SE183150C1

SE183150C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE183150C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1963-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: K F Schlichting Prioritet begard rdn den 10 angusti 1955 (Forbundsrepubliken Tyskland) Foreliggande uppfinning avser en fiskbearbetningsmaskin med dels en eller flera verktyg for genomforande av bearbetningsforlopp pa fisken, dels en transportanordning fOr framforande av fisken till och forbi verktygen, dels avkanningsorgan far uppmatning av -vissa dimensioner hos fisken samt dels anordningar for magasinering av dimensionsvardena for manovrering av verktygen i beroende av fiskstorleken. Inventor: KF Schlichting Priority requested on 10 August 1955 (Federal Republic of Germany) The present invention relates to a fish processing machine with one or more tools for carrying out processing processes on the fish, and a transport device for conveying the fish to and past the tools, -some dimensions of the fish as well as devices for storing the dimension values for maneuvering the tools depending on the size of the fish.

Huvudsvarigheten vid maskinell bearbetning av fisk bestar i att uppna tillfredsstallande man8vrering av verktyg och styrningar, vilket är utslagsgivande for maskinens kapacitet och den framstallda produktens egenskaper. Manovreringen liar tvâ syften, ndmligen reglering av tidpunkten for varje verktygs och styrnings till- och frankoppling saint att under verktygets arbete bestamma dess rorelsevag alit efter fiskens slag och storlek. Hittills ha alla manoverforlopp utforts enhetligt genom uppmatning av fiskens storlek, varvid antingen en enda matning utforts vid fiskens intrade i maskinen eller en sarskild matning utforts fOr varje verktyg. Bestammande for den enhetliga regleringen av manovertidpunkter och -vagar var tanken att icke komplicera maskinen genom onodigt manga mat- och manoverorgan. DeL liar dock visat sig, att den enhetliga regleringen av alla man5verforlopp till slut leder till en sadan komplicering av mat- och manoverorganen, att den avsedda fordelen med enhetlig reglering av alla manoverfdrlopp icke uppnis men att istallet maskinens kapacitet minskas och produktens kvalitet forsamras. The main durability in the mechanical processing of fish consists in achieving satisfactory maneuverability of tools and guides, which is decisive for the machine's capacity and the properties of the product produced. The maneuver serves two purposes, namely to regulate the timing of the connection and disengagement of each tool and control in order to determine during the tool's work its motility according to the type and size of the fish. To date, all maneuvering operations have been performed uniformly by feeding the size of the fish, either a single feed being performed at the fish entering the machine or a separate feed being performed for each tool. Determining the uniform regulation of maneuvering times and scales was the idea of not complicating the machine by unnecessarily many food and maneuvering means. However, it has been found that the uniform control of all operating processes ultimately leads to such a complication of the food and control means that the intended advantage of uniform control of all operating processes is not achieved but instead the capacity of the machine is reduced and product quality deteriorates.

Foreliggande uppfinning syftar till att undanroja denna oldgenhet och maskinen enligt uppfinningen utmdrkes f8r detta andamal vasentligen ddray, att den utom de inledningsvis namnda organen är forsedd med av fiskens dimensioner paverkade avkanningsorgan, vil ka direkt eller under mellankoppling av fordrojningselement i ratt tidsfoljd manovrera igangsattningen och stoppandet av verktygens arbete. The present invention aims at eliminating this antiquity and the machine according to the invention is distinguished for this purpose essentially from the fact that, in addition to the means initially mentioned, it is provided with sensing means influenced by the dimensions of the fish, which can directly or during interconnection of displacement elements of the work of the tools.

Det inses, att behovet av komplicerade matoch mandverorgan f8r reglering av manovertidpunkterna bortfaller genom denna lOsning pA hela manoverproblemet och att mat- och manoverorganen for reglering av manovervagarna darigenom kunna f5renklas avsevart och forbdttras till effekten. It is understood that the need for complicated food and maneuvering means for regulating the operating times is eliminated by this solution to the whole maneuvering problem and that the food and maneuvering means for regulating the maneuvering means can thereby be simplified considerably and improved to the effect.

Utom de ndmnda fordelarna uppkommer emellertid annu en fordel, vars betydelse icke skall underskattas, sarskilt med avseende pa maskinens kapacitet. Vid de flesta tidigare kanda fiskbearbetningsmaskinerna genomga namligen fiskarna maskinen pa fasta, av medbringare bestamda avstand. Maskinens kapacitet är alltsá beroende av att varje medbringare matas med en fisk. Om nagra medbringare ga tomma, vilket intraffar bade vid matning f5r hand och maskinellt, minskas maskinens kapacitet i det att varje fisk, som missat en medbringare, fOrst fasttages av nasta medbringare. In addition to the advantages mentioned, however, another advantage arises, the importance of which should not be underestimated, especially with regard to the capacity of the machine. In most previously known fish processing machines, the fishermen pass the machine at a fixed distance, determined by the carrier. The capacity of the machine thus depends on each carrier being fed with a fish. If some carriers went empty, which occurs both when feeding by hand and by machine, the capacity of the machine is reduced in that each fish that misses a carrier is first caught by the next carrier.

Om enligt uppfinningen regleringen av manovertidpunkterna utfores medelst delar av fiskkroppen undgas nodvandigheten av att innehalla fasta avstand och alltsa att anordna medbringare, och tillatas fