-acting hydraulic cylinders. Fig. 7 schematically shows a valve device according to the invention built into a pressure fluid-driven servo device comprising two double-acting hydraulic cylinders. Fig. 8 is an enlarged sniff through one of the manifold valves, none of which are in the device of Fig. 7.

Anordningen enligt fig. 1 omfattar en dubbelverkande, hydraulisk cylinder 10 eller lid, gon annan reversibel, tryckfluidumdriven motor, vilken visas inghende i en tryckfluidumdriven servoanordning, som omfattar en pump 11, en behallare 12, som innehaller olja och frau vilken pumpen matas, samt en ventilanordning enligt uppfinningen, vilken ginerelit beteelmas med 13, for att selektivt fOrbinda endera av motorns portar 14 och 15 med pumpen och den andra med behallaren. Pumpens sugsida är fOrbunden med behallaren genom en ledning 16. The device according to Fig. 1 comprises a double-acting, hydraulic cylinder 10 or lid, another reversible, pressure fluid driven motor, which is not included in a pressure fluid driven servo device, which comprises a pump 11, a container 12, which contains oil and from which the pump is fed, and a valve device according to the invention, which ginerelite is provided with 13, for selectively connecting one of the ports 14 and 15 of the engine to the pump and the other to the container. The suction side of the pump is connected to the tank through a line 16.

Ventilanordningen 13 omfattar Ire huvuddelar, narriligen en omkopplings- eller fOrdelarventil 18, som bestammer flodesriktningen och genom vilken oljan fran pumpen ledes till motorn 10, medan den olja, som avgar fran denna, ledes till behallaren, en kombinerad reglerings- och forbikopplingsventil 19, som kan reglera den mangd olja, som frail pumpen ledes till motorn genom fordelarvenstilen 18, och en styrventil 20, som styr omkopplingsventilen 18 och regleringsventilen 19. The valve device 13 comprises two main parts, in particular a switching or distributing valve 18, which determines the direction of the flow and through which the oil from the pump is led to the motor 10, while the oil emitting therefrom is led to the tank, a combined control and bypass valve 19, which can control the amount of oil that the frail pump is led to the engine through the distributor valve 18, and a control valve 20, which controls the switch valve 18 and the control valve 19.

Styrventilen 20, som kan installas manuellt eller automatiskt, samverkar med de hagge andra ventilerna 18 och 19, sa att man mannellt kan installa bade rorelseriktningen och hastigheten for kolven 22 i den hydrauliska cylindem 10 och salunda reglera utskjutningen och/eller indragningen av dess kolvstang 28 och motsvarande rerelse for den last, som kan vara forbunden med kolvstangen. The control valve 20, which can be installed manually or automatically, cooperates with the other valves 18 and 19, so that one can manually adjust both the direction of movement and the speed of the piston 22 in the hydraulic cylinder 10 and thus control the ejection and / or retraction of its piston rod 28. and corresponding movement of the load which may be connected to the piston rod.

Pumpens utlopp 26 star standigt i fOrbindelse med en huvudledning 27, som iir fiirbunden Tried ett halm} 28 i fordelarventilens 18 hus 29 och aven med en inloppskammare 30 i regleringsventilens 19 hus 31. Denna inloppskammare 30 star standigt i forbindelse med styrventilens 20 inlopp pa ett salt, som skall beskrivas i det foljande. Kammaren kan Even sattas i forbindelse med behallaren vid vissa tillfällen genom en forbikopplingsledning 32, som i ena linden är forbunden med en ledning 33 till behallaren och i andra On-den till kammaren 30 genom ett ringformigt, uppatvdnt ventilsdte 34 utformat i ventilens 19 hus koaxiellt med inloppskammaren 30. The outlet 26 of the pump is permanently connected to a main line 27, which is connected to a wire 28 in the housing 29 of the distributor valve 18 and also to an inlet chamber 30 in the housing 31 of the control valve 19. This inlet chamber 30 is permanently connected to the inlet of the control valve 20 on a salt, to be described in the following. The chamber can even be connected to the container at certain times through a bypass line 32, which in one linden is connected to a line 33 to the container and in the other end to the chamber 30 through an annular, upwardly directed valve portion 34 formed in the housing 19 of the valve 19 coaxially. with the inlet chamber 30.

Inloppskammaren 30 och den ddrmed forbundna ledningen 32 bilda en forbikopplingskanal, genom vilken oljan frau pumpen kan aterforas till behallaren under forbikoppling av fordelarledningen 27, forutsatt att satet 34 är oppet. Denna forbikoppling styres av en tryckkanslig ventilliropp 35, som at rorlig fran ett forbikopplingskanalen stangande ldge under anliggning mot stet 34 till olika regleringslagen, som g5ra det mojligt att leda olika mdngder olja forbi huvudledningen 27. The inlet chamber 30 and the conduit 32 connected thereto form a bypass channel, through which the oil from the pump can be returned to the container while bypassing the manifold line 27, provided that the seat 34 is open. This bypass is controlled by a pressure-sensitive valve shaft 35, which moves from a bypass channel closing during abutment against the shaft 34 to the various control layers, which make it possible to direct different amounts of oil past the main line 27.

Fordelar- eller omkopplingsventilens 18 inlopp 28 visas anordnat pa husets 29 Oversida. Huset har pa undersidan ett utlopp 37, som star i forbindelse med behallaren genom en huvudreturledning 38, som Or forhunden med ledningen 33 till behallaren. Tva arbetsportar 40 och 41 Oro anordnade pa husets 29 undersida pa var sin side om utloppet 37. En ledning 42 forbinder arbetsporten 40 med motorporten 14, medan en liknande ledning 43 for-binder arbetsporten 41 med den andra motorporten 15. The inlet 28 of the distributor or switching valve 18 is arranged on the upper side of the housing 29. The housing has on the underside an outlet 37, which communicates with the container through a main return line 38, which is connected to the line 33 to the container. Two working ports 40 and 41 are arranged on the underside of the housing 29 on each side of the outlet 37. A line 42 connects the working port 40 to the motor port 14, while a similar line 43 connects the working port 41 to the other motor port 15.

FOrdelarventilens inlopp 28 kan salunda selektivt forbindas med endera arbetsporten 40 och 41 for att leda tryckolja till den hydrauliska cylinderns 10 ena eller andra bide, varjamte utloppet 37 kan fOrbindas selektivt med endera arbetsporten, sa att den olja, som avgar frail den hydrauliska cylinderns ena eller andra ande, kan ledas till behallaren. The inlet valve inlet 28 can thus be selectively connected to either the working port 40 and 41 to direct pressure oil to one or the other side of the hydraulic cylinder 10, and the outlet 37 can be selectively connected to either working port so that the oil emitting from the hydraulic cylinder or second spirit, can be led to the container.

For detta dndamal omfattar fordelarventilen 18 tva motstaende ventilkroppar 45 och 46, som reglera forbindelsen mellan inloppet 28 och arbetsportarna 40 och 41. Fordelarventilen har vidare tvâ motstandare utlopps- 3 ventilkroppar 47 och 48, som reglera forbindelsen mellan utloppet 37 och arbetsportarna 40 och 41. For this purpose, the distributor valve 18 comprises two opposite valve bodies 45 and 46, which regulate the connection between the inlet 28 and the working ports 40 and 41. The distributor valve further has two opposing outlet valve bodies 47 and 48, which regulate the connection between the outlet 37 and the working ports 40 and 41.

Inloppsventilkropparna 45 och 46 aro anordnade vid var sin ande av en kort, central, horisontell, ovre urborrning 50 i huset 29, i vilken urborrnings mitt inloppet 28 mynnar. Ventilkropparna kunna verka mot ringformiga, utatvanda ventilsaten 51 i huset 29 utformade i de zoner, dar urborrningens motstaende andar sta. i forbindelse med kanaler 40' och 41' i huset, vilka kunna bilda forlangningar upptill av motsvarande arbetsportar 40 och 41. The inlet valve bodies 45 and 46 are arranged at their respective ends by a short, central, horizontal, upper bore 50 in the housing 29, in which the middle of the bore 28 inlet opens. The valve bodies can act against annular, extruded valve sets 51 in the housing 29 formed in the zones where the opposing spirits of the bore stand. in connection with channels 40 'and 41' in the housing, which can form demands at the top of corresponding working ports 40 and 41.

Utloppsventilkropparna aro pa samma satt anordnade vid var sin ande av en kort, nedre urborrning 52, som är parallell med den forsta och vars mittdel star i forbindelse med ventilhusets utlopp 37. Utloppsventilkropparna kunna verka mot uta.tvanda, ringformiga ventilsaten 53 i huset, diir urborrningens 52 Andar stâ i forbindelse med de uppatriktade kanalerna 40' och 41'. The outlet valve bodies are similarly arranged at each end of a short, lower bore 52, which is parallel to the first and whose middle part is connected to the outlet of the valve housing 37. The outlet valve bodies can act against the usual, annular valve sets 53 in the housing, diir The spirits of the bore 52 are in communication with the upwardly directed channels 40 'and 41'.

I den beskrivna konstruktionen kunna kanalerna 40' och 41' samt ledningama 42 och 43 anses utgora grenledningar till huvudledningen 27, medan ledningarna 42 och 43 och de nedre andarna av kanalerna 40' och 41' kunna anses utgora grenledningar till returledningen 38. In the described construction, the channels 40 'and 41' and the lines 42 and 43 can be considered as branch lines to the main line 27, while the lines 42 and 43 and the lower spirits of the channels 40 'and 41' can be considered to constitute branch lines to the return line 38.

Ventilkropparna har inre anddelar 55 med liten diameter for aft kunna intrada i motsvarande andar av urborrningarna 50 och 52, dä ventilerna aro stangda, och godsfasta, yttre, riirformiga delar 56 med storre diameter, vilka aro nedsvarvade till en mellandiameter vid 57 intill overgangen till den inre anden med liten diameter. Harigenom bildas en inatriktad ansats 58 pa ventilkropparna for verkan mot ventilsatena 51 och 53, sa att inloppsventilkropparna kunna stanga forbindelsen mellan inloppet 28 och endera kanalen 40' och 41', medan utloppsventilkropparna kunna blockera fOrbindelsen mellan sistnamnda kanaler och utloppet 37. The valve bodies have inner portions 55 of small diameter so as to be able to penetrate into corresponding spirits of the bores 50 and 52, when the valves are closed, and goods-fixed, outer, tubular portions 56 of larger diameter, which are turned to an intermediate diameter at 57 adjacent the transition to the valve. inner duck with small diameter. This forms a misaligned shoulder 58 on the valve bodies for action against the valve sets 51 and 53, so that the inlet valve bodies can close the connection between the inlet 28 and either the channel 40 'and 41', while the outlet valve bodies can block the connection between the latter channels and the outlet 37.

Urborrningar 60, som aro oppna Mat mot kanalerna 40' och 41' samt aro koaxiella med urborrningarna 50 och 52, mottaga glidbart ventilkropparnas rarformiga, yttre anddel 56. Dessa urborrningar 60 aro tillslutna med plat-. tor 61 fasta pa husets 29 motsatta sidor for att bilda tryckkamrar eller cylindrar, i vilka kolvliknande drivdon 62 aro glidbara for att kunna hâlla motsvarande ventilkroppar mot deras saten, dâ kamrarna sattas under tryck. 0-ringar 63 anbragta i periferiska spar runt ventilkropparnas bakre, rarformiga del och deras kolvliknande drivdon anligga glidbart och tatande mot urborrningarnas 60 insida for att hindra lackning av fluidum MIA ventilkropparna och deras drivdon. Bores 60, which are open to the channels 40 'and 41' and are coaxial with the bores 50 and 52, slidably receive the frangular outer portion 56 of the valve bodies. These bores 60 are closed with plates. 61 are fixed on opposite sides of the housing 29 to form pressure chambers or cylinders in which piston-like actuators 62 are slidable to be able to hold corresponding valve bodies against their seat when the chambers are pressurized. O-rings 63 arranged in peripheral grooves around the rear, rim-shaped part of the valve bodies and their piston-like actuators abut slidably and tightly against the inside of the bores 60 to prevent lacquering of fluid MIA valve bodies and their actuators.

