SE190843C1 - - Google Patents
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- Publication number
- SE190843C1 SE190843C1 SE190843DA SE190843C1 SE 190843 C1 SE190843 C1 SE 190843C1 SE 190843D A SE190843D A SE 190843DA SE 190843 C1 SE190843 C1 SE 190843C1
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- cylinder
- piston
- working
- pressure
- quick
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001139947 Mida Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001590997 Moolgarda engeli Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
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Description
KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK B 23 j49 g:10/01 PATENT- OCH REGISTRERINGSVERKET Ans. 7694/1957 inkom den 23/8 1957 utlagd den 16/12 1963 M GLAS, FRANKFURT A.M., FORBUNDSREPUBLIKEN TYSKLAND Hydraulisk press Prioritet begird frau den 23 augusti 1956 (Forbundsrepubliken Tyskland) Foreliggande uppfinning hanfOr sig till en hydraulisk press med en tvastegskolv, vars starre kolv glider i en forsta cylinder (arbetscylinder), och vars mindre kolv glider i en andra cylinder (snabbcylinder), vilka cylindrar aro sk.ilda genom en mellanvagg och ha tryckvatskeasslutningar for valfri tillforsel av tryckvatska pa bagge kolvsidor. CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH B 23 j49 g: 10/01 PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 7694/1957 was received on 23/8 1957 issued on 16/12 1963 M GLASS, FRANKFURT AM, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY Hydraulic press Priority requested from 23 August 1956 (Federal Republic of Germany) The present invention relates to a hydraulic press with a two-stage piston, piston slides in a first cylinder (working cylinder), and whose smaller piston slides in a second cylinder (quick cylinder), which cylinders are separated by a partition and have pressurized water tank connections for any supply of pressurized water on rear piston sides.
Uppfinningen liar till andamal att astadkomma en sadan hydraulisk press med sarskilt kompakt konstruktion och att astadkomma en minskning av tryckvatskans volym och styrelementen. The object of the invention is to provide such a hydraulic press with a particularly compact construction and to provide a reduction in the volume of the pressure vessel and the control elements.
I fOrsta hand uppnas detta genom att i en tredje cylinder (tryck5verforingscylinder), viLken omgiver snabbcylindern ringformigt och likaledes är skild fran arbetscylindern genom mellanvaggen, en pa bada sidor paverkbar, som rorkolv utbildad, tryckoverforingskolv Ar glidbar, vars r6r med sin fria aside ar glidbar i en ringformig, tryekOverfOringscylindern med arbetscylindern forbindande Opp-sing i mellanvaggen samt kan intranga i arbetscylindern. In the first place this is achieved by in a third cylinder (pressure transfer cylinder), which surrounds the quick cylinder annularly and is also separated from the working cylinder by the intermediate wall, one can be actuated on both sides, as a rudder piston is formed, pressure transfer piston is slidable, whose tube is slidable with its free side in an annular, pressure transfer cylinder with the working cylinder connecting Oppsing in the intermediate wall and can penetrate into the working cylinder.
Vid en sadan utformning av tryckoverforingskolven kunna de vid dennas arbets- och returslag paverkade ytorna utformas med vasentligt mindre storlek An vid icke sasom rot.- kolvar utformade tryckoverfOringskolvar, sa att en minskning av den tryckvatskevolym, .som skall anvandas, uppnas. Besparingen av tryckvatska vid arbetsslaget och returslaget kan exempelvis vara sh stor, att det vid samma effekt som vid kanda, hydrauliska pressar antingen endast fordras en pump med halften sA stor kapacitet eller vid samma pumpkapacitet dubbelt sa stort slagtal kan uppnas. With such a design of the pressure transfer piston, the surfaces affected by its working and return stroke can be designed with a substantially smaller size than pressure transfer pistons designed not as rotary pistons, so that a reduction of the pressure water volume to be used is achieved. The saving of pressure water during the working stroke and the return stroke can, for example, be so great that at the same power as with kanda, hydraulic presses either only a pump with half sA large capacity is required or at the same pump capacity twice as large stroke number can be achieved.
I detalj kan utformningen vara sadan, att snabbcylindern skjuter in delvis i arbetscylindern, varvid mellanvaggen med den ringformiga oppningen Midas genom en hire ansats hos arbetscylindern och en. yttre ansats has snabbeylinclern, genom en del av sjalva snabbcylindern och genom det derma del av snabbcylindern avslutande, Iran kolvstangen genomtrangda cylinderlocket, varigenom i arbetscylindern ett ringformigt rum bildas, i vilket rOret hos tryckoverforingskolven kan intranga. Vidare omgiver roret hos tryckoverfOringskolven snabbcylindern pa ett avstand, sa att tryekoverforingscylindern mom omradet for roret uppdelas i tva koncentriskt anordnade cylinderdelrum, vilka avslutas av tryckoverforingskolven pa dennas den fria roranden motsatta Ande genom en yttre flans och en inre ansats. In detail, the design may be such that the quick-release cylinder projects partially into the working cylinder, the intermediate wall with the annular opening Midas through a hire approach of the working cylinder and a. the quick-release cylinder has an outer shoulder, through a part of the quick-release cylinder itself and through that part of the quick-release cylinder, the piston rod penetrating the piston rod, whereby in the working cylinder an annular space is formed, into which the tube of the pressure transfer piston can penetrate. Furthermore, the tube of the pressure transfer piston surrounds the quick-release cylinder at a distance, so that the pressure transfer cylinder within the area of the tube is divided into two concentrically arranged cylinder subspaces, which are terminated by the pressure transfer piston on its free rudder edge opposite by an outer flange and an inner shoulder.
Detta mojliggor konstanthallning av den tryekvatskemangd, som befinner sig i arbetscylinderns rumsdel, i vilken tryckoverforingskolven skjuter in, Iran slutet av arbetskolvens suabbarbetsslag till borjan av dess snabbreturslag. FOr ,detta andamal dr anordnad en frail den fria roranden hos tryckoverforingskolven styrd radialOppning hos arbetscylindern, genom vilken de bada genom arbetskolven skilda rumsdelarna has densamma aro f8rbundna med varandra. This allows the constant holding of the pressure vessel shaft, which is located in the compartment of the working cylinder, into which the pressure transfer piston projects, the end of the working piston of the working piston to the beginning of its rapid return stroke. For this purpose, a free radial opening of the pressure transfer piston is arranged in a controlled radial opening of the working cylinder, through which the two room parts separated by the working piston have the same connection to each other.
Genom denna utformning av den hydrauliska pressen, speciellt genom utformningen av tryekoverfOringskolven sasom rorkolv, kan joke endast ett kompakt byggnadssatt for den hydrauliska pressen, utan alien den mojligheten uppnas, att utforma den hydrauliska pressen sasom en. enkel cylindrisk enhet, som blott maste forses med en tryckvatsketillforselledfling och en tryckvatskebortfOrselledning, vilka ungeffir kunna ligga i ett radialplan hos cylinders, sh att utformningen av ett stationart eller transportabelt mottryckorganet innehallande stativ och infogningen av den hydrauliska pressen i detsamma blir ytterst enkel. By this design of the hydraulic press, especially by the design of the pressure transfer piston as a rudder piston, joke can only be a compact construction set for the hydraulic press, without alien the possibility is obtained, to design the hydraulic press as one. simple cylindrical unit, which only has to be provided with a pressure vessel supply line and a pressure vessel discharge line, which can approximately lie in a radial plane of cylinders, so that the design of a stationary or transportable back pressure means containing frame and the insertion of the hydraulic press therein is extremely simple.
Vidare kunna genom denna utformning ett fullstandigt skiljande av snabbcylindern och arbetscylindern och en hastighets5verforing 2— — vid snabbarbetsslaget och vid snabbreturslaget liksom bortfall av en. de bada sistnamnda cylindrarna forbindande ventil uppnas. Dessutom mojliggor anvandningen av en sarskild stangkropp, som uppbar den stora och den lilla kolven., uttagning av tryck- eller dragkrafter av samma storlek frau kolvstangen vid samma verkningsgrad. Furthermore, by means of this design, a complete separation of the high-speed cylinder and the working cylinder and a speed transfer 2 - at the high-speed working stroke and at the quick-return stroke as well as the loss of one. the two last-mentioned cylinders connecting valve are achieved. In addition, the use of a special rod body, which carried the large and the small piston, allows the extraction of compressive or tensile forces of the same size from the piston rod at the same efficiency.
Arbetscylindem kan bildas av en cylinderhylsa, som är anordnad utbytbart i en bade snabbcylindern och tryckoverforingskolven omslutande yttermantel och pa utsidan har langsgaende spar, som i andarna sta i förbin- delse med cylinderhylsans inre. The working cylinder can be formed by a cylinder sleeve, which is arranged interchangeably in both the quick cylinder and the pressure transfer piston enclosing the outer jacket and on the outside has longitudinal grooves, which in the spirits are in communication with the interior of the cylinder sleeve.
Arbetscylindern kan emellertid aven vara framstalld i ett stycke. I detta fall har dess mantel langsgaende borrhal och i anslutning till ,dessa anordnade, till arbetscylinderns cylinderrum forande, radiella borrhal, varigenom de bagge genom arbetskolven skilda cylinderrummen forbindas med varandra. However, the working cylinder can also be made in one piece. In this case, its jacket has a longitudinal bore and in connection with, these arranged, radial bore leading to the cylinder space of the working cylinder, whereby the cylinder spaces separated by the working piston are connected to each other.
Dessutom aro arbetscylinderns och snabbcylinderns vid kolvarnas returrarelse verksamma cylinderrum forbundna med varandra genom ett axiellt hal i kolvstangen och till detta anslutna radiella borrhal. In addition, the cylinder chambers of the working cylinder and the quick cylinder at the return movement of the pistons are connected to each other by an axial hall in the piston rod and to this radial drill hall connected thereto.
Tvastegskolven kan jamte kolvstangen vara genomborrad i axiell riktning. I detta fall anordnas det i axiell riktning forlopande borrhal som forbinder de vid kolvarnas returrorelse verksamma cylinderrummen, i kolvstangens mantel. The two-stage piston and the piston rod can be drilled in the axial direction. In this case, a borehole extending in the axial direction, which connects the cylinder chambers acting during the return movement of the pistons, is arranged in the jacket of the piston rod.
Snabbcylindern, som omfattar de for den lilla kolvens och tryckoverforingskolvens rarelse fram och tillbaka erforderliga borrhalen, anordnas vid ena anden ay en forlangning av yttermanteln, vilken forlangning uppvisar de med snabbcylinderns borrhal i forbindelse staende anslutningarna till huvudledningarna for tryckvRtskan. The quick-release cylinder, which comprises the reciprocating bore required for the recirculation of the small piston and the pressure transfer piston, is arranged at one end on a extension of the outer casing, which extension has the connections connected to the main cylinder of the quick-release bore for the quick-release fluid.
Yttermantelns forlangning kan bildas av en med densamma hopskruvad hylsa, som ar gangad invandigt yid sin fria ande, i vilken finnes ett utvandigt gangat motanslag for ett pa kolvstangen anordnat anslag. Det sistnamnda anslaget kan vara skruvat pa kolvstangen. Harigenom är det mojligt aft begransa slaglangden och att utifran genom vridning reglera den arbetande tryckvatskevolymen. The demand of the outer jacket can be formed by a sleeve screwed together with it, which is wound internally by its free spirit, in which there is an externally threaded counter-stop for a stop arranged on the piston rod. The latter stop may be screwed onto the piston rod. As a result, it is possible to limit the stroke length and to regulate the working pressure water volume from the outside by turning.
Enligt en utforingsform av pressen kan kolvstangens tryckande vara omgiven ay en under arbetsslaget framforgaende tryckhylsa, som drives av en i den som cylinder utformade, stora kolven lopande tryckhylsan drivande kolven paverkas genom den tryckvatska, som fartranges under den lilla kolvens rarelse framat. Tryckhylsekolvens med tryckRiedel fyllda cylinderrum star under arbetsslaget i forbindelse med arbetscylinderns med tryckvatska icke fyllda cylinderrum, sa att den stora kolvens och armed kolvstangens rorelse under arbetsslaget bromsas i forhal lande till tryckhylsans rorelse under arbetsslaget. According to an embodiment of the press, the pressure of the piston rod may be surrounded by a pressure sleeve advancing during the work stroke, which is driven by a piston driving the piston driving in the large piston running as a cylinder, which is actuated by the pressure vessel which is displaced under the small piston. The pressure cylinder piston-filled cylinder chambers are filled during the working stroke in connection with the working cylinder of the non-filled cylinder spaces with pressure vessel, so that the movement of the large piston and the armed piston rod during the working stroke is slowed down in relation to the pressure sleeve movement during the working stroke.
Far att de under arbetsslaget och returslaget ur arbetscylinderns bagge cylinderrum fartrangda vatskevolymerna skola bli lika stora, har den till den stora kolven anslutna delen av kolvstangen, som under arbetsslaget befinner sig i arbetscylinderns under tryek staende rum, samma diameter som tryckhylsan. In the event that the volume of liquid displaced during the working stroke and the return stroke from the working cylinder space of the working cylinder should be equal, the part of the piston rod connected to the large piston, which during the working stroke is in the working cylinder under pressure, has the same diameter as the pressure sleeve.
Uppfinningen kommer i det foljande att beskrivas narmare med hanvisning till bifogade ritningar, vilka som exempel visa nagra utfaringsformer. Fig. 1 ar ett axialsnitt av en hydraulisk cylinder med kolven i utgangslage. Fig. 2 visar en detalj i fig. 1 i starre skala. Fig. 3 ar ett mot fig. 1 svarande axialsnitt med kolvarna i det lage, som de intaga efter den snabba frammatningen under det egentliga arbetsslaget. Fig. 4 ar en sidovy av en genomborrad kolvsta'ng. Fig. 5 visar en detalj i fig. 1 med modifierad arbetscylinder. Fig. 6 visar en detalj i fig. 1 med en ytterligare tryckhylsa. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, which show, by way of example, some embodiments. Fig. 1 is an axial section of a hydraulic cylinder with the piston in the starting position. Fig. 2 shows a detail in Fig. 1 on a larger scale. Fig. 3 is an axial section corresponding to Fig. 1 with the pistons in the bearing which they take after the rapid feed during the actual working stroke. Fig. 4 is a side view of a pierced piston rod. Fig. 5 shows a detail in Fig. 1 with modified working cylinder. Fig. 6 shows a detail in Fig. 1 with an additional pressure sleeve.
Den hydrauliska cylindern enligt fig. 1-3 omfattar en dubbelkolv med genomgdende kolvstang, varvid den stora kolven, dvs. arbetskolven, ãr betecknad med 38, den lilla kolven, dvs. snabbkolven, med 19 och kolvstangen med 4. Av tillverkningsskal bestar den stora kolven av tva. delar 36' och 36", -vilka aro forbundna med varandra genom skruvar. Detta betingar aven en uppdelning av kolvstangen 4 pa delarna 4' och 4", som vid de mot varandra vanda andarna uppbara den stora kolvens 36 delar 36' och 36". Den lilla kolven 19 arbetar i en. snabbcylinder 22, medan den stora kolven 36 arbetar i en arbetscylinder 26, som i ena anden är tillsluten genom det inskruvade cylinderlocket 28. Snabbcylindern 22 stracker sig med sin ena dude, som dr till-sinter} med det av kolvstangen 4 genomlopta cylinderlocket 22', vilket bildar en del av vaggen mellan arbetscylindern 26 och snabbcylindem 22, sâ in i arbetscylindern 26, att det bildas ett ringformigt rum 7. Snabbcylinderns 22 andra, av en av kolvstangerna 4 genomlopta lock 22" tillslutna ande är anordnad i en cylindrisk forlangning pa arbetscylindern 26, som vid den visade utforingsformen ãr utformad som en med arbetscylindern 26 koaxiell hylsa 23, som ãr fOrbunden med arbetscylindern 26 genom en ganga 24. The hydraulic cylinder according to Figs. 1-3 comprises a double piston with a continuous piston rod, the large piston, i.e. the working piston, is denoted by 38, the small piston, i.e. the quick-release piston, with 19 and the piston rod with 4. The large piston consists of two of the manufacturing shells. parts 36 'and 36 ", which are connected to each other by screws. This also requires a division of the piston rod 4 into the parts 4' and 4", which at the facing spirits support the parts 36 'and 36 "of the large piston 36. The small piston 19 operates in a quick-release cylinder 22, while the large piston 36 operates in a working cylinder 26, which in one breath is closed by the screwed-in cylinder cover 28. The quick-release cylinder 22 extends with its one dude, which dr-sinter}. with the cylinder cover 22 'passed through by the piston rod 4, which forms part of the cradle between the working cylinder 26 and the quick cylinder 22, so into the working cylinder 26 that an annular space 7 is formed, the second cover 22 of the quick cylinder 22, passed through by the piston rods 4 " closed spirit is arranged in a cylindrical extension on the working cylinder 26, which in the embodiment shown is designed as a sleeve 23 coaxial with the working cylinder 26, which is connected to the working cylinder 26 through a passage 24.
Hylsan 23 ãr i sin ande forsedd med en invandig ganga 24', i vilken är inskruvad en med motsvarande, utvandiga ganga forsedd, av kolvstangen 4 genomliipt propp 25, vilken kan tjanstgora som anslag for begransning av kolvstangens 4 returslag. Motanslaget bildas av en pa kolvstangen 4 sittande stallring 21, vilken aven kan begransa rorelsen tram-at. I detta fall ar stallringen 21 med sin ganga 20 skruvad pa motsvarande, gangade del pa kolvstangen 4. Rorelsen framat avslutas, da_ — —3 stallringens 21 andyta kommer till anliggning mot hylsans 23 inre andyta 27. The sleeve 23 is provided in its spirit with an internal thread 24 ', in which is screwed a plug 25 provided with a corresponding, external thread, pierced by the piston rod 4, which can serve as a stop for limiting the return stroke of the piston rod 4. The counter stop is formed by a stable ring 21 sitting on the piston rod 4, which can also limit the movement of the tram. In this case, the stable ring 21 with its thread 20 is screwed onto the corresponding, threaded part of the piston rod 4. The forward movement is terminated when the end face 21 of the stable ring 21 comes into abutment against the inner end face 27 of the sleeve 23.
Arbetscylindern 26 bestar av en inre cylinderhylsa 26', som vid sin omkrets liar lungsgaende spar 6 och är anordnad i en utvandig mantel 26". Vid den inre cylinderhylsans 26 mot cylinderlocket 28 vanda andyta finnas med de langsgaende sparen 6 i f5rbindelse staende, ringsegmentformiga urtagningar 10'. I narheten av sin andra ande uppvisar den inre cylinderhylsan 26' radiella borrhal 10, som sta i f5rbindelse med de langsgaende sparen 6. Den inre cylinderhylsan 26' är sakrad mot f8rskjutning i axiellt led i den ena riktningen genom en i yttermanteln 26" inford lasring 40. The working cylinder 26 consists of an inner cylindrical sleeve 26 ', which at its circumference is an elongate groove 6 and is arranged in an outer jacket 26 ". At the surface of the inner cylindrical sleeve 26 towards the cylinder head 28 there are annular recesses with the longitudinal grooves 6 connected. Near its second end, the inner cylinder sleeve 26 'has radial drill holes 10 which communicate with the longitudinal grooves 6. The inner cylinder sleeve 26' is secured against displacement in the axial direction in one direction by a in the outer casing 26. "inford lasring 40.
Genom denna konstruktion av arbetscylindern 26 blir det mojligt alt framstalla yttermanteln 26" som en separat, utbytbar och vandbar del, sit all det ãr likgiltigt i vilken ande hylsan 23 eller cylinderlocket 28 inskruvas. Through this construction of the working cylinder 26 it becomes possible to produce the outer casing 26 "as a separate, replaceable and waterable part, all of which are indifferent in which spirit the sleeve 23 or cylinder cover 28 is screwed.
Enligt den i fig. 5 visade utfOringsformen kan arbetscylindern 26 aven vara utford i ett stycke. I delta fall uppvisar den i sin mantel flera axiellt forlopande, langsghende borrhal 6a, som vid sina andar aro f8rbundna med cylinderns inre 5a, 7a genom radiella borrhal 10a. According to the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, the working cylinder 26 can also be challenged in one piece. In some cases, it has in its jacket several axially extending, longitudinal bore 6a, which at its ends are connected to the interior 5a, 7a of the cylinder by radial bore 10a.
I en vidgad del av arbetscylindern 26, namligen direkt i yttermanteln 26" och pa snabbcylindern 22 Riper det flansartade huvudet 18' till den som rör utbildade tryckoverf5ringskolven 18. Dennas andra ande toper mellan en invandig ansats 141 arbetscylindern 26 och en mitt for denna ansats staende, utvandig ansats 15 pa snabbcylindern 22, vilka ansatser tillsammans bilda en ytterligare del av vaggen mellan arbetscylindern 26 och snabbcylindern 22. Tryclioverforingskolvens 18 dor 18" omger snabbcylindern 22 med ett ringa avstand till bildning av ett overfOringscylinderrum 17. Genom snabbcylinderns utvandiga ansats 15 och en invandig ansats 16 pa tryckoverforingskolvens 18 huvud 18' tillslutes overforingscylinderrummet 17 vid sina andar. Det av tryckmedel i&e fyllda, ringformiga rummet mellan yttermanteln 26" och tryckoverfOringskolvens 18 ror 18" star i forbindelse med atmosfaren genom minst en oppning 41. In a widened part of the working cylinder 26, namely directly in the outer jacket 26 "and on the quick-release cylinder 22, the flange-like head 18 'scratches to the one touching the trained pressure transfer piston 18. Its second end peaks between an internal shoulder 141 the working cylinder 26 and a center opposite this shoulder , external shoulder 15 on the high-speed cylinder 22, which shoulders together form a further part of the cradle between the working cylinder 26 and the high-speed cylinder 22. The doors 18 "of the pressure transfer piston 18 surround the high-speed cylinder 22 by a small distance to form a transfer cylinder space 17. internal shoulder 16 on the head 18 'of the pressure transfer piston 18 is closed to the transfer cylinder space 17 by its spirits. The annular space filled with pressure medium in the annular space between the outer jacket 26 "and the tubes 18" of the pressure transfer piston 18 communicates with the atmosphere through at least one opening 41.
Snabbcylindern 22 uppvisar, sasom visas i storre skala i fig. 2, i forbindelse med tryckvatskeanslutningen 1 ett utat genom en propp 44 eller liknande tillslutet, langsgaende borr- hal 2, som star i forbindelse med anslutningen 1 genom en oppning 42 och med det bakom den lilla kolven 19 befintliga cylinderrummet 12' i snabbcylindern 22 genom en oppning 43. The quick-release cylinder 22 has, as shown on a larger scale in Fig. 2, in connection with the pressurized water connection 1 an outlet through a plug 44 or similar closed, longitudinal drilling hall 2, which is connected to the connection 1 through an opening 42 and with it behind the small piston 19 existing cylinder space 12 'in the quick cylinder 22 through an opening 43.
Tyckoverforingskolvens 18 huvud 18' uppvisar yid sin andyta dar den ligger an mot snabbcylindern 22 en ringformig urtagning 3, som star i forbindelse med snabbcylinderns 22 langsgaende borrhal 2 genom eft litet hal 8, som endast later tryckvatskan tranga in langsamt i den ringformiga urtagningen 3. Sett i frammatningsriktningen finnes framfor det lilla hAlet 8 ett storre hal 9, som forbinder det langsgaende borrhalet 2 med det Overfhringscylinderrum 17', som vid tryckOverforingskolvens 18 rorelse framat bildas mellan kolvens huvud 18' och den som cylinderlock fungerande hylsan 23. The head 18 'of the pressure transfer piston 18 has an annular recess 3 adjacent to the quick-release cylinder 22, which communicates with the longitudinal drill bit 2 of the quick-release cylinder 22 through a small slip 8, which only allows the pressure vessel to penetrate slowly into the annular recess 3. Seen in the feed direction, in front of the small hole 8, there is a larger hole 9, which connects the longitudinal drill tail 2 to the transfer cylinder space 17 ', which during the forward movement of the pressure transfer piston 18 is formed between the piston head 18' and the cylinder 23.
Snabbcylindern ar ph motsatta sidan, dar det finnes en tryckvatskeanslutning 13 i hylsan 23, forsedd med ett andra langsgaende borrhal 45, som fir tillslutet med en propp 46. Detta langsghende borrhal 45 star i forbindelse med tryckmed:elsanslutningen 13 genom ett hal 47. Det i frammatningsriktningen framfor den lilla kolven 19 befintliga cylinderrummet 12 i snabbcylindern 22 ar genom en oppning 48 forbundet med det langsgaende borrhalet 45, som dessutom genom en oppning 19 star i forbindelse med overforingscylinderrummet 17. The quick-release cylinder is on the opposite side, where there is a pressure vessel connection 13 in the sleeve 23, provided with a second longitudinal drill hole 45, which is closed with a plug 46. This longitudinal drill hole 45 is connected to the pressure medium connection 13 through a hole 47. in the feed direction in front of the small piston 19 the cylinder space 12 in the quick-release cylinder 22 is connected through an opening 48 to the longitudinal drill tail 45, which in addition through an opening 19 communicates with the transfer cylinder space 17.
Tryckvatskeanslutningarna 1 och 13 kunna vara anordnade exakt eller i det narmaste mitt emot varandra, sit att det hydrauliska donets yttermantel star till forfogande med nastan hela sin langd for upptagning av mottryckseller dragkroppar. The pressure vessel connections 1 and 13 can be arranged exactly or almost opposite each other, provided that the outer casing of the hydraulic device is available with almost its entire length for receiving counterpressure or traction bodies.
Tryckvatskans intrude i tryckoverforingskolvens cylinderrum 17', som i den visade utforingsformen regleras genom Men 8 och 9, kan regleras genom en ieke visad, insthilbar strypventil, som bygges in pa lampligt stalle. The intruder of the pressure vessel in the cylinder space 17 'of the pressure transfer piston, which in the embodiment shown is regulated by Men 8 and 9, can be regulated by a non-shown, indelible throttle valve, which is built in in a suitable place.
Den i fig. 1-3 visade, hydrauliska enheten verkar pa f5lj ande satt: Dit kolvstangen 4 ror sig framht under arbetsslaget, dvs. nedat i fig. 1-3,, strommar den fran en icke visad tryckkalla kommande tryckvatskan genom den 1 hylsan 23 anordna de tryckmedelsanslraningen 1 och strommar genom halet 42 in i snabbcylinderns 22 hangsgaende borrhal 2. Harifran strommar vatskan genom ett hal 43 till snabbcylinderns 22 cylinderrum 12', dvs. bakom den lilla kolven 19. Harigenom bringas dubbelkolven 19, 36, alt rora sig snabbt framat. Denna snabba forskjutning med kolvens 19 kolvyta mojliggores genom att den i arbetscylinderns 26 cylinderrum 5 inneslutna tryckvatskan genom de ringsegmentformiga urtagningarna 10', de langsgaende sparen 6 och de radiella borrha- len 10 kan stromma Over i det bakom den stora kolven 36 befintliga cylinderrummet 7 i ar- betscylindern 26. Den framfor den lilla kolven 19 i snabbcylinderns 22 eylinderrum 12 befintliga tryckvatskan kan avga. Over kanalerna 48, 45, 47 och 13. The hydraulic unit shown in Figs. 1-3 operates in the following way: Where the piston rod 4 moves forward during the working stroke, ie. In Figs. 1-3, the pressure fluid coming from a pressure cold (not shown) flows through the sleeve 23 arranging the pressure medium supply 1 and flows through the tail 42 into the hanging bore 2 of the high-speed cylinder 22. From there the water flows through a hole 43 to the high-speed cylinder 22. cylinder space 12 ', i.e. behind the small piston 19. This brings the double piston 19, 36, all moving quickly forward. This rapid displacement with the piston surface of the piston 19 is made possible by the pressure vessel enclosed in the cylinder space 5 of the working cylinder 26 through the ring segment-shaped recesses 10 ', the longitudinal grooves 6 and the radial bore holes 10 flowing into the cylinder space 7 in the large piston 36. the working cylinder 26. The pressure vessel present in front of the small piston 19 in the cylinder space 12 of the quick cylinder 22 can discharge. Over channels 48, 45, 47 and 13.
Sit snart som en med kolystangdelen 4" forbunden tryckstampel star mot arbetsstycket och kolvens 19, 36 rorelse hejdas, strommar tryckmedlet fran snabbcylinderns 22 tangsgaende borrhal 2 genom det lilla halet 8 in i den ringformiga urtagningen 3 1 overforings- 4— — kolvens 18 huvud 18' och forskjuter kolven i frammatningsriktningen. Under huvudets 18' roreIse framat friges det stora halet 9, som for-binder snabbcylinderns 22 langsgaende borrhal 2 med det bildade cylinderrummet 17' bakom tryckoverforingskolven 18. Nu star tryckoverfOringskolvens 18 huvud 18' under inverkan av det fulla tillflOdet av tryckvalska. Under tryckoverforingskolvens 18 r8relse framat stangas arbetscylinderns 26 radiella borrhal 19 och trycki5verforingskolvens kolvror 18" f8res sedan in i det bakom kolven 36 befintliga cylinderrummet 7 i arbetscylindern och inleder den starkare kraftutvecklingen, se fig. 3. Den i arbetscylinderns 26 cylinder-rum befintliga tryekvatskan, som joke langre kan stromma ut genom de ringsegmentformiga urtagningarna 10', strommar nu Over de radiella borrhalen 11' och det langsgaende borrhalet 11 i kolvsta.ngen 4 och kolven 36 in i snabbcylinderns 22 cylinderrum 12 och darifran genom halet 48, snabbcylinderns 22 langsgaende borrhal 45 och halet 47 till tryckvatskeanslutningen 13, vilken i detta fall tjanstgor som utlopp for tryckvatskan. Den i cylinderrummet 17 befintliga tryckvatskan kan avga genom balet 49_ Medan tryckoverforingskolven 18 och kolvstangen 4 med kolvarna 36 °eh 19 rora sig framat pa detta satt, utfores det egentliga tryckarbetet. As soon as a pressure piston connected to the coli rod part 4 "stands against the workpiece and the movement of the piston 19, 36 is stopped, the pressure means flows from the forceps drill bit 2 of the quick cylinder 22 through the small tail 8 into the annular recess 3 in the transfer piston 18 head 18 During the forward movement of the head 18 ', the large tail 9 is released, which connects the longitudinal bore 2 of the quick cylinder 22 to the formed cylinder space 17' behind the pressure transfer piston 18. Now the head 18 'of the pressure transfer piston 18 stands under the influence of the full During the forward movement of the pressure transfer piston 18, the radial bore 19 of the working cylinder 26 is barred and the pistons 18 "of the pressure transfer piston are then fed into the cylinder space 7 in the working cylinder located behind the piston 36 and initiates the stronger force development, see Fig. 26. room existing tryekvatskan, which joke langre can flow out through the ri The segment-shaped recesses 10 ', now flow over the radial bore 11' and the longitudinal bore 11 in the piston rod 4 and the piston 36 into the cylinder space 12 of the quick cylinder 22 and thence through the hole 48, the longitudinal drill bit 45 of the quick cylinder 22 and the tail 47 to the pressurized water connection 13, which in this case serves as an outlet for the pressure vessel. The pressure vessel present in the cylinder space 17 can discharge through the bale 49. While the pressure transfer piston 18 and the piston rod 4 with the pistons 36 ° and 19 move forward in this way, the actual pressure work is carried out.
SE snart som kolvstangen 4 med kolvarna 36 och 19 har kommit till arbetsslagets andpunkt, vilken exempelvis bestammes genom att stallringens 21 andyta kommer till anliggning mot hylsans 23 inre andyta 27, omstalles tryekvdtskans stromning sd, att det tidigare inloppet 1 blir utlopp och del tidigare utloppet 13 blir inlopp. SE as soon as the piston rod 4 with the pistons 36 and 19 has reached the working point of the working stroke, which is determined, for example, by the end face of the stable ring 21 abutting against the inner end 27 of the sleeve 23, the flow of pressure pressure is adjusted so that the former inlet 1 becomes outlet and part earlier outlet 13 becomes the inlet.
Harvid strommar vatskan frail anslutningen 13 genom halet 47 till snabbcylinderns 22 langsgaende borrhal 45 och sedan genom ha-let 48 till snabbcylinderns 22 arbetsrum 12 och genom halet 49 till overforingscylinderrummet 17. Forst fortranges tryckoverforingskolven 18 bakat, dvs. uppat pd ritningen, medan dubbelkolven 36 och 19 f8rst endast ror sig bakat i den utstrackning, som tryckoverforingskolven friger volym i arbetscylinderns 26 cylinderrum 7. Sa snarl som tryckoverf8- ringskolven 18 med silt ror 18' har frigett arbetscylinderns 26 radiella borrhal 10 intrader en hastig returrorelse, emedan den i arbetscylinderns 26 cylinderrum 7 inneslutna vatskan kan str8mma in i arbetscylinderns cylinder-rum 5 genom de radiella borrhalen 10, de langsgaende sparen 6 och de ringsegmentformiga urtagningarna 10'. I ovrigt fOljer tryckvatskan , da dubbelkolven 36, 19 rOr sig bak- foljande bana: Den i 8verfOringscylinderns rum 17' befintliga vatskan strommar genom dot stora halet 9 och det lilla Met 8 in i ,snabbcylinderns 22 langsgaende borrhal 2 och darifran genom halet 42 till den nu som ut lopp fungerande tryckmedelsanslutningen 1. Den i snabbcylinderns 22 cylinderrum 12' bakom den lilla kolven 19 befintliga tryckvatskan strOmmar ut genom halen 43 och 42. Om arbetscylinderns 26 cylinderrum 5 icke fylles genom den i cylinderrummet 7 befintliga tryckvatskan, strommar sadan frail snabbcylinderns 22 cylinderrum 12 genom de radiella borrhalen 11' och det langsgaende borrhalet 11 i kolvstangen 4 till cylinderrummet 5. Den lilla kolven 19 star under tryck i cylinderrummet 12. Om returslaget, medan de radiella borrhalen icke aro frigivna genom tryckoverforingskolven 12, fordrar stOrre kraft an som erhalles med kolvens 19 lilla kolvyta, astadkommes denna kraft genom tryckvatskans verkan mot den stora kolven 36 i cylinderrummet 5. In this case, the liquid flows from the connection 13 through the tail 47 to the longitudinal drill bit 45 of the quick cylinder 22 and then through the hole 48 to the working space 12 of the quick cylinder 22 and through the tail 49 to the transfer cylinder space 17. First, the pressure transfer piston 18 is forced backwards, i.e. up in the drawing, while the double pistons 36 and 19 first only move backwards to the extent that the pressure transfer piston releases volume in the cylinder space 7 of the working cylinder 26. As soon as the pressure transfer piston 18 with silt tube 18 'has released the radial bore 10 of the working cylinder 26 enters a rapid return movement, because the liquid enclosed in the cylinder space 7 of the working cylinder 26 can flow into the cylinder space 5 of the working cylinder 5 through the radial drill holes 10, the longitudinal grooves 6 and the ring segment-shaped recesses 10 '. Otherwise, the pressure vessel follows, as the double piston 36, 19 moves the following path: The fluid present in the space 17 'of the transfer cylinder 17 flows through the dot large tail 9 and the small Met 8 into, the longitudinal bore 22 of the quick cylinder 22 and thence through the hole 42 to the pressure medium connection now acting as an outlet 1. The pressure vessel located in the cylinder space 12 'behind the small piston 19 flows out through the tail 43 and 42. If the cylinder space 5 of the working cylinder 26 is not filled through the pressure vessel located in the cylinder space 7, such flows from the cylinder 22 cylindrical bore 12 through the radial bore 11 'and the longitudinal bore 11 in the piston rod 4 to the cylinder space 5. The small piston 19 is under pressure in the cylinder space 12. If the return stroke, while the radial bore is not released through the pressure transfer piston 12, requires greater force than which is obtained with the small piston surface of the piston 19, this force is achieved by the action of the pressure vessel against the large one the piston 36 in the cylinder space 5.
Med kolvstangens 4 ande 50 kunna vara forbundna verktyg eller andra element, som skola arbeta under tryck och med kolvstangens 4 dude 51 kunna vara forbundna verktyg eller andra element, som skola uttiva en dragverkan. Det ar aven mojligt att samtidigt forbinda kolvstangens 4 bagge andar 50 och 51 med sadana verktyg eller element. Connected to the end 50 of the piston rod 4 may be tools or other elements which are to work under pressure and to the dude 51 of the piston rod 4 may be connected tools or other elements which are to exert a pulling action. It is also possible to simultaneously connect the ram spirits 50 and 51 of the piston rod 4 with such tools or elements.
Vid den i fig. 4 visade dubbelkolven 19a, 36a, vars delar aro forbundna med varandra genom kolvstangen 4a, uppvisar kolvstingen ett axiellt borrhdl 31. I detta fall ar borrhdlet 34, som vid kolvens returrorelse forbinder de med tryckmedel fyllda. cylinderrummen 5 och 12, anordnat i kolvstangens 4a mantel och forbundet med cylinderrummen 5 och 12 genom radiella borrhal 34a' och 34a". In the double piston 19a, 36a shown in Fig. 4, the parts of which are connected to each other by the piston rod 4a, the piston stitch has an axial bore 31. In this case the bore 34, which on the return movement of the piston connects those filled with pressure means. the cylinder chambers 5 and 12, arranged in the casing of the piston rod 4a and connected to the cylinder chambers 5 and 12 by radial drill holes 34a 'and 34a ".
Utf8randet av den hydrauliska enheten enligt fig. 6 skiljer sig fran utforingsformen enligt fig. 1-3 genom att kolvstangdelen 4" dr omgiven av en tryckhylsa 32, som ocksa Or dragen genom cylinderlocket 28. Denna tryckhylsa 32 har exempelvis till uppgift att am kolvstangdelen 4" dr forbunden med en nit-stamp de arbetsstycken, som skola nitas ihop, mot ett mothall och salunda pressa ihop dem, innan den egentliga nitningen borjar. The design of the hydraulic unit according to Fig. 6 differs from the embodiment according to Figs. 1-3 in that the piston rod part 4 "is surrounded by a pressure sleeve 32, which is also pulled through the cylinder cover 28. This pressure sleeve 32 has, for example, the function of the piston rod part 4 "dr connected with a rivet-stamp the workpieces, which are to be riveted together, against a counter and salunda press them together, before the actual riveting begins.
For drivning av tryckhylsan 32 ar den stora kolven 36b utformad som sluten cylinder, genom att dess bagge delar 36b' och 36b" aro forbundna med varandra genom en cylinderhylsa 33, som kan vara utford i ett stycke med kolvdelen 36b' och forinmden med kolvdelen 36b" genom en ganga 34. I denna som. cylinder utformade kolv 36b kan arbeta en kolv 29, som i frammatningsriktningen verkar pa stift 30, som aro styrda i borrhal 35 i kolvdelen 36h" °eh verka pa andytan till den vid ifragavarande ande med en flans 37 forsedda tryckhylsan 32. For driving the pressure sleeve 32, the large piston 36b is formed as a closed cylinder, in that its ram parts 36b 'and 36b "are connected to each other by a cylinder sleeve 33, which may be integral with the piston part 36b' and the front part with the piston part 36b "through a gang 34. In this as. cylinder-shaped piston 36b can operate a piston 29, which in the feed direction acts on pins 30, which are guided in borehole 35 in the piston part 36h "° eh act on the opposite surface of the pressure sleeve 32 provided with a flange 37 in the spirit in question.
Kolvens 36b i frammatningsriktningen bakom tryckhylsekolven 29 befintliga cylinder-rum 55 bildas i kolvens 29 utgangslage av en ringformig urtagning 52 i kolven och en central urtagning 52', som dr forbunden med det — — langsgaende borrhalet 11 i kolvstangen 4 for tillforsel av tryckyatska. The cylinder space 55 of the piston 36b in the feed direction behind the pressure sleeve piston 29 is formed in the initial layer of the piston 29 by an annular recess 52 in the piston and a central recess 52 ', which is connected to the longitudinal bore 11 in the piston rod 4 for supplying pressure shaft.
Kolvens 36b delar 36b" och 33 ha nagot mindre diameter An delen 36b', sâ att det mellen delen med mindre diameter och arbetscylinderns 26 insida bildas ett ringformigt rum 54, som star i forbindelse med cylinderrummet 52 genom radiella borrhal 38. Det cylinderrum 53 i kolven 36b, som icke matas med tryckvatska, ventileras genom ett axiellt borrhal 31 i kolvstangsdelen 4". The parts 36b "of the piston 36b" and 33 have a slightly smaller diameter than the part 36b ', so that an annular space 54 is formed between the smaller diameter part and the inside of the working cylinder 26, which communicates with the cylinder space 52 through radial bore 38. the piston 36b, which is not fed with pressure water, is ventilated through an axial drill hole 31 in the piston rod part 4 ".
For att lika stora tryckmedelsvolymer skola fOrtrangas vid kolvstangens 4 arbetsslag och returslag i cylinderrummen 5 och 7 i arbetscylindern 26, liar den i arbetscylinderns 26 cylinderrum 7 arbetande delen 4b' av kolvstangen 4' samma diameter som tryckhylsan 32. In order that equal volumes of pressure medium should be displaced at the working stroke and return stroke of the piston rod 4 in the cylinder spaces 5 and 7 in the working cylinder 26, the part 4b 'of the piston rod 4' working in the cylinder 7 of the working cylinder 26 has the same diameter as the pressure sleeve 32.
Den i fig. 6 visade och i ovrigt enligt fig. 1 —3 utforda, hydrauliska enheten fungerar pa fOijande satt: Tryclimedlet intrader genom anslutningen 1 och Mien. 42 och 43 i snabbcylinderns 2 cylinderrum 12' och pressar fram den lilla kolven 19. Den harigenom i cylinderrummet 12 fortrangda tryckvatskan kan, genom det radiella borrhalet 11', se fig. 1, och det axiella borrhalet 1 i kolvstangsdelen 4', se fig. 6, verka pa kolven 29, som harigenom forskjutes nedat pa ritningen. Den ph delta satt kolvens 36b cylinderrum 55 inforda tryckvatskan kan stromma genom de radiella borrha.- len 38 och det ringformiga rummet 54 till arbetscylinderns 26 cylinderrum 5 och 0.- lunda verka ph kolven 36b mot framskjutningsriktningen, sa att kolven bromsas och tryckhylsan 32 fiirskjuter sig i forhallande till kolvstangsdelen 4". Tryckhylsan 32 pressar harigenom ihop de arbetsstycken, som skola nitas samman, innan det egentliga tryckslaget ager rum under medverkan av tryckoverforingskolven 18. I ovrigt fungerar denna utforingsform pa samma satt som utforingsformen enligt fig. 1-3. The hydraulic unit shown in Fig. 6 and otherwise challenged in Figs. 1 to 3 operates in the following manner: The pressure medium enters through the connection 1 and Mien. 42 and 43 in the cylinder space 12 'of the quick-release cylinder 2 and presses forward the small piston 19. The pressure vessel displaced thereby in the cylinder space 12 can, through the radial drill tail 11', see Fig. 1, and the axial drill tail 1 in the piston rod part 4 ', see Figs. 6, act on the piston 29, which is thereby displaced downwards in the drawing. The ph delta set the cylinder space 55 of the piston 36b before the pressure vessel can flow through the radial bore holes 38 and the annular space 54 to the cylinder spaces 5 and 0 of the working cylinder 26 so the ph piston 36b acts against the projecting direction so that the piston brakes and the pressure sleeve 32 advances The pressure sleeve 32 thereby compresses the workpieces which are to be riveted together before the actual pressure stroke takes place with the aid of the pressure transfer piston 18. Otherwise, this embodiment functions in the same way as the embodiment according to Figs. 1-3.
Kolvarnas 19, 36b och 18 returslag sker pa samma salt som vid utforingsformen enligt fig. 1-3. Tryckvatskan verkar dock genom det langsgaende borrhalet 11 pa kolven 29 for framskjutning av tryckhylsan 32, sa att det med kolvstaNdelen 4" forbundna verktyget tyget ror sig bort fran arbetsstycket tidigare an tryckhylsan 32. Harigenom hindras exempelvis stansskrot att vid stansning stanna kvar i verktyget, emedan sadant stansskrot strykes av fran verktyget genom tryckhylsan 32. The return strokes of the pistons 19, 36b and 18 take place on the same salt as in the embodiment according to Figs. 1-3. However, the pressure vessel acts through the longitudinal bore 11 on the piston 29 to project the pressure sleeve 32, so that the tool connected to the piston stem part 4 "moves away from the workpiece earlier than the pressure sleeve 32. This prevents, for example, punch scrap from remaining in the tool. such punch scrap is removed from the tool through the thrust sleeve 32.
Den hydrauliska cylinderenheten kart anordnas enkel eller flerfaldig och utbytbar i hydrauliska anordningar. The hydraulic cylinder unit map is arranged single or multiple and replaceable in hydraulic devices.
Claims (5)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE190843T |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE190843C1 true SE190843C1 (en) | 1964-01-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE190843D SE190843C1 (en) |
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| SE (1) | SE190843C1 (en) |
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- SE SE190843D patent/SE190843C1/sv unknown
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