SE186994C1

SE186994C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE186994C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1963-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: K F Sehiermeier Uppfinningen avser ett satt att valsa aluminium och aluminiumlegeringar, varvid ett kylmedel och ett smorjmedel tillftiras separat. Inventor: K F Sehiermeier The invention relates to a method of rolling aluminum and aluminum alloys, wherein a coolant and a lubricant are supplied separately.

Det är kant, att direktdestillerade mineraloljor eller losliga oljeemulsioner i allmanhet aro otillfredsstallande som smorjmedel vid valsning av aluminium och aluminiumlegeringar. Mineraloljor sakna ofta de erforderliga kylande egenskaperna, medan emulsioner eller vattenlosningar sakna smorjande formaga, varigenom repning och sonderrivning av metallytan liksom metalloverforing och 'Rad kraftfOrbrukning uppkomma. It is true that directly distilled mineral oils or soluble oil emulsions are generally unsatisfactory as lubricants in the rolling of aluminum and aluminum alloys. Mineral oils often lack the required cooling properties, while emulsions or aqueous solutions lack lubricating form, whereby scratching and tearing of the metal surface as well as metal transfer and 'Rad power consumption occur.

Di det praktiskt taget är omojligt att samtidigt och med en enda vatska erná bade optimal kylning och optimal smorjning, kan valsningen av aluminium och aluminiumlegeringar utforas pa ett effektivt satt genom en valsningsprocedur, som innebar att man smOrjer valsarna eller arbetsstycket samt oberoende darav och med en separat vatska kyler valsarna. Vid detta forfarande pafores vid kritiska stallen i valsverket (1) en mineralolja eller oljekomposition som smorjmedel pa ytan av valsarna eller den for valsning avsedda metallen, innan derma kommer i beroring med valsarna, och (2) ett kylmedel, vilket till-Wes valsarna direkt genom begjutning ()ch kan utgOras av vatten eller av en vattenlosning innehallande rostskyddsmedel eller av olja-i-vattenemulsioner, som kunna fungera som kylmedel. Since it is practically impossible to simultaneously and with a single liquid achieve both optimal cooling and optimal lubrication, the rolling of aluminum and aluminum alloys can be carried out in an efficient manner by a rolling procedure, which meant lubricating the rollers or workpiece and independently separately water cools the rollers. In this process, at the critical stalls in the rolling mill (1) a mineral oil or oil composition is applied as a lubricant to the surface of the rollers or the metal intended for rolling, before it comes into contact with the rollers, and (2) a coolant, which is applied directly to the rollers. by spraying () ch can be formed from water or from an aqueous solution containing anti-corrosion agents or from oil-in-water emulsions, which can act as coolants.

Detta fOrfarande kan med samma framgang anvandas vid saval kall- som varmvalsning av aluminium eller dess legeringar. This method can be used with the same success in both cold and hot rolling of aluminum or its alloys.

Efter kallvalsningen av aluminiet underkastas det bearbetade materialet ofta en varmebehandling for att forbattra metallens egenskaper. En nackdel med de brukliga kallvalsningsoljorna är aft aterstoder darav i allmanhet medfbra missfargning av och flackar pa metallytan under varmebehandlingen, och ibland kan det aven upptrada rostbildning fore eller efter varmebehandlingen eller glodgningen. A.v dessa orsaker Or det darfor allmant brukligt att tvatta den valsade metallen med ett losningsmedel, sisom mineralterpentin, sedan arbetsstycket lamnat valsarna. Genom denna tvaLining avlagsnas Overskottet av kall valsningsolja, men det är dock onskvart att pa aluminiumplatarna eller -banden kvarldmna en tuna oljefilm for att fOrhindra repning och ritsning under den fortsatta behandlingen. After the cold rolling of the aluminum, the processed material is often subjected to a heat treatment to improve the properties of the metal. A disadvantage of the usual cold rolling oils is that residues thereof generally result in discoloration of and flaking on the metal surface during the heat treatment, and sometimes rust formation can also occur before or after the heat treatment or annealing. A. for these reasons Is it therefore generally customary to wash the rolled metal with a release agent, such as mineral spirits, after the workpiece has left the rollers. This doubling removes the excess cold rolling oil, but it is unwise to leave a thin oil film on the aluminum plates or strips to prevent scratching and scratching during further treatment.

Det är alltsa Ire krav som skola uppfyllas av smorjoljor vid kallvalsning av aluminium och legeringar darav enligt den beskrivna metodem de skola smorja • metallen under valsningen, de fa icke ha nAgon tendens till att bilda hacker vid valsningen eller gliidgningen och de maste vara latta att avlagsna genom tvattning. It is therefore Ire requirements that must be met by lubricating oils in cold rolling of aluminum and alloys thereof according to the described method they must lubricate • the metal during rolling, they must not have any tendency to form hacks during rolling or sliding and they must be easy to remove by washing.

Hittills ha aluminium och aluminiumlegeringar, som skola valsas, smorts med smiirjoljor med antingen lag eller hog viskositet eller med sadana oljor innehallande sma mangder av vissa tillsatser, sasom fetter eller feta oljor, t. ex. talg, talgolja, spackolja och liknande. Osammansatta smOrjoljor med de ratta egenskaperna Oro, trots att de forhindra metalloverforening, icke lampliga ddrfiir att de medfOra missfargning av de valsade patarna och aro svara att avlagsna genom vanlig tvattning. Sammansatta mineraloljor av den hittills anvOnda typen ha under glodgningsproceduren medfort en till och med annu starkare missfargning av och flackbildning pa aluminium och aluminiumlegeringar On som Or fallet med de osammansatta mineraloljorna. De sammansatta oljorna innehallande fetter och feta oljor, sasom talg, spack och oljor därav, Oro olampliga Oven pa grund av svarigheterna vid tvattningen av den valsade metallen. To date, aluminum and aluminum alloys, which are to be rolled, have been lubricated with lubricating oils with either low or high viscosity or with such oils containing small amounts of certain additives, such as fats or fatty oils, e.g. tallow, tallow oil, fuel oil and the like. Uncomposed lubricating oils with the steering properties Of concern, despite the fact that they prevent metal overlay, are not suitable because they cause discoloration of the rolled pads and are responsible for being removed by ordinary washing. Compound mineral oils of the type hitherto used during the annealing procedure have led to an even stronger discoloration and flaking of aluminum and aluminum alloys, as is the case with the uncomposed mineral oils. The composite oils containing fats and fatty oils, such as tallow, lard and oils thereof, are unsuitable above due to the difficulties in washing the rolled metal.

Det är darfor ett andamal med foreliggande uppfinning att astadkomma ett forfarande vid valsning av aluminium och aluminhunlegeringar, varvid ett smorjmedel pafares, som icke medfOr missfargning av eller flackbildning pa den valsade metallen och vars smorjande egenskaper aro Dupl. kl. 7 a: 29 2— — sadana, att det kan paftiras i sma mangder for bildande av en tunn oljefilm ph de valsade metallplatarna s att en riskabel tvattning med losningsmedel undvikes. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a process for rolling aluminum and alumina alloys in which a lubricant is applied which does not cause discoloration or flaking on the rolled metal and whose lubricating properties are Dupl. at 7 a: 29 2— - such that it can be paftiras in small amounts to form a thin oil film on the rolled metal plates so that a risky washing with solvent is avoided.

FOrfarandet enligt uppfinningen kannetecknas vasentligen darav, aft man som smorjmedel pafor en komposition bestaende av en stone mangd av en icke-emulgerbar mineralolja, som är i huvudsak fri frail aromater, och en mindre mangd av en omattad C12_22-fettsyra. The process according to the invention is essentially characterized by the fact that, as a lubricant, a composition consisting of a stone amount of a non-emulsifiable mineral oil, which is substantially free frail aromatics, and a minor amount of an unsaturated C12-22 fatty acid.

Den icke-emulgerbara, frau aromater fria mineraloljan kan utgoras av en htiggradigt fenoleller furfurol-raffinerad mineralolja med en kokpunkt frail 175 till 345° C och en viskositet av 4,2-20,8 cSt vid 37,8° C. En sarskilt lamplig utgangsolja dr en vasentligen icke-aromatisk mineralolja med en viskositet av 4,2-15,8 cSt vid 37,8° C. The non-emulsifiable, aromatic-free mineral oil may be a highly phenolic or furfurol-refined mineral oil having a boiling point of 175 to 345 ° C and a viscosity of 4.2-20.8 cSt at 37.8 ° C. starting oil contains a substantially non-aromatic mineral oil having a viscosity of 4.2-15.8 cSt at 37.8 ° C.

Till utgangsoljan kunna sattas 40, f ore- tradesvis 25-30 vikts % av en omattad fettsyra, t. ex. oleinsyra, linolsyra, linolensyra erukasyra, ricinolsyra eller blandningar darav. To the starting oil can be added 40, preferably 25-30% by weight of an unsaturated fatty acid, e.g. oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid erucic acid, ricinoleic acid or mixtures thereof.

Om erforderligt kan man till ovannamnda smorjmedelskomposition aven satta 0,05-1 eller annu hellre 0,1-0,5 vikts% av en oljeloslig tri-alkyl-mono- eller -bisfenol. If necessary, one may also add to the above-mentioned lubricant composition 0.05-1 or more preferably 0.1-0.5% by weight of an oil-soluble tri-alkyl mono- or bisphenol.

De anvanda oljelosliga trialkyl-mono- eller -bisfenolerna kunna innehalla alicykliska eller cykliska grupper, som kunna vara inbordes lika eller olika. Atminstone en av dem utgiires f oretradesvis av en tertiar alkylradikal. Trialkylfenoler av denna typ Oro exempelvis 2,4-di-tertbuty1-6-metyl-, 2,6-dicyklohexy1-4-metyl och 2,6-dimety1-4-cyklohexylfenol. Alkylbisfenoler aro t. ex. bis(2-hydrox1-3-tert-butyl-5-metylfeny1)-metan, 1,1-bis(2-hydroxi-3-tert-buty1-5-metylfeny1)-propan, bis(2-hydroxi-3-tert-buty1-5- metylfenyl)isobutan och bis(2-hydroxi-5-tert-buty1-3-metylfenyl)etan. 2,4,6-trialkylfenoler innehallande tvh tertiara alkylgrupper i 2,4- eller 2,6- stallningarna fOredragas, t. ex. 2,4-di-tert-buty1- 6-metyl- och 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-metylfenol. The oil-soluble trialkyl mono- or bisphenols used may contain alicyclic or cyclic groups which may be the same or different. At least one of them is preferably represented by a tertiary alkyl radical. Trialkylphenols of this type Oro, for example, 2,4-di-tert-butyl- 6-methyl-, 2,6-dicyclohexyl-4-methyl and 2,6-dimethyl-4-cyclohexylphenol. Alkylbisphenols aro e.g. bis (2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -methane, 1,1-bis (2-hydroxy-3-tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) -propane, bis (2-hydroxy-3- tert-butyl-5-methylphenyl) isobutane and bis (2-hydroxy-5-tert-butyl-3-methylphenyl) ethane. 2,4,6-trialkylphenols containing two tertiary alkyl groups in the 2,4- or 2,6-positions are preferred, e.g. 2,4-di-tert-butyl-6-methyl- and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol.

Smorjmedelskompositioner, som kunna anvandas vid forfarandet enligt uppfinningen aro: mineralolja (4,2 cSt vid 37,8° C) -1- 30 % oleinsyra; mineralolja (4,2 cSt vid 37,8° C) + 30 % oleinsyra + 0,1 % 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-metylfenol; mineralolja (4,2 cSt vid 37,8° C) -I- 30 % oleinsyra + 0,1 % bis(2-hydroxi-3,5-di-tert-butylfeno1)metan; mineralolja (5,8 cSt vid 37,8° C »Spray Base Oil») + 30 % oleinsyra. Lubricant compositions which can be used in the process of the invention are: mineral oil (4.2 cSt at 37.8 ° C) -1-30% oleic acid; mineral oil (4.2 cSt at 37.8 ° C) + 30% oleic acid + 0.1% 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol; mineral oil (4.2 cSt at 37.8 ° C) -I- 30% oleic acid + 0.1% bis (2-hydroxy-3,5-di-tert-butylphenol) methane; mineral oil (5.8 cSt at 37.8 ° C »Spray Base Oil») + 30% oleic acid.

Mineraloljekompositionen 'Attires ytorna av valsarna genom phstrykning, besprutning eller paborstning strax framfor det stalle, dar metallbanden, intrada, eller pafores metally Lorna genom paborstning eller phsprutning eller pa godtyckligt annat lampligt satt i god tid innan kallvalsning foretages. I sistnamnda fall bOr man ge smorjmedlet tillracklig tid att hinna bilda ett jamnt Over-drag pa metallytan. The mineral oil composition 'Attires the surfaces of the rollers by brushing, spraying or brushing just in front of the place where the metal strips, intrada, or pafores are metallically lather by brushing or spraying or in any other suitable way well before cold rolling. In the latter case, the lubricant should be given sufficient time to form an even coating on the metal surface.

Kylmedlet, som kan utgoras av vatten eller av en emulsion, phfores separat och riktas mot Overdelen och baksidan av valsarna, sh att dessa begjutas med kylmedel innan den icke emulgerbara smOrjoljan pafores eller innan de med denna olja overdragna arbetsstyckena inkomma mellan valsarna och valsas ut till onskade dimensioner. Sarskilt lampliga kylmedel aro olja-i-vattenemulsioner. Emulsionerna kunna utgOras av godtyckliga lampliga kommersiella pro dukter forutsatt att dessa icke aro emulgerbara med oljekompositionerna enligt uppfinningen och icke aro korroderande. Olja-i-vatten-emulsioner innehallande sulfonater och brukhga rostskyddsmedel, sasom alkanolaminer, aro billiga och nyttiga kylmedel for anvandande vid forfarandet enligt uppfinningen. Olja-i-vatten-emulsioner, som bilda sarskilt goda kylmedel, aro hi. a, ett olj ekoncentrat (X) innehallande smh mangder (totalt 18-20 %) sulfonat och trietanolamin i en latt mineralolj a, i vilken sulfonatet forefinnes i Overvagande grad och trietanolaminen • i en mangd av mellan 0,1 och 1 %. Detta oljekoncentrat utgor ett ypperligt och billigt kylmedel (Y). The coolant, which may be water or an emulsion, is fed separately and directed towards the top and back of the rollers, so that they are sprayed with coolant before the non-emulsifiable lubricating oil is poured or before the workpieces coated with this oil enter between the rollers and are rolled out to desired dimensions. Particularly suitable coolants are oil-in-water emulsions. The emulsions may be of any suitable commercial product provided that they are not emulsifiable with the oil compositions of the invention and are not corrosive. Oil-in-water emulsions containing sulfonates and conventional anti-corrosion agents, such as alkanolamines, are inexpensive and useful refrigerants for use in the process of the invention. Oil-in-water emulsions, which form particularly good refrigerants, aro hi. a, an oil concentrate (X) containing small amounts (total 18-20%) of sulfonate and triethanolamine in a light mineral oil a, in which the sulfonate is present to a predominant extent and the triethanolamine • in an amount of between 0.1 and 1%. This oil concentrate is an excellent and inexpensive coolant (Y).

Vid tillampande av forfarandet enligt uppfinningen paforas smorjmedlet, t. ex. komposition 1) eller 2) ovan, pa valsarnas framsidor eller ph ytan av det aluminium, som skall valsas, innan metallen intrader mellan valsarna, genom pastrykning, paborstning eller pasprutning. DA den med ett jamnt smtirjmedelsoverdrag forsedda metallen passerar mellan valsarna pafores kylmedlet, som kan utgOras av vatten eller foretradesvis av en emulsion, t. ex. ett kylmedel av typ Y ovan, separat direkt pa oversidan, baksidan och undersidan av valsarna, sá att dessa begjutas darmed och man erhaller maximal kylverkan. When applying the method according to the invention, the lubricant, e.g. composition 1) or 2) above, on the fronts of the rollers or on the surface of the aluminum to be rolled, before the metal enters between the rollers, by paste ironing, brushing or injection molding. When the metal provided with a uniform lubricant coating passes between the rollers, the coolant is formed, which may be water or preferably an emulsion, e.g. a type Y coolant above, separately directly on the top, back and bottom of the rollers, so that these are sprayed and the maximum cooling effect is obtained.

Den hoggradigt ytaktiva smorjoljekompositionen är den som foretradesvis vater valsarna, och den som kylmedel anvanda olja-i-vattenemulsionen kan genom lampligt satt anbragta platar hindras frail att traffa valsarna vid den punkt dar olj an paftires. The highly surfactant lubricating oil composition is the one which preferably irrigates the rollers, and the oil-in-water emulsion used as coolant can be prevented by suitably arranged plates from hitting the rollers at the point where oil is applied.

Det vid forfarandet enligt uppfinningen anvanda och pa angivet satt paforda smorjmedlet forhindrar metallOverforing, medfor att valsarna hallas rena, forhindrar sliming och resulterar i en ypperlig metallyta vid avsevart minskad kraftatgang. The lubricant used in the process according to the invention and in the manner indicated indicates prevents metal transfer, as a result of which the rollers are kept clean, prevents slimming and results in an excellent metal surface with considerably reduced force.

Aluminium behandlat i enlighet med uppfinningen kan glodgas utan ytterligare fOrbehandling, sasom tvattning, och ger det oaktat en yta som Or fri frail fldckar och missfargningar. Aluminum treated in accordance with the invention can be annealed without further pretreatment, such as washing, and nevertheless gives it a surface which is free of frail stains and discolorations.

FOrfarandet enligt uppfinningen har tillampats vid ett aluminiumverk for kallvalsning av aluminium i ett Schmitz-valsverk, varvid metallens yta fore intradet mellan valsarna vid rumstemperatur overdrogs med mineraloljekomposition 4) ovan, och valsarna, dá den med Overdrag forsedda aluminiumytan passerade mellan dem, begotos med kylmedel i form av en 7 %rig olja-ivatten-emulsion (Y) samt 35 % reduktion fore-togs vid 43 amp. Metalloverforing och valsmarken upptradde ej och ytan var flackfri och i ypperligt tillstand. Vid tillampning av forfarandet i sam- — —3 band med kallvalsning av aluminium pa ovan beskrivet satt under anvandande av mineraloljekomposition 2) ovan som smorjmedel och vatten som kylmedel erholls en reduktion av 41 60 % vid en kraftforbrukning av 43-115 amp. utan metalloverforing, flackbildning eller andra icke Onskvarda verkningar. FOrsOk att anvanda olje- kompositionerna 1)4) ensamma eller vatten eller en emulsion av typ Y eller godtyckliga andra emulsioner ensamma som bade smorjmedel och kylmedel vid kallvalsning av aluminium resulterande i metallOverforing, repning av eller flackbildning pa ytan. The process according to the invention has been applied in an aluminum plant for cold rolling of aluminum in a Schmitz rolling mill, whereby the surface of the metal before entering the rollers at room temperature is coated with mineral oil composition 4) above, and the rollers, when the coated aluminum surface passed between them, were treated with coolant. in the form of a 7% rich oil-in-water emulsion (Y) and 35% reduction was performed at 43 amps. Metal transfer and rolling ground did not occur and the surface was flat and in excellent condition. When applying the process in conjunction with cold rolling of aluminum on the set described above using mineral oil composition 2) above as lubricant and water as coolant, a reduction of 41 60% is obtained at a power consumption of 43-115 amps. without metal transfer, flaking or other non-adverse effects. Attempt to use the oil compositions 1) 4) alone or water or an emulsion of type Y or any other emulsions alone as both lubricants and coolants in cold rolling of aluminum resulting in metal transfer, scratching or flaking on the surface.

Claims

Patent claim:

1. Used in the rolling of aluminum and aluminum alloys, wherein a coolant and a lubricant are separately separated, characterized in that as a lubricant a composition consisting of a larger amount of one of aromatics is substantially free, joke emulsifiable mineral oil and a smaller amount of an unsaturated C12-22 fatty acid.

2. A kit according to claim 1, characterized in that the mineral oil has a viscosity range of 4.2-20.8 cSt, preferably 4.2-15.8 cSt at 37.8 ° C.

Set according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the amount of fatty acid is 10-40, preferably 25-30% by weight of the composition.

4. According to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is claimed that the unsaturated fatty acid consists of oleic acid.

5. Mt according to any of the foregoing patent claims, characterized in that the lubricant contains 0.05-1.0% of an oil-soluble trialkyl mono- or bisphenol.

6. A kit according to claim 5, characterized in that the trialkylphenol contains two tertiary alkyl groups in the 2,4- or 2,6-position.

7. Rolled product made using the set according to any of the foregoing patent claims. Request publications: