SE190855C1

SE190855C1 -

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Publication number: SE190855C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1964-01-01

Description

KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK B 62 d63 c:29/04 PATENT- OCH REGISTRERINGSVERKET Ans. 4666/1955 inkom den 17 / 5 1955 utlagd den 16/12 1963 W H ALBEE, CARMEL, CAL., USA Runanordning vid fordon Prioritet begard frdrz den 17 maj 195 (USA) Derma uppfinning hanfor sig till en rullanordning vid fordon, innefattande en med bojlig vagg utford uppumpbar vagrulle med sadan axielh lAngstrackt form, att den vid belastning mot plan mark tillplattas Over en yta, som har st5rre dimension i axialled an i omkretsled, och en ph vagrullen lagrad lastupptagande konstruktion med en lagerrarn och en eller flera dari lagrade sadelrullar, vilka stracka sig i vagrullens langdriktning och aro anordnade att lopa pS vagrullens utsida fr att overfdra den p5 rullanordningen utovade belastningen till vagrullen. CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH B 62 d63 c: 29/04 PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 4666/1955 filed on 17/5 1955 issued on 16/12 1963 WH ALBEE, CARMEL, CAL., USA Run device on vehicles Priority requested before 17 May 195 (USA) flexible rocker challenges inflatable rocker roller with such an elongated shape that it is flattened when loaded against flat ground over a surface which has a larger dimension in the axial direction than in circumferential direction, , which extend in the longitudinal direction of the roller and are arranged to run on the outside of the roller to transfer the load exerted on the roller device to the roller.

For nedbringning av friktionsforlusten mellan sadelrullarna och vagrullen och eliminering av risken fOr skadegorelse pa rullarna under extrema forhallanden, exempelvis vid stor overbelastning eller svar terrang eller badadera, foreslas enligt uppfinningen att vid en sadan rullanordning anordna sadelrullen avtagande i diameter mot rullens andar for undvikande av sliming mellan sadelrulle och vagrulle. In order to reduce the friction loss between the seat rollers and the carriage roller and eliminate the risk of damage to the rollers under extreme conditions, for example in case of heavy overload or heavy terrain or bathing, it is proposed according to the invention to arrange in such a roller device between saddle roll and wagon roll.

Ytterligare detaljer hos uppfinningen komma att framga av foljande detaljerade beskrivning under hanvisning till bifogade ritningar, pa vilka fig. 1 Sr en sidovy av ett fordon av lastbilstyp forsett med rullanordning enligt uppfinningen i dess foredragna utforande. Fig. 2 Sr en andvy bakifran av fordonet. Fig. 3 Sr en sektionsvy utefter linjen 3-3 i fig. 4 i stone skala. Fig. 4 Sr en sidovy av det i fig. 1 visade fordonets bakre parti med skurna utefter linjen 4 4 i fig. 3. Fig. 5 Sr en sektionsvy utefter linjen -i fig. 3. Fig. 6 Sr en sidovy av rullelement, visade schematiskt relativt varandra. Fig. 7 Sr ett diagram Over slir- och friktionsfaktorer i samband med drift av den nedre av de i fig. 6 visade rullarna. Fig. 8 Sr en sidovy av det i fig. 1 visade fordonets framre parti med styrinrattningen svangd till ett ytterlage for tydlighets skull. Further details of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a side view of a truck-type vehicle provided with a rolling device according to the invention in its preferred embodiment. Fig. 2 Make a view from the rear of the vehicle. Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 4 on a stone scale. Fig. 4 is a side view of the rear part of the vehicle shown in Fig. 1 with the cut along the line 4 4 in Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a sectional view along the line in Fig. 3. Fig. 6 is a side view of roller elements, showed schematically relative to each other. Fig. 7 Draw a diagram of slip and friction factors in connection with operation of the lower of the rollers shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 8 is a side view of the front part of the vehicle shown in Fig. 1 with the steering device pivoted to an outer layer for the sake of clarity.

Det speciella fordon, som visas liar, innefattar en lastbilsram 10, vilken ham sin bakre del fast vid en stod- och drivanordning, som innefattar ett par periferiellt drivna, uppumpbara rullar 11, 11, och sin bakre del fast vid en stod- och styranordning, som innefattar en uppumpbar rulle 12, vilken lake nodvandigtvis Sr fOrsedd med periferiella drivorgan. Rullarna 11 och 12 aro foretradesvis tillverkade av vavarmerat gummi och aro vulkade i sin valvda form. The particular vehicle shown here comprises a truck frame 10, which has its rear part fixed to a stand and drive device, which comprises a pair of circumferentially driven, inflatable rollers 11, 11, and its rear part fixed to a stand and guide device , which comprises an inflatable roller 12, which lake is necessarily provided with peripheral drive means. The rollers 11 and 12 are preferably made of wavy rubber and are vulcanized in their curved shape.

De periferiellt drivna rullarna 11, 11 baktill pa fordonet ha var sin axel 11', -vilken Sr lagrad i armarna pa en gaffel 13, vilken me-deist axeltappar, som aro utf8rda i ett med gaffeln, Sr iedbart upphangd i ett par Oron 14, 14, varvid vardera paret eron Sr utfOrt i ett med och skjuter i riktning neat och bakat ut fran en lagerram 15, vilken liar formen av en upp- och nedvand lada och vilken Sr fast vid ramens 10 undersida samt omgiver Ovre delen av tillhorande uppumpbara rulle 11. The circumferentially driven rollers 11, 11 at the rear of the vehicle each have their own shaft 11 ', which is mounted in the arms of a fork 13, which by means of axle pins, which are made in one with the fork, are preferably suspended in a pair of Orons 14. , 14, each pair eron Sr made in one with and projecting in the direction neat and baked out of a bearing frame 15, which takes the form of an up and down water barn and which Sr fixed to the underside of the frame 10 and surrounds the upper part of the associated inflatable roll 11.

I vardera lagerramen 15 bar en bagformigt anordnad uppsattning periferiellt fordelade lastanbringande rullar eller sadelrullar 16, 16 sina axlar anordnade parallellt med axeln 11' hos den tillhorande uppumpbara rullen 11 och aro i sina andar lagrade i lagerramens sidovaggar, varvid deras lagen aro sadana., att de uppbara ungef Sr lika stoma delar av den last, som uppbares av den tillhOrande uppumpbara rullen 11, sasom tydligt visas i fig. 4 och 5. In each bearing frame 15, a rear-mounted set of circumferentially distributed load-bearing rollers or saddle rollers 16, 16 carried their shafts arranged parallel to the shaft 11 'of the associated inflatable roller 11 and were in their spirits mounted in the side walls of the bearing frame, their layers being such that the supported approximately equal parts of the load carried by the associated inflatable roller 11, as clearly shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

PS fordonets sidor strdeka sig de intill varandra belagna axeltapparna 16', 16 pa sadelrullarna 16 forbi sina lager och utanfor lagerramen samt ha var sitt kedjehjul 17, som Sr fast darpa. Vardera uppsattningen kedjehjul 17 omgives av en kedja 18, vilken befinner sig i ingrepp med kedjehjulen och med ett tomgangskedjehjul 19 (fig.vilket Sr sa. placerat, att kedjan utmed en sa stor bage, som Sr onskvard, Mlles i ingrepp med de 2— — bada intilliggande kedjehjulen 17. Tomgangskedjehjulet 19 är monterat pa en axeltapp, vilken skjuter ut fran lagerramen eller eventuellt fran en kedjestrackarsIid (icke visad), som ar pa lampligt satt monterad pa lagerramens sida. The PS sides of the vehicle extend the adjacent axle pins 16 ', 16 on the seat rollers 16 past their bearings and outside the bearing frame and each have its own sprocket 17, which is fixed. Each set of sprockets 17 is surrounded by a chain 18 which is engaged with the sprockets and with an idle sprocket 19 (fig. Which Sr. said placed so that the chain along such a large bag as Sr. - both adjacent sprockets 17. The idle sprocket 19 is mounted on a shaft pin, which projects from the bearing frame or possibly from a chain tensioner side (not shown), which is suitably mounted on the side of the bearing frame.

I yar och en av de hada uppsattningarna sadelrullar har den axeltapp 16, pa vilken det framsta kedjehjulet 17 ãr fast, ett andra kedjehjul 20, fig. 1 °eh 2, vilket är fast pa densamma och medelst en drivkedja 21 är forbundet med ett kedjehjul 22, som fir fast pa anden ay en axel 23, vilken medelst de vanliga anordningarna (icke visade) drives fran fordonets motor, foretradesvis over den vanliga differentialmekanismen (icke visad). In one and one of the sets of seat rollers, the axle pin 16, on which the front sprocket 17 is fixed, has a second sprocket 20, Figs. 22, which is mounted on a shaft 23, which by means of the usual devices (not shown) is driven from the engine of the vehicle, preferably via the usual differential mechanism (not shown).

Den beskrivna konstruktionen ar sadan, att drift av kedjehjulen 22 medurs med avseende pa fig. 1 medfor rotation hos rullarna 11 i moturs riktning, varigenom fordonet drives framlanges, varvid drift i den motsatta riktningen givetvis medfor att fordonet drives baklanges. The construction described is such that operation of the sprockets 22 clockwise with respect to Fig. 1 causes rotation of the rollers 11 in the counterclockwise direction, whereby the vehicle is driven forward, whereby operation in the opposite direction of course causes the vehicle to be driven backwards.

For anbringning ay lasten och for periferiellt drivingrepp med de valvda, uppumpbara rullarna 11 liar var och en av sadelrullarna 16 valvd form och fOretradesyis en sadan pa bestamt satt yalvd form relativt den valvda formen hos den uppumpbara rullen 11, att de hada roterande organens varandra berorande ytor i varje lage i langdriktningen av desamma kunna ha samma lineara hastighet, sã att sadelrullarna kunna driva den uppumpbara rullen periferiellt utan sliming hos flagon del av rullarnas varandra berorande ytor, vilket star i motsats till den sliming, som foranledes av den valvda formen has den uppumpbara rullen -yid de cylindriska sadelrullarna: enligt del ovan niimnda patentet och vid den valvda, uppumpbara rullens rullning i beroring med marken, vilket skall diskuteras i det folj an-de. For application to the load and for peripheral driving engagement with the curved, inflatable rollers 11, each of the saddle rollers 16 has a curved shape and is represented in such a definite curved shape relative to the curved shape of the inflatable roller 11 that they had rotating members interdependent. surfaces in each layer in the longitudinal direction thereof can have the same linear velocity, so that the saddle rollers can drive the inflatable roller circumferentially without slimming of the flake part of the interlocking surfaces of the rollers, which is in contrast to the slimming caused by the curved shape. the inflatable roller - in the case of the cylindrical saddle rollers: according to the above-mentioned patent and in the rolling of the curved, inflatable roller in contact with the ground, which will be discussed in the following.

Den riktiga valvningen has sadelrullen är sadan, att de bade roterbara organens omkretsar sta i samma forhallande till varandra pa alla stallen i axialled utmed organens heroringsyta for periferiell drift, varvid dock hansyn maste tagas till att intryckningen av den uppumpbara rullen medelst vardera sadelrullen, dá, sasom i det foredragna utforandet, sadelrullarna aro flera till antalet och till sin omkrets aro helt smã i forhallande till den uppumpbara rullen, i langdsektion foretradesvis icke am sa djup, att forskjutning i langdled av rullvaggens tvarsektionsomkretsar forhindras. Denna intryckning blir successivt stOrre Iran mitten mot den uppumpbara rullens andar, sasom visas medelst de olika store forskjutningar x, x och y, y hos de vertikala prickstreckade linjerna i fig. 6. The correct curvature of the saddle roll is such that the circumferences of the two rotatable members stand in the same relation to each other in all stalls in axial direction along the herring surface for peripheral operation, however, consideration must be given to the depression of the inflatable roller as in the preferred embodiment, the saddle rollers are several in number and their circumference are quite small in relation to the inflatable roller, in longitudinal section preferably not so deep that longitudinal displacement of the transverse section circumferences of the roller carriage is prevented. This impression gradually becomes larger Iran in the middle of the spirits of the inflatable roller, as shown by the different large displacements x, x and y, y of the vertical dotted lines in Fig. 6.

Betydelsen av att ha detta konstanta forhallande mellan tvarsektionsomkretsarna blir uppenbar vid betraktande av att en avvikelse pa 0,8 mm has sadelrullens radie pa ett gi vet stalle och vid ett fOrhallande pa 1: 5 (approximativt forhallandet i fig. 6) resulterar i en tvangsmassig sliming pa approximativt 25 mm under varje vary has den uppumpbara rullen. The importance of having this constant ratio between the cross-sectional circumferences becomes apparent when considering that a deviation of 0.8 mm has the radius of the saddle roll at a given position and at a ratio of 1: 5 (approximately the ratio in Fig. 6) results in a forced mass. Slimming of approximately 25 mm below each vary has the inflatable roller.

Den ovan namnda markslirningen eller sadelrullslirningen i fraga om cylindriska sadelrullar, vilken framtvingas genom den upppumpbara rullens 11 valvda form, analyseras i diagrammet i fig. 7, till vilken hanyisning bier kommer att gores i det foljande i samband med styrningen. The above-mentioned ground slippage or saddle roll slippage in the case of cylindrical saddle rollers, which is forced by the curved shape of the inflatable roller 11, is analyzed in the diagram in Fig. 7, to which bees will be made in the following in connection with the steering.

I figuren representeras konturen hos en uppifran sedd sfaroidal, uppumpbar rulle, vilken liar rotationsaxeln A—B, av den med heldragen linje uppritade elliptiska figuren och representeras den yta, utmed vilken rullen her& marken yid rOrelse rakt fram, ay den streckade elliptiska figuren, som liar axlarna D—E och F—G och am belagen inuti samt symmetriskt relativt den heldragna figuren, sa att storaxeln D—E ligger i en langsgaende vertikalsektion genom axeln A—B och axeln F—G ligger i rullens mittre tvarsektion med punkten C sasom skarningspunkt mellan axlarna D—E och F—G. In the figure, the contour of a spheroidal, inflatable roller seen from above is represented, which lies on the axis of rotation A-B, of the solid elliptical figure drawn in solid line and is represented by the surface along which the roller moves straight forward, the axes D — E and F — G and am are plated inside and symmetrically relative to the solid figure, so that the major axis D — E lies in a longitudinal vertical section through the axis A — B and the axis F — G lies in the middle transverse section of the roller with the point C as point of intersection between axes D — E and F — G.

Om det antages, att strackan CC' avsattes i rat vinkel mot D—E och liar samma langd som tvarsektionsomkretsen eller -periferien has rullen i C sanat att strackorna D—D' och E--E', vilka aro lika med tvarsektionsomkretsen i D resp. E, och motsvarande strackor for tvarsektionsomkretsen 1 samtliga punkter pa axeln D—E avsattas, erhalles en symmetriskt krokt linje D'—C'—E', vilken representerar det stalle, till vilket varje separat punkt pa linjen D—E teoretiskt kommer att rora sig under ett fullstandigt vary hos rullen under fOrutsattning att varje separat periferilinje ken rotera oberoende ay de &riga. Assuming that the section CC 'is plotted at a right angle to D-E and having the same length as the cross-sectional circumference or periphery, the roll in C is assumed that the sections D-D' and E-E ', which are equal to the cross-sectional circumference in D resp. E, and the corresponding distances for the cross-sectional circumference 1 all points on the axis D-E are deposited, a symmetrically curved line D'-C'-E 'is obtained, which represents the place to which each separate point on the line D-E will theoretically move during a complete variation of the roller, provided that each separate peripheral line rotates independently of the others.

Genom den uppumpbara rullens konstruklion: tvingas emellertid alla periferilinjerna eller -zonerna att rora sig samtidigt. Da rullen roteras framat ett helt vary under ratlinjig rorelse, ror sig axeln A—B framat till ett genomsnittlage A'—B', och ror sig axeln D—CE hos markberoringsarean framat till ett motsvarande marklage D"—C"—E" och kommer att forbli en rat linje, vilken skar kurvan D'—C'—E' i markpunkterna 0' och P'. By the construction of the inflatable roller: however, all the peripheral lines or zones are forced to move simultaneously. As the roller is rotated forward a whole range during linear motion, the axis A — B moves forward to an average position A'— B ', and the axis D — CE of the ground contact area moves forward to a corresponding ground position D "—C" —E "and will remain a straight line, which intersects the curve D'— C'— E 'at the ground points 0' and P '.

Under ett helt vary hos den uppumpbara rullen tvingas darfor en punkt pa dess yta i C att aura bakat till C" i stallet for att rora sig fram till en markpunkt C', och tvingas ytpunkterna D och E att slim a: framat till markpunkterna D" och E" i stallet for att rora sig fram till markpunkterna D' och E', medan rullens ytpunkter 0 och P utan slirning rora sig fram till markpunkterna 0' och P'. During a complete variation of the inflatable roller, therefore, a point on its surface in C is forced to aura baked to C "instead of moving to a ground point C ', and the surface points D and E are forced to slim a: to the ground points D "and E" instead of moving to the ground points D 'and E', while the surface points 0 and P of the roller move without slipping to the ground points 0 'and P'.

De streckade ytorna D'O'D" och E'P'E" representera salunda den gradvis foranderliga sliming framat, som erfordras hos linjen D-0 resp. P—E, och den streckade ytan —3. The dashed surfaces D'O'D "and E'P'E" thus represent the gradually changing forward slimming required of the line D-0 and P — E, and the dashed area —3.

O'C"P'C'O' representerar den gradvis foranderliga sliming bakat, som erfordra:s, hos linjen 0—C--P. Dessa streckade ytor Aro slirfaktorer for den fullstandiga linjen D—E. O'C "P'C'O 'represents the gradually changing slimming baked, which requires: s, of the line 0 — C - P. These dashed surfaces Aro slip factors for the complete line D — E.

Slirfaktorerna for markberoringsytan DFEGD kan erhallas genom att integrera den elliptiska markberoringsytan med slirfakto- rerna for linjen D—E, varigenom maii erhaller faktorerna fOr sliming framat, vilka re- presenteras av ytorna D"MO'D" och P'NE"P' och vilka aro lika stora, samt faktorn for den centrala slirningen bakat, vilken senare fak- tor representeras av ytan O'LP'0', varvid det antages, att en och gamma friktionskoefficient .galler for rullens hela yta. The slip factors for the ground contact surface DFEGD can be obtained by integrating the elliptical ground contact surface with the slip factors for the line D-E, whereby the factors for forward slimming can be obtained, which are represented by the surfaces D "MO'D" and P'NE "P 'and which are equal in size, and the factor for the central slip baked, which later factor is represented by the surface O'LP'0 ', it being assumed that one and the same coefficient of friction applies to the entire surface of the roll.

Dessa faktorer for tvangsmassig sliming representera en kraftforlust, vilken i fraga om sadelrullarna i vasentlig grad elimineras genom insattning av de valvda sadelrullarna enligt fareliggande uppfinning i stallet for de cylindriska sadelrullarna enligt det ovan namnda aldre patentet. These factors for compulsive slimming represent a loss of power, which in the case of the saddle rollers is substantially eliminated by inserting the curved saddle rollers according to the present invention in the place of the cylindrical saddle rollers according to the above-mentioned age patent.

Till failjd harav kunna sadelrullarna myclet val ha grov yta utmed hela sin langd, säsom markerats genom punktering i fig. 6, for erhallande av tillfredsstallande friktionsdrivingrepp med den uppumpbara rullen under saval mycket kraftig belastning som latt belastning av fordonet. Due to this, the seat rollers can have a rough surface along their entire length, as marked by a puncture in Fig. 6, in order to obtain a satisfactory friction drive grip with the inflatable roller under a very heavy load as a light load on the vehicle.

Den vasentliga elimineringen av den tvangsmassiga slirningen mojliggor att man utan omattlig forslitning av den uppumpbara gummirullens yta any-ander en yta av slipmedel far sadelrummen, vilket snabbt skulle slita upp en slirande beroringsyta air gummi men icke snabbt sliter upp gummit under den enkla rullberaringen hos den pa ratt satt valvda sadelrullen. The essential elimination of the forcible slippage makes it possible that without excessive wear of the surface of the inflatable rubber roller any-ander an surface of abrasive enters the saddle compartments, which would quickly tear up a slippery contact surface air rubber but not quickly tear up the rubber during the simple roller bearing of the on the steering wheel sat the arched saddle roll.

I fraga om den uppumpbara rullens drivberaring med marken finnas emellertid skillsom tala for att giva denna rulle en grov yta blott i dess mittparti, sasom markerats med punktering av ytan mellan de heldragna linjerna z, z i fig. 6, och att giva rullen en jamn, latt slirande yta fran vardera linjen z till rullens narbelagna ande. However, in the case of the drive contact of the inflatable roller with the ground, there are skills which speak to give this roller a rough surface only in its middle portion, as marked by puncturing the surface between the solid lines z, z in Fig. 6, and to give the roller an even, slightly slippery surface from each line z to the near-coated spirit of the roll.

Ett air skalen hartill är, att den kraft, som framtvingar den av forrnen betingade sliming-en framat, vilken representeras av ytorna D"MO'D" och P'NE"P', Or lika stor som och motsatt den kraft, vilken framtvingar den av formen betingade slirningen bakat, som representeras av ytan O'LP'0'. Uttrycket »av for-men betingad» anvandes for att skilja den har avsedda slirningen frail all sadan som uppstar halt enkelt till foljd av dragning medelst dragstang. An air scale to this is that the force which forces the slimming-conditioned forward, which is represented by the surfaces D "MO'D" and P'NE "P ', Or is equal to and opposite to the force which forces the slip due to the shape, which is represented by the surface O'LP'0 '.

Genom att man har den uppumpbara rullens andzoner slata: och dess mittzon gray, sasom i fig. 6, kunna de punkter 0' och P', i vilka nagon sliming icke forekommer, bringas narmare varandra, vilket betyder, att den kraftforlust, som representeras av ytan O'LP'0', kommer att reduceras och att de lika stora kraftfarluster, som representeras av de bada sidoytorna, likaledes komma att reduceras till foljd av deras lagre friktionskoefficient, trots att dessa ytor bli starre. By having the and zones of the inflatable roller smooth: and its center zone gray, as in Fig. 6, the points 0 'and P', in which no slimming occurs, can be brought closer together, which means that the power loss represented of the surface O'LP'0 ', will be reduced and that the equal force loss losses, which are represented by the two side surfaces, will likewise be reduced as a result of their lower coefficient of friction, even though these surfaces become stiffer.

Den alining av verkningsgraden, som salunda kan erhallas genom att Ora den gro- Vamellan linjerna z, z i fig. 6 smalare, begransas endast genom nadvandigheten av att undvika en sadan reducering air ytan O'LP'0', som vid en given friktionskoefficient skulle resultera i att sliming fororsakas genom »dragning medelst dragstang», varvid detta uttryck avses innefatta det av tyngdkraften fororsakade motstandet, i det fall aft ett fordon klattrar uppfor en sluttning. The alignment of the efficiency which can thus be obtained by narrowing the groove between the lines z, z in Fig. 6 is limited only by the necessity of avoiding such a reduction in the area of the surface O'LP'0 ', which at a given coefficient of friction would result in slimming being caused by "pulling by means of a drawbar", this term being intended to include the resistance caused by gravity, in the event that a vehicle climbs up a slope.

.Konstruktionsdetaljerna mid de ovan beskrivna elementen kunna givetvis andras, men i den speciella konstruktion, som visas har (fig. 3)', innefattar varje sadelrulle 16 en haljesliknande, ihalig kropp 16' av metallplat, vilken fir medelst laxstjart anbragt ph och genom proppsvetsning mid 16, 16' fast mid pa lampligt satt utformade inre andpartier ay rullens andtappar, sasom tydligt visas i fig. 3. rullens holjesliknande metallkropp 16' Or genom formvulkning fast eft ytskikt 16" ay lampligt material, vilket kan vara utformat med runtomgaende spar 16, 16' och sadana andra antisliregenskaper hos lopbanan, som kunna befinnas onskvarda. The construction details of the elements described above can of course be different, but in the special construction shown has (Fig. 3) mid 16, 16 'fixed mid on suitably shaped inner duct portions ay the roller taps of the roller, as clearly shown in Fig. 3. the roll-like metal body of the roller 16' , 16 'and such other anti-slip properties of the track, which may be found to be unsightly.

Emedan, shsom ovan angivits, den ratta valvningen hos sadelrullen medgiver, att sa- delrullen har en slipmedelsyta, behaver lop- baneskiktet 16" icke vara elastiskt utan kan utgaras av ett styvt friktionsmaterial, exem- pelvis bromsbelaggning eller en blandning ay smargelpulver och en plast, exempetvis en kondensationsprodukt av formaldehyd, vilken Or tillrackligt hard for att fortsatta att kvarhalla slipmedelspartiklarna till skillnad deformerbara material, exempelvis vulkat mjukt gummi, som Or utsatt for deformering med pafaljd att slipmedelspartiklarna snabbt falla av under anvandning. Medan en sadan stomme fOr slipmedelspartiklarna bar vara hard, sasom angivits, kan den vara mindre hard On slipmedelspartiklarna, sa att den for-elites snabbare och det alltid uppratthalles ett falt ay utskjutande slipmedelspartiklar. Since, as stated above, the steering wheel curvature of the saddle roll allows the saddle roll to have an abrasive surface, the race layer 16 "need not be elastic but can be made of a rigid friction material, for example brake coating or a mixture of emery powder and a plastic , for example, a condensation product of formaldehyde, which is sufficiently hard to continue to retain the abrasive particles as opposed to deformable materials, such as vulcanized soft rubber, hard, as stated, it may be less hard On the abrasive particles, so that the for-elite faster and a field ay protruding abrasive particles is always maintained.

Varje mile 11 har, sasom visas, i vardera anden ett centralt hOl, och varje halbegransande kant ph rullen befinner sig mellan och Or foretradesvis fastvulkad vid ett par spannringar 1r, 11'. I rullens hogra ande Or appningen genom spannringama tillsluten me-deist en backning lid och en flans 11°, vilken Or utformad i ett med ruliens axel 11'. Packningen 11d och flansen 11° ha sadan storlek, att de overlappa spannringarna 11', 11', och kunna vara fastspanda anda mid dessa me-deist bultar 11', 11'. Each mile 11 has, as shown, in each spirit a central hole, and each semicircular edge of the roll is located between and Or preferably vulcanized at a pair of tension rings 1r, 11 '. In the upper part of the roller, the opening through the clamping rings is closed by means of a backing lid and a flange 11 °, which is formed integrally with the axis 11 'of the roller. The gasket 11d and the flange 11 ° are of such a size that they overlap the clamping rings 11 ', 11', and can be clamped together with these medial bolts 11 ', 11'.

I rullens vanstra ande Or axeln 11 utformad med en flans 11g med tillrackligt liten yttre diameter far att kunna inforas genom 4— — ringarna 1P, 11° i rullens hogra ande vid hopsattningen av delarna. Utstromning av luft Fan rullens vanstra ande Indian spannringarna och flansen 11g forhindras medelst en packning 1P, en ringformig spannplatta 11' och spannbultar For ledning av uppumpningsfluidum in i eller ut ur rullen ãr axeln 11 ihâlig, har sin vagg utformad med lufthal 1P, 11k och är i var och en av sina andar forsedd med en nippel 11' till en backventil. In the left-hand end of the roller, the shaft 11 formed with a flange 11g with a sufficiently small outer diameter must be able to be inserted through the rings 1P, 11 ° in the right-hand direction of the roller when assembling the parts. Outflow of air From the left end of the roller Indian clamps and flange 11g are prevented by means of a gasket 1P, an annular clamping plate 11 'and clamping bolts. is in each of its spirits provided with a nipple 11 'to a non-return valve.

En vasentlig fordel med det slags rorelse, som astadkommes medelst denna fordonstyp, är Finnigan hos ett sadant fordon att taga sig fram i svar terrang. Om emellertid anden pa en uppumpbar mile, sasom visas i fig. 3, rullar Over ett hinder, exempelvis en sten 24, kan allvarlig skadegorelse fororsakas pa rullen vid foreningsstallet mellan rullen och dess navkonstruktion. Liknande skadegorelse kan aven uppsta, da enheten tippar tillrackligt mycket at ena sidan for att rullens nay skall tillatas slapa pa marken. For att skydda rullens navomrade kunna gaffelarmarna 13 vara sd utformade, att de stracka sig framat och neat for att bilda en med 25, vilken glider Over hindret eller langs marken, vilket fallet nu kan Tara, och salunda skyddar rullen omkring navomradet. Medar eller andra navskyddande anordningar, exempelvis de hjul, som skola beskrivas i det foljande, med lampliga stopporgan kunna skydda rullen Oven i det fall, da. den tommes pa luft, under uppumpning eller Overbelastning. A significant advantage of the kind of movement that is achieved by this type of vehicle is the Finnigan of such a vehicle to get around in rough terrain. However, if the spirit on an inflatable mile, as shown in Fig. 3, rolls over an obstacle, for example a stone 24, serious damage can be caused to the roll at the junction between the roll and its hub structure. Similar damage can also occur, as the unit tilts sufficiently on one side to allow the roller to slip on the ground. In order to protect the hub area of the roller, the fork arms 13 can be so designed that they extend forward and not to form one with 25, which slides over the obstacle or along the ground, as the case can now Tara, and thus protects the roller around the hub area. Switches or other hub-protecting devices, for example the wheels, which will be described in the following, can protect the roller with suitable stop means. it is emptied of air, during inflation or overload.

En undersokning av de krafter, som upptrada yid drift av fordonet framat, ger folj an-de: Sasom markeras med pilen 26, drager en vridmomentkraft, vilken meddelas av sadelrullarna tangentiellt mot den uppumpbara rullens lastuppbarande yta, vaggen under spanning 27 omkring fluidumkroppen, varigenom fluidet bringas att rora sig framat, sa.- som markeras medelst pilar 28, 28, varigenom tryck 29 Overfores mot rullens franne omrade och det genom spanningar 30, 30 i vaggen anbringas en framatriktad kraft 31 pa axeln. An examination of the forces which occurred during operation of the vehicle forward gives the following: As indicated by the arrow 26, a torque force is transmitted by the saddle rollers tangential to the load-bearing surface of the inflatable roller, the cradle under tension 27 around the fluid body, whereby the fluid is caused to move forward, which is marked by arrows 28, 28, whereby pressure 29 is transferred to the fringe area of the roller and a forward force 31 is applied to the shaft by stresses 30, 30.

DO kraften 31 anbringas pa axeln, resulterar detta icke blott i att en framatriktad kraft Overfores till gaffeln och salunda till fordonsramen utan Oven i att gaffelarmarna, till loll d av att axeln. ligger lagre an gaffelns svangtappar, tvingas att svanga uppat, sasom markeras medelst en pil 32, varigenom det totala trycket mellan den lastuppbarande ytan pa den uppumpbara rullen och sadelrullarna okar. DO the force 31 is applied to the shaft, this results not only in a forward force being transmitted to the fork and salunda to the vehicle frame but also in that the fork arms, to loll d of that shaft. is lower than the pivot pins of the fork, is forced to pivot upwards, which is marked by an arrow 32, whereby the total pressure between the load-bearing surface of the inflatable roller and the saddle rollers increases.

Denna uppatriktade kraft, som utvecklas automatiskt under enhetens nirelse framat till foljd av det framatriktade lutande laget hos gaffeln, ar av stort varde, emedan den avsevart okar den totala beroringsarean och foljaktligen den totala traktionen radian sadelrullarna och den uppumpbara rullen, varige nom den totala kraft, som kan overforas mellan sadelrullarna oeh den uppumpbara rullen, okas. This upward force, which develops automatically during the movement of the unit forward due to the forward inclined layer of the fork, is of great value, since it considerably increases the total contact area and consequently the total traction radian the saddle rollers and the inflatable roller, lasting by the total force , which can be transferred between the saddle rollers and the inflatable roller, okas.

Okningen av det totala trycket Indian sadelrullarna och den uppumpbara rullen till foljd av att gaffelarmarna tvingas uppat, kan jamforas med den Wining i tryck, som utvecklas Indian foten °eh innersulan, da man drager uppat i en kfingstropp. The increase in the total pressure of the Indian saddle rollers and the inflatable roller as a result of the forks being forced upwards can be compared with the Wining in pressure which develops in the Indian foot and the insole, when one pulls upwards in a kfing strap.

En ytterligare uppa.triktad kraft pa den uppumpbara rullens axel och salunda en okning av den totala arean och det totala trycket mellan de lastuppbarande ytorna has den uppumpbara rullen och sadelrullarna kan efter onskan anbringas av foraren medelst en anordning, exempelvis en lina 33, som ar anbragt vid' en gaffelarm och passerar Over linskivor, innefattande en handspaklinskiva 34, till en gaff elarm pa fordonets andra sida. Sadan relativ anpressning av den uppumpbara rullen mot dess sadelrullar medelst linan 33 kan vara speciellt onskvard vid drift av fordonet bakat, varvid gaffelarmarna icke giva nagon ;>kangstroppseffekb. A further applied force on the shaft of the inflatable roller and thus an increase in the total area and the total pressure between the load-bearing surfaces has the inflatable roller and the saddle rollers can be applied by the driver by means of a device, for example a line 33, which is mounted on a fork arm and passes over pulleys, including a hand lever pulley 34, to a forked alarm on the other side of the vehicle. Such relative pressing of the inflatable roller against its saddle rollers by means of the rope 33 can be particularly inconvenient during operation of the vehicle baked, the forks not giving any edging effect.

I framre anden av fordonet är det under dess ram 10 medelst en vridtapp 35 och plat-tor 37, 38 vridbart monterat en lagerram 39, vilken i stort sett ãr likadan som de sasoin upp- och nedvanda lador utformade ramarna 15 baktill pa fordonet, varvid den Ovre plat-tan 37 ar fast vid fordonsramen och den nedre plattan 38 är fast vid lagerramen 39 samt utmed sin omkrets utformad med koniska kugghjulstander f6r vridning ax ramen omkring vridtappen medelst ett koniskt drev 40, som ar monterat pa lampligt satt och vrides medelst en matt 41. In the front end of the vehicle, a bearing frame 39 is rotatably mounted below its frame 10 by means of a pivot pin 35 and plates 37, 38, which are substantially similar to the frames 15 formed at the rear of the vehicle, similar to the so-called upturned and downturned barns. the upper plate 37 is fixed to the vehicle frame and the lower plate 38 is fixed to the bearing frame 39 and along its circumference formed with conical gear stands for rotating the frame around the pivot pin by means of a conical gear 40, which is mounted in a suitable manner and rotated by means of a matt 41.

I den upp- och nedvanda ladan 39 arc fritt lagrade en uppsattning sadelrullar, vilka i huvudsak motsvara uppsattningarna baktill pa fordonet med undantag av att de icke aro drivna. De vim a pa den uppumpbara rullen 12, vilken namnts ovan sasom en del av stOdoch • styranordningen for fordonets framre ande, och den uppumpbara rullen liar en axel 42, vilken 1 huvudsak motsvarar de bakre axlarna 11'. Gaffeln for denna rulles 12 axel och dess monteringsanordning motsvara i huvudsak de andra gafflarna utom i vissa avseenden, vilka komma att diskuteras i det fol.- j ande. A set of seat rollers, which substantially correspond to the sets at the rear of the vehicle, with the exception of the fact that they are not driven, are freely stored in the upturned and unloaded barn 39 arc. They are mounted on the inflatable roller 12, which is referred to above as part of the front end support device of the vehicle, and the inflatable roller bears a shaft 42, which substantially corresponds to the rear axles 11 '. The fork for this roller 12 axis and its mounting device substantially correspond to the other forks except in certain respects, which will be discussed in the following.

Det pafallande draget hos denna stod- och styranordning am, att lagerramens 39 vridningsaxel, som ligger i fordonets vertikala langsgaende plan, lutar bakat, i det att dess ovre ande befinner sig bakom dess nedre ande. The striking feature of this standing and guiding device is that the axis of rotation 39 of the bearing frame 39, which lies in the vertical longitudinal plane of the vehicle, slopes backwards, in that its upper spirit is behind its lower spirit.

Till folj d av detta snedlage hos lagerramens axel medfiir vridning av enheten mot hoger eller vanster icke blott andring av den upppumpbara rullens lage liksom vid den vanliga styrningen av ett fordon i en kurva utan Oven tvangsmassig sankning av den bide pa. den uppumpbara rullen, som befinner sig pa kur- — — vans insida, och tvangsmassig lyftning av rullens andra ande pa kurvans utsida. As a result of this inclination of the shaft of the bearing frame, rotation of the unit to the right or left not only involves changing the bearing of the inflatable roller as in the usual steering of a vehicle in a curve but also forced lowering of the bit. the inflatable roller, which is located on the inside of the curve, and forced lifting of the other spirit of the roller on the outside of the curve.

Denna verkan visas enbart i illustrationssyfte och icke for verklig drift av ett fordon, som drives medelst de bakre rullarna 11, vid installning i ett ytterlage i 900 vinkel i fig. 8. This effect is shown for illustrative purposes only and not for actual operation of a vehicle driven by the rear rollers 11, when installed in an outer layer at an angle of 900 ° in Fig. 8.

Sadan tvangsmassig snedstallning av den uppumpbara rullen i fordonets sidoriktning har den verkan, att rullens belastningscentrum genom den bibehallna parallelismen mellan plattorna 37, 38 forskjutes med avseende pa sadelrullarna och med avseende pa mar-ken mot rullens nedpressade ande. Such a forced inclination of the inflatable roller in the lateral direction of the vehicle has the effect that the load center of the roller is displaced by the maintained parallelism between the plates 37, 38 with respect to the saddle rollers and with respect to the ground against the depressed spirit of the roller.

Trots deformeringen av den uppumpbara rullens t-varsektionsomkretsar bibringas rullen en konisk miles riktverkan. Detta kan fiirtydligas genom hanvisning till diagrammet i fig. 7. Det framgar, att rullens lutning i sidled medfor fOrskjutning av punkterna 0' och P', i vilka nagon sliming icke forekommer, i en och samma riktning. Om det antages, att bada punkterna forskjutas mot hoger med avseende pa diagrammet i fig. 7, kommer punkten P' att rora sig mot sadana delar av rullen, som ha mindre omkrets, och punkten 0' att rora sig mot sadana delar av rullen, som ha stone omkrets. Emedan nagon sliming icke forekommer i dessa punkter, kommer den stone omkrets uppvisande delen av rullen i 0' att rora sig Over marker!, fortare an den mindre omkrets uppvisande delen av rullen i P'. Despite the deformation of the t-section circumferences of the inflatable roller, the roller is imparted a conical mile directing action. This can be explained by reference to the diagram in Fig. 7. It can be seen that the lateral inclination of the roller causes displacement of the points 0 'and P', in which no slimming occurs, in one and the same direction. Assuming that both points are shifted to the right with respect to the diagram in Fig. 7, point P 'will move towards such parts of the roller which have a smaller circumference, and point 0' will move towards such parts of the roller, which have stone perimeter. Since no slimming occurs at these points, the stone circumferential part of the roller in 0 'will move over chips !, faster than the smaller circumferential part of the roller in P'.

Genom verkan av en konisk rulle minskas den totala markslirning eller -krypning, som fOrorsakas genom styrning. By the action of a conical roller, the total ground slip or creep, which is caused by steering, is reduced.

Fig. 1 och 8 ha medtagits aven for att visa anvandandet av hjul 43, 43 shsom skyddsorgan for den uppumpbara rullen. Vardera axelanden eller axeltappen pa rullen, som ar lagrad i en av armarna 44 pa gaffeln, skjuter utanfor sitt lager i gaffeln, och pa densamma ãr ett av hjulen 43 lagrat. Om denna framre rullanordning icke är drivande, sasom liar avses, finnes intet behov av att Oka tryeket melIan den uppumpbara rullen och dess sadelrullar. Figs. 1 and 8 have also been included to show the use of wheels 43, 43 as protection means for the inflatable roller. Each axle end or axle pin on the roller, which is mounted in one of the arms 44 on the fork, projects outside its bearing in the fork, and on it one of the wheels 43 is mounted. If this front roller device is not driving, as intended, there is no need to increase the pressure between the inflatable roller and its saddle rollers.

Sattet for drift av fordonet och den inbordes samverkan mellan dess delar torde tillrackligt tydligt ha kommit till uttryck i foregaende beskrivning. The method of operation of the vehicle and the inboard interaction between its parts should have been sufficiently clearly expressed in the previous description.

Det kan vara onskvart att for okning av traktionen eller f Or nedsattning i vatten delvis fylla vardera rullen med en vatska. It may be inconvenient to partially fill each roller with a liquid to increase traction or reduction in water.

Den valvda formen hos rullarna a"- viktig for dem alla, icke blott emedan det darigenom är relativt Mit att andra deras lagen och den framre rullen kan verka sasom en konisk utan aven i fraga om overforingen av framdrivningskrafter frail det mittre partiet av rullens framre vagg till dess andpartier i fraga om de drivande bakre rullarna och fran andpartierna pa den skjutna framre rullen till naittpartiet hos dess bakre vagg. Saken kan annorlunda uttryckas sa, att den valvda upp- pumpbara rullen sasom en luftstOdd balk Or mera effektivt stodd mot bojning i sin helhet an en cylindrisk uppumpbar rulle av samma volym. The curved shape of the rollers a "- important to all of them, not only because it is thereby relatively My that their law and the front roller can act as a conical without even in the matter of the transmission of propulsive forces from the middle portion of the front cradle of the roller to its duck portions in the case of the driving rear rollers and from the duck portions on the slid front roller to the seam portion of its rear cradle. whole of a cylindrical inflatable roller of the same volume.

Claims

Patent claim:

Rolling device for vehicles, comprising a pulley roller inflatable with a flexible rock challenge with such an axially elongated shape that it is flattened when loaded against flat ground over a surface which has a stone dimension in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction, and a load-bearing bearing mounted on the pulley. construction with a bearing frame and one or more saddle rollers then mounted, which extend in the longitudinal direction of the carriage roll and limo arranged to run on the outside of the carriage roller to transfer the load exerted on the roller device to the carriage roll, characterized in that each saddle roller (16) decreases in diameter against the spirits of the roller to avoid slimming between the seat roller and the roller (11 or 12).

Roller device according to claim 1, characterized in that the saddle rollers (16) have a rough surface over their entire length.

Roller device according to claim 1 or 2, in which the load-bearing structure comprises suspension arms which are pivotally mounted on. the bearing frame and connect it to the carriage roll, characterized in that the suspension arms (13) can be lifted within certain limits by means of a manually actuable rope (33).

Rolling device according to claim 3, characterized in that the suspension arms (13) are arranged with a similar surface (25) in order to directly transmit to the load-bearing lion structure forces which arise, for example, as a result of ground flats, which are stone on the roller ( 11) effective radius.

Roller device according to claim 3, characterized in that in each spirit of the carriage roller (12) Or a wheel (43) is arranged, which Or is arranged to directly transfer to the load-bearing structure forces which arise, for example, in the presence of ground bodies, which are stone an vagrullens effective radius.

Rolling device according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the axis of rotation of the roller (12) is forcibly tilted in the transverse direction of the vehicle to displace the center of the load air acting on the roller in the longitudinal direction of the roller shaft, thereby guiding the roller.

Rolling device according to claim 6, characterized in that the load-bearing structure is mounted on a vehicle frame (10) for rotation about an axis which jigger in a longitudinal vertical plane to the vehicle frame but is inclined in relation to the direction of movement. , so that rotation of the load-bearing structure on the said shaft in order to steer the vehicle entails lowering of the second air roller, which is on the inside air of the roller track, and lifting of the second spirit of the roller in relation to the vehicle frame.

Rolling device according to one of the preceding patent claims, characterized in that the middle part of the ground-contacting surface of the carriage is provided with means which offer very high resistance to slimming against the ground, while on the other hand the parts of the ground-touching surface which are closer an-damn, are arranged to offer relatively weak resistance to such sliming per unit area. Cited publications: Patents from Sweden 174685.