Eftersom 0-ringarna tata fordelarventilens rOrliga delar, behover man lake iaktta sã snava toleranser som exempelvis vid vanliga regleringsventiler med en ventilslid, dar dennas tata passning i motsvarande urborrning hindrar lackning av hydraulisk olja forbi slidens land. Denna anvandning av 0-ringar eliminerar vidare praktiskt taget notning av de ytor i urborrningarna, som innehalla ventilkropparna och deras drivdon, sit att ventilhuset lake langre behover framstallas av jam eller stal med god notningsbestandighet och hog vikt. Man kan i stallet anvanda lattmetaller, sasoin aluminium, for forsta &igen i en regleringsventil for hydrauliska anlaggningar, som arbeta vid hiigt tryck. Since the 0-rings touch the movable parts of the distributor valve, it is necessary to observe such tight tolerances as, for example, with ordinary control valves with a valve slide, where its tight fit in the corresponding bore prevents the varnishing of hydraulic oil past the slide side. This use of O-rings further virtually eliminates wear of the surfaces in the bores which contain the valve bodies and their actuators, provided that the valve housing lake longer needs to be made of jam or steel with good wear resistance and high weight. Lattice metals, such as aluminum, can be used in the stable, first and foremost in a control valve for hydraulic systems, which work at high pressure.

Varje kolvliknande drivdon har en reducerad, inre del 65, som dr forskjutbar i motsvarande ventilkropps yttre, rorformiga del 56. En kompressionsfjader 66 anligger mot insidan av ventilkroppens framre del och bottnen i urborrningen i motsvarande, kolvilknande drivdon och forspanner ventilkroppen axiellt fran ,dessa drivdon. Each piston-like drive has a reduced, inner part 65, which is displaceable in the outer, tubular part 56 of the corresponding valve body. A compression spring 66 abuts the inside of the front part of the valve body and the bottom of the bore in the corresponding, piston-like drive and biases the valve body axially from .

I den ovan beskrivna ventilen är det upperi, bart, att ventilkroppen 45 kan oppnas i motsvarighet till oljans tryck i urborrningen 50, da. ventilkroppens tryckkammare 60 är ventilerad, sit att tryckoljan i huvudledningen kan stromma till den nedre motorporten 14 gentan ledningen 42 och kanalen 40' i fordelarventilens hus 29. Da tryckolja ledes till motorporten 14 pa detta sat, maste motorporten 15 sattas i forbindelse mcd behallaren 12. For detta andamal maste man naturligtvis oppna ventilkroppen 48 for att astadkomma forbindelse mellan returutloppet 37 och arbetspor;. ten 41, som hr furbunden med motorporten 15 genom ledningen 43. In the valve described above, it is obvious that the valve body 45 can be opened corresponding to the pressure of the oil in the bore 50, da. the pressure chamber 60 of the valve body is ventilated so that the pressure oil in the main line can flow to the lower motor port 14 via the line 42 and the channel 40 'in the distributor valve housing 29. Since pressure oil is led to the motor port 14 in this way, the motor port 15 must be connected to the container 12. For this purpose, of course, the valve body 48 must be opened to provide a connection between the return outlet 37 and the working track. 41, which is connected to the motor port 15 through line 43.

Ventilkroppen 45 styr salunda tillforseln till motorporten 14, medan ventilkroppen 48 reglerar utflodet frail motorporten 15. Ventilkroppen 46 tjanstgor pa samma salt som en inloppsventil for motorporten. 15 och samarbetar med utloppsventilen 45, som betjAnar motorporten 14, sit att motorn kan arbeta i motsatt riktning. Om. cylinderns 10 kolv skall drivas nedat, sasom hr fallet i fig. 1, maste .salunda ventilkropparnas 46 och 47 tryckkamrar vara ventilerade, medan ventilkropparnas 45 och 48 tryckkamrar sta under tryck, sit att sistnamnda bagge ventilkroppar hallas mot sina saten av sina kolvliknande drivdon-. Om daremot kolven i cylindern 10 skall drivas uppat, maste ventilkropparna sta i de i fig. 4 visade lagena, nar ventilkropparna 45 och 48 aro oppna, medan ventilkropparna 46 och 47 hallas mot sina saten. The valve body 45 thus controls the supply to the motor port 14, while the valve body 48 regulates the outflow from the motor port 15. The valve body 46 serves on the same salt as an inlet valve for the motor port. 15 and cooperates with the outlet valve 45, which operates the motor port 14, so that the motor can operate in the opposite direction. If. the piston of the cylinder 10 must be driven downwards, as in the case of Fig. 1, thus the pressure chambers of the valve bodies 46 and 47 must be ventilated, while the pressure chambers of the valve bodies 45 and 48 are under pressure, the latter ram valve bodies being held against their pistons by their piston-like actuators. . If, on the other hand, the piston in the cylinder 10 is to be driven upwards, the valve bodies must be in the layers shown in Fig. 4, when the valve bodies 45 and 48 are open, while the valve bodies 46 and 47 are inclined towards their seats.

En manoverledning 68 med grenledningar 69 och 70, vilka sta i forbindelse med var sin av ventilkropparnas 45 och 48 tryckkamrar 60, Or det mojligt att samfallt Oppna och stanga ndmnda ventiler. En liknande manoverledning 71 med grenledningar 72 och 73, som sta i forbindelse med var sin av ventilkropparnas 46 och 47 tryckkamrar, gor det mojligt att samtidigt oppna och/eller stanga dessa kroppar. A control line 68 with branch lines 69 and 70, which are connected to each of the pressure chambers 60 and 48 of the valve bodies 45, It is possible to coincide Open and close the said valves. A similar control line 71 with branch lines 72 and 73, which are connected to each of the pressure chambers of the valve bodies 46 and 47, makes it possible to open and / or close these bodies at the same time.

Sasom bast framgar av fig. 4 har var och en av ventilkropparna en inatvand, periferisk ausats 75, som bildas vid overgangen mellan delen 56 med stor diameter och delen 57 med intermediar diameter. Dessa ansatser aro viktiga betraffande utloppsventilerna 47 och 48, emedan de sorja f8r oppnande av dessa ventiler till foljd av den kraft, som den fran den hydrauliska cylinderns ena eller andra dude avgaende oljan utovar, da motsvarande tryckkamrar aro ventilerade. As can be seen from Fig. 4, each of the valve bodies has an inlet water, peripheral ausat 75, which is formed at the transition between the large diameter part 56 and the intermediate diameter part 57. These approaches are important for the outlet valves 47 and 48, since they open the valves as a result of the force exerted by the oil emanating from one or the other dude of the hydraulic cylinder when the corresponding pressure chambers are vented.

Varje ventilkropp har vidare Mom mellandelen 57 ett tunt, radiellt hal 76, som mynnar i ventilkroppens ihaliga inre och standigt star i forbindelse med angransande, vertikala kanal 40' och 41' i ventilhuset. Dessa hal mojliggora utdrivning av tryckolja fran det inre av ventilerna till endera kanalen 40' och 41' medan ventilkropparna ooh deras drivdon vira sig mot varandra. I utloppsventilkropparna gOra halen 76 det mojligt for den avgaende oljan att stromma utat genom drivdonen och tryckkamrarna till man5verledningarna 70 och 73. Each valve body further has the Mom intermediate part 57 a thin, radial hall 76, which opens into the hollow inner and permanent star of the valve body in connection with adjacent, vertical channels 40 'and 41' in the valve housing. These allow the expulsion of pressure oil from the interior of the valves to either the channel 40 'and 41' while the valve bodies and their actuators rotate towards each other. In the outlet valve bodies, the tail 76 allows the effluent oil to flow outwardly through the actuators and pressure chambers to the actuators 70 and 73.

For detta andamal aro utloppsventilkropparnas 47 och 48 kolvliknande drivdon icke massiva, sasom är fallet med inloppsventilkropparnas 45 och 46, utan ha var sin axiella kanal 78 som är helt genomgaende. Alla delar av .kanalen 78 ha storre diameter an de radiella halen i motsvarande utloppsventiler. Den inre anden av kanalen 78 i varje drivdon mynnar i motsvarande ventilkropps ihaliga inre genom ett utatriktat, koniskt ventilate, mot vilket en backventilkula 79 verkar, da tryckolja strommar till motsvarande tryckkammare 60, far att hindra oljan frail att avga till kanalen 40' eller 41' genom det radiella halet 76 i motsvarande ventilkropp. Backventilkulorna 19 hindra naturligtvis icke oljeflode utat fran det hare av utloppsventilerna genom kanalerna 78 i drivdonen. For this purpose, the piston-like actuators of the outlet valve bodies 47 and 48 are not massive, as is the case with the inlet valve bodies 45 and 46, but each has its own axial channel 78 which is completely continuous. All parts of the channel 78 have a larger diameter than the radial tails in the corresponding outlet valves. The inner spirit of the channel 78 in each actuator opens into the hollow interior of the corresponding valve body through an outwardly directed, conical valve, against which a non-return valve ball 79 acts, as pressure oil flows to the corresponding pressure chamber 60, preventing the oil from escaping to the channel 40 'or 41 'through the radial tail 76 in the corresponding valve body. The non-return valve balls 19 do not, of course, prevent oil flow out of the hare of the outlet valves through the channels 78 in the drive means.

Varje ventilkula 79 är rorlig fram och tillbaka i en vidgad mellandel av kanalen 78. Varje kanal star i forbindelse med tryckkammaren bakom drivdonet genom ett hal 80, som hr excentriskt i forhallande till kammarens langdaxel, sa att det icke kan tillslutas av motsvarande ventilkula. Each valve ball 79 is reciprocated in a widened intermediate portion of the channel 78. Each channel communicates with the pressure chamber behind the actuator through a hole 80 which is eccentric relative to the longitudinal axis of the chamber so that it cannot be closed by the corresponding valve ball.

Av det foregaende framgar, att inloppsven tilkropparna 45 och 46 kunna reglera forbindelsen mellan huvudledningen 27 och endera motorporten 14 och 15, medan regleringsventilens ventilkropp 35 kan reglera en del av olj an fran pumpen, som stri5mmar till endera motorporten genom huvudledningen. Utloppsventilkropparna 47 och 48 styra pa samma satt forbindelsen mellan endera motorporten 14 och 15 och huvudreturledningen 38. From the foregoing, it can be seen that the inlet veins of the bodies 45 and 46 can regulate the connection between the main line 27 and either of the motor ports 14 and 15, while the valve body 35 of the control valve can regulate a portion of oil from the pump flowing to either motor port through the main line. The outlet valve bodies 47 and 48 control in the same way the connection between either the motor ports 14 and 15 and the main return line 38.

Enligt foreliggande uppfinning styres installningen av regleringsventilkroppen 35 och av ventilkropparna 45-48 med en huvudkontrollventil eller styrventil 20. Denna hr installbar att selektivt leda tryckolja till eller avleda tryckolj a fran fordelarventilens 13 tryckkamrar 60 och kan aven ansatta fluidumtryck av varierande styrka mot ventilkroppen. 35, sâ att derma intar helt stangt eller oppet lage eller nagot mellanlage och varierande mangder av olja Iran pumpen kan forbikopplas huvudledningen 27. According to the present invention, the installation is controlled by the control valve body 35 and by the valve bodies 45-48 with a main control valve or control valve 20. This is installable to selectively direct pressure oil to or divert pressure oil from the manifold valve pressure chambers 60 and may also apply fluid pressures of varying strength to the valve body. 35, so that it occupies a completely closed or open layer or some intermediate layer and varying amounts of oil The Iran pump can be bypassed the main line 27.

Styrventilen 20 omfattar ett ventilhus 83 med en urborrning 84 for en smal ventilslid 85, som kan forskjutas manuellt fran ett lage till ett annat med mycket liten anstrangning. The control valve 20 comprises a valve housing 83 with a bore 84 for a narrow valve slide 85, which can be moved manually from one bearing to another with very little effort.

Styrventilen 20 liknar mycket styrventilerna enligt ovan namnda, amerikanska patentskrift 2 873 762 bade betraffande konstruktion och verkan och skiljer sig huvudsakligen Iran de kanda ventilerna genom att den, eftersom den icke reglerar flodet direkt, kan utforas mycket liten och kompakt..Styrventilens ventilslid 85 kan salunda ha en diameter, som hr mycket obetydligt starre an en vanlig blyertspennas. Tack vare sin ringa storlek lam-par den sig aven for fjarrstyrning, exempelvis med elektromagneter, som aro forbundna med sliden. The control valve 20 is very similar to the control valves according to the above-mentioned, U.S. Pat. No. 2,873,762 both in terms of construction and operation, and differs mainly from the known valves in that, since it does not regulate the flow directly, it can be made very small and compact. salunda have a diameter, which here very insignificantly stiffer than an ordinary pencil. Due to its small size, it also lamps for remote control, for example with electromagnets, which are connected to the slide.

Sasom normalt vid styrventiler av denna art avsedda for styrning av en dubbelverkande, hydraulisk cylinder har sliden 85 tre axiellt fOrdelade, periferiska spar och hr anordnad att forskjutas fran ett neutraIlage eller hallage till ettdera av tva arbetslagen ph eanse sidor om neutrallaget for omkastning av den styrda, hydrauliska cylinderns arbetsriktning. As is normally the case with control valves of this kind intended for controlling a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, the slide 85 has three axially distributed, peripheral grooves and here arranged to be displaced from a neutral bearing or bearing to either of the two working sides of the neutral layer for reversing the controlled , working direction of the hydraulic cylinder.

Styrventilen hr lampligen av typen med Op-pet mitt15.ge och har ett inlopp 87, vilket ar forbundet med uppstromsgrenen 88 av en kanal i ventilhuset, och ett utlopp 89, som star i forbindelse med den genomgaende kanalens nedstromsgren 90. Sasom vanligt vid ventiler av denna typ star den genomgaende kanalens bagge grenar i forbindelse med varandra genom urborrningen 84 och slidens 85 mittspar, da sliden star i sitt neutrallage. The control valve is suitably of the type with the opening in the middle 15 and has an inlet 87, which is connected to the upstream branch 88 of a channel in the valve housing, and an outlet 89, which is connected to the downstream branch 90 of the continuous channel. of this type, the ram branches of the continuous channel stand in communication with each other through the bore 84 and the middle pair of the slide 85, as the slide stands in its neutral position.

Olja fran pumpen kan salunda strOmma oavbrutet frail inloppet 87 till utloppet 89 genom den genomgaende kanalens grenar 88 och 90, da sliden 85 star i silt neutrallage. Oil from the pump can thus flow continuously from the inlet 87 to the outlet 89 through the branches 88 and 90 of the through-channel, as the slide 85 is in a silt neutral position.

Styrventilens hus 83 är N.ven fOrsett med tva arbetsportar 91 och 92, vilka utga fran ar- betskanaler 91' respektive 92', vilka korsa urborrningen 84 intill slidens b5.gge yttre spar. Arbetskanalerna aro placerade innanfor och intill de bagge motstaende grenarna 94 av en utlappskartal 95 i form av ett ommant U i huset samt intill och utanfor motstaende grenar 96 av en U-formig kanal 97, som star i forbindelse med den genomgaende kanalens uppstromsgren 88 genom en med en backventil styrd oppning 99. Eftersom de U-formiga kanalernas grenar samtliga korsa urborr- ningen 84, kan endera arbetskanalen 91' och 92' selektivt sdttas i forbindelse med antingen utloppskanalen eller den U-formiga kanalen genom urborrningen 84 och de bagge yttre sparen i sliden, eller ocksa kunna bagge arbetskanalerna isoleras frail utloppskanalerna, da sliden star i neutrallage. The control valve housing 83 is also provided with two working ports 91 and 92, which extend from working channels 91 'and 92', respectively, which cross the bore 84 adjacent the outer outer grooves of the slide. The working channels are located inside and next to the ram opposite branches 94 of an outlet gutter 95 in the form of an omnidirectional U in the housing and next to and outside opposite branches 96 of a U-shaped channel 97, which communicates with the upstream branch 88 of the through channel through a with a check valve controlled opening 99. Since the branches of the U-shaped channels all cross the bore 84, either the working channel 91 'and 92' can be selectively connected to either the outlet channel or the U-shaped channel through the bore 84 and the ram outer grooves. in the slide, or also be able to ram the working channels, the frail outlet channels are insulated, as the slide is in neutral.

Enligt fig. 2 har styrventilens slid fOrskjutits at vanster fran sitt neutrallage till ett lage, i vilket den sparrar tillforseln av olja frau den genomgaende kanalens inloppsgren 88 till dess utloppsgren 90, sa att tryckolja, som in- kommer genom inloppet 87, lyfter backventi- len 100 frail sitt sate och den normalt tillslutna 8ppningen 99 friges. Tryckolja shorn- mar salunda in i den U-formiga kanalen 97 och genom urborrningen 84 och det hogra sparet i sliden till arbetsporten 92. Eftersom denna är forbunden med manoverledningen 71, kommer tryckoljan att stemma genom grenarna 72 och 73 till inloppsventilltroppens 46 och utloppsventilltroppens 47 tryckkamrar 60, sa att dessa ventilkroppar stangas av motsvarande drivdon 62. Samtidigt sates ar- betskanalen 91' och tillhorande arbetsport 91 i forbindelse med angransande gren 94 av utloppskanalen 95, sa att oljan kan avledas fran ventilkropparnas 45 och 48 tryckkamrar 60 genom manoverledningens 68 grenar 69 och 70. Denna ledning är di forbunden med styrventilens arbetsport 91. Harigenom ventileras ventilkropparnas 43 och 48 tryckkamrar, att kropparna kunna oppna. According to Fig. 2, the slide of the control valve has been displaced to the left from its neutral layer to a layer in which it blocks the supply of oil from the inlet branch 88 of the through-passage to its outlet branch 90, so that pressure oil entering through the inlet 87 lifts the check valve len 100 frail sitt sate and the normally closed 8ppning 99 is released. Pressure oil thus flows into the U-shaped channel 97 and through the bore 84 and the right groove in the slide to the working port 92. Since this is connected to the control line 71, the pressure oil will flow through the branches 72 and 73 to the inlet valve body 46 and the outlet valve body 47. pressure chambers 60, so that these valve bodies are barred by corresponding actuators 62. At the same time, the working channel 91 'and associated working port 91 are connected in connection with adjacent branch 94 of the outlet channel 95, so that the oil can be diverted from the valve bodies 45 and 48 pressure chambers 60 69 and 70. This line is connected to the working port 9 of the control valve. In this way the pressure chambers of the valve bodies 43 and 48 are ventilated, so that the bodies can open.

Fig. 4 visar inlopps- och utloppsventilltropparnas lagen i fordelarventilen, da styrventi- lens slid har forskjutits till sitt lage enligt fig. 2. Inlopps- och utloppsventilkropparnas lagen omkastas naturligtvis vid fOrskjutning av styrventilens slid till dess andra arbetslage, vilket visas i fig. 1, till hoger om neutrallaget. Regleringsspar 102 av vanlig typ aro upptagna i de axiella andarna till de land, som bildas av de tre axiellt fOrdelade sparen i sliden, Mr att joke endast astadkomma reglerat flode av tryckolja fran inloppet 87 till utloppet 89 genom den genomgaende kanalens 88 .och 90 grenar och urborrningen 81 utan aven for astadkommande av ett reglerat flOde av returvatskan frail endera arbetsporten 91 och 92 till styrventilens utloppskanal 95. Fig. 1 visar sliden 85 i detta regleringslage for att begransa flodet genom styrventilens genom- gaende kanal och floclet fOr den returolja, som infores genom arbetsporten 92, till angransande gren 94 av utloppskanaIen 95. Fig. 4 shows the law of the inlet and outlet valve troops in the distributor valve, as the slide valve slide has been displaced to its position according to Fig. 2. The law of the inlet and outlet valve bodies is of course reversed when the control valve slide moves to its second working position, as shown in Fig. 1 , to the right of the neutral team. Regulatory pairs 102 of the usual type are accommodated in the axial spirits of the lands formed by the three axially distributed grooves in the slide, but to joke only to provide regulated flow of pressure oil from the inlet 87 to the outlet 89 through the through channels 88 and 90 branches. and the bore 81 without also providing a controlled flow of the return liquid from either the working port 91 and 92 to the control valve outlet channel 95. Fig. 1 shows the slide 85 in this control layer for defining the flow through the control valve passage channel and the float for the return oil which is introduced through the working port 92, to adjacent branch 94 of the outlet duct 95.

Tryckolj a, som har fatt strOmma genom den genomgaende kanalen i styrventilen, medan sliden star i neutrallage, avgar fran utloppet 89 och aterfores till behallaren genom en gren 33' av ledningen till behallaren. Tryckolja fran pumpen ledes till styrventilen for att fordelas selektivt av denna pa tryckkamrarna 60 i fordelarventilen 18 med hjalp av en ledning 104, vars ena ande är forbunden med styrventilens inlopp 87 och vars andra ande är fOrbunden med inloppskammaren 30 i regleringsventilens 19 bus 31. Ledningen 104 star i fOrbindelse med kammaren 30 genom det inre av tryckregleringsventilens ventilkropp. Den visas har fOrbunden med yttre anden av en kanal 105 i ventilhuset 31. Denna kanal mynnar i Ovre anden av en urborrning 106, som är koaxiell med och riktad neat mot ventilsatet 34. I denna kanal är ventilkroppen 31 forskjutbar och styrd for rorelse uppat och nedat frail och mot ventilsatet 34. Ventilkroppen 35 ar ihalig och bagarliknande samt bar en botten med en trang kanal 107, genom vilken ventilkroppens inre star i fOrbindelse med inloppskammaren 30. Oljan fran pumpen kan salunda stromma genom kanalen 107 och ventilkroppens 35 inre till kanalen 105 och sedan genom ledningen 104 till styrventilens 20 inlopp 87. Pressure oil a, which has flowed through the through-channel in the control valve, while the slide is in neutral, departs from the outlet 89 and is returned to the container through a branch 33 'of the line to the container. Pressure oil from the pump is led to the control valve to be selectively distributed thereon on the pressure chambers 60 in the distribution valve 18 by means of a line 104, one end of which is connected to the inlet 87 of the control valve and the other end of which is connected to the inlet chamber 30 of the control valve 19 bus 31. 104 communicates with the chamber 30 through the interior of the valve body of the pressure control valve. It is shown connected to the outer spirit of a channel 105 in the valve housing 31. This channel opens into the upper spirit of a bore 106 which is coaxial with and directed neatly towards the valve seat 34. In this channel the valve body 31 is displaceable and controlled for upward movement and The valve body 35 is hollow and baker-like and has a bottom with a narrow channel 107, through which the inner body of the valve body communicates with the inlet chamber 30. The oil from the pump can thus flow through the channel 107 and the inner body 35 of the valve body to the channel 105. and then through line 104 to control valve 20 inlet 87.

Urborrningens 106 yttre 5nde ãr tillsluten med en skruvpropp 107 och en kompressionsfjader 108, som stracker sig till den bagarliknande ventilkroppens ihaliga inre, 5.r inspand mellan ventilkroppens botten och skruvproppen for att fOrspanna ventilkroppen mot dess sate 34. Vid anliggning mot satet skjuter ett hopdraget utsprang 109 pa ventilkroppens undersida lost ned genom ventilsatet 34, mot vilket en periferisk ansats 110 pa ventilkroppens utsida anligger. Denna ansats är bildad vid overgangen mellan utspranget 109 och ventilkroppens cylindriska sidovagg med stone diameter. The outer end of the bore 106 is closed with a screw plug 107 and a compression spring 108, which extends to the hollow interior of the baker-like valve body, is clamped between the bottom of the valve body and the screw plug to bias the valve body against its seat 34. When abutting the seat, projection 109 on the underside of the valve body loosened down through the valve seat 34, against which a peripheral shoulder 110 on the outside of the valve body abuts. This shoulder is formed at the transition between the projection 109 and the cylindrical side rock of the valve body with stone diameter.

Da styrventilens ventilslid 85 star i sitt neutrallage, kan olj a Iran pumpen vid inloppet 87 stromma till utloppet 89 genom de bagge d i forbindelse med varandra staende grenarna 88 och 90 i den genomgaende kanalen och aterVanda till behallaren genom ledningarna 33 och 33'. Denna krets bildar en andra forbikopplingsvag for oljan fran pumpen, sit att den ringa mangd »manover»-olja 6 kan stromma, da styrventilens slid 85 befinner sig i sitt neutralla.ge. Om detta flode av manoverolja är obegransat, later franvaron av mottryck i den tryckkammare, som bildas av urbormingen 106 i tryckregleringsventilen 19, fjaderns 108 forspanning overvinnas av det tryck, som oljan frail pumpen utovar i inloppskammaren 30 pa ventilkroppens 32 spets, sa att ventilkroppen lyftes frau. satet 34 av namnda tryck for att satta pumpens utlopp 26 i full forbindelse med forbikopplingsledningen 32. °ban fran pumpen ledes salunda forbi fordelarventilen 18, sä att flagon tryckolja icke kan ledas till cylindern 10. As the valve slide 85 of the control valve is in its neutral position, the oil pump Iran at the inlet 87 can flow to the outlet 89 through the ram branches connected to each other 88 and 90 in the through channel and return to the tank through the lines 33 and 33 '. This circuit forms a second bypass path for the oil from the pump, so that the small amount of "maneuver" oil 6 can flow, as the slide 85 of the control valve is in its neutral position. If this flow of control oil is unlimited, the absence of back pressure in the pressure chamber formed by the bore 106 in the pressure regulating valve 19 allows the spring 108 bias to be overcome by the pressure exerted by the oil from the inlet chamber 30 on the tip of the valve body 32. frau. the set 34 of said pressure to put the outlet 26 of the pump in full connection with the bypass line 32. The path from the pump is thus passed past the distributor valve 18, so that flake pressure oil cannot be led to the cylinder 10.

DA oljeflodet fan styrventilens inlopp till dess utlopp dr blockerat, sasom är fallet da ventilens slid 85 har forskjutits till sitt arbetslage enligt fig. 2, kommer det mottryck, som bygges upp i ledningen 104 och tryckkammaren 106 att uttiva en stangande kraft pa ventilkroppen 35, sa att den halles mot sitt sate, sasom visas i fig. 3, varigenom forbikopplingen av oljan genom ledningen 32 blockeras och i huvudsak all olja frau pumpens utlopp bringas att stromma till huvudledningen 27. When the oil flow from the inlet of the control valve to its outlet there is blocked, as is the case when the valve slide 85 has been displaced to its working position according to Fig. 2, the back pressure built up in the line 104 and the pressure chamber 106 will exert a pulsating force on the valve body 35. so that it is inclined towards its sate, as shown in Fig. 3, whereby the bypass of the oil through the line 32 is blocked and essentially all the oil from the outlet of the pump is caused to flow to the main line 27.

Aven om det fluidummottryck, som verkar pa regleringsventilens ventilkropp, kommer fran samma tryckkalla, n.amligen pumpen 11, ha de ytor pa ventilkroppen, som aro vanda uppat mot dess tryokkammare 106 stone total ytarea an den nedatvanda ytan pa den utdragna spetsen 109, sh att ventilkroppen stanges, da styrventilens slid 85 blockerar den oppna, centrala kanalen i styrventilens hus. Fjddern 108 medverkar naturligtvis till att stanga tryckreduktionsventilens ventilkropp mot den Oppnande kraft, som tryckolj an i inloppskammaren 30 utovar pa ventilkroppens spets 109. Although the fluid back pressure acting on the valve body of the control valve comes from the same cold source, namely the pump 11, the surfaces of the valve body which are welded upwards towards its pressure chamber 106 have a total surface area of the downturned surface of the extended tip 109, that the valve body is closed when the control valve slide 85 blocks the open, central channel in the control valve housing. The spring 108 naturally helps to push the valve body of the pressure reduction valve against the opening force which the pressure oil in the inlet chamber 30 exerts on the tip 109 of the valve body.

I fig. 1 visas regleringsventilen i delvis op-pet lage, dâ det tryck, som ovas pa dess spets av olja frail pumpen, som ntrader i inloppskammaren 30, hailer ventilkroppen delvis lyft fran dess sate mot verkan av den kraft, som det nagot reducerade mottrycket i kammaren 106 utovar pa ventilkroppen, da styrventilens ventilslid 85 befinner sig i ett lage, dar flodet genom den oppna mittkanalen är begransat. Dâ ett sadant tillstand rader, later slitsar 112 pa tryckreduktionsventilens spets runt dess hopdragna ande ett exakt reglerat flOcle av olja fran pumpen passera genom forbikopplingsledningen 32 till behallaren, medan stk.- re delen av olj an kan stromma till den hydrauliska cylindern genom huvudledningen 27. Fig. 1 shows the control valve in a partially open position, when the pressure exerted on its tip by oil from the pump entering the inlet chamber 30, the valve body partially lifts from its seat against the action of the force which it slightly reduced. the back pressure in the chamber 106 exerts on the valve body, as the valve slide 85 of the control valve is in a position where the flow through the open central channel is limited. When such a condition lines up, slots 112 on the tip of the pressure relief valve around its contracted end allow a precisely regulated flow of oil from the pump to pass through the bypass line 32 to the tank, while the greater part of the oil can flow to the hydraulic cylinder through the main line 27.

Vid den beskrivna konstruktionen kommer den del av oljan fran pumpen, som bringas att stromma genom huvudledningen 27, att vara direkt proportionell mot den grad, i vilken styrventilens 20 slid 85 begransar flodet genom den oppna mittkanalen 88-90 1 styr ventilens hus. Om denna mittkanal är helt oppen, sasom da sliden 85 star i sitt neutrallage, rader joke nagot mottryck i tryckkammaren 106, sa att ventilkroppen 35 Ores till sitt helt oppna lage genom trycket fran oljan i regleringsventilens 19 inloppskammare 30. Om den oppna mittkanalen är helt stangd av ventilsliden 85, kommer det resulterande mottrycket i kammaren 106 att halla ventilkroppen 35 hart pressad mot dess sate 34 for att forhindra forbikoppling av olja fran pumpen till behallaren genom ledningen 32. In the described construction, the part of the oil from the pump which is caused to flow through the main line 27 will be directly proportional to the degree to which the slide 85 of the control valve 20 defines the flow through the open central channel 88-90 1 controls the valve housing. If this center channel is fully open, such as when the slide 85 is in its neutral position, joke jokes some back pressure in the pressure chamber 106, so that the valve body 35 ores to its completely open layer through the pressure from the oil in the control valve 19 inlet chamber 30. If the open center channel is completely closed by the valve slide 85, the resulting back pressure in the chamber 106 will keep the valve body 35 pressed against its sate 34 to prevent oil from passing from the pump to the container through the line 32.

Ventilkroppen 35 kan inta olika mellanlagen, vid vilka floclet av olja frail pumpen till fOrbikopplingsledningen 32 okas och den mangd olja, som avgar till huvudledningen 27 minskas i motsvarande grad, genom install-fling av ventilsliden 85 i styrventilen for att gradvis lata mera olja stromma genom den oppna mittkanalen i styrventilens hus. Den hastighet, med vilken cylinderns 10 kolvstang fOrskjuter en darmed forbunden last kan salunda regleras mycket exakt. The valve body 35 can occupy different intermediate layers, at which the floc of oil frail the pump to the bypass line 32 is increased and the amount of oil emitting to the main line 27 is reduced correspondingly, by installing the valve slide 85 in the control valve to gradually allow more oil to flow through the open central channel in the control valve housing. The speed at which the piston rod of the cylinder 10 displaces a load connected thereto can thus be controlled very precisely.

En sakerhetsventil for systemet kan inbyggas i regleringsventilens 19 hus pa det satt, som visas i fig. 1 och 2. Sakerhetsventilen kan salunda omfatta en ventiltallrik 114, som med en fjader 115 är fOrspand till kontakt med ett uppatvant, ringformigt ventilsate 116. Detta bildar en forbindelse mellan en fOrsta kanal 117, som, dr fonbunden med inloppskammaren 30, och en andra kanal 118, som dr forbunden med forbikopplingsledningen 32. A safety valve for the system can be built into the housing of the control valve 19 in the manner shown in Figs. 1 and 2. The safety valve may thus comprise a valve plate 114, which with a spring 115 is biased into contact with an upturned, annular valve set 116. This forms a connection between a first channel 117, which is connected to the inlet chamber 30, and a second channel 118, which is connected to the bypass line 32.

Nara anslutningen till kanalen 118 ar kanalen 117 vidgad vid 119 for att mottaga en kolv 120, som är kanslig fOr oljetrycket i inloppskammaren 30. Kolven forskjutes uppat, da oljetrycket i inloppskammaren nar alltfor Mgt varde och forskjuter ventiltallriken 111 till ett oppet lage lyft frail satet 116, sa att cylindern eller tryckkammaren 106 sattes forbindelse med behallaren genom kanalen 118 och forbikopplingsledningen. 32. Harigenom a-vlastas naturligtvis mottrycket i kammaren 106, sa att ventilkroppen kan foras till sitt helt oppna lage genom trycket fran tryckoljan fran pumpen i inloppskammaren 30, varigenom pumpen avlastas effektivt. Near the connection to the duct 118, the duct 117 is widened at 119 to receive a piston 120, which is sensitive to the oil pressure in the inlet chamber 30. The piston is displaced upwards, as the oil pressure in the inlet chamber reaches too much value and displaces the valve plate 111 to an open low lift. 116, so that the cylinder or pressure chamber 106 was connected to the container through the channel 118 and the bypass line. 32. This naturally relieves the back pressure in the chamber 106, so that the valve body can be led to its fully open bearing by the pressure of the pressure oil from the pump in the inlet chamber 30, whereby the pump is effectively relieved.

Medan ventilkroppen 35 samverkar med inloppsventilkropparna 45 och 46 i fordelarventilen 18 styrd fran styrventilen 20 for att reglera den mangd av olja Iran pumpen, som ledes till den hydrauliska cylinderns 10 ena port, samverka utloppsventilkropparna 47 och 48 med styrventilens -ventilslid for att reglera den hastighet, med vilken oljan kan avga fran motorns andra port. Fig. 1 visar utloppsventilkroppen 47 i delvis oppet 'age, da den reglerar oljefloclet frail den nedre motorporten 11 till behallaren. Denna reglering astadkommes 7 genom att urtagningarna 102 i ventilsliden 85 i laget enligt fig. 1 endast medge begransad forbindelse mellan utloppsventilkroppens 47 tryckkammare 60 och utloppskanalen 95 i styrventilens hus. Trycket i kammaren 60 bakom ventilkroppens 47 drivdon avlastas salunda endast obetydligt for att lata ventilkroppen 47 Oppnas i den ringa grad, som erfordras for att rata tryckolja fran motorn strOmma till utloppsledningen 37 genom slitsar 122 ph'. utsidan av dess reducerade, hire del 55. Samtidigt strommar olja genom halet 76 i ventilkroppens 47 sida in i dess tryckkammare 60. Eftersom den avgaende oljan i kanalen 40' nu kan stromma in i tryckkammaren 60 i huvudsak lika snabbt som den kan avgit ddrifran till utloppskanalen 95 i styrventilen genom slidens 85 regleringshack 102, kan ventilkroppen 47 icke Oppnas fullstandigt. Kroppens delvis oppna lage bestammes av slidens lage och narmare bestamt av den hastighet, med vilken avgaende olja kan strOmma genom tryckkammaren 60 till utloppskanalen 95 I styrventilen 20. While the valve body 35 cooperates with the inlet valve bodies 45 and 46 of the manifold valve 18 controlled from the control valve 20 to control the amount of oil in the pump pumped to one port of the hydraulic cylinder 10, the outlet valve bodies 47 and 48 cooperate with the control valve valve slide to regulate it. , with which the oil can emit from the other port of the engine. Fig. 1 shows the outlet valve body 47 in partial operation, as it regulates the oil floc from the lower motor port 11 to the container. This control is achieved 7 in that the recesses 102 in the valve slide 85 in the layer according to Fig. 1 only allow a limited connection between the pressure chamber 60 of the outlet valve body 47 and the outlet channel 95 in the control valve housing. The pressure in the chamber 60 behind the actuator of the valve body 47 is thus relieved only insignificantly to allow the valve body 47 to open to the small degree required to direct pressure oil from the engine flowing to the outlet line 37 through slots 122 ph '. outside of its reduced, hire portion 55. At the same time, oil flows through the tail 76 in the side of the valve body 47 into its pressure chamber 60. Since the effluent oil in the channel 40 'can now flow into the pressure chamber 60 substantially as fast as it can discharge therefrom to outlet channel 95 in the control valve through the control notch 102 of the slide 85, the valve body 47 can not be opened completely. The partially open layer of the body is determined by the layer of the slide and closer determined by the rate at which effluent oil can flow through the pressure chamber 60 to the outlet channel 95 in the control valve 20.

Utloppsventilkroppen 48 har ocksa regleringsslitsar 122 pa utsidan av den reducerade, inre anden och verkar pa samma satt som ventilkroppen 47 for att reglera avgangen av olj a fran motorn genom kanalen 41', dd. yentilsliden 85 har forskjutits till ett regleringslage till vanster om neutrallaget nagot innanfor full-hastighets-lage enligt fig. 2. The outlet valve body 48 also has control slots 122 on the outside of the reduced inner spirit and acts in the same manner as the valve body 47 to control the discharge of oil from the engine through the channel 41 ', dd. the yentil slide 85 has been displaced to a control layer to the left of the neutral layer slightly within the full-speed layer of Fig. 2.

Om sit Onskas knnna sakerhetsventiler 124 for cylinderportarna inbyggas pa •lampligt stalle i de ledningar eller kanaler, som dro forbundna med styrventilens portar 91 oeh 92 eller arbetsportar 40 och 41 for att avlasta alltfOr hoga tryck, som kunna upptrada i cylindern 10 pa grund av arten av den last, med vilken dess kolvstang an forbunden. Dessa sakerhetsventiler for cylinderportarna kunna s'alunda anbringas i fordelarventilens hus for att reagera for oljetrycket i endera ntloppsventilkroppens kammare 60, eller vid portarna 40 och 41. Sakerhetsventilerna visas emellertid anbragta pa styrventilen 20 och kunna omfatta en fjaderpaverkad ventiltallrik 125, som standigt ar forspand mot stangningslage fOr blockering av en kanal 126 i styrventilens hus i forbindelse med utloppskanalens 95 grenar och deras angransande arbetskanaler 91' och 92'. If desired, safety valves 124 for the cylinder ports are fitted in a suitable place in the lines or ducts which were connected to the control valve ports 91 and 92 or working ports 40 and 41 to relieve excessive pressure which may occur in the cylinder 10 due to the nature. of the load with which its piston rod is connected. These safety valves for the cylinder ports can thus be mounted in the distributor valve housing to respond to the oil pressure in either the outlet valve body chamber 60, or at the ports 40 and 41. However, the safety valves are shown mounted on the control valve 20 and may include a spring actuated valve plate 125 closing law for blocking a channel 126 in the control valve housing in connection with the branches of the outlet channel 95 and their adjacent working channels 91 'and 92'.

Da trycket pa den olja, som ledes till den hydrauliska cylinderns endera ande blir alit-for Mgt, rada motsvarande hoga tryck i endera av arbetskanalerna 91' och 92', varvid det tryck, som verkar mot motsvarande sakerhetsventils ventiltallrik 125 kommer att lyfta denna fran dess sate. Om detta skulle intraffa, exempelvis da ventilsliden 85 star i sitt vanstra arbetslage for full hastigbet, sasom visas i fig. 2, di regleringsventilkroppen 35 är stangd, medan inloppsventilkroppen 46 och utloppsventilkroppen 47 hallas mot sina saten, kommer alltfor hogt tryck i cylinderns 10 nedre ande att fortplantas till arbetskanalen 92', sit att motsvarande ventiltallrik 125 Oppnas och ventilerar inloppsventilkroppens 46 och utloppsventilkroppens 47 tryckkamrar. Inloppsventilkroppen 46 lyftes dii nagot frail sitt sate motsvarighet till oljetrycket i kanalen 50, sit att tryckolja, som inkommer i fordelarventilens inloppsport 28 kan avgi genom utloppet 37 Over kanalen 41'. liven utloppsventilkroppen 47 lyftes nagot fran sitt sate till fOljd av den kraft, som tryckoljan i kanalen 40' ut'War pa ventilkroppens ansats 75, sit att den nedre motorporten 14 sattes i forbindelse med utloppet 37. Alla for hoga tryck i cylinderportarna avlastas salunda i huvudsak momentaut, varefter cylinderportens sakerhetsventil kan aterga till sitt normala, stangda lage. When the pressure on the oil which is led to either end of the hydraulic cylinder becomes too high, the corresponding high pressure will line up in either of the working channels 91 'and 92', the pressure acting on the corresponding safety valve valve plate 125 lifting it from dess sate. Should this occur, for example when the valve slide 85 is in its left working position for full speed, as shown in Fig. 2, in the control valve body 35 is closed, while the inlet valve body 46 and the outlet valve body 47 are held against their sates, excessive pressure will enter the lower cylinder 10 to be propagated to the working channel 92 ', provided that the corresponding valve plate 125 opens and ventilates the pressure chambers of the inlet valve body 46 and the outlet valve body 47. The inlet valve body 46 is lifted slightly corresponding to the oil pressure in the channel 50, so that pressure oil which enters the inlet port 28 of the distributor valve can dispense through the outlet 37 over the channel 41 '. The life of the outlet valve body 47 was lifted slightly from its seat due to the force exerted by the pressure oil in the duct 40 'on the shoulder 75 of the valve body, so that the lower motor port 14 was connected to the outlet 37. All too high pressures in the cylinder ports are thus relieved. mainly torque, after which the safety valve of the cylinder port can return to its normal, closed position.

En utomordentlig fOrdel med den ovan beskrivnas ventilmekanismen ar, att dess komponenter kunna anbringas i separata hus, sitsom visas, eller kunna inbyggas i ett enda hus, om sit onskas. Mycket stor frihet vid placeringen av komponenterna pa den hydrauEska anldggning, som skall regleras, kan naturligtvis uppnas, om enheterna sasom visas are anordnade i separata hus. An outstanding advantage of the valve mechanism described above is that its components can be mounted in separate housings, the seats shown, or can be built into a single housing, if desired. A great deal of freedom in the placement of the components on the hydraulic plant to be regulated can, of course, be achieved if the units as shown are arranged in separate housings.

En utomordentligt viktig fordel med foreliggande uppfinning Sr. att fordelarventilen 18 kan utforas for varje onskat tryck och node utan att detta pa nagot satt medfOr motsvarande Wining av styrventilens 20 storlek. Styrventilen kan salunda utforas utomordentligt kompakt. An extremely important advantage of the present invention Sr. that the distributor valve 18 can be designed for each desired pressure and node without this in any way entailing a corresponding Wining of the size of the control valve 20. The control valve can thus be made extremely compact.

Fig. 5 visar hur den manuellt installda styrventilen enligt foreliggande uppfinning med fordel kan anvandas for manovrering av en enkelverkande, hydraulisk cylinder. Eftersom cylindern 128 endast har en enda motorport 129 vid sin nedre ande, behover fordelarventilen, som generellt betecknas med 130, endast omfatta en enda inloppsventilkropp 131 och en enda utloppsventilkropp 132. Inloppsventilkroppen 131 kan i detta fall utgOras av en vanlig hackventil, emedan den aldrig be-hover forskjutas avsiktligt mot sitt sate. Fig. 5 shows how the manually installed control valve according to the present invention can be advantageously used for maneuvering a single-acting, hydraulic cylinder. Since the cylinder 128 has only a single motor port 129 at its lower end, the manifold valve, generally designated 130, need only comprise a single inlet valve body 131 and a single outlet valve body 132. In this case, the inlet valve body 131 may be a standard check valve, since it never be-hover is deliberately shifted towards his sate.

I detta fall har styrventilen 20' en ventilslid 85' av den enkelverkande typ, som beskrives i ovan namnda amerikanska patentskrift 2 873 762, med endast ett andspar, som visas vid den hogra linden av sliden, varfor den vd.nstra manoverporten normalt dr igensatt. Nagon sakerhetsventil 124 for cylinderporten behOvs naturligtvis icke vid styrventilens vanstra ande i detta fall. In this case, the control valve 20 'has a valve slide 85' of the single-acting type described in the above-mentioned U.S. Pat. No. 2,873,762, with only a pair of ducks shown at the right end of the slide, for which reason the left operating port is normally clogged. . Of course, no safety valve 124 for the cylinder port is needed at the left end of the control valve in this case.

Aven om regleringsventilen 19 kan vara 8 identisk med den ovan beskrivna, är styrventilens ventilslid 86' utformad sá med l ett ickredare, centralt spar, att den kan stanga forbindelsen mellan den oppna mittkanalens grenar 88 och 90, endast da. den är installd i Ayftnings»-laget till vanster om neutrallaget. Ilarigenom lamnas den genomgaende eller Oppna mittkanalen oppen, da sliden forskjutes till sitt »sanknings»-lage, som visas i fig. 5, sa att oljan fritt kan avga fran cylinderns 128 enda port. Da ventilsliden 85' star i sitt i fig. 5 visade sankningslage, finnes icke nagot mottryck tillgangligt for att halla ventilkroppen .35 stangd, sa att den halles vidoppen av trycket pa den fran pumpen kommande oljan, som verkar pa ventilkroppens hopdragna, riedre ande, varigenom oljan fran pumpen Iran ledas forbi huvudledningen och stromma till behallaren genom forbikopplingsledningen 2. Although the control valve 19 may be identical to that described above, the valve slide 86 'of the control valve is formed with a non-crimping, central groove so that it can close the connection between the branches 88 and 90 of the open central channel, only then. it is installed in the Ayftnings »team to the left of the neutral team. As a result, the through or open center channel is left open, as the slide is displaced to its "sink" layer, as shown in Fig. 5, so that the oil can drain freely from the single port of the cylinder 128. When the valve slide 85 'is in its lowering position shown in Fig. 5, no back pressure is available to keep the valve body 35 closed, so that it is held at the top by the pressure of the oil coming from the pump, which acts on the contracted, lower spirit of the valve body. whereby the oil from the pump Iran is led past the main line and flows to the tank through the bypass line 2.

Eftersom nagon olja fran pumpen icke kan strOmma till fOrdelarventilens 130 inlopp 28, da ventilsliden befinner sig i sitt visade sankningslage, behOver inloppsventilkroppen aid-rig avsiktligt hallas mot sitt sate. Av denna ,orsak är dess tryckkammare icke fiirbunden med styrventilen. Since no oil from the pump can flow to the inlet 28 of the manifold valve 130, since the valve slide is in its shown lowering position, the inlet valve body needs to be intentionally tilted towards its seat. For this reason, its pressure chamber is not connected to the control valve.

Utloppsventilkroppens 132 tryckkammare star emellertid i forbindelse med styrventilens enda regleringsport 92 genom en ledning 134, sasom har beskrivits ovan, sâ att utloppsventilkroppen kan hallas sakert mot sitt sate nv sitt kolvliknande drivdon 62, da den ingaende oljan bringas att stromma till oinkopplingsventilens 130 inlopp 28 fOrbi inloppsventilkroppen 131 till motorns enda port. Detta forhallande rader, da styrventilens ventilslid 85' forskjutes till sitt lyftningslage till yanster om neutrallaget, da styrventilens Oppna mittkanal blockeras helt eller delvis, me-(Ian slidens hOgra spar saner kanalen 97 i forbindelse med arbetskanalen 92'. However, the pressure chamber of the outlet valve body 132 communicates with the sole control port 92 of the control valve through a conduit 134, as described above, so that the outlet valve body can be held securely against its sate and its piston-like actuator 62 as the input oil flows to the engagement valve 130. inlet valve body 131 to engine single port. This is delayed when the control valve valve slide 85 'is displaced to its lifting position to the left of the neutral layer, when the control valve's open center channel is completely or partially blocked, with the right side of the slide saving the channel 97 in connection with the working channel 92'.

Oljefloclet genom huvudledningen 27 till den hydrauliska cylinderns motorport 129 kan regleras genom sadan installning av ventilsliden 85', att den begransar flodet av olja genom den oppna mittkanalens grenar 88 och 90 i styrventilens hus. Pa grund harav uppbygges mottryck i ledningen 104 och kammaren 106, sa att ventilkroppen 35 Oppnas delvis, da en del av pumpens utflocle aterfores till behallaren, medan en annan del strommar genom huvudledningen 27 till den hydrauliska cylindern.. The oil floc through the main line 27 to the motor port 129 of the hydraulic cylinder can be regulated by installing the valve slide 85 'in such a way that it restricts the flow of oil through the branches 88 and 90 of the open central channel in the control valve housing. Due to this, back pressure builds up in the line 104 and the chamber 106, so that the valve body 35 is partially opened, as part of the pump outflow is returned to the tank, while another part flows through the main line 27 to the hydraulic cylinder.

Reglerad sankning av kolven i den hydrauliska cylindern 128 kan uppnas pa det ovan beskrivna sattet genom installning av ventilsliden 85' i ett strypande sankningslage, som begransar forbindelsen mellan utloppsventilkroppens 132 tryckkammare och ut loppskanalen 851 styrventilen. Avgaende olja i fordelarventilens 130 kanal 40' infores i det inre av inloppsventilkroppen 131 genom ett litet hal 76 i dess sida och utovar ett tryck pa dess utat vanda ytor, sâ att inloppsventilkroppen halles mot sitt sate. Controlled lowering of the piston in the hydraulic cylinder 128 can be achieved in the manner described above by installing the valve slide 85 'in a throttling lowering position, which defines the connection between the pressure chamber of the outlet valve body 132 and the outlet channel 851 control valve. The effluent oil in the channel 40 'of the manifold valve 130 is introduced into the interior of the inlet valve body 131 through a small hole 76 in its side and exerts a pressure on its outwardly watered surfaces so that the inlet valve body is inclined towards its seat.

Fig. 6 visar hur en fordelarventil 18 av den i samband med fig. 1-4 beskrivna typen kan anvandas for att styra tva enkelverkande, hydrauliska cylindrar 151 och 152 under inverkan av styrventiler 153 och 154 for cylindrarna. Samma regleringsventil 19 anvandes i denna anlaggning for de ovan angivna andamalen. Styrventilerna aro emellertid fOrsedda med slider 155 och 156, som icke endast ha det breda, periferiska spar, som utmarker ventilsliden 85' avsedd att anvandas for enkelverkande, hydrauliska cylindrar, utan ocksa ha axiellt breda andspar pa omse sidor om mittsparet. Andsparen hâlla var och en av arbetskanalerna i styrventilerna i forbindelse med motsvarande kanaler 97, da slidema befinna sig i neutrallage, sasom dr fat-let vid styrventilen 153. Fig. 6 shows how a distributor valve 18 of the type described in connection with Figs. 1-4 can be used to control two single-acting hydraulic cylinders 151 and 152 under the influence of control valves 153 and 154 for the cylinders. The same control valve 19 is used in this plant for the above-mentioned purposes. However, the control valves are provided with slides 155 and 156, which not only have the wide, peripheral groove marking the valve slide 85 'intended to be used for single-acting hydraulic cylinders, but also have axially wide grooves on either side of the center groove. The spirit pairs hold each of the working channels in the control valves in connection with the corresponding channels 97, when the slides are in neutral position, such as the barrel at the control valve 153.

De bagge styrventilerna 153 och 154 visas mer eller mindre schematiskt vara av den typ, som sammankopplas till en sats och med en oppen mittkanal, som i ena anden star i forbindelse med en inloppsport 157 och i andra linden med en utloppsport 158, som star i fOrbindelse med ledningen 33 till behallaren genom en ledning 159. The ram control valves 153 and 154 are shown more or less schematically to be of the type which is connected to a batch and with an open central channel, which in one spirit is connected to an inlet port 157 and in the other winding to an outlet port 158, which is in Connection to line 33 to the container through line 159.

Inloppet 157 star naturligtvis i forbindelse med inloppskammaren 106 i regleringsventilen 19 genom en ledning 160, sasom har beskrivits ovan. Vidare visas en ledning 161, som forbinder nedstromsgrenen av den genomghende kanalen i styrventilen 153 med uppstromsgrenen av den genomgaende kanalen i styrventilen 154. Del ma emellertid framhallas, att i en ventilsats av denna typ den Oppna mittkanalens sistnaninda grenar sta i direkt fOrbindelse med varandra. The inlet 157 is of course connected to the inlet chamber 106 in the control valve 19 through a line 160, as described above. Furthermore, a conduit 161 is shown connecting the downstream branch of the through channel in the control valve 153 to the upstream branch of the through channel in the control valve 154. However, it should be pointed out that in a valve set of this type the last end branches of the open central channel are in direct communication with each other.

DA bagge ventilsliderna sta i sina neutrallagen, strOmmar oljan fran pumpen fritt genom regleringsventilens 19 hus och ledningen 160 till styrventilens 153 inlopp 157 och fortsatter genom den oppna mittkanalen, omf attande dess bagge grenar, 1 bagge styrventilerna 153 och 154 till returledningen 159. I franvaro av mottryck i tryckkammaren 106 kan harvid regleringsventilkroppen 35 hallos i sitt fOrbikopplande, Oppna lage genom trycket fran oljan fran pumpen i regleringsventilens 19 inloppskammare 30, medan nagon pumpad olja icke strommar till fordelarventilen 18. Om endera styrventilens ventilslid forskjutes at vanster fran neutrallaget till ett regleringslage, sasoni visas tmed ventilsliden 156, begransas tryckoljans node genom den oppna 9 mittkanalen och alstras ett visst mottryck tryekkammaren 106, sa att ventilkroppen 35 intar det delvis oppna, visade laget. Da. ventilsliderna sta i sina visade lagen, strommar en reglerad mangd olja fran pumpen genom huvudledningen 27 till fordelarventilens inlopp 28 for att ledas till cylinderns 152 port genom kanalen 41' i fOrdelarventilen pa det forst beskrivna sattet. Harvid satter en ledning 162 inloppsventilkroppens 46 tryckkammare i forbindelse med styrventilens 154 utloppskanal 95, sá att tryckolja, som intrader I fOrdelarventilen kan lyfta inloppsventilkroppen 46 fran dess sate och strOmma genom kanalen 41' till cylindern 152. Den andra inloppsventilkroppen 45 och de bagge utloppsventilkropparna 47 och 48 hallas samtidigt hart tryckta mot sina saten av sina drivdon, eftersom deras kamrar 60 hallas under tryck ph ett sat, som kommer att beskrivas narmare i det foljande. When the ram valve slides are in their neutral layers, the oil flows from the pump freely through the control valve housing 19 and the line 160 to the inlet 157 of the control valve 153 and continues through the open central channel, including its ram branches, 1 ram control valves 153 and 154 to the return line 159. In the absence of counter pressure in the pressure chamber 106, the control valve body 35 can be held in its bypass. Open through the pressure of the oil from the pump in the inlet chamber 30 of the control valve 19, while no pumped oil flows to the distributor valve 18. If either control valve valve slide is shifted to the control valve , sasoni is shown with the valve slide 156, the node of the pressure oil is limited by the open middle channel and a certain back pressure is generated in the pressure chamber 106, so that the valve body 35 occupies the partially open, shown layer. Yes. the valve slides stand in their shown layers, a controlled amount of oil flows from the pump through the main line 27 to the inlet valve inlet 28 to be led to the port of the cylinder 152 through the channel 41 'in the manifold valve in the manner first described. In this case, a line 162 connects the pressure chamber of the inlet valve body 46 in connection with the outlet channel 95 of the control valve 154 so that pressure oil entering the manifold valve can lift the inlet valve body 46 from its seat and flow through the channel 41 'to the cylinder 152. and 48 are simultaneously held hard against their satin by their actuators, as their chambers 60 are held under pressure ph a sat, which will be described in more detail below.

Da endera styrventilens ventilslid forskjutes fran neutrallaget till ett lage, dar den heft eller delvis blockerar den oppna mittkanalen, verkar det mottryck, so mbygges upp i hjalpledningen 160, i bagge styrventilernas kanaler 97 och aven i alla arbetskanaler 91', 92', som da stâ i ftirbindelse med dessa kanaler. Om salunda ventilsliden 155 star i neutrallage och sliden 156 forskjutes till sitt vanstra, visade arbetslage, bygges tryck upp i alla arbetskanaler i styrventilerna med undantag for styrventilens 154 kanal 91', som genom sin ventilslid star i forbindelse med utloppskanalen 95. As either of the control valve valve slides is displaced from the neutral layer to a layer where it adheres or partially blocks the open central channel, a counterpressure acts, which builds up in the auxiliary line 160, in the rear control valve channels 97 and also in all working channels 91 ', 92'. are connected to these channels. If the valve slide 155 is in the neutral position and the slide 156 is displaced to its left, shown working position, pressure builds up in all working channels in the control valves with the exception of the channel 91 'of the control valve 154, which through its valve slide communicates with the outlet channel 95.

Lampliga ledningar 165, 166 och 167 samverka med ventilsliderna for selektiv paverkan av endera av de hydrauliska cylindrama under styrning med motsvarande styrventil. Ledningen 165 bildar i sjalva verket en del av hjalptillforselledningens ledning 160 och dess grenar 166 och 167 mynna 1 styrventilernas kanaler 97 genom backventilstyrda portar sasom enligt ovan. I en ventil i praktiken kornmer styrventilens 153 inlopp 157 att vara forbundet med en fordelarledning 168, som stracker sig nedat genom de med varandra hopbyggda bagge styrventilerna. Inloppskanalerna aro vidare forbundna med en huvudledning 169 inuti ventilmekanismerna, ehuru den bar visas som en ledning, som är forbnuden med returledningen 159 och salunda med ledningen 33 till behallaren. Lamp conduits 165, 166 and 167 cooperate with the valve slides for selective actuation of either of the hydraulic cylinders under control with the corresponding control valve. The line 165 in fact forms part of the line 160 of the auxiliary supply line and its branches 166 and 167 open into the channels 97 of the control valves through non-return valve-controlled ports as above. In a valve in practice, the inlet 157 of the control valve 153 is to be connected to a distributor line 168, which extends downwards through the ram control valves assembled together. The inlet ducts are further connected to a main conduit 169 within the valve mechanisms, although it is shown as a conduit connected to the return conduit 159 and thus to the conduit 33 to the container.

Det torde vara uppenbart, att bagge styrventilernas 153 och 154 ventilslider kunna fOrskjutas till vanster om neutrallaget for utskjutning av kolvstangen i motsvarande hydrauliska cylinder 151 och 152 med en hastighet, som regleras med regleringsventilkroppen 35. Vardera styrventilens ventilslid kan liven forskjutas till hoger om neutrallaget fOr indragning av motsvarande cylinders kolvstang med en hastighet, som regleras av motsvarande utloppsventilkropp 47 eller 48. It should be apparent that the valve slides of the control valves 153 and 154 can be displaced to the left of the neutral layer for ejection of the piston rod in the corresponding hydraulic cylinders 151 and 152 at a speed controlled by the control valve body 35. Each control valve valve slide can be shifted slightly to the right. retraction of the piston rod of the corresponding cylinder at a speed controlled by the corresponding outlet valve body 47 or 48.

Eftersom bagge styrventilernas kanaler 97 sta under tryck, da endera sliden forskjutes till ett arbetslage, är det uppenbart, att de bagge styrventilerna aro kopplade parallellt, sa att bagge cylindrarna kunna paverkas samtidigt med motsvarande styrventiler. Since the channels 97 of the ram control valves are under pressure, as either slide is displaced to a working position, it is obvious that the ram control valves are connected in parallel, so that the ram cylinders can be actuated simultaneously with the corresponding control valves.

Anordningen enligt fig. 7 omfattar en styrventilmekanism, vilken lampar sig for att styra tva dubbelverkande cylindrar 171 och 172. Verkningssattet torde vara uppenbart med hansyn till likheten med systemet enligt fig. 1 och 2, eftersom det huvudsakligen utgor en fOrdubbling av styrventilerna och fordelarventilerna. Styrventilen 173 styr en fordelarventil 171 for maniivrering av cylindern 171, medan. styrventilen 176 styr en fordelarventil 175 fOr reglering av cylindern 172. Aven i detta fall aro styrventilerna kopplade parallellt genom en ledning 178, som star i forbindelse med deras kanaler 97. Slidema 177 likna sliderna i ventilerna enligt fig. 6. Styrventilernas utloppskanaler 95 aro forbundna med en ledning 179, som star i forbindelse med ledningen 33 till behallaren och med styrventilmekanismens utlopp 158. The device according to Fig. 7 comprises a control valve mechanism, which lights up to control two double-acting cylinders 171 and 172. The mode of operation should be obvious with regard to the similarity with the system according to Figs. 1 and 2, since it essentially doubles the control valves and the distributor valves. The control valve 173 controls a distributor valve 171 for operating the cylinder 171, while. the control valve 176 controls a distributor valve 175 for regulating the cylinder 172. Also in this case the control valves are connected in parallel by a line 178, which is connected to their channels 97. The slides 177 are similar to the slides in the valves according to Fig. 6. The control channels' outlet channels 95 are connected with a line 179, which communicates with the line 33 to the container and with the outlet 158 of the control valve mechanism.

I fig. 7 visas emellertid en nagot modifierad regleringsventil 180, dar ventilkroppen 181 aven verkar som en. sakerhetsventil, som kan forskjutas till ett Oppet forbikopplingslage lyft fran sitt sate 34 till folid av lyftning av en styrande tallriksventil 182 i regleringsvenfilm Eftersom regleringsventilen 180 arbetar pa det salt, som liar beskrivits 1 den amerikanska patentskriften (p.ans. 202 508), och i de fiesta avseenden är konstruerad pa samma satt som den dar visade ventilen, hanvisas till namnda patentskrift for fullstandig beskrivning. Det torde darfor vara tillrackligt att har papeka, att den bagarformiga regleringsventilkroppen 181 under tatning kan forskjutas Over en cylindrisk styrtapp 183 pa undersidan av ett lock 184, som är fast pa oversidan av ventilhuset 185. Huset har en urborming 186, vars diameter är avsevart st8rre an ventilkroppens och som standigt star i forbindelse med forbikopplingsledningen 32 samt är sluten i ovre anden med locket 184. Urborrningens 186 nedre dude mynnar i inloppskammaren 30 genom ett uppatvant, ringformigt yentilsate 34, mot vilket ventilkroppens satesyta. 187 verkar, dá fOrbikopplingsledningen 32 dr stangd. However, Fig. 7 shows a slightly modified control valve 180, where the valve body 181 also acts as one. safety valve, which can be displaced to an open bypass layer, lifted from its seat 34 to the fold by lifting a control poppet valve 182 in the control valve film. Since the control valve 180 operates on the salt described in U.S. Pat. No. 202,508, and in most respects is constructed in the same way as the valve shown there, reference is made to the said patent specification for complete description. It should therefore be sufficient to point out that the bag-shaped control valve body 181 can be displaced during sealing over a cylindrical guide pin 183 on the underside of a cover 184, which is fixed on the upper side of the valve housing 185. The housing has a bore 186, the diameter of which is considerably larger of the valve body and which is permanently connected to the bypass line 32 and is closed in the upper spirit with the lid 184. The lower dude of the bore 186 opens into the inlet chamber 30 through an upwardly projecting, annular valve stem 34, against which the valve surface of the valve body. 187 works, when the bypass line 32 dr closed.

Ett ror 188 stracker sig genom ventilkroppens 181 nedre ande och är forskjutbart i axialled i forhallande till ventilkroppen for att bilda en kanal, genom vilken olja i in- loppskammaren 30 kan stromma till den ihaliga ventilkroppens hire eller kammaren 189 nedanfor styrtappens 183 nedre ande. En kanal 105 i styrtappen, vilken kanal star i forbindelse med kammaren 189 och mynnar ph lockets 184 utsida, Si forbunden med styrventilens 173 inlopp 88 genom en ledning 190, sasom i den forst beskrivna utforingsformen, sit att en ringa mangd tryckolja kan ledas till styrventilen och installning av dennas ventilslid astadkom.ma ett mottryck, som erfordras i kammaren 189 for partiell eller fullstandig stangning av ventilkroppen 181. Ovanfor sin satesyta 187 ar ventilkroppen 181 vidgad for bildning av en periferisk, nedatvand avsats 187', pa vilken tryckoljan i fdrbikopplingsledningen 32 kan utova ett tryck, vilket dr tillrackligt for att oppna forbikopplingsventilen, da trycket i inloppskammaren sjunker under trycket i behallaren. Detta itr naturligtvis fallet, dit risk foreligger for uppkomst av undertryck i en cylinder, som matas med olja fran pumpen, sit att oljan fran behallarea kan stromma baklanges genom forbikopplingsventilen till inloppskammaren och sedan till huvudledningen fOr att Oka oljeflodet frail pumpen till cylindern. A tube 188 extends through the lower end of the valve body 181 and is axially displaceable in relation to the valve body to form a channel through which oil in the inlet chamber 30 can flow to the hollow valve body or chamber 189 below the lower end of the guide pin 183. A channel 105 in the guide pin, which channel communicates with the chamber 189 and opens the outside of the ph lid 184, is connected to the inlet 88 of the guide valve 173 through a line 190, as in the first described embodiment, where a small amount of pressure oil can be led to the control valve. and installation of its valve slide provides a back pressure required in the chamber 189 for partial or complete closing of the valve body 181. Above its seat surface 187 the valve body 181 is widened to form a peripheral, downwater ledge 187 'on which the pressure oil in the bypass line 32 can exert a pressure, which is sufficient to open the bypass valve, as the pressure in the inlet chamber drops below the pressure in the container. This is, of course, the case where there is a risk of negative pressure in a cylinder fed with oil from the pump, since the oil from the tank area can flow backwards through the bypass valve to the inlet chamber and then to the main line to increase the oil flow from the pump to the cylinder.

Ventiltallriken 182 styr en ventilationskanal for kammaren 189, vilken kanal stracker sig uppat genom styrtappens 183 botten och mynnar i dess halrum 191 genom ett ringformigt ventilsate 192, mot vilket ventiltallriken normalt anligger. Ett radiellt hal 193 i styrtappens 183 sida salter tappens inre i forbindelse med utrymmet i den urborrning, som omger ventilkroppen 181, och salun.da med forbikopplingsledningen, sit att kammaren 189 i ventilkroppen ventileras till forbikopplingsledningen, da ventiltallriken 182 oppnas. Da sit sker, avlastas mottrycket i kammaren 189 och lyftes ventilkroppen 181 fran sitt sate till sitt Ovre fOrbikopplingslage. The valve plate 182 controls a ventilation duct for the chamber 189, which channel extends upwards through the bottom of the guide pin 183 and opens into its cavity 191 through an annular valve seat 192, against which the valve plate normally abuts. A radial hall 193 in the side of the guide pin 183 salts the interior of the pin in connection with the space in the bore surrounding the valve body 181, and salutes with the bypass line, that the chamber 189 in the valve body is vented to the bypass line when the valve plate 182 is opened. As it sits, the back pressure in the chamber 189 is relieved and the valve body 181 is lifted from its seat to its upper bypass position.

Tallriksventilen 182 star under inverkan av det tryck, som racier i kammaren 189 och dammed aven trycket pa oljan fran pumpen i inloppskammaren 30. Den lyftes frail sitt sate mot verkan av sin fjader 194, dit oljetrycket i kamrarna 30 och 189 nar en forutbestamd, ovre grans, sit att pumpen avlastas. The poppet valve 182 is under the influence of the pressure which races in the chamber 189 and also dams the pressure of the oil from the pump in the inlet chamber 30. It is lifted from its seat against the action of its spring 194, where the oil pressure in the chambers 30 and 189 reaches a predetermined, upper grans, sit that the pump is relieved.

Fordelarventilerna 174 och 175 innehalla parvis anordnade inlopps- och utloppsventilkroppar, vilka kunna vara identiska med de ovan beskrivna. Sasom emellertid visas i fig. 8 aro endast inloppsventilkroppama 45 och 46 av samma typ som de ovan beskrivna, medan en viss forhattrad reglering av oljeutflOdet frail cylindrarna 171 och 172 uppnas med utloppsventilkroppar 200 och 201 av flagon annan konstruktion, som skall beskrivas narmare i del fOljande. The manifold valves 174 and 175 contain paired inlet and outlet valve bodies, which may be identical to those described above. However, as shown in Fig. 8, only the inlet valve bodies 45 and 46 are of the same type as those described above, while a certain hated control of the oil outflow from the cylinders 171 and 172 is achieved with outlet valve bodies 200 and 201 of flake other construction, to be described in more detail in part following.

Sasom styrventilemas hus kunna fordelarventilemas 174 och 175 hus vara utforda att byggas ihop till en sats med en gemensam tillforselledning 202, som mynnar i mellandelen av urborrningen 50 och Si anordnad att forbindas med huvudledningen 27, och en gemensam utloppsledning 203, som är anordnad centrait mellan de bagge utloppsventilkropparna och anordnad att sattas i fiirbindelse med huvudutloppsledningen 38. Med hansyn till Overskadligheten visas de bagge omkopplingsventilerna 174 och 175 skilda at i fig. 7, dar en avgrening 27' fran huvudledningen 27 dr forbunden med ett inlopp i vardera ventilen, och en gren 38' till huvudutloppsledningen visas forbunden med varje fordelarventils utlopp. Like the housing of the control valves, the housing of the distributor valves 174 and 175 may be challenged to be assembled into a set with a common supply line 202, which opens into the middle part of the bore 50 and Si arranged to be connected to the main line 27, and a common outlet line 203, which is arranged centrally between the ram outlet valve bodies and arranged to be connected to the main outlet line 38. In view of the Transparency, the ram switch valves 174 and 175 are shown separately in Fig. 7, where a branch 27 'from the main line 27 is connected to an inlet in each valve, and a branch 38 'to the main outlet line is shown connected to the outlet of each manifold valve.

Sasom enligt ovan sta. kanaler 205 och 206 vardera ventilens hus i forbindelse med arbetsportar 40 och 41, som ha delar gemensamma med bade huvudinloppsledningen 27 och huvudutloppsledningen 38. I detta fall mynna emellertid kanalerna 205 och 206 upptill i arbetsportarna 40 och 41, medan deras nedre andar a.ro fOrstallda ett stycke fran varandra, sit att vardera ligger mellan inre anden av motsvarande utloppsventilkropp 200 och 201 och utloppshuvudledningen 203. As stated above. channels 205 and 206 each have the valve housing in connection with working ports 40 and 41, which have parts in common with both the main inlet line 27 and the main outlet line 38. In this case, however, the channels 205 and 206 open at the top of the working ports 40 and 41, while their lower spirits a.ro They are spaced apart, each lying between the inner spirit of the corresponding outlet valve body 200 and 201 and the outlet main line 203.

De urborrningar 60, som bilda tryckkamrar i ventilkropparnas ihaliga, yttre delar mynna Mat i motsatta grenar 207 och 208 av en U-formig utloppskanal 209, som star i fOrbindelse med utloppshuvudledningen 203. De bagge grenarna stit i sin tur i forbindelse med de inat forstallda nedre andarna av kanalerna 205 och 206 genom ringformiga ventilsaten 51 vid yttre anden av korta hal 210, som dro koaxiella med urborrningarna 60. Sasom enligt ovan ha utloppsventilkropparna hopdragna, reglerande andar 211, som passa lost i Men 210 och skjuta in fran den periferiska, mot satet verkande avsatsen 212. The bores 60, which form pressure chambers in the hollow, outer parts of the valve bodies, open Mat in opposite branches 207 and 208 of a U-shaped outlet channel 209, which is connected to the outlet main line 203. The ram branches are in turn connected to the previously formed ones. the lower spirits of the channels 205 and 206 through the annular valve sets 51 at the outer spirit of the short hall 210, which pulled coaxially with the bores 60. As above, the outlet valve bodies have contracted, regulating spirits 211, which fit loosely in the Men 210 and project from the peripheral, anti-satin ledge 212.

Tranga koaxiella kanaler 214 genom ventilkropparnas 200 och 201 hopdragna, inre ande fylla samma uppgift som de radiella Hien i de ovan beskrivna ventilkropparnas sidor. Ventilkropparn.a 200 och 201 likna salunda i viss grad regleringsventilkroppen 35 enligt den forst beskrivna utforingsformen av uppfinningen. Narrow coaxial channels 214 through the contracted inner spirit of the valve bodies 200 and 201 fulfill the same function as the radial Hien in the sides of the valve bodies described above. The valve bodies 200 and 201 thus resemble to some extent the control valve body 35 according to the first described embodiment of the invention.

I de fordelarventiler 174 och 175, som visas i fig. 7 och 8, aro alla utloppsventilkroppar 200 och 201 anordnade attllas i anliggning mot sina saten genom inverkan av tryckolj a i deras ihaliga inre, vilken olja tillfOres genom motsvarande kanal 205 och 206 genom den tranga axiella kanalen 214 i ventilkroppens hopdragna, inre ande. Detta mojliggores genom att de ytor pa ventilkropparna, som aro vanda utat, ha stone area an ytan pa utsidan av kropparnas hopdragna, inre dude. In the manifold valves 174 and 175 shown in Figs. 7 and 8, all the outlet valve bodies 200 and 201 are arranged to abut their sates by the action of pressure oil in their hollow interior, which oil is supplied through corresponding channels 205 and 206 through the narrow axial channel 214 in the contracted inner spirit of the valve body. This is made possible by the fact that the surfaces of the valve bodies which are welded outwards have a stone area on the surface of the contracted, inner dude of the bodies.

Ii Av denna orsak behova ventilkroppama 200 och 201 icke nagra kolvliknande drivdon for att hallas stangda, varfor organ 62' -utformade som de ovan beskrivna drivdonen aro fasta i yttre delen av kamrarna 60. I detta fall har emellertid vane organ 62' ett vidgat huvud 195 i sin yttre ande i en urborrning 196, vilken bildar en vidgning av kammaren 60 vid yttre linden, varvid huvudet är inspant mellan motsvarande platta 61 och bottnen av den vidgade delen for att hada organet mot axiell rorelse. I alla ovriga hanseenden aro organen 62' identiska med de ovan beskrivna drivdonen 62. For this reason, the valve bodies 200 and 201 do not need any piston-like actuators to be held closed, so that means 62 '-shaped as the actuators described above are fixed in the outer part of the chambers 60. In this case, however, habit means 62' have a widened head. 195 in its outer spirit in a bore 196, which forms a widening of the chamber 60 at the outer spindle, the head being clamped between the corresponding plate 61 and the bottom of the widened part to keep the member against axial movement. In all other male respects, the means 62 'are identical to the drives 62 described above.

Sasom liar namnts ovan omfattar anordningen enligt fig. 7 och 8 parallellkopplade styventiler 173 och 176, vilka mojliggora selektiv eller samtidig aktivering av de hydrauliska cylindrarna 171 och 172. Da styrventilens 176 slid star i sitt neutrallage och styrventilens 173 slid forskjutes till ett arbetslage till vanster om sift neutral- eller hall-lage sasom visas i fig. 7, Oppnas inloppsventilkroppen 45 och utloppsventilkroppen 201 i f5rdelarventilen 174, se fig. 8, medan alla &riga ventilkroppar i bagge fordelarventilerna hallas sakert mot sina saten. Detta beror pa att ventilkropparnas 45 och 201 tryckkamrar ventileras till utloppskanalen 95 i styrventilen 173, medan de aterstaende ventilkropparnas kamrar sta i forbindelse med kanalerna 97 i de bagge styrventilerna och salunda sta under tryck, sa att backventilkulorna 79 i utloppsventilen 200 och de bagge aterstaende utloppsventilerna, anligga mot sina saten. Cylinderns 171 kolvstang skjutes salunda ut, medan cylinderns 172 star stilla. Cylindern 172 kan emellertid ocksA. paverkas samtidigt genom forskjutning av dess styrventils 176 ventilslid fran det visade neutrallaget. As mentioned above, the device according to Figs. 7 and 8 comprises parallel-connected control valves 173 and 176, which enable selective or simultaneous activation of the hydraulic cylinders 171 and 172. Since the slide of the control valve 176 is in its neutral position and the slide of the control valve 173 is shifted to a working position to the left If the sieve neutral or hall bearing is as shown in Fig. 7, the inlet valve body 45 and the outlet valve body 201 are opened in the manifold valve 174, see Fig. 8, while all other valve bodies in the ram manifold valves are held securely against their sates. This is because the pressure chambers of the valve bodies 45 and 201 are vented to the outlet duct 95 in the control valve 173, while the chambers of the remaining valve bodies are connected to the channels 97 in the rear control valves and thus under pressure, so that the non-return valve balls 79 in the outlet valve 200 and the rear rear valve , abide against their saten. The piston rod of the cylinder 171 is thus pushed out, while the cylinder 172 stands still. However, the cylinder 172 can alsoA. is simultaneously affected by displacement of its control valve 176 valve slide from the shown neutral layer.

Aven i detta fall kan regleringsventilen 180 leda en del av oljan frau pumpen forbi huvudledningen, da bagge styrventilernas slider sta i sina neutrallagen, medan oljeflodet ledes till fordelarventilerna alltefter den grad, i vii-ken endar styrventilens ventilslid bromsar flodet av tryckolja genom den oppna mittkanalen. Returventilkropparna 200 och 201 kunna pa samma satt installas partiellt appna for att begransa flodet av tryckolja Fran endera cylindern 171 och 172 i en grad, som är proportionell mot den mangd av olja, som Mr stromma genom ventilkropparnas ihaliga inre till styrventilernas utloppskanal 95, da styrventilernas slider befinna sig i regleringslage, sasom har beskrivits ovan. Also in this case, the control valve 180 can direct some of the oil from the pump past the main line, as the ram of the control valves slides in its neutral layers, while the oil flow is directed to the distributor valves according to the degree at which the valve valve slides brakes the flow of pressure oil through the open central channel. . The return valve bodies 200 and 201 can similarly be partially installed to limit the flow of pressure oil from either cylinder 171 and 172 to a degree proportional to the amount of oil flowing through the integral interior of the valve bodies to the outlet valve 95 of the control valves. sliders are in regulation law, as described above.

FOrdelarventilerna enligt foregaende utforingsformer kunna liven vara forsedda med utloppsventiler av den typ, som har visats fig. 7 och 8, eller kunna vara forsedda med organ 62, som hallas mot axiell rorelse, ph samma satt som organen 62' enligt fig. 8, sa att utloppsventilkropparna i och for sig kunna verka i motsvarighet till trycket vid vardera linden av dem. The manifold valves according to the preceding embodiments may be provided with outlet valves of the type shown in Figs. 7 and 8, or may be provided with means 62 which are inclined against axial movement, in the same manner as the means 62 'according to Fig. 8, said that the outlet valve bodies per se can act in correspondence with the pressure at each of their lindens.

En mycket viktig fordel med fordelarventilerna enligt fig. 8 är, att deras utloppsventiler liven aro anordnade att tjanstgora som antivakuum- eller antikavitationsventiler. Utloppsventilkroppen 200 Oppnas salunda till folk' av de krafter, som den avga.ende oljan i kanalen 209 utovar pa ventilkroppens inatvanda avsats 75, om trycket pa den tillforda oljan i kanalen 205 sjunker under trycket pa oijan i utloppskanalen 209. DA detta intraffar, strommar den utgaende oljan genom grenen 207 och den da oppna utloppsventilkroppen 200 till tillforselgrenledningen 205 for att oka flodet av olja till arbetsporten 40 och darmed till den hydrauliska cylinderns lagtrycksande for att med sakcrhet forhindra upptradande av vakuum i cylindern. Utloppsventilkroppen 201 arbetar pa samma satt och under de ovan beskrivna forhallandena, da. inloppsventilkroppen 46 Ur 8ppen och olja ledes till motorns andra ande fran arbetsporten 41. A very important advantage of the distributor valves according to Fig. 8 is that their outlet valves are arranged to serve as anti-vacuum or anti-cavitation valves. The outlet valve body 200 is thus opened to the people by the forces exerted by the effluent oil in the duct 209 on the inlet ledge 75 of the valve body, if the pressure of the supplied oil in the duct 205 drops below the pressure on the oil in the outlet duct 209. When this occurs, the outlet oil through the branch 207 and the then open outlet valve body 200 to the supply branch line 205 to increase the flow of oil to the working port 40 and thereby to the actuating pressure of the hydraulic cylinder to accurately prevent the appearance of vacuum in the cylinder. The outlet valve body 201 operates in the same manner and under the conditions described above, then. inlet valve body 46 From the 8pp and oil is led to the other spirit of the engine from the working port 41.

En annan viktig fordel med uppfinningen ar, att den kombinerade reglerings- och forbikopplingsventilen 180 aven kan tjanstgOra som ett organ for att forhindra vakuum eller undertryek, varigenom man uppnar ytterligare sakerhet mot bildning av tomrum eller brasor i en hydraulisk motor, som styres med ventilmekanismen. Detta beror pa det forhallandet, atL ett tryckfall i anden till en cylinder, som matas med olja frail pumpen, da risk foreligger for uppkommande av vakuum i namnda ande av cylindern, resulterar i ett sankt mottryck pa ventilkroppens 180 inre ytor, sA att ventilkropparna bringas att Oppnas, da trycket vid pumpens utlopp och armed aven i ventilernas inloppskamrar 30 sjunker under trycket pA oljan i forbikopplingsledningen 32. Den avgaende oljan i forbikopplingsledningen 32 utovar naturligtvis standigt en Oppnande kraft ph ventilkroppens avsats 187'. Denna oppnande kraft overvinnes nor-malt av den stangande kraft, som utOvas pa ventilkroppen av mottrycket i dess hire. DA trycket emellertid sjunker i regleringsventilens inloppskammare 30, sjunker ocksa det mottryck, som utnyttjas for att halla ventilkroppen helt eller atminstone delvis stangd, varvid ventilkroppen Oppnas pA det ovan beskrivna sattet. Harigenom kan oljan i behallaren stromma baklanges genom f8rbikopplingsledningen 32 till regleringsventilens inloppskammare 30 och sedan till huvudledningen 27 for att Oka flodet fran pumpens 12 trycksida till motorn och forhin.dra upptra.- dandet av blasor. Another important advantage of the invention is that the combined control and bypass valve 180 can also serve as a means for preventing vacuum or negative pressure, thereby achieving additional safety against the formation of voids or fires in a hydraulic motor, which is controlled by the valve mechanism. This is due to the fact that a pressure drop in the spirit of a cylinder, which is fed with oil from the pump, as there is a risk of a vacuum forming in said spirit of the cylinder, results in a gentle back pressure on the inner surfaces of the valve body 180, so that the valve bodies are brought to open, as the pressure at the pump outlet and the arm in the valve inlet chambers 30 fall below the pressure of the oil in the bypass line 32. The effluent oil in the bypass line 32 naturally exerts a rising force on the valve body ledge 187 '. This opening force is normally overcome by the striking force exerted on the valve body by the back pressure in its hire. However, when the pressure drops in the inlet chamber 30 of the control valve, the back pressure used to keep the valve body completely or at least partially closed also drops, the valve body being opened in the manner described above. As a result, the oil in the tank can flow backwards through the bypass line 32 to the inlet chamber 30 of the control valve and then to the main line 27 to increase the flow from the pressure side of the pump 12 to the motor and prevent the occurrence of blisters.

Av (let- foreghende framgar for en fackman, att man genom uppfirtningen erhalles en. mycket forbattrad manoveranordning med ea utomordentligt liten och lattinstalld styrventil, som kan exakt reglera hastigheten och verkningsriktningen for de av anordningen styrda tryckfluidumdrivna motorerna. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the invention provides a highly improved control device with an extremely small and easy-to-install control valve which can precisely control the speed and direction of action of the pressure fluid driven motors controlled by the device.

Claims

Patent claim

A control valve device for a fluid motor (10) connected over feed and outlet valves (45-48) controlled by pre-control valve (20), can be determined by arranging a bypass line (32) between a main supply line (27) and a pressure medium drain (12) with a metering valve (19) fully opened in a neutral layer of the interlock valve (20) by the supply pressure, which of the interlock valve (20) receives a counterpressure acting in the closing direction and said control proportional to increase the pressure medium supply in the main supply line by throttling the bypass line (32). (27). -

Control valve device according to claim 1, characterized in that the interlock valve (20) is constituted by a slide valve, which in neutral position gives a free flow and which for the slide parts which in working position prevent free flow, has dosing savings (102). Control valve device according to claims 1-2, characterized in that the pressure medium supply line (104) to the pre-control valve. (20) is connected to a counterpressure chamber (106) projecting in the closing direction in the valve body (35) of the metering valve (19).

Control valve device according to claims 1-3, characterized in that the supply of the control valve (20) takes place via a throttle body (107) passing through the valve body (35) of the metering valve (19).

Control valve device according to claims 1-4, characterized in that the valve body (35) in the dosing valve (19) is biased in the closing direction by a spring (108).

Control valve device according to claims 1-5, characterized in that it wades towards the back pressure chamber (106) the surface of the valve body (35) in the dosing valve. (19) is larger than. the exposed surface exposed to the feed pressure.

Control valve device according to claims 1-6, characterized in that the dosing valve (180) is also designed as a safety valve (180), which at a supply pressure below the drain pressure opens the bypass line (32).

Control valve device according to claims 1-7, can be decoupled by a supply pressure-exposed, spring-loaded overpressure or safety valve (114, 115, 120), which, when a predetermined pressure is exceeded, connects the counter-pressure chamber (106) of the metering valve (19) to the bypass line. (32) and consequently completely opens the dosing valve, sh lange an overpressure consists.

8. Control valve device according to claims 1-8, characterized in that the supply and outlet valves consist of spring-loaded reduction valves (45-48), which can be kept in the closing layer with maneuvering pressure input from the pre-control valve.

Control valve device according to claims 1-9, characterized in that actuating pistons (62) are arranged behind the supply and outlet valves (45-48) in the valve closing direction, the actuating cylinders (60) being fed from the pre-regulating valve (20).

Control valve device according to claim 10, characterized in that the feed and outlet valves (45-48) have cap-shaped valve bodies, which are telescopically controlled on the actuating pistons (62) arranged therewith and are expanded in the closing direction with an intermediate compression spring (66).

Control valve device according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that each of the inner spaces of the valve bodies (45-48), in which the pressure springs (66) are arranged, has a channel (76), which leads to the associated motor line (40, 41) .

Control valve device according to claims 9-12, characterized in that the surfaces of the feed and outlet valves (45-48) acting in the closing direction are stone on the surfaces acting in the opening direction.

Control valve device according to claims 1-13, characterized in that the inner space of the outlet valve bodies (47, 48) via non-return valve (79) sparing at the closing outlet valve is connected to the associated actuating cylinder (60).

Control valve device for two-sided cylinder according to patent claims 1-14, characterized in that between the pre-control valve (20) and the motor (10) is arranged a reversing device (18) formed by two supply and two outlet valves (45-48), the actuating lines ( 69, 70; 72, 73) are cross-linked.

Control valve device according to claim 15, characterized in that the reversing valve (18) has two bores (50, 52) formed in parallel in relation to each other for the supply and outlet valves (45-1348), one of which (50) is connected to the main supply line (27) and the second (52) with the outlet line (38), and that at right angles thereto in the plane of the parallel bores (50, 52) two motor connection channels (40 ', 41') are arranged parallel to each other, which they had the bores (50, 52) and are designed as valve sets at the intersection points.

Control valve device according to claim 116, characterized in that in the pre-control valve (20) the slide parts (60) enabling the slide parts in the working connection to the actuating cylinders (60) of the supply and outlet valves (45-48) have dosing pairs (102).

Control valve device according to claims 1-17, characterized in that overpressure valves (124) are arranged between the lines (91, 92) of the pre-control valve (20) to the actuating cylinders (60) and the outlet (95).

Control valve device according to patent claim 18, characterized in that the pressure relief valves (124) are arranged in the pre-control valve housing (83).

Control valve device according to patent claims 1-19, characterized in that a plurality of interconnecting pre-control valves (153, 154) and motors (151, 152) are associated with a common dosing valve (19). Request publications: