SE202222C1 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- SE202222C1 SE202222C1 SE202222DA SE202222C1 SE 202222 C1 SE202222 C1 SE 202222C1 SE 202222D A SE202222D A SE 202222DA SE 202222 C1 SE202222 C1 SE 202222C1
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- copper
- chloride
- copper oxide
- reaction
- oxide
- Prior art date
Links
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Cu]Cl ORTQZVOHEJQUHG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 15
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001514 alkali metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001510 metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005752 Copper oxychloride Substances 0.000 claims 1
- HKMOPYJWSFRURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloro hypochlorite;copper Chemical compound [Cu].ClOCl HKMOPYJWSFRURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FQNIKWQTRBPQLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L [C].[Cu](Cl)Cl Chemical class [C].[Cu](Cl)Cl FQNIKWQTRBPQLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001617 alkaline earth metal chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000766754 Agra Species 0.000 description 1
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PUQDNLJWZWZQFI-UHFFFAOYSA-M [Cu+]=O.[Cl-] Chemical compound [Cu+]=O.[Cl-] PUQDNLJWZWZQFI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003708 ampul Substances 0.000 description 1
- OEGYSQBMPQCZML-UHFFFAOYSA-M azanium;copper(1+);carbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cu+].[O-]C([O-])=O OEGYSQBMPQCZML-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002090 carbon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
- C22B15/0026—Pyrometallurgy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Description
Uppfinnare: R E Cecil och C M McFarland Prioritet begard fran den 2 fanuari 1963 (USA) Denna uppfinning hanfor sig till en process for samtidig reduktion och rening av kopparoxid fOr att erhalla koppar av atminstone tillracklig renhet for elektriska anvandningsomraden, reningsproceduren utfores vid temperaturer under kopparens smaltpunkt. Inventors: RE Cecil and CM McFarland Priority Required from January 2, 1963 (USA) This invention relates to a process for simultaneous reduction and purification of copper oxide to obtain copper of at least sufficient purity for electrical applications, the purification procedure is carried out at temperatures below the melting point of copper. .
Reduktionen av kopparoxid med koks eller trakol (kol) i en smaltugn med luftb15.ster var en av de tidiga tillverkningssatt, som utvecklats lean framstallning av metallisk koppar. Under de senaste Ewen ha tva processer uppskisserats, vilka innebara reduktion av kopparoxid medelst reaktioner med kol. I en process blandas koks och kalk med kopparklorurmalmkoneentrat och undergar reaktionen i en roterande ugn. Denna process ãr ineffektiv som reningsprocess och den reducerade kopparn maste raffineras hetta for att erhalla det nadvandiga laga innehallet av fororeningar. The reduction of copper oxide with coke or charcoal (coal) in a smelting furnace with airb15.ster was one of the early manufacturing methods, which developed lean production of metallic copper. During the last Ewen, two processes have been outlined, which involved reduction of copper oxide by means of reactions with carbon. In one process, coke and lime are mixed with copper chloride ore concentrate and undergo the reaction in a rotary kiln. This process is inefficient as a purification process and the reduced copper must be refined in heat to obtain the present low content of contaminants.
Den andra nya prosessen anvander koks och vanligt salt. Detta är en process for behandling av rá oxid, karbonat- och silikatmalmer innehallande koppar for att g8ra dem anpassade f8r anrikning genom urlakning eller flotation. Malmen krossas till 10 mesh (1,655 mm fri maskvidd i sãllet, Tylorsoch blandas med en liten kvantitet koks och vanligt salt. Blandningen far passera genom en utifran upphettad ugn med neutral eller reducerande atmosfar vidmakthallen i uppvarmnings- och avkylningszonerna. Under varmebehandlingen extraheras kopparhalten fran malmen och avsatter sig pa kokspartiklarna som metallisk koppar. Den avskilda kopparen bestar av partiklar mindre an 0,001 ram, som synes vara ytterst svara att separera och pa sâ satt WIvaratagas. The second new process uses coke and common salt. This is a process for treating raw oxide, carbonate and silicate ores containing copper to make them suitable for enrichment by leaching or flotation. The ore is crushed to 10 mesh (1,655 mm free mesh in the sieve, Tylorso and mixed with a small quantity of coke and ordinary salt. The mixture is passed through an externally heated oven with a neutral or reducing atmosphere in the heating and cooling zones. The separated copper consists of particles smaller than 0.001 frame, which appear to be extremely difficult to separate and thus WIvaratagas.
Det är ett syftemal med denna uppfinning att framlagga en metod for rening av koppar, som utnyttjar kol som reduktionsmedel Uppfinningen hanfor Sig till en metod for reducering av kopparoxid till metallisk koppar, innefattan.de framstallning av en reak, tionsblandning med de aktiva bestandsdelar-, na kol, kopparoxid och en inetallklorid, utvald bland alkalimetallklorider och alkaliska j ordartsmetallers klorider, och upphettning av reaktionsblandningen till hog temperatur under kopparens smaltpankt 1 tillrackligt Jan% tid fOr de aktiva bestandsdelarnas reaktiOn,och reduktion av kopparoxiden till metallisk koppar, Oak kannetecknas av, att n5.mnda rektionsblaudning fran borjan dessutom innehak ler kopparklorid och/eller kopparexidklarld. It is an object of this invention to provide a method for purifying copper which uses carbon as a reducing agent. carbon, copper oxide and a metal chloride selected from alkali metal chlorides and alkaline earth metal chlorides, and heating the reaction mixture to a high temperature below the melting point of the copper 1 sufficient Jan% time for the reaction of the active ingredients, and reducing the copper oxide, that n5.mnda reaction bleeding from the beginning also contains copper chloride and / or copper oxide clar.
Denna reduktion av antingen kopparoxidn1 eller kopparoxid vid temperaturer under kopparens smaltpunkt (1083° C) anvander kol som reduktionsmedel. This reduction of either copper oxide or copper oxide at temperatures below the melting point of copper (1083 ° C) uses carbon as a reducing agent.
Termen kopparklorid, som anvandes i dn-.na ansokan, innefattar kopparoxidklorid och beslaktade foreningar, som vid upphettning giva kopparklorid. Kopparkloriden är vãsent- hgatt mojliggora den forhandenvarande processen att astadkomma rening av kopparen, dft derma reduceras fran det oxidiska tilL det metalliska tillstandet. Det är ocksa ytterligt betydelsefullt for att erhalla en gro*kristallinisk struktur pa kopparpartiklarna i stal-, let for en ytterst finbladig struktur. The term copper chloride, which is used in this application, includes copper oxide chloride and related compounds which, when heated, give copper chloride. The copper chloride is substantially capable of enabling the present process to effect purification of the copper, since it is reduced from the oxidic to the metallic state. It is also extremely important for obtaining a large crystalline structure on the copper particles in the steel for an extremely fine-leaf structure.
Processen kan utnyttja antingen kopparoxidul eller kopparoxid som utgangsmaterial, 2 men kopparcoddu ar att foredraga, dá rner metallisk koppar erhalles per enhet av ramaterialet, som insattes i blandningen for statsreaktionen. Jamfor, till exempel, fOljande reaktioner : lagda proceduren framstalles en blandning, I vilken petroleumkoks, natriumklorid, kopparklorur och kopparoxidul blandades i molara proportioner: (6 = okand overskottskvantitet av lost aminoniak). The process can use either copper oxide or copper oxide as a starting material, 2 but copper coddos are preferred, where metallic copper is obtained per unit of the raw material, which is used in the mixture for the state reaction. Compare, for example, the following reactions: the procedure laid down is a mixture in which petroleum coke, sodium chloride, copper chloride and copper oxide were mixed in molar proportions: (6 = unknown quantity of dissolved ammonia).
For att erhalla kopparoxidfallningen uppvarmes slutprodukten av ovanstaende reaktion, -(3), som visas i foljande reaktion (4). okand Overskottskvantitet av lost ammoniak). To obtain the copper oxide precipitate, the final product is heated by the above reaction, - (3), as shown in the following reaction (4). okand Excess quantity of lost ammonia).
Nagon kopparoxid erhalles tillika med kopparoxidulen, emedan otvivelaktigt 'Agra cupriaMinjOner Oro narvarande i den upphettade losningen., Kopparkloriden kan antingen yam narvarande som kopparklorur eller som kopparoxidklorid, som troligen forekommer i en av tva former: Vilken som heist av dessa tva. foreningar Or av den typ, som dissocierar och erbjuder en kalla av kopparklorid till reaktionsblandningen. Salunda innefattar s8kandens uppfinning dessa foreningar, vilka Oro dissocierbara och bilda kopparklorid och vilka icke innehalla andra imnen, som skadlig inverka pa reaktionsblandningen vid dissoeiationen. Some copper oxide is obtained as well as the copper oxide, because undoubtedly 'Agra cupriaMinjOner Concerns present in the heated solution. compounds Or of the type which dissociates and offers a cold of copper chloride to the reaction mixture. Thus, the applicant's invention encompasses those compounds which are dissociable and form copper chloride and which do not contain other substances which adversely affect the reaction mixture during the dissociation.
Sons nagra speciella exempel pi den fram Blandningen placerades i en glasampull for hag temperatur och varmebehandlades i 60 minuter vid 700° C, avkyldes sedan, krossades och-tvattades for att skilja kopparpulvret frau salterna. Pulvret erhallet fran denna behandling var grovt och kristalliniskt (med likstora axlar). Detta resultat visar, att tillsatsen av kopparklorid till en koks salt- kopparoxidblandning orsakar en ytterst betydande fOra.ndring av de fysikaliska egenskaperna hos reaktionsprodukten, vilket i hog grad minskar de tekniska svarigheterna att astadkomma en separering av kopparpulver och salter pa fysikalisk vag.. Temperaturomradet for utfor-andet av denna process stracker sig Iran c :a 600 till 775° C, det rekommenderade omradet stracker sig Iran c:a 700 till 775° C, da de vanliga kloriderna anvandas. Temperaturer utanfOr dessa omrAden aro antingen for laga f6r att bringa reaktionen att aga rum med en realistisk hastighet eller sa haga, att de resultera i en smaltning och/eller fOrflytande av nagra av ingredienserna. Some special examples in the front The mixture was placed in a glass ampoule at high temperature and heat treated for 60 minutes at 700 ° C, then cooled, crushed and washed to separate the copper powder from the salts. The powder obtained from this treatment was coarse and crystalline (with equal axes). This result shows that the addition of copper chloride to a coke salt-copper oxide mixture causes an extremely significant change in the physical properties of the reaction product, which greatly reduces the technical difficulties of achieving a separation of copper powder and salts on the physical surface. for carrying out this process, Iran extends about 600 to 775 ° C, the recommended range Iran extends about 700 to 775 ° C, when the usual chlorides are used. Temperatures outside these ranges are either too low to cause the reaction to take place at a realistic rate or so high that they result in a melting and / or liquefaction of some of the ingredients.
Derma kol-kopparkloridreduktionsprocess fOr att rena kopparoxid anvandes pa ett kopparkoncentrat erhallet genom ammoniumkarbonatlakning av skrot fran bilradiatorer. Metallinnehallet i detta koncentrat var 79,37 vikt-% koppar, 18,37 vikt-% zink och 2,26 vikt-% bly. En blandning gjordes used anvandning av delta koncentrat tillsammans med petroleumkoks och natriumklorid jamte kopparklorid i molara proportioner : I denna reaktion reagerade endast kolet och kopparoxiden, medan natrium- och kopparkloriden tjana som dispegerande amnen och flussmedel f8r att mojliggora, rekristallisalion av reducerad koppar. This carbon-copper chloride reduction process for purifying copper oxide was used on a copper concentrate obtained by ammonium carbonate leaching of scrap from car radiators. The metal content of this concentrate was 79.37% by weight of copper, 18.37% by weight of zinc and 2.26% by weight of lead. A mixture was made using delta concentrate together with petroleum coke and sodium chloride as well as copper chloride in molar proportions: In this reaction only the carbon and copper oxide reacted, while the sodium and copper chloride serve as dispensing substances and fluxes to enable recrystallization of reduced copper.
Den fardigstallda blandningen lick reagera 60 minuter vid 700° C, kyldes sedan, krossades och tvattades f Or att avlagsna f8roreningar och vattenlosliga salter. Det reducerade kopparpulvret visade sig vid kemisk analys av 0,06 % zink och vid spektrografisk analys ha mindre an 0,01 % bly. The prepared mixture was allowed to react for 60 minutes at 700 ° C, then cooled, crushed and washed to remove contaminants and water-soluble salts. The reduced copper powder was found by chemical analysis of 0.06% zinc and by spectrographic analysis to have less than 0.01% lead.
Dessa resultat visa, att kopparpulver av hog renhet framstalles vid kol-kopparkloridreduklion av ett koncentrat inn.ehallande totalt mer On 20 procent av metalliska fororeningar. These results show that high purity copper powder is produced by the carbon-copper chloride reduction of a concentrate containing a total of more than 20 percent of metallic impurities.
Vid framstallandet av ursprungliga bland- ningar av reagerande amnen erhallas basta resultat, da approximativt de stockiometriska x) dar ACI Or en alkalimetallklorid eller en klorid av alkaliska jordartsmetaller. In the preparation of original mixtures of reacting substances, the best results are obtained, since approximately the stockiometric x) or ACI Or is an alkali metal chloride or a chloride of alkaline earth metals.
Kopparoxiden vid reaktionens bOrj an kan Tara av vilket som heist lampligt ursprung, dvs. antingen frau maim eller skrotkopparmetall. Skrotkopparmetall erbjuder en utmarkt och ansenlig forsorjning for metallen, Iran vilken kopparoxidul kan erhallas genom ' lakningsprocesser. En sadan lakningsprocess Or, dar kopparskrot far reagera med en 16s-ling av kopparammoniumkarbonat och ammoniak i vatten. Reaktionen mellan den insatta kopparen och lakningslosningen kan uttryckas som: 3 proportionerna enligt reaktionerna (1) och (2) fasthfillas. Om man emellertid frangar de stockiometriska proportionerna, bOr det endast ske i den riktningen, att man har en liten ytterligare mangd klorid eller ett litet Overskott av alkalimetallklorid eller alkalisk jordartsmetallklorid nagot undertrycka reaktionshastigheten, men driva den vidare mot fullstdndighet. A andra sidan viii ett litet Overskott av kopparoxid eller av kopparklorid tendera att Oka reduktionshastigheten i sin helhet, men findrar icke den slutliga jamvikten I ,mbil shrdlu cmfwyp shrdlu cmfwyp mb flagon betydande grad. Saledes b8r de nyttiga stOckiometriska proportionerna uttryckas om 1 mol kol till 2 a 2,5 mol total klorid till 2 it 2,5 mol kopparoxid. The copper oxide at the beginning of the reaction can be of any suitable origin, i.e. either frau maim or scrap copper metal. Scrap copper metal offers an excellent and substantial supply for the metal, Iran which copper oxide can be obtained through leaching processes. Such a leaching process Or, where copper scrap may react with a 16s-ling of copper ammonium carbonate and ammonia in water. The reaction between the inserted copper and the leach solution can be expressed as: 3 the proportions according to reactions (1) and (2) are fixed. However, if one deviates from the stockiometric proportions, it should only be done in the direction that one has a small additional amount of chloride or a small excess of alkali metal chloride or alkaline earth metal chloride somewhat suppress the reaction rate, but drive it further towards completeness. On the other hand, a small excess of copper oxide or of copper chloride tends to increase the rate of reduction in its entirety, but does not find the final equilibrium I, mbil shrdlu cmfwyp shrdlu cmfwyp mb flag significantly. Thus, the useful stoichiometric proportions should be expressed as 1 mole of carbon to 2 to 2.5 moles of total chloride to 2 to 2.5 moles of copper oxide.
Reduktion av kol i nfirvaro av salt (klorid) men utan kopparklorid fistadkommer en finfordelad koppar, som har en htigre halt av fororeningar fin liknande prov reducerade narvaro av kopparklorid. Reduction of carbon in the presence of salt (chloride) but without copper chloride fistad a finely divided copper, which has a higher content of impurities fin similar samples reduced the presence of copper chloride.
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE202222T |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE202222C1 true SE202222C1 (en) | 1965-01-01 |
Family
ID=38413335
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE202222D SE202222C1 (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SE (1) | SE202222C1 (en) |
-
0
- SE SE202222D patent/SE202222C1/sv unknown
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US4539194A (en) | Method for production of pure silicon | |
| EA015885B1 (en) | A method of producing titanium | |
| US2745735A (en) | Method of producing titanium | |
| US3069240A (en) | Method of obtaining pure silicon by fractional crystallization | |
| CN101353167A (en) | Preparation of hyperpure metallurgy silicon | |
| EP3554998B1 (en) | Process for the production of commercial grade silicon | |
| EA009888B1 (en) | Method of production of pure silicon | |
| US2500792A (en) | Production of potassium | |
| US2974013A (en) | Boron nitride production | |
| US3932598A (en) | Process for producing alkali metal chromates and dichromates | |
| SE202222C1 (en) | ||
| US3212883A (en) | Copper refining process | |
| EP3701053B1 (en) | Process for the recovery of metals from cobalt-bearing materials | |
| US3441402A (en) | Continuous process for the production of magnesium | |
| WO2022236956A1 (en) | Preparation method for gold/silver extraction agent | |
| RU2052528C1 (en) | Scandium obtaining method | |
| JP2002534602A (en) | Aluminum production by carbon heating using aluminum scrap as coolant. | |
| US2998302A (en) | Preparation of titanium diboride | |
| USRE20547E (en) | Method of making crystaiijne alu | |
| US1214991A (en) | Production of alumina and potassium sulfate from alunite. | |
| US2857252A (en) | Process of reacting sodium silicofluoride with aluminum | |
| US2527723A (en) | Recovery of values from aluminum scrap | |
| US3951647A (en) | Reduction method for producing manganese metal | |
| US3685985A (en) | Method for the removal of impurities from metallic zinc | |
| CN110304642B (en) | Method for removing impurity sodium in lithium chloride and preparation method of battery-grade anhydrous lithium chloride |