SE199815C1 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
SE199815C1
SE199815C1 SE199815DA SE199815C1 SE 199815 C1 SE199815 C1 SE 199815C1 SE 199815D A SE199815D A SE 199815DA SE 199815 C1 SE199815 C1 SE 199815C1
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Sweden
Prior art keywords
tunnel
air
stacks
wood
stack
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Swedish (sv)
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Publication of SE199815C1 publication Critical patent/SE199815C1/sv

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  • Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)

Description

Uppfinnare: V Immonen Prioritet begard Iran den 25 oktober 1956 (Finland) F'oreliggande uppfinning avser ett salt for torkning av virke samt en harfOr avsedd tork. Inventor: V Immonen Priority requested Iran on 25 October 1956 (Finland) The present invention relates to a salt for drying wood and to a dryer.

For torkning av virke ha hittills anvants kontinuerligt eller periodvis arhetande torkar, i vilka virket i staplar med inlagda strobrador transporteras genom torken pa vagnar eller rullbanor. Harvid 5.ro staplarna anordnade i torkens langd- eller tvarriktning. Ur varmeekonomisk synpunkt aro sistnamnda bada typer likvardiga, men aro oavsett staplarnas riktning de kontinuerligt arbetande torkarna ekonomiskt fordelaktigare in de periodvis arhetande. Vid samtliga typer av torkar biases uppvarmd luft genom staplarna, varvid fuktigheten i virket avdunstar och utdrives ur torken av den inblasta, varma luften. Den for vattnets forangning erforderliga kalorimangden är emellertid stor, varf5r dessa torkar krava synnerligen stora varinemangder, vilket medfor htiga torkkostnader. For drying wood, continuous or periodically drying dryers have hitherto been used, in which the wood in stacks with inlaid straw rows is transported through the dryer on wagons or roller conveyors. Harvid 5.ro the bars arranged in the longitudinal or transverse direction of the dryer. From a thermal economics point of view, the latter two types are equivalent, but regardless of the direction of the bars, the continuously operating dryers are more economically advantageous than the periodically arithmetic ones. In all types of dryers, heated air is biased through the stacks, whereby the moisture in the wood evaporates and is expelled from the dryer by the blown-in, hot air. However, the amount of calories required for the evaporation of the water is large, which is why these dryers require extremely large quantities of variants, which entails high drying costs.

Andamalet med foreliggande uppfinning är att avhjalpa dessa nackdelar genom en torkmetod, vid vilken den fOr torkningen erforderliga varmemangden blir vasentligt mind-re an vid hittills kanda forfaranden, varigenom kostnaderna redueeras. Detta uppnas enligt uppfinningen genom att den genom staplarna i deras tvarriktning inblista varma luften ledes, vid langre virke, till staplarnas mittparti eller, vid kortare virke, till deras ena ande, varvid samtidigt staplarnas bagge andar respektive motsatta ande i tunnelns nfirmast inmatningsanden belagna del avkyles medelst sarskilda kylelement eller genom fran torkgodset avgaende vatten, varigenom den i torkgodset befintliga fuktigheten tillsammans med den avdunstande vatskan i betydande mangd avlagsnas I vatskeform frau staplarnas kallare andar eller ande. The object of the present invention is to remedy these disadvantages by means of a drying method, in which the amount of heat required for drying becomes substantially less than in hitherto known processes, whereby the costs are reduced. This is achieved according to the invention by directing the hot air through the stacks in their transverse direction, in the case of longer wood, to the middle part of the stacks or, in the case of shorter wood, to one of them, at the same time cooling the ram spirits by means of separate cooling elements or by water emanating from the drying material, whereby the moisture present in the drying material together with the evaporating liquid is significantly removed in liquid form from the colder spirits or spirit of the stacks.

Uppfinningen omfattar aven en tork for Dupl. kl 82 a: 1/01; 82 a: 30/ sattets utforande, vilken pa kant satt omfat-- tar en torktunn.el med anordning fdr virkets, transport Iran tunnelns inmatningsande till dess utmatningsande, en ovanfor tunneln belagen luftkanal, luftuppvarmnings- och flaktanordningar for aft forsatta luften frau ett friskluftintag i cirkulation genom luftkanalen till tunnelns utmatningsande och frail denim genom staplarna till tunnelns inmatningsande och en dar anordnad utloppskanal, genom vilken en del av den fuktiga luften. avgar, under dot att en del aterfOres till luftkanalen. Torken enligt uppfinningen kãnnetecknas av att pa tunnelns ena eller bagge sidovaggar aro i tunnelns narmast inmatningsanden belagna del anbragta kylanordningar for att avkyla staplarnas ena eller bagge andar. The invention also comprises a dryer for Dupl. at 82 a: 1/01; 82 a: 30 / the design of the set, which on the edge set comprises a drying tunnel with a device for the timber, transporting the inlet end of the tunnel to its outlet end, an air duct located above the tunnel, air heating and flattening devices for continuing the air from a fresh air intake in circulation through the air duct to the outlet end of the tunnel and frail denim through the stacks to the inlet end of the tunnel and an outlet channel arranged there, through which part of the moist air. emits, during the dot that some is returned to the air duct. The dryer according to the invention is characterized in that cooling devices arranged on one or more side walls of the tunnel are located in the nearest feeding spirit of the tunnel to cool one or other spirits of the stacks.

Uppfinningen askadliggores p& bifogade ritningar. The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 är en langdsektion genom en tork. Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through a dryer.

Fig. 2 är en sektion utefter linj en1 fig. 1. Fig. 2 is a section along line 1 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 ar en sektion utefter linjen i fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section along the line in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 visar i forstorad skala en i tunnelns tak anordnad, med spjall fOrsedd oppning. Fig. 4 shows on an enlarged scale an opening arranged in the roof of the tunnel, with a damper provided.

Fig. 5 visar en virkesstapel jarnte str5brador. Fig. 5 shows a pile of wood jarnte str5brador.

Torken bestar av en tunnel 1, som stracker sig fran torkens ena a.nde till den andra. Flera tunnlar kunna anordnas bredvid varandra. I del foljande beskrives en tork med en enda tunnel. Virket, som skall torkas, infores vid inmatningsanden 3 och uttages vid den motsatta anden 4. Virket hr i tunnelns tvarriktning upplagt i staplar 5 pa en rullbana 6. Av staplarna 5 visas endast tva yid inmatningsanden och en vid utmatningsanden I tunnelns 1 ovre del fir en Iuftkanal 7 anordnad, i vars framre del flaktar 8 ()eh ett luft- 2— uppvarmningselement 9 aro inmonterade. I tunnelns 1 tak 10 aro bi5jliga plattor 11 fastsatta, vilka nd ner till staplarnas 5 oversidor. Liknande plattor 12 aro liven anordnade pa tunnelns sidovaggar 13, vilka plattors bredd Sr nagot stOrre fin avstandet mellan stapeln 5 och sidovaggen. Vidare finnas i tunnelns tak 10 med spjall 21 forsedda oppningar 18, med vilka man effektivt kart dirigera den torra luften. oppningarna 18 aro placerade vid tunnelns 1 mittparti, raknat i dess tvarriktning. Om endast stapelns 5 ena dude skall avkylas, placeras oppningarna 18 i den del av tunneln, i vilken avkylning inte skall aga rum. Sasom visas i fig. 4, aro staplarna 5 sa anordnade i tunneln, att luckorna mellan dem efter varje stegvis forskjutning ligga mittfor oppningarna, set att varm luft genom dessa kan i onskad mangd inledas mellan stapiarna genom lamplig installning av spjallen. Luf tens stromningsriktning ar pa ritningen angiven med en pil. The dryer consists of a tunnel 1, which extends from one end of the dryer to the other. Several tunnels can be arranged next to each other. In the following, a dryer with a single tunnel is described. The wood to be dried is introduced at the feed end 3 and taken out at the opposite end 4. The wood in the transverse direction of the tunnel is laid in bars 5 on a runway 6. Of the bars 5 only two are shown at the feed end and one at the discharge end in the upper part of the tunnel 1. an air duct 7 is arranged, in the front part of which 8 () flats and an air heating element 9 are mounted. Fixed plates 11 are fixed in the roof 10 of the tunnel 1, which extend down to the upper sides of the stacks 5. Similar plates 12 are provided on the side walls 13 of the tunnel, the width of which plates is slightly greater than the distance between the stack 5 and the side wall. Furthermore, there are openings 18 provided in the roof 10 of the tunnel with dampers 21, with which the dry air can be effectively directed. the openings 18 are located at the central part of the tunnel 1, straightened in its transverse direction. If only one dude of the stack 5 is to be cooled, the openings 18 are placed in the part of the tunnel in which cooling is not to take place. As shown in Fig. 4, the stacks 5 are so arranged in the tunnel that the gaps between them after each stepwise displacement lie opposite the openings, so that hot air through them can be introduced in desired amount between the stacks by suitable installation of the slats. The flow direction of the air is indicated in the drawing by an arrow.

Sasom framgar av fig. 3, aro kylelement 15 anbragta vid vardera eller .vid den ena av tunnelns 1 sidovaggar 13. Kylelementen 15 aro endast anordnade i tunnelns 1 framre del och fa inte uppta mera an. tunnelns halva langd, eftersom aven staplarnas 5 findar maste hinna torka, innan de komma fram till tunnelns utmatningsande. I tunnelns golv aro invid sidovaggarna 13 rannor eller avloppsror 16 anordnade, genom vilka det under torkningen avskiida vattnet avrinner. As can be seen from Fig. 3, cooling elements 15 are arranged at each or at one of the side walls 13 of the tunnel 1. The cooling elements 15 are only arranged in the front part of the tunnel 1 and are not allowed to receive any more. half the length of the tunnel, since even the fins of the stacks 5 must have time to dry before they reach the outlet end of the tunnel. In the floor of the tunnel, next to the side cracks 13, gutters or drainage pipes 16 are arranged, through which the water separated during drying drains.

Sedan virket, faller eller dylikt upplagts i staplar, overforas dessa 'till transportanordningen placerade tvars tunnelns 1 langdriktning, och tunneln fylles med dylika staplar. -Sasom visas i fig. 5, ligger den mellersta strobradan 19 i varje skikt av en stapel vinkelratt mot virket, under det att ovriga strobrador 20 pa anise sidor om mitthrddan konVergera i luftens stromningsriktning, sá att den varma luften ledes till stapelns mittparti och vid utstrOmmandet ur stapeln riktas mot foljande stapels mittparti. Plattorna 12 tilisluta med tatning spalten mellan staplar- nas 5 andar och tunnelns sidovaggar 13, och pa samma satt tillsluta plattorna 11 spalten mellan staplarnas 8versidor och tunnelns tak. After the timber, falls or the like is laid in stacks, these are transferred to the longitudinal direction of the tunnel 1 placed in the transport device, and the tunnel is filled with such stacks. As shown in Fig. 5, the middle straw row 19 lies in each layer of a stack perpendicular to the wood, while other straw rows 20 on anise sides of the center edge converge in the air flow direction, so that the hot air is led to the center portion of the stack and at the outflow from the stack is directed towards the middle part of the following stack. The plates 12 seal the gap between the spirits of the bars 5 and the side walls 13 of the tunnel, and in the same way the plates 11 close the gap between the upper sides of the bars 8 and the roof of the tunnel.

Flak.tarna 8 insuga friskluft fran kanalen 14 .och blasa den genom uppvarmningselementet 9 och luftkanalen 7 till tunnelns 1 mot- satta dude 4. Harifran paSserar luften genom 'staplarna i riktning mot tunnelns 1 inmatningsande, varvid plattorna 11, 12 tvinga all luft att stromma genom spalterna mellan de 'av strobradorna atskilda skikten i staplarna, sa att den effektivt bestryker staplarnas mitt- partier. The flats 8 suck in fresh air from the duct 14 and blow it through the heating element 9 and the air duct 7 to the opposite dude 4. From there the air passes through the stacks in the direction of the inlet end of the tunnel 1, the plates 11, 12 forcing all air to flow through the gaps between the layers separated by the strobe rows in the stacks, so that it effectively coats the middle portions of the stacks.

Storre delen av den luft, som upptagit fuktighet genom det fran virket avdunstade vattnet, bortledes genom utblasningskanalen 17, men en del av luften avskiljes och cirkuleras Yfenom luftkanalen tillsammans med fly frisk- luft, som tillfOres genom flaktarna 8 och luftuppvarmningselementet 9. Luftens strainningsriktning Sr pa ritningarna angiven med en pil a och virkets transportriktning med en pil b. De i tunnelns 1 sidovaggar 13 anordnade kylelementen 15 avkyla staplarnas andar. Temperaturen blir darfor storst i staplarnas mittpartier och avtar successivt mot staplarnas andar, dvs. mot tunnelns sidova.ggar. I mitten av de staplar, som befinna sig vid tunnelns utmatningsande, kan temperaturen lampligen uppga till exempelvis 420 G for att mot tunnelns inmatningsande avta till 38° C. Vid staplarnas andar halles temperaturen vid exempelvis 30° C. Eftersom temperaturen i staplarnas mittpartier dr hOgre an vid deras andar, blir forangningen av fuktigheten i virket kraftigare vid mittpartierna an vid andarna. Det hOgre tryck, som harigenom uppstar virkescellerna vid staplarnas mittpartier, driver vattnet mot findarna, varifran det drop-par ner i den i golvet invid sidovaggarna 13 anbragta rannan och ledes bort. Samma fenomen upptrader exempelvis yid forbranning av va'ta vedtran i en vanlig spis. Om de andstallda vedtrana antandas nedtill, medf8r det hogre tryck, som racier i tracellerna i vedtraets nedre del, att vattnet uttranger ur vedtraets Ovre ande. For att befrfimja vattnets avgang kan staplarnas 5 mittpartier ligga nagot hog-re an deras andar, varigenom vattnet i mittpartiernas celler lattare kan strOmma mot an-damn. Most of the air, which has absorbed moisture through the water evaporated from the wood, is discharged through the exhaust duct 17, but some of the air is separated and circulated through the air duct together with escape fresh air, which is supplied through the flakes 8 and the air heating element 9. in the drawings indicated by an arrow a and the direction of transport of the timber by an arrow b. The cooling elements 15 arranged in the side walls 13 of the tunnel 1 cool the spirits of the stacks. The temperature is therefore greatest in the middle parts of the bars and gradually decreases towards the spirits of the bars, ie. towards the side of the tunnel. In the middle of the stacks, which are located at the outlet of the tunnel, the temperature can suitably reach, for example, 420 G to decrease to 38 ° C towards the inlet of the tunnel. At the spirits of the stacks, the temperature is kept at, for example, 30 ° C. depending on their spirits, the evaporation of the moisture in the wood becomes stronger at the middle parts than at the spirits. The higher pressure, which thereby creates the timber cells at the middle parts of the stacks, drives the water towards the fins, from where it drips into the gutter placed in the floor next to the side cradles 13 and is led away. The same phenomenon occurs, for example, in the combustion of wet wood in an ordinary stove. If the spirit-like firewood is ignited at the bottom, the higher pressure, which racies in the tracels in the lower part of the firewood, means that the water protrudes from the upper spirit of the firewood. In order to facilitate the exit of the water, the central portions of the stacks 5 may be slightly higher than their spirits, whereby the water in the cells of the central portions can flow more easily towards the atmosphere.

Kylelementen kunna aven placeras endast vid stapelns ena ande. Harvid sjunker virkets temperatur successivt frail stapelns inte avkylda ande till dess avkylda dude, fran vilket vattnet avgar. Harvid anordnas virkesstaplarna lampligen i ett lutande lage, sa att de avkylda andarna ligga lagre an de icke avkylda andarna. The cooling elements can also be placed only at one end of the stack. In this case, the temperature of the wood gradually drops from the uncooled spirit of the stack to its cooled dude, from which the water emits. In this case, the piles of wood are suitably arranged in an inclined layer, so that the cooled spirits lie lower than the uncooled spirits.

Med denna metod uppnas en vasentlig inbesparing av varmemangden i jamforelse med hittills kanda torkmetoder, eftersom en avseyard del av virkets fuktighet avgar i vatskeform och salunda inte behover forangas. Harvid kan aven den erforderliga torktemperaturen hallas lagre an vid hittills kanda metoder, varigenom kostnaderna vasentligt reduceras. With this method, a substantial saving of the heat amount is achieved in comparison with hitherto known drying methods, since a considerable part of the wood's moisture emits in liquid form and thus does not need to evaporate. In this case, even the required drying temperature can be kept lower than in hitherto known methods, whereby the costs are substantially reduced.

Uppfinningen lampar sig for torkning av saval alit slags travirke som faner. Vid falter- torkning kan temperaturen givetvis vara hog- re an exempelvis vid torkning av sagad vara. Ritning och beskrivning aro endast avsedda att askadliggora ett exempel pa uppfin- ningen. De praktiskt tillampliga forfarings- satten och motsvarande torkkonstruktioner kunna avsevart variera inom uppfinningens ram. Delta gfiller 1 synnerhet utforandet av kyielementen och deras placering i tunneln. Enligt uppfinningen ar det aven mojligt att arbeta utan kylelement genom att exempelvis anvanda den fran virkets andar utsipprande — —3 fuktigheten som kylmedel, i det att den vid sin avdunstning pa virkets ytor astadkommer en nedgang i temperaturen. Forfarandet par sig sarskilt for sadana kontinuerligt eller periodvis arbetande torkar, i vilka virket upplagges i relativt tunneln tvargaende staplar. The invention is suitable for drying saval alit kind of wood as veneer. When filter drying, the temperature can of course be higher than, for example, when drying sawn goods. Drawing and description are intended only to illustrate an example of the invention. The practically applicable set of kits and corresponding drying constructions can vary considerably within the scope of the invention. Delta gfiller 1 in particular the design of the cooling elements and their placement in the tunnel. According to the invention, it is also possible to work without cooling elements by using, for example, the moisture seeping from the spirits of the wood as a coolant, in that when it evaporates on the surfaces of the wood it causes a decrease in temperature. The process is particularly suitable for such continuous or periodic dryers, in which the timber is stored in relatively transverse stacks in the tunnel.

Om virkesstaplarna skola upplaggas i tunnelns langdriktning, är varmluftkanalen lampligen anordnad vid sidan om staplarna. Harvid kan torken for varje stapel vara forsedd med en flakt, som bla.ser varm luft genom stapelns mittparti. Den luft, som passe-rat genom stapeln, ledes lampligen tillbaka till luftkanalen genom luckan mellan tva pa. varandra ftiljande staplar. Staplarnas forflyttfling i riktning mot utmatningsanden sker i steg, vartdera omfattande en stapellangd, dvs. till ett lage mittfor nastfoljande flakt. If the timber stacks are to be stored in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel, the hot air duct is suitably arranged next to the stacks. In this case, the dryer for each stack can be provided with a flap, which blows hot air through the middle part of the stack. The air which has passed through the stack is suitably led back to the air duct through the gap between two pa. stacking bars. The movement of the bars in the direction of the discharge spirit takes place in steps, each comprising a stack length, ie. to a layer in front of the next flat.

Claims (7)

Patentansprak:Patent claim: 1. Satt for torkning av virke, faner eller dylikt, varvid torkgodset utsattes for temperaturfall genom att i form av pa tvaren eller langden upplagda staplar transporteras genom en tunnel, genom vilken varm luft ledes, vilken, sedan den upptagit ur virket avdunstat vatten, till stone delen bortledes vid tunnelns utmatningsande, kannetecknat darav, att den genom staplarna i deras tvarriktning inblasta, varma luften ledes, vid langre virke, till staplarnas mittparti eller, vid kortare virke, till deras ena ande, varvid samtidigt staplarnas bagge andar respektive motsatta ande i tunnelns narmast inmatningsanden belagna del avkyles medelst sarskilda kylelement eller genom fran torkgodset avgaende vatten, varigenom i torkgodset befintlig fuktighet tillsammans med den avdunstande vatskan i betydande mangd avlagsnas i vatskeform fran staplarnas kallare andar eller ande.Set for drying wood, veneer or the like, wherein the drying material is subjected to temperature drops by transporting piles laid in the form of length or length through a tunnel, through which hot air is led, which, after taking up water evaporated from the wood, to the stone part is discharged at the outlet of the tunnel, which may be characterized by the fact that it is blown in through the bars in their transverse direction, the hot air is led, in the case of longer timber, to the middle part of the bars or, in the case of shorter timber, to one end. The part closest to the inlet spirit of the tunnel is cooled by means of special cooling elements or by water emanating from the drying material, whereby moisture present in the drying material together with the evaporating liquid in a significant amount is removed in liquid form from the colder spirits or spirit of the stacks. 2. Satt enligt patentanspraket 1, kannetecknat darav, att vid kortare virke staplarna upplaggas med den fOr avkylning avsedda anden liggande lagre an stapelns motsatta ande.2. Set according to patent claim 1, characterized in that in the case of shorter wood the stacks are stored with the layer intended for cooling lying on the opposite spirit of the stack. 3. Satt enligt patentanspraket 1, kannetecknat darav, att vid langre virke staplarna upplaggas med andarna liggande lagre an stapelns mittparti.3. Set according to patent claim 1, characterized in that in the case of longer wood the stacks are laid with the spirits lying on the middle part of the stack. 4. Satt enlist patentanspraken 1-3, kannetecknat darav, att staplarna upplaggas med mellanliggande strobrader med en brada pa mitten vinkelratt mot virket och ovriga brador pa onase sidor om mittbradan i ett i den varma luftens stremningsriktning genom stapeln konvergerande lage, sa att den lean varje stapel utstrommande luften ledes till efterfoljande stapelns mittparti.4. In accordance with patent claims 1-3, characterized in that the stacks are laid with intermediate straw rows with a ridge in the middle perpendicular to the wood and other ropes on one side of the middle ridge in a layer converging in the direction of hot air flow through the stack, so that it lea each stack of outflowing air is led to the middle portion of the subsequent stack. 5. Tork for utforandet av satt enligt patentanspraket 1, omfattande en torktunnel riled transportanordning for virke eller dylikt fran tunnelns inmatningsande till dess utmatningsande, en ovanfor tunneln belagen luftkanal, luftuppvarmnings- och flaktanordningar fOr att forsatta luften fran ett friskluftintag i cirkulation genom luftkanalen till tunnelns utmatningsande och fran denna genom virkesstaplarna till tunnelns inmatningsande och en dar anordnad utloppskanal, genom vilken en del av den fuktiga luften avgar, under det att en del aterfores till luftkanalen uppblandad med friskluft, kannetecknad darav, att pa. tunnelns (1) ena eller bagge sidovaggar (13) aro i tunnelns narmast inmatningsanden belagna del anbragta kylelement (15) for att avkyla staplarnas (5) ena eller bagge andar.5. A dryer for performing the set according to claim 1, comprising a drying tunnel or transport device for timber or the like from the inlet of the tunnel to its outlet, an air duct located above the tunnel, air heating and flattening devices for continuing the air from a fresh air intake into circulation through the air duct. discharge and from this through the timber stacks to the tunnel inlet and an outlet channel arranged there, through which a part of the moist air is emitted, while a part is returned to the air duct mixed with fresh air, can be drawn therefrom, to pa. one or the ram side walls (13) of the tunnel (1) are part of the cooling element (15) arranged in the nearest to the feed duct to cool one or the ram spirits of the bars (5). 6. Tork enligt patentanspraket 5, kannetecknad darav, att elementen (15) ha samma hojd som tunnelns (1) sidovaggar (13).Dryer according to claim 5, characterized in that the elements (15) have the same height as the side cradles (13) of the tunnel (1). 7. Tork enligt patentanspraken 5 och 6, kannetecknad darav, att tunnelns (1) tak vid silt mittparti, raknat i tvarriktningen, är for-sett med oppningar (18) med installbara spjall (21) for att reglera den varma luftens inledande mellan staplarna (5). Anftirda publikationer: Patentskrifter frail Sverige 126815.Dryer according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the roof of the tunnel (1) at the middle part of the silt, raked in the transverse direction, is provided with openings (18) with installable slats (21) for regulating the introduction of hot air between the bars. (5). Anftirda publications: Patents from Sweden 126815.
SE199815D SE199815C1 (en)

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