SE187248C1

SE187248C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE187248C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1963-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: J G Gunkel Uppfinningen hänIör ig till bestralningsapparater med reflektor och en med kvicksilver arbetande hogtryckslampa. Inventor: J G Gunkel The invention relates to irradiation apparatus with a reflector and a high-pressure mercury lamp.

Det är kant, att de olika vaglangdsomradena 1 den ultravioletta stralningen har olikartade verkningar pa manniskans hud. Fran-sett de ultravioletta stralarnas terepeutiska verkningar iinskar man mestadels en brunfargad verkan pa manniskans hud. Man vet, att den langvagiga ultravioletta stralningen verkar direkt brunfargande pa huden, medan de kortare vagorna mom det ultravioletta omradet orsakar erytembildning. Erytembildningen astadkommer den brannande in-verkan vid solbestralningen och fir icke onskyard. It is true that the different wavelength ranges in ultraviolet radiation have different effects on human skin. Apart from the therapeutic effects of ultraviolet rays, one usually wishes for a brownish effect on human skin. It is known that the long-wave ultraviolet radiation has a direct tan on the skin, while the shorter waves in the ultraviolet range cause erythema formation. Erythema formation produces the burning effect of solar radiation and is not cloudy.

Vid utvecklandet av bestralningsapparater for ultraviolett bestralning har man redan forsokt taga hansyn till dessa kanda omstandigheter. Saledes aro bestralningsapparater kanda, vid vilka lampan ar omgiven av ett filter. Detta filter bar darvid sadan glassammansattning, att det i storsta mojliga grad absorberar den kortvagiga ultravioletta stralningen med vaglangder under 280 mp,, medan den langvagiga ultravioletta stralningen slappes igenom sá ofarsvagad som mojligt. En dylik Iampa bOr farga huden brun utan att den blir rodbrand. Emellertid har det vi-sat sig, att dylika lampor lake uppfylla forvantningarna. En mycket stor bestralningsdos erfordras for att den onskade pigmenteringen skull erhallas. Dessutom kan emellertid en pigmentering utbilda sig endast pa de stallen, pa vilka huden redan har pigmentpartiklar, och detta är falIet for endast mycket fa manniskor. Attempts have already been made to take these known conditions into account in the development of irradiation apparatus for ultraviolet radiation. Thus, irradiators are known, in which the lamp is surrounded by a filter. This filter then carried such a glass composition that it absorbed as much as possible the short-wave ultraviolet radiation with wavelengths below 280 mp, while the long-wave ultraviolet radiation is let through as unaffected as possible. Such an Iampa should dye the skin brown without causing a red burn. However, it has been found that such lamps meet the expectations. A very large irradiation dose is required to obtain the desired pigmentation. In addition, however, a pigmentation can only form in those places where the skin already has pigment particles, and this is the case for only very few people.

Till grund for foreliggande uppfinning ligger det ronet, att de pigmentpartiklar, vilka i huden kunna farga sig bruna, bildas extra genom att ett svagt erytem uppkommer. De huddelar, som ha overskridit en vaidoserad erytemtrOskel, bilda de for brunfargningen nadvandiga pigmentpartiklarna utan att den oniidiga rodhranningen intrader. The present invention is based on the idea that the pigment particles which can turn brown in the skin are formed extra by the appearance of a weak erythema. The parts of the skin which have exceeded a vaidosed erythema threshold form the pigment particles suitable for tanning without the indiscriminate root formation.

Med insikt om dessa forhallanden liar man redan foreslagit att leda den storsta delen av den ultravioletta strainingen genom ett filter pa vagen till den fiir bestralningen avsedda ytan. Detta filter absorb erar i stor utstrackning den erytembildande stralningen, men slapper obehindrat igenom den pigmentbildande strainingen. Av den erytembildande strainingen igenomslappes ett stralknippe genom en segmentformig oppning i filterglasholjet och pa vaggen till den bestralade ytan blandas hada stralknippena med varandra. Den ultraviolett straining aistrande lamp an eller brannaren, som omgives av filtret, ãr darvid sâ anordnad i reflektorn, att den segmentformiga oppningen i filtret Or vand mot reflektoroppningen, sa att det ofiltrerade erytembildande stralknippet uthreder sig koniskt med avseende pa den bestralade ytan. Denna stralkon traffar den bestralade ytan med en bestralningsstyrka, som avtager med tilltagande avstand fr5n bestralningsapparaten. Dessutom kommer den filtrerade stralningen att geometriskt sammanfalla med den ofiltrerade stralningen endast pa ett bestamt avstand fran bestralningsapparaten. Pa kortare eller langre avstand fran bestralningsapparaten kommer vissa delar av den bestralade ytan att icke traffas av en del av strainingen. Den viktigaste olagenheten är emellertid, att det joke ar mojligt att variera blanciningsforhallandet mellan ofiltrerad straining och total straining fran bestrainingsapparaten. Bestralningsapparaten lampar sig darfor icke for brunfargning av huden och man kan lake 2--- 1 installa just den dos av ofiltrerad straining, som fir nodvandig i forhallande till den filtrerade stralningen, for att den for brunfargningen erforderliga svaga erytembildningen skall intraf fa. With insight into these conditions, it has already been proposed to guide most of the ultraviolet strain through a filter on the road to the surface intended for irradiation. This filter largely absorbs the erythema-forming radiation, but passes unhindered through the pigment-forming strain. From the erythema-forming strain, a beam is passed through a segment-shaped opening in the filter glass oil and on the cradle to the irradiated surface, the beams are mixed with each other. The ultraviolet straining aisting lamp or burner surrounded by the filter is so arranged in the reflector that the segmental aperture in the filter or water towards the reflector aperture so that the unfiltered erythema-forming beam emanates conically with respect to the irradiated surface. This beam cone strikes the irradiated surface with an irradiation force which decreases with increasing distance from the irradiation apparatus. In addition, the filtered radiation will geometrically coincide with the unfiltered radiation only at a certain distance from the irradiation apparatus. At shorter or longer distances from the irradiation apparatus, certain parts of the irradiated surface will not be hit by part of the strain. The most important drawback, however, is that it is possible to vary the blanching ratio between unfiltered straining and total straining from the training apparatus. The irradiation apparatus is therefore not suitable for tanning the skin and it is possible to install exactly the dose of unfiltered radiation which is necessary in relation to the filtered radiation, so that the weak erythema formation required for tanning will occur.

Erfarenheten har visat, att brunfargning med den kanda bestrainingsapparaten icke är mojlig av den orsaken, att vid olika manniskor maste en olika stor erytemtroskel overskridas fOr att en brunfargning skall intrada. Erytemkansligheten hos olika personer fir mycket olika. Vid vissa personer kan redan obetydliga doser av den kortvagiga ultravioletta strainingen astadkomma en stark erytembildning, medan andra personer aro I mycket hog grad okansliga for erytembildRing. En bestralningsapparat, vid vilken biott att enda forhallande mellan langvagig straining och kortvagig straining lamnas av apparatan, bar (taller visat sig van otillfredsstallande for praktisk anvandning. Experience has shown that tanning with the known training device is not possible for the reason that in different people a different size erythema threshold must be exceeded for a tanning to occur. The erythema sensitivity of different people is very different. In some people, even insignificant doses of the short-wave ultraviolet strain can cause a strong erythema formation, while in other individuals it is very highly insensitive to erythema formation. An irradiation apparatus, in which only one relationship between long-term straining and short-term straining is left by the apparatus, was found to be unsatisfactory for practical use.

For anordnandet av filter i dylika bestralningsapparater ham de mast olika forslag framiagts. Salades Or det exempelvis kant att forse kvartslampan med extra holjen av filterglas eller att anbringa skivor framfor densamma. Enligt ett annat forsiag Oro tva reflektorer, som Oro svangbara pa. en gemensam axel, forsedda flied var sin kvartslampa och var sin framf5r denna anbragt filterskiva. Filterskivorna aro tillsammans med rekflektorerna uppburna av den gemensamma axeln, varvid de aro sa lagrade pa denna, att apparatan kan hopfallas for transport. Framfor filtret Or ett tradnat uppspant, som skall forhindra beroring av filtret. Nagon sarskild anordning for variation fiir filterskivornas installning under driften finnes icke. Till och med om man skulle forsoka att Ora detta — nagot som emellertid strider mot principen fiir den kfinda anordninaen skulle man joke erhalia naaon likformig fordelning av den ofiltrerade athiningen Over hela bestralningsytan, enar den ofiltrerade stralningen uttrader endast vid de yttre randpartierna av reflektoriippningen. For the arrangement of filters in such irradiators, the various proposals have been put forward. For example, should it be edged to provide the quartz lamp with the extra filter glass cover or to place discs in front of it. According to another study, Oro has two reflectors, which Oro can swing on. a common shaft, provided with a flied lamp, each had its own quartz lamp and a filter disc arranged in front of it. The filter discs are carried together with the reflectors by the common shaft, they being so mounted on it that the apparatus can be collapsed for transport. In front of the filter Or a threaded fixture, which should prevent contact with the filter. There is no special device for variation for the installation of the filter discs during operation. Even if one were to try to ora this - something which, however, is contrary to the principle of the kfinda arrangement, one would joke erhalia naaon uniform distribution of the unfiltered athining Over the entire irradiation surface, the unfiltered radiation emits only at the outer edge portions of the reflector orifice.

Vidare Or det kant, at ultraviolettstralning av olika vaglangd men begransad i huvudsak till den osynliga delen kan for materialundersokning aistras i en bestralningsapparat genom att den ultraviolett straining aistrande lampan anordnas i en cylindrisk reflektor och omgives med en av filterglas bestaende cylinder, som bildas av olika filterglassegment. Alitefter laget eller installningen av denna filterglascylinder kan olika vaglangdsomraden utstralas efter varandra. Det Or emellertid darvid omojligt att astadkomma en blandning av de olika vaglangdsomradena med likformig fordelning. Furthermore, the edge that ultraviolet radiation of different wavelengths but limited mainly to the invisible part can be examined for material examination in an irradiation apparatus by arranging the ultraviolet straining aistering lamp in a cylindrical reflector and surrounded by a filter consisting of filter glass, which is formed by different filter glass segment. Depending on the layer or installation of this filter glass cylinder, different wavelength ranges can be radiated one after the other. However, it is impossible to achieve a mixture of the different wavelength ranges with uniform distribution.

Slutligen Or det Oven kant att anbringa en persienn framfor reflektoroppningen till en belysningsapparat. Denna persienn kan bildas av ett flertal remsor av ett material, som 7 248 — är joke genomslappande for stralningen. Nar persiennen Or oppen, kan ljusstrainingen obehindrat trada ut ur reflektorn. NOr persiennen Or stangd Or hela strainingsmangden avskarmad. Varje mellanlage av persiennen le-der till en delvis bestralad yta, medan den overtackta delen bildar en skugga. Finally, it is possible to apply a blind in front of the reflector opening to a lighting device. This blind can be formed by a plurality of strips of a material which is jokingly permeable to the radiation. When the blind Or is open, the light training can exit the reflector unhindered. NO the blind Or closed or the entire amount of strain shielded. Each intermediate layer of the blind leads to a partially irradiated surface, while the covered part forms a shadow.

Genom fareliggande uppfinning astadkommes en bestralningsapparat med reflektor och en med kvicksilver arbetande luligtryckslampa, vid vilken ett filter Or anordnat, me-deist vilket erytemaistrande straining med vaglangder under 310 miL 1 stor utstrackning Or aviagsnad, medan ultraviolett straining med vaglangder mellan 310 mit och 400 in till st8rsta delen genomlappes, varvid probiemet Or, att stralningsandelarna i de hada vaglangdsomradena skall vara sa. fOranderliga, att de kan anpassas till praktiskt taget samtliga kanslighetsgrader betraffande eryteMbildning och brunfargning hos manniskans hud. Delta mojliggores enligt uppfinningen genom att bestralninabsapparaten forses med minst en, till sin storiek kontinuerligt reglerbar, filteroppning, som Or anordnad att i den filtrerade stralningen utslappa en reglerbar andel ofiltrerad straining i likformig fordelning ph den bestralade ytan. The present invention provides an irradiation apparatus with a reflector and a mercury-operated bulb pressure lamp, in which a filter Or is provided, with which erythema-mastering straining with wavelengths below 310 ml to a large extent is provided, while ultraviolet straining with wavelengths between 310 mit and 400 for the most part it is passed through, whereby the problem Or, that the radiation shares in the hada wavelength ranges should be so. changeable, that they can be adapted to practically all degrees of probability regarding erythema formation and tanning of human skin. Delta is made possible according to the invention in that the irradiation apparatus is provided with at least one filter opening, which is continuously adjustable in size, which is arranged to release a controllable proportion of unfiltered straining in the filtered radiation in a uniform distribution on the irradiated surface.

Med hialp av bestralningsapparaten enligt uppfinningen blir det for rorsta .gangen mojligt att hehandla personer, som ha stor erytemkanslighet, med lika langa bestrainingstider som personer med liten erytemkanslighet. Bestralningsapparaten Or anpassningsbar him mycket vida granser. Genom variation av blandningen av de olika stralningsandelarna kan den erytemalstrande andelen sa lag, att vid i3mtaliga personer Overskrides erytemtroskeln just inom de ifragavarande bestralningstiderna. Dessutom kan man vid heit oppnat filter erna Oven en terapeutisk verkan. Darigenom blir bestralningsapparaten mere mangsidigt anvandbar, enar den agnar -sig icke endast for brunfargning utan Oven fOr den vanliga ultraviolettstralningen, som Or av betydelse for medicinska verkningar. With the aid of the irradiation apparatus according to the invention, it becomes possible to treat persons who have a high erythema probability, with equally long irradiation times as persons with a small erythema probability. Irradiation device Or adaptable him very wide borders. By varying the mixture of the different radiation proportions, the erythematosus proportion can be such that in the case of people with erythema the erythema threshold is exceeded precisely within the radiation times in question. In addition, when heated, the filters above can have a therapeutic effect. This makes the irradiation apparatus more versatile, it unites itself not only for tanning but also for the usual ultraviolet radiation, which is important for medical effects.

Den likformiga fordelningen av de bade bestralningsandelarna kan sakerstallas pa manga olika salt. Enligt en huvudutfOringsform Or filteroppningen anordnad att utslappa den ofiltrerade strainingen 1 riktning in i reflektorn och i huvudsak symmetriskt till reflektorns. axel. Enligt en annan huvudutforingsform Or filter5ppningen bildad mellan omstallbara delar av ett i huvudsak plant filter, som tacker reflektorns oppning. The uniform distribution of the two irradiation components can be accurately determined on many different salts. According to a main embodiment, the filter opening is arranged to release the unfiltered strain in the direction into the reflector and substantially symmetrically to that of the reflector. shoulder. According to another main embodiment, the filter opening is formed between adjustable parts of a substantially flat filter, which thanks to the opening of the reflector.

Den forsta av de hada namnda huvudutfOringsformerna kan forverkligas pa det sattet, att reflektoroppningen Or bildad mellan en till reflektorns mittparti gransande fast apparatdel och ena anden av ett riirformigt filter, som omgiver lampan och Or omstallhart I reflektoraxelns riktning. Samma hu- — —3 vudutforingsform kan emellertid aven forverkligas pa det sattet, att filteroppningen är bildad mellan tvâ delar av ett rorformigt filter, som omgiver lampan, varvid filteroppningen ligger mitt emot lampan, och atminstone ena filterdelen är forskjutbar i reflektoraxelns riktning i och for reglering av filteroppningens storlek. Vidare kan samma huvudutforingsform forverkligas pa det sattet, att filteroppningen fir anordnad i omkretsen av ett rorformigt filter, som omgiver lampan, varvid filterOppningen ligger mittemot lampan och en omstallbar metaliskarm ãr anordnad for reglering av filteroppningens storlek. Slutligen kan filtret besta av flera, ringformigt omkring lampan fordelade parallella remsor, vilka aro vridbara eller fOrskjutbara och anordnade att mellan sig bilda spaltformiga reflektoroppningar med reglerbar bredd. NOr filteroppningen är bildad mellan omstallbara delar av ett i huvudsak plant filter, som tacker reflektorns oppning, kan utferandet vara sadant, att reflektoreppningen tackes av persiennartat anordnade filterremsor, vilka meiIan sig bilda ispaltformiga filteroppningar med reglerbar bredd. The first of the above-mentioned main embodiments can be realized in that the reflector aperture is formed between a fixed apparatus part adjoining the center portion of the reflector and one end of a rectangular filter surrounding the lamp and rotating in the direction of the reflector axis. However, the same main embodiment can also be realized in that the filter opening is formed between two parts of a tubular filter surrounding the lamp, the filter opening lying opposite the lamp, and at least one filter part being displaceable in the direction of the reflector axis in control of the size of the filter opening. Furthermore, the same main embodiment can be realized in that the filter opening is arranged in the circumference of a tubular filter which surrounds the lamp, the filter opening being opposite the lamp and an adjustable metal screen being arranged for controlling the size of the filter opening. Finally, the filter may consist of several parallel strips, annularly distributed around the lamp, which are rotatable or displaceable and arranged to form gap-shaped reflector openings with adjustable width between them. If the filter opening is formed between adjustable parts of a substantially flat filter, which tucks away the opening of the reflector, the design can be such that the reflector opening is thanked by blindly arranged filter strips, which in between form ice-cleft filter openings with adjustable width.

Vid samtliga ovan angivna utforanden sakerstalles en likformig fordelning av den ofiltrerade strainingen inuti den filtrerade stralningen, sa att forutsattning finnes for att alla stallen pa huden underga en brunfargfling vid svag erytembildning. In all the above-mentioned embodiments, a uniform distribution of the unfiltered strain within the filtered radiation is ensured, so that there is a precondition for all the spots on the skin to undergo a tan on slight erythema formation.

Bestralningsapparaten enligt uppfinningen kan med fordel vara forsedd med en stralare for infrared straining. Medelst denna stralare kan samtidigt en intensiv infrared straining astadkommas, genom vilken icke endast en vasentligt starkare brunfargning erhalles utan aven en starkare genomblodning av de bestralade hudpartierna uppnas, varigenom hudens syreforsorjning forbattras. The irradiation apparatus according to the invention may advantageously be provided with a radiator for infrared straining. By means of this radiator, an intense infrared straining can be achieved at the same time, through which not only a substantially stronger tan is obtained but also a stronger blood flow of the irradiated skin parts is achieved, whereby the oxygen supply of the skin is improved.

Uppfinningen beskrives i detalj i det 101- jande under hanNisning till bifogade ritning, i vilken enskilda figurer de ovan karakteriserade utforandena Oro sehematiskt askadliggj orda. The invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the accompanying drawing, in which individual figures illustrate the above-characterized embodiments.

Vid den i fig. 1 visade utforingsformen av uppfinningen Or den med kvicksilver arbetande hogtrycksbrannaren 1 anordnad utefter axeln till en reflektor 2. Brannaren arbetar exempelvis med en effekt av 230 Watt med ett angtryck av 2-5 Atn. Over brannaren 1 Or anbragt ett rorformigt filter 3. Kvicksilverbrannaren 1 Or langstrackt och dess bagge hopsmalta andar hallas av tva metailhylsor 4, vilka Oro forbundna med varandra medelst ett mellanstycke 5. Filtret 3 ar nu fast pa den ovre hylsan 4 pa sadant satt, att det Or forskjutbart i axiell riktning. Delta kan exempelvis astadkommas p0 sa salt, att filtret Or forsett med en cylindrisk foriangning 6, vilken leper mot en vid brannarens sockel fast hylsa 7, vilken Or anordnad roterbar. Hylsan 6 är utford med ett i spiral lopande spar, i vilket en vid brannarens sockel fast anbragt tapp 8 Riper. Genom en vridning av den med hylsan 6 i ingrepp staende hylsan 7, vilken Or vridbart lagrad i en styrning 9 vid ett sockelelement 10, astadkommes den erforderliga axiella forskjutningen av hylsan 6 och salunda Oven ay filtret 3. Vid hylsans huvud och vid sockelelementet 10 finnes en indikeringsanordning, med mars hj alp filtrets lage kan avlasas. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the mercury-working high-pressure burner 1 is arranged along the axis of a reflector 2. The burner operates, for example, with a power of 230 watts with an angular pressure of 2-5 Atn. Over the burner 1 Or placed a tubular filter 3. The mercury burner 1 Or elongated and its ram fused spirits are held by two metal sleeves 4, which Oro are connected to each other by means of an intermediate piece 5. The filter 3 is now fixed to the upper sleeve 4 in such a way that it Or displaceable in the axial direction. Delta can, for example, be provided with such a salt that the filter Or is provided with a cylindrical extension 6, which slopes against a sleeve 7 fixed to the base of the burner, which Or is arranged rotatably. The sleeve 6 is challenged with a spiral running groove, in which a pin 8 Scratches fixed to the base of the burner. By a rotation of the sleeve 7 engaging with the sleeve 6, which Or is rotatably mounted in a guide 9 at a base element 10, the required axial displacement of the sleeve 6 is achieved and thus above the filter 3. At the head of the sleeve and at the base element 10 there is an indicating device, with the mars hj alp filter bearing can be unloaded.

Vid utfOringsformen enligt fig. 2 sker filtrets rorelse medelst en Over sockelhylsan 1 anbragt ganga 11, i ingrepp med vilken befinner sig en mutter 12. Vid denna mutter Or det rorformiga filtret 3 fast Over ett forbindelseorgan 13. Genom vridning av muttem 12 vrider sig filtret, varvid spalten yid 14 andras. Vid detta stalle finnes en flans 15 i och for astadkommande cv ett bestamt noll-lage, vid vilket praktiskt taget ingen ofiltrerad straining uttrader. In the embodiment according to Fig. 2, the movement of the filter takes place by means of a thread 11 arranged above the base sleeve 1, in engagement with which there is a nut 12. At this nut, the tubular filter 3 is fixed over a connecting member 13. By turning the nut 12, the filter rotates , whereby the column yid 14 others. At this stall there is a flange 15 in and for producing cv a certain zero layer, at which practically no unfiltered straining emerges.

Vid utforingsformen enligt fig. 3 bestar filtret av ett fiertal plane filterremsor 16, vilka omgiva den vid 17 anbragta strainingsFilterremsorna 16 Oro vridbara kring punkterna 18, sh att spalterna mellan desamma kunna andras till sin bredd. Detta kan astadkommas exempelvis darigenom, att de smala glasfiltren eller filterremsorna 16 vid sina smala andar limo forsedda med ett styrstift 18, vilket ingriper i motsvarande slitsar 19 i en skiva 20. Genom vridning ay skivan kunna spalterna salunda oppnas och slutas. In the embodiment according to Fig. 3, the filter consists of a plurality of planar filter strips 16, which surround the straining filter strips 16 arranged at 17. They are rotatable about the points 18, so that the gaps between them can be changed to their width. This can be achieved, for example, by the narrow glass filters or filter strips 16 at their narrow ends limo provided with a guide pin 18, which engages in corresponding slots 19 in a disc 20. By turning the disc, the gaps can thus be opened and closed.

En annan anordning av filtret visas i fig. 4, enligt vilken de smala filterglasen 16 Oro anordnade utefter tvenne runt stralningslallan anordnade ringar med olika radier. De bagge ringarna 21 och 22 aro vridbara relativt varandra, varigenom spalterna mellan filterremsorna kunna varieras. Another arrangement of the filter is shown in Fig. 4, according to which the narrow filter glasses 16 are arranged along two radii arranged along the two radiating radii. The ram rings 21 and 22 are rotatable relative to each other, whereby the gaps between the filter strips can be varied.

Enligt fig. 5 tillsluter filtret oppningen till en reflektor. Filtret bestar av ett flertal parallelia och smala glasremsor 16, vilka Oro anordnade svangbara i likhet med lamellerna i en persienn. Remsorna 16 aro namligen Over armar 23 forbundna med varandra medelst en. stang 24, vilken Or forsedd med en gradering 25, med hjalp av vilken installningen av spalterna Mit kan iakttagas. En brannare 26, exempelvis en giodspiral i ett astadkommer den infraroda stralningen. Brannaren 26 kan harvid tjana som forkopplingsmotstand till kvicksilverlampan 1. Fordelen med anordningen enligt fig. 5 ligger dari, att avstandet mellan stralningskallan och filtret kan valjas sterre an vid den forst beskrivna konstruktionen, varfor aldringen av filterglasen genom bestralningen blir ytterst ringa. According to Fig. 5, the filter closes the opening to a reflector. The filter consists of a plurality of parallelia and narrow glass strips 16, which Oro arranged pivotally similar to the slats in a blind. Namely, the strips 16 are Over arms 23 connected to each other by one. rod 24, which Or is provided with a gradation 25, by means of which the installation of the columns Mit can be observed. A burner 26, for example an iodine coil in one, provides the infrared radiation. The burner 26 can then serve as a ballast resistor to the mercury lamp 1. The advantage of the device according to Fig. 5 lies in the fact that the distance between the radiation head and the filter can be chosen larger than in the first described construction, so that the aging of the filter glasses becomes extremely small.

De i fig. 3-5 visade filteranordningarna ha den fordelen, att smala filterremsor eller filterglas komma till anvandning. Dylika glas utharda namligen battre de termiska pafrest — I7248 — ningar, som forefinnas i narheten av en kvicksilverbrannare. The filter devices shown in Figs. 3-5 have the advantage that narrow filter strips or filter glasses are used. Such glasses withstand better the thermal pafrest - I7248 - ings, which are present in the vicinity of a mercury burner.

Nar kvartsbrann_aren befinner sig vinkelratt mot reflektoraxeln, anordnar man filtret om majligt sa, att den ofiltrerade stralningen endast avgives bakat, dvs. i riktning mot reflektorn, varvid den direkta stralningen salunda alitid kommer att filtreras. When the quartz burner is perpendicular to the reflector axis, the filter is arranged in such a way that the unfiltered radiation is only emitted baked, ie. in the direction of the reflector, whereby the direct radiation will thus always be filtered.

En dylik anordning är askidliggjord i fig. 6 och 7. Medan urladdningsroret yid de forut beskrivna utfOringsformerna var uppburet endast vid ena sidan, är vid de i fig. 6 och 7 visade utfOringsformerna sa. anordnat, att stromtillfarseln till urladdningsroret sker till de bagge med socklar fOrsedda andarna av detsamma. Enligt fig. 6 bestar det rorformiga filtret av tva rOr 27 och 28, av vilka roret 27 ãr fast anbragt vid den ovre sockelhylsan 4. Detta ror stracker sig ungefarligen till urladdningsrorets 1 mitt och är vid sin ena halft vinkelratt avskuret i forhallande till sin axel och vid sin andra halft snett avskuret i forhallande till samma axel. let andra Darformiga filtret 28 stracker sig in i filterroret 27 pa sadant satt, att spalten mellan de b5.gge roren i dessas yttre lage är mer eller mindre tillstangd, medan vid oppnande av den mot reflektorn 2 vanda sidan bildas en oppning, genom vilken den ofiltrerade strainimsen uttrader i riktning mot refiektorn. Genom denna anordning av filterroren astadkommes, att den ofiltrerade stralningen icke direkt avgives mot bestrainingsytan. Det yttre roret 28 Sr anordnat forskjutbart pa den undre sockelhylsan 4, varvid denna fOrskjutning astadkommes genom vridning av en hylsa 29. Denna hylsa är a ena sidan fast anbragt vid filterroret 28, varjamte den Sr utford med en snett lopande slits, i vilken en tapp 30 stracker sig in. Genom en vridning av hylsan 29 astadkommes den vanliga, axiella rorelsen av hylsan 29 och salunda liven av rOret 28. Such a device is shown in Figs. 6 and 7. While the discharge tube in the previously described embodiments was supported only on one side, in the embodiments shown in Figs. 6 and 7 it is as follows. provided that the current supply to the discharge pipe takes place to the rams with sockets provided with the same. According to Fig. 6, the tubular filter consists of two tubes 27 and 28, of which the tube 27 is fixedly attached to the upper socket sleeve 4. This tube extends approximately to the center of the discharge tube 1 and is cut off at one half of the perpendicular steering wheel in relation to its axis. and at its other half obliquely cut off in relation to the same axis. the second Dar-shaped filter 28 extends into the filter tube 27 in such a way that the gap between the two tubes in their outer layer is more or less closed, while on opening the side facing the reflector 2 an opening is formed, through which the unfiltered strains emit in the direction of the reflector. By this arrangement of the filter tubes it is ensured that the unfiltered radiation is not emitted directly to the irradiation surface. The outer tube 28 is arranged displaceably on the lower base sleeve 4, this displacement being effected by rotation of a sleeve 29. This sleeve is on one side fixedly attached to the filter tube 28, and it is challenged with an obliquely extending slot in which a pin 30 stretches in. By rotating the sleeve 29, the usual axial movement of the sleeve 29 and thus the life of the tube 28 is achieved.

Vid utforingsformen enligt fig. 7 är anordnat endast ett rorformigt filter 3, vilket stelt fasthMles med de bagge sockelhylsorna 4 vid lampliga hallare. For utslappande av den ofiltrerade stralningen Sr dock mitt for refiektorns 2 spets anordnad en oppning 31, genom vilken den ofiltrerade stralningen passerar forbi. Det Sr dock mojligt att medelst en franafor Oppningen anbragt skarm, med hjaip av vilken mangden ofiltrerad straining kan variera frail noll och upp till gransvdrdet, vilket angives av oppningens 31 storlek. Instiillningen av skarmen 32 sker medelst en ratt 33, vars axel 34 Sr gangad och ingriper i en hylsa 35, vilken vid vridning av rat-ten 33 till och fran astadkommer en rorelse av skarmen 32. Skarmen Sr via en trad 36 forbunden med plattan 37, som i sin tur Sr fast forhunden med hylsan 35. Skarmen 32 kan harvid best& av samma material om Oppningens 31 storlek Sr sS, liten, att den stral ning, som absorberas av en ogenonaskinlig skarm 32, kan forsummas. In the embodiment according to Fig. 7, only a tubular filter 3 is arranged, which is rigidly fastened to the ram socket sleeves 4 by lamp-shaped holders. To relax the unfiltered radiation, however, an opening 31 is arranged in the middle of the tip of the reflector 2, through which the unfiltered radiation passes. However, it is possible that by means of a screen arranged from the front of the opening, with the aid of which the amount of unfiltered straining can vary from zero and up to the spruce value, which is indicated by the size of the opening 31. The adjustment of the arm 32 takes place by means of a knob 33, the shaft 34 of which is threaded and engages in a sleeve 35, which when the knob 33 is turned to and from causes a movement of the arm 32. The arm Sr is connected to the plate 37 via a wire 36 , which in turn is fixed to the dog by the sleeve 35. The screen 32 can then consist of the same material about the size of the opening 31, so small that the radiation absorbed by a non-mechanical screen 32 can be neglected.

Som filter for forsvagning av den kortvagiga, ultravioletta stralningen, ha sadana filterglas visat sig 1dmpliga, vilka uppvisa nedanstaende spektrala genomslapplighetsformaga och vilka ga. under varumarkesbena.mningen »Schott-Duran». 70 % genomslapplighet 60% 20% 12% 297 mit och darunder; mindre an 1 % De angivna genomslapplighetstalen aro de, som upptrada i driftstillstand, alltsa vid ett filterglas, som utsattes savad for den intensiva strainingen som den intensiva uppvarmningen av stralningskallan. Glaset visar I icke bestralat och kallt tillstand en vasentligt storre genomslapplighet. De angivna vardena avse emellertid sasom namnts genomslappligheten i driftstillsand. As filters for attenuating the short-wave ultraviolet radiation, such filter glasses have been found to be dimmable, which have the following spectral permeability shape and which give. under the trademark name "Schott-Duran". 70% permeability 60% 20% 12% 297 mit and below; less than 1% The stated permeability figures are those which appeared in the operating state, ie in the case of a filter glass which was subjected to the intense strain as the intensive heating of the radiation head. The glass shows in an unirradiated and cold state a substantially greater permeability. However, the values given refer to, as has been called, the permeability of operating sand.

En fordel hos bestralningsapparaten enligt uppfinningen bestar dari, att lorunfargningen sker utan att huden skadas eller flagnar ay. Under vissa omstandigheter Sr det dock lampligt att efter bestralningen pa kW salt nagot insmorja linden riled nagot felt. Yid vanliga kvartslampor med ofiltrerad straining racker en dylik insmorjning efter bestralningen icke for att undvika skador pa huden. Yid bestrainingen enligt uppfinningen kunna liven i ansiktet fOrekommande hudutslag forsvinna. An advantage of the irradiation apparatus according to the invention is that the lorun staining takes place without the skin being damaged or flaking. Under certain circumstances, however, it is appropriate that after irradiation of kW of salt, some lubrication of the linden riled something wrong. Ordinary quartz lamps with unfiltered straining do not apply such lubrication after irradiation to avoid damage to the skin. With the treatment according to the invention, the life on the face can occur.

Med en bestralningsapparat enligt uppfinningen erhaller 80 % av alla bestralade personer en god brunfargning vid 4-6 bestrlningar under 5-15 minuter. Sedan brunfargningen viii intraffat och sedan den eventuelit bleknat bort, kan man med endast en till Iva bestrainingar ater erhalla en god brunf argning. With an irradiation apparatus according to the invention, 80% of all irradiated persons obtain a good tan at 4-6 irradiations for 5-15 minutes. After the browning viii has occurred and after it has possibly faded away, it is possible to obtain a good browning again with only one to two strokes.

Claims

Patent claim:

1. Irradiation apparatus with reflector and a mercury-working high-pressure monkey, in which a filter Sr is arranged, by means of which erythematous straining with wavelengths below 310 ma is largely removed, while ultraviolet straining with wavelengths between 3My, and 400 mp, for the most part , can be characterized by at least one filter opening, which is continuously adjustable in size, which is arranged to release in the filtered radiation an adjustable proportion of unfiltered straining in a uniform distribution on the irradiated surface.

Irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter aperture Sr is arranged to release the unfiltered radiation in the direction into the reflector and in 366 mp. 331 Illp, 313 middle 302 ittm - - mainly symmetrical to the axis of the reflector (fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 7).

Irradiation apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the filter opening is formed between adjustable parts of a substantially flat filter, which thanks to the opening of the reflector (especially Fig. 5).

4. An irradiation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the reflector aperture is formed between a fixed apparatus part adjacent to the center portion of the reflector and one end of a tubular filter which surrounds the lamp and is adjustable in the direction of the reflector axis (Figs. 1, 2).

5. An irradiation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the filter opening is formed between two parts of a tubular filter which surrounds the lamp, the filter opening being opposite the lamp and at least one filter part being displaceable in the direction of the reflector axis for controlling the size of the filter opening (Fig. 6).

6. Irradiation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the filter opening is arranged in the circumference of a tubular filter which surrounds the lamp, the filter opening being opposite the lamp and a metal metal switch being arranged for regulating the size of the filter opening (Fig. 7).

7. Irradiation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the filter consists of several parallel strips distributed annularly around the lamp, which are rotatable or displaceable and arranged to form gap-shaped reflector openings with adjustable width between them (Figs. 3, 4).

Irradiation apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the reflector aperture is thanks to blind-arranged filter strips, which between them form slit-shaped filter apertures with adjustable width (Fig. 5).

9. An irradiation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it is also provided with a radiator for infrared radiation. Request publications: Patents Iran UK 289 508, 494 128; Germany 459778, 757286, 853620, 874351.