SE201819C1

SE201819C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE201819C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1965-01-01

Description

KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK A23 k1/01 53 g:4/02 PATENT- OCH REGISTRERINGSVERKET Ans. 5278/1957 inkom den 4/6 1957 utlagd den 5/4 196 F FRUNGEL, HAMBURG-RISSEN, FORBUNDSREPULIKEN TYSKLAND Desodoriserings- och reningsforfarande for ivadustriella avgaser med tvittnin g medelst till dimma finfordelad vatska Prioritet beglird trim den 7 juli och 19 december 1956 (F6rbundsrepubtiken Tgskland) Foreliggande uppfinning Ryser ett clesodoriserings- och reningsforrfarande for industrielta avgaser med tvattning medelst till dimma, finfordelad vatska. Detta forfarande lampar sig sarskilt f8r avgaser, innehallande gas- eller angformiga sonderdelningsamnen av organisk eller oorganisk substa,ns. CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH A23 k1 / 01 53 g: 4/02 PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 5278/1957 was received on 4/6 1957 issued on 5/4 196 F FRUNGEL, HAMBURG-RISSEN, THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY Deodorization and purification procedure for ivadustrial exhaust gases with washing by means of mist finely divided liquid Priority beglird trim 1956 7 July and 19 The present invention Shakes a clesodorization and purification process for industrial exhaust gases by washing by means of mist, finely divided liquid. This process is particularly suitable for exhaust gases, containing gaseous or vaporous probes of organic or inorganic substance, ns.

Vid industriell anvkndning av exempelvis biologiska substanser sasom soja, oljefrukter, fisk, Vitt och ben uppvarmes derma substans yid bestamda produktionsfaser for att uppslutas, torkas e. d. Harvid uppsta illaluktande sonderdelnings- eller destinationsamnen, som pa gruncl av lukten i hog grad verka: storande for fabriksanlaggningens omgivning. Man. liar hittills forsokt att t. ex. genom behandling med ragas binda luktamnena vid sotpartiklar eller att oxidera resp. klorera luktamnena samt att aven leda dent genom lagor, men man liar harvid endast i ratt liten utstrackning kunnat uppna flagon markbar framgdng. In the industrial use of, for example, biological substances such as soy, oil fruits, fish, whites and bones, this substance is heated during certain production phases to be digested, dried and odorous probes or destination substances are formed, which on the basis of the odor have a great effect on the plant. environment. MAN. liar hitherto tried to e.g. by treatment with ragas bind the odorants to soot particles or to oxidize resp. chlorinate the odorants and also lead the dent through layers, but it has only been possible to achieve a small extent of noticeable progress.

Foreliggande uppfinning liar till andamal att har pa principiellt sat eliminera olagenheterna. Forfarandet enligt uppfinningen är i huvudsak ka.nnetecknat av att vatskan ledes genom ett r8r av elektriskt icke ledande material till yatskan finfordelande munstycken, anslutna, till ens polen av en hogspanningskalla, vars andra pol är ansluten till en behallare, i vilken nmnstyckena utmynna och genom vilken avgaserna ledas sã, att de pas-sera den elektriskt laddade vatskedimman. The present invention aims to eliminate the ills in principle. The method according to the invention is mainly characterized in that the liquid is passed through a pipe of electrically non-conductive material to the surface atomizing nozzles, connected, to even the pole of a high voltage head, the second pole of which is connected to a container, into which the nozzles open and through which the exhaust gases are conducted so that they pass the electrically charged water mist.

Uppfinningen foreklaras, narmare i samband med bifogade ritning, som visar ett schema av ett anvandningsexempel vid fiskmjolfabrikation. The invention is explained, more particularly in connection with the accompanying drawing, which shows a diagram of a use example in fishmeal manufacturing.

I en kokare 1, som uppyarmes medelst en eldningsanordning la, uppslutes en raprodukt 2, varvid illaluktande &Igor uppsta och utstromma genom ett Dar 6. Det for kokning avsedda materialet 5 inmatas genom en ledning 3 med en ventil 4. Den fa.rdigkokade substansen fortsatter sedan genom en ventil 32, ett .avloppsror 30 i pilens, 31 riktning, passerar ett karl 34 med en transportsnacka 33, som drives av en motor 38, en press 36 med en snacka 35, en ledning 40 in i en torkare 42 med en eldningsanordning 42a och en transportsnacka 43. Det i pressen 36 avskilda vattnet avrinner genom en ledning 37. Motorn 38 driver aven snackorna 35 och 43. Den torra produkten passerar genom ett ror 45 i pilens 44 riktning in i en forpackningsbehallare 46. Ur torkaren 42 utstromma genora en ledning 48 alkaliska angor med kraftig inblandning av luft, som inmatas i torkaren genom en ledning 42'. Angorna aro emellertid i enlighet med torkareas hOga driftstemperatur mera hogmolekylara an de angor, som utstromma ur kokaren 1 vid kokningsprocessen,. In a boiler 1, which is heated by means of a heating device 1a, a rap product 2 is digested, whereby malodorous gases arise and flow out through a Dar 6. The material 5 for boiling is fed through a line 3 with a valve 4. The pre-cooked substance continues then through a valve 32, a drain pipe 30 in the direction of the arrow 31, a man 34 with a transport screw 33, driven by a motor 38, a press 36 with a screw 35, a line 40 passes into a dryer 42 with a fire device 42a and a transport auger 43. The water separated in the press 36 drains through a line 37. The motor 38 also drives the augers 35 and 43. The dry product passes through a tube 45 in the direction of the arrow 44 into a packaging container 46. Outflow from the dryer 42 generate a line 48 alkaline vapors with heavy admixture of air, which is fed into the dryer through a line 42 '. However, in accordance with the high operating temperature of the drying area, the fumes are more high molecular weight than the fumes which flow out of the boiler 1 during the cooking process.

Transportsnackorna och pressen aro omgivna av .ett pa ritningen genom en streckad linje antytt gemen,samt och under undertryck sta.ende Wilk 39. Undertry-cket alstras, me-deist en pump 7, ansluten till holjet 39 genom en ledning 6a och till kokaren 1 genom roret 6, sa sonderdelningsaranena joke langre utstromma ur holjet 39 i det fria, utan att snarare friskluft insuges i holjet. Medelst pumpen 7 transporteras gaserna i pilens 8 riktning till en katalysatorugn 20, i vilken en temperatur mellan 600 och 700° C Katalysatorugnen innefattar en varmevaxla- 2 re med ett inloppsror 19, varmeovergangslameller 22 och ett avloppsr5r 23. De i katalysatorugnen '20 innehallna katalysatorsubstanserna aro lampligen koppargasvav eller nickelspan, de analoga oxiderna eller andra andamalsenliga katalysatoramnen. Den i katalysatorugnen 20 behandlade gasen strommar i pilens 24 riktning genom varmevaxlaren 19, 23 och genom ett rot. 25 in i en indikeringskammare 26. Om man kritiskt upphettar katalysatorn 20 är det mojligt att me-deist en ventil 29 pa en rorstuds uttaga syror, t. ex. salpetersyrlighet eller salpetersyra eller vid fosforhalt i raprodukten aven fosforsyra. De vid kraftig upphettning av katalysatom uppstaende gaserna passera ett avloppsrdr 27 och trdda ut i det fria. The transport valves and the press are surrounded by a common line indicated in the drawing by a dashed line, and Wilk 39 is located under negative pressure. The negative pressure is generated by means of a pump 7, connected to the housing 39 by a line 6a and to the digester. 1 through the rudder 6, the probe division arenas joke longer flowing out of the housing 39 in the open, without rather fresh air being sucked into the housing. By means of the pump 7, the gases are transported in the direction of the arrow 8 to a catalyst furnace 20, in which a temperature between 600 and 700 ° C The catalyst furnace comprises a heat exchanger with an inlet pipe 19, heat transfer lamellae 22 and a drain pipe 23. The catalyst substances contained in the catalyst furnace '20 aro suitably copper gauze or nickel chips, the analogous oxides or other catalyst catalysts. The gas treated in the catalyst furnace 20 flows in the direction of the arrow 24 through the heat exchanger 19, 23 and through a root. Into a display chamber 26. If the catalyst 20 is critically heated, it is possible to remove a valve 29 on a rudder outlet to remove acids, e.g. nitric acid or nitric acid or at phosphorus content in the rap product also phosphoric acid. The gases formed by vigorous heating of the catalyst pass through a drain pipe 27 and exit into the open air.

I och for sig dr det aven mOjligt att behandla de ur torkaren 42 utstrOmmande gaserna pa samma satt. Det har emellertid vi-sat sig att ett annat, enklare hehandlingssatt är tillrackligt fOr de hogmolekylara foreningar, som utstromma ur torkaren 42 och som i alhninhet aga kokpunkter ovanfor 80° C. Detta salt kan visserligen joke anvandas for att uppsluta de talrika foreningar, som utstrOmma ur kokaren, men sattet är dock anvandbart for att pa ekonorniskt godtagbart satt oskadliggora de hogmolekylara och kraftigt alkaliska foreningar, som utstromma ur en torkare. Till detta andamal infores torkarens 42 avloppsluft tillsammans med i derma forekommande angor genom namnda ledning 48 i pilens 47 riktning in i en behallare 49 och tvattas i denna med vatten. As such, it is also possible to treat the gases flowing out of the dryer 42 in the same manner. It has been found, however, that another, simpler method of treatment is sufficient for the high molecular weight compounds which flow out of the dryer 42 and which generally have boiling points above 80 DEG C. This salt can admittedly be used jokingly to digest the numerous compounds which outflow from the digester, but the method is useful for economically acceptable in detoxifying the high molecular weight and strongly alkaline compounds which flow out of a dryer. To this end, the waste air of the dryer 42 is introduced together with the steam present in it through said conduit 48 in the direction of the arrow 47 into a container 49 and washed therein with water.

I motsats till den hittills anvdnda tekniken genomf Ores dock denna vattenbehandling i tva faser, namligen pa sadant satt, att i anslutning till forsta fas med vatten 51 i form av grovt fOrdelade vattenpartiklar en utomordentligt Lint f5rdelad vattendimrida. 54 alstras medelst hOgtrycksmunstycken 56, mordnade i ett hOgtrycksror 55, varvid detta vat-ten, sarskilt vid alkaliska sonderdelningsamnen, uppladdas med negativ hogspanning. Denna tillflores genom en isolator 57 fran en hogspanningskalla 62, Tars pol 59 lampligen dr jordad, varvid man anordnar ett instrument 61, som med sin ena klamma är anslutet till namnda pol 59 och med sin andra klamma till behallarens 43 massa vid 60, for att avlasa den genom vattenpartiklarna uttagna elektricitetsmangd, som vid jaran strOraning är en likstrom. Spdnningskallans 62 hogspanningspol Lir ansluten till roret 55. F8r att isolera. hogtrycksroret 55 ar detta genom ett vattenmotstand 65 —p ritningen visat som rorslinga — fOrbundet med en tryckvattenledning 66. Det har harvid visat sig sarskilt fordelaktigt att vid en storlek av vattenpartik larna av 1-anvanda plastslangar och ett vattentryck mellan 3-10 at. Normalt ledningsvattens elektriska motstand vid en langd av nagra meter och en jamforelsevis liten tvarsektion dr sa pass hogt, ,att den fran hogspanningspolen genom ledningen 65 passerande lackstrommen är ratt svag, sh att den kan lamnas av hOgsparmingskallan 62, eftersom lackstrommen endast utgOr nagra brakdelar av en mA. Sasom hOgspanningspotential f Or den negativa hogspannningen ha spanningar mellan 30 och 100 kV, i allmanhet 60 kV, visat sig sarskilt gynnsamma. Till folj d av den negativa laddningen pa de ytterst finfordelade vattenpartiklarna 54 ha dessa en ytterst utpraglad formaga bade att binda alkaliska joner, vilka som kalif aga en positiv laddning, och att bringa dem till avsattning. Vid denna under tva faser utforda behandling av avloppsluften — forst medelst grov vattenbesprutning och sedan medelst fintvattning — inbesparar man vatten pa synnerligen ekonomiskt satt. I jamfOrelse med den. hittills anvanda tekniken uppnar man redan battre resultat med endast en tiondel av den brukliga mangden av vattnet 51 samt med endast 1 % elektrostatiskt uppladdat vatten i finspridningsanordningen 54 an med den hittills anvanda 100 %-vattenforbrukningen vid enkel tvattning i den form som hittills varit land. In contrast to the technique used hitherto, Ores carries out this water treatment in two phases, namely in such a way that in connection with the first phase with water 51 in the form of coarsely distributed water particles an extremely lint-distributed water mist. 54 is generated by means of high pressure nozzles 56, grounded in a high pressure pipe 55, this water, especially in alkaline probe dividers, being charged with negative high voltage. This is supplied through an insulator 57 from a high voltage source 62, Tars pole 59 is suitably grounded, an instrument 61 being arranged, which with its one clamp is connected to said pole 59 and with its other clamp to the mass of the container 43 at 60, in order to unload the amount of electricity extracted through the water particles, which at the current is a direct current. The high voltage terminal of the voltage head 62 is connected to the pipe 55. To insulate. The high-pressure pipe 55 is this through a water resistor 65 - shown in the drawing as a pipe loop - connected to a pressurized water line 66. It has proved particularly advantageous that at a size of the water particles of 1-use plastic hoses and a water pressure between 3-10 at. Normally the electrical resistance of the tap water at a length of a few meters and a comparatively small cross section there is so high that the paint current passing from the high voltage coil through the line 65 is quite weak, so that it can be left by the heat saving shell 62, since the paint stream consists only of some fractures. and mA. As the high voltage potential f or the negative high voltage, voltages between 30 and 100 kV, generally 60 kV, have proved to be particularly favorable. Due to the negative charge on the extremely finely divided water particles 54, these have an extremely pronounced shape both to bind alkaline ions, which as a caliphate form a positive charge, and to bring them to deposit. In this, during two phases, challenge the treatment of the waste air - first by means of coarse water spraying and then by means of fine irrigation - water is saved in a very economical way. In comparison with it. hitherto used technology, better results are already obtained with only one tenth of the usual amount of water 51 and with only 1% electrostatically charged water in the fine spreading device 54 than with the hitherto used 100% water consumption in simple washing in the form hitherto been land.

Pa sarskilt verksamt salt kan man kompensera de alkaliska komponenterna i det att man uttager sisom ovan beskrivet sura komponenter fran rorstutsen 28 och tillfOr dessa via en fiirbindelselcdning 28a antingen till fortvattvattnet 53 eller till finfordelningsvattnet 54 eller till bada tva. Harigenom erhaller man vid optimal dimensionering av neutral karaktar av det fran behallaren 49 avrinnande tvattvattnet, sâ att detta kan vidaretransportera.s helt luktfri och utan flagon korrosionsverkan. In particularly effective salt, the alkaline components can be compensated by removing acidic components from the pipe nozzle 28 as described above and supplying them via a connecting line 28a either to the still water 53 or to the atomizing water 54 or to both. In this way, with optimal dimensioning of neutral character, the water water draining from the container 49 is obtained, so that this can be transported completely odorless and without flake corrosion effect.

I det efterfoljande sammanfattas uppfinningsforemaIet. In the following, the inventive formula is summarized.

De fran kokaren och torkaren utstrommande angorna behandlas pa skilda satt. Kokarens angor tillforas en katalysator och omvandlas till .nitrit-, nitrat- eller fosfatjoner i form av syror. Torkarens angor, som ha Wig-re molekylvikt, behandlas genom normal grovtvattning med vatten och efterfoljande fintvattning i samband med elektrostatisk uppladdning, varvid negativ laddning av det lint fOrdelade vattnet har visat sig sarskilt lamp-hg vid hehandling av alkaliska sonderdelningsamnen. For att kompensera tvattvattnet med de alkaliska amnena kunna de av kokarens angor utvunna sura amnena tillsattas till del inmatade tv5.ttvattnet, varvid dessa sura amnen kompensera det av de alkaliska amne- 3 na beroende pH-vardet. Fintvattvattnets mangd ãr beroende av sonderdelningsamnenas egenskaper. The fumes escaping from the boiler and the dryer are treated in different ways. The angler of the digester is fed to a catalyst and converted to nitrite, nitrate or phosphate ions in the form of acids. The dryer angler, which has a Wig -re molecular weight, is treated by normal coarse watering with water and subsequent fine-washing in connection with electrostatic charging, whereby negative charging of the lint-distributed water has been shown particularly lamp-hg in the treatment of alkaline probes. In order to compensate the wash water with the alkaline substances, the acidic substances recovered from the boiler can be added to the partially fed wash water, these acidic substances compensating for the pH value dependent on the alkaline substances. The amount of fine water is dependent on the properties of the probes.

Sattet enligt uppfinningen kan icke endast anvfindas i fiskmjolfabriker, utan aven vid anlaggningar for bearbetning av ben eller animaliska avf all av godtyckligt slag, vid vilka hittills i h5g grad illaluktande siinderdelningsamnena utstrommat, eftersom de icke kunnat behandlas pa effektivt salt. The method according to the invention can be used not only in fishmeal factories, but also in facilities for processing bones or animal waste of any kind, in which hitherto highly odorous disintegrants have flowed out, since they could not be treated with effective salt.

Del har aven visat sig, att icke endast gasoch angformiga sonderdelningsamnen av organisk substans kunna behandlas medelst det elektrostatiska vattenbesprutningssattet, utan aven oorganiska amnen, som exempelvis vid forbranningsprocesser uppsta i rok- och avgaser hos kalkbrannerier och varmekraftverk. It has also been found that not only gas and vaporous probes of organic matter can be treated by means of the electrostatic water spray set, but also inorganic substances, such as in combustion processes arising from flue and exhaust gases in lime kilns and thermal power plants.

Vid sattets enligt uppfinningen anvandning i ett kalkhranneri behandlas avgaserna genom att hela den utstrommande rokgasen forst nedkyles i en kondensator, sâ att roligasens vattenhalt falles ut. Denna kondensor bar ha korrosionsfria bestandiga ytor och kan t. ex. vara utford av gjutjarn. I anslutning hãrtill drives den av vattnet befriade, torkade och kylda rokgasen med hog hastighet genom minst en, lampligen dock upptill fyra dimtvattningsridfier 54, varvid relativt sma vatteninfingder, t. ex. 10 m3 vatten for 100000 m3 ragas, finfordelas som vattendimma med hjalp av ratt hoga tryckvarden, t. ex. 10 at, sa att vattenpartiklarnas sammanlagda yta kommer att bli mycket stor. Atminstone en av dessa dimbildningsapparater uppladdas elektrostatiskt medelst hogspanningskallan 62 pa i mojligaste man hog negativ spanningspotential. Harigenom uppnas, att avgaserna CO2, SO2 och SO8 i en forsta fas bindas till vattnet pa grund av den utomordentligt stora vattenytan samt utspolas, varefter rok- eller kalkpartiklarna i en efterfoljande fas hopgyttras med hjalp av den elektrostatiska attraktionskraften, och utspoias likaledes. Ur anIfiggningen uttrader harvid helt luktfritt, kalif kvave. Avloppsvattnet av det forsta vattendimsteget levererar dessutom relativt hogkoncentrerad svavelsyrlighet och svavelsyra, under vissa omstandigheter i rad stora mangder. Sattets enligt uppfinningen stora ekonomiska betydelse visar t. ex. dess tillampn.ing pa 'behandlingen av ett kraftverks rokgaser. Vid forbrand kolmangd av 2000 t per dygn erfordras en skorsten, vars hojd fir ungefar 1 m. Vid en anlfiggning med tillampning av sat-let enligt uppfinningen fir daremot nâgon skorsten icke nodvandig, sa att ratt hoga hyggnadskostnader inbesparas och varvid dessutom latt saljbara syror uppsta i stora mangder som biprodukter, varigenona anlaggningens ekonomi Ras betydligt. Vid befintliga kraftverk har det hittills varit erforderligt att rokgaserna instromma i skorstenen med en temperatur av ungefar 150° C i och for att SOrgasen icke skall forstora skorstenens vaggar. Om en anlaggning enligt uppfinningen inhygges i ett sadant kraftverk, komma avgaserna att icke langre innehalla nagra skadliga amnen, sO. att de kunna instramma i skorstenen med t. ex. 20° C. Pa. grund harav behover man icke lata utstromma rokgaserna vid en temperatur av 150 eller 200° C, utan man kan dessforinnan utvinna vasentligt hogre varmemangder. Eftersom man a ena sidan normalt arbetar med riikgastemperaturer av t. ex. 1500° C och 0 andra sidan findtemperaturen vid sattet enligt uppfinningen kan hallas pa ett varde av ungefar 20° C i stallet for hittillsvarande 1511° C, innebar detta gentemot teknikens nuvarande standpunkt dels avsevfirt lagre energiframstallningskostnader, dels nyttig uppkomst av biprodukter, dels en ytterligare inbesparing av ungefar 8 % kol eller liknande bransle. In the use of the kit according to the invention in a lime refinery, the exhaust gases are treated by first cooling the entire effluent flue gas in a condenser, so that the water content of the fun ash falls out. This condenser should have corrosion-free durable surfaces and can e.g. be challenged by cast iron. In connection with this, the flue gas liberated, dried and cooled by the water is driven at high speed through at least one, preferably up to four fog irrigation ridges 54, whereby relatively small water fingers, e.g. 10 m3 of water for 100000 m3 of ragas, finely divided as water mist with the help of a high pressure gauge, e.g. 10 at, said that the total area of the water particles will be very large. At least one of these fogging devices is electrostatically charged by means of the high voltage source 62 pa in the highest possible negative voltage potential. In this way it is achieved that the exhaust gases CO2, SO2 and SO8 in a first phase are bound to the water due to the extremely large water surface and flushed out, after which the smoke or lime particles in a subsequent phase are coagulated with the help of the electrostatic attraction, and are also purged. A completely odorless, caliphate suffocates from the application. The wastewater from the first water mist stage also delivers relatively high-concentrated sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid, under certain conditions in a number of large quantities. The great economic significance of the set according to the invention shows e.g. its application to the treatment of the flue gases of a power plant. In the case of pre-combustion coal of 2000 t per day, a chimney is required, the height of which is approximately 1 m. In an installation with application of the satellite according to the invention, on the other hand, a chimney is not necessary, so that high cutting costs are saved and in addition marketable acids arise. in large quantities as by-products, varigenona plant economy Ras significantly. At existing power plants, it has hitherto been necessary for the flue gases to flow into the chimney at a temperature of approximately 150 ° C in order for the SO gas not to enlarge the cradles' chimneys. If a plant according to the invention is housed in such a power plant, the exhaust gases will no longer contain any harmful substances, sO. that they can tighten in the chimney with e.g. 20 ° C. Due to this, it is not necessary to allow the flue gases to flow out at a temperature of 150 or 200 ° C, but substantially higher amounts of heat can be extracted beforehand. Since, on the one hand, one normally works with rich gas temperatures of e.g. 1500 ° C and on the other hand the find temperature in the set according to the invention can be kept at a value of approximately 20 ° C instead of the current 1511 ° C, this meant compared to the current state of the art partly considerably lower energy production costs, partly useful generation of by-products, partly an additional saving of about 8% coal or similar fuel.

Claims

Patent claim:

A deodorization and purification process for industrial exhaust gases by washing by means of mist-finely divided spray, characterized in that the liquid is passed through a tube (65) of electrically non-conductive material to the atomizing nozzles (56), connected to one pole of a hog spannin. gskalila (62), the second poi fix of which is connected to a container (49), into which the nozzles open and through which the exhaust gases are passed so that they pass the electrically charged water mist

2. according to patent claim 1, characterized in that water was used as liquid with the addition of the substances which react with the pollutants of the exhaust gases.

Salt according to claim 2, characterized in that the added substances are acids.

4. Salt according to claim 3, characterized in that the acids are set at the edge by catalytic conversion obtained from the exhaust gases and neutralize the geno- named containers passing through the alkaline constituents of the exhaust gases.

5. Set according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the nozzles are connected to the negative pawl of the high voltage.

Salt according to any one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the high voltage is installed between 30 and 100 kV.

7. A salt according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the wash liquor is pressed through said rudder (65) in the form of a rudder loop, its length being selected so that the water resistance in the rudder loop leads to such a current passage from the hogsp5.nningskallan. less than the stream transported by the water mist.

8. Salt according to any one of the foregoing patent claims, characterized in that the opening area of the nozzles is chosen so that the size of the mist particles is 1-It. 10.

9. According to one of the preceding patent claims, which may be used, that before the exhaust gases pass the electrically charged water mist mist, they are washed by means of water particles, the average size of which is smaller than.

10. A salt according to any one of claims 18, as claimed, in which, before the exhaust gases pass through nannula containers, they are cooled to about 20 ° C.

11. A method according to any one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the exhaust gases are passed through several washing devices with high-voltage nozzles. Request Publications: U.S. Patent Nos. 584,598; Germany 660 640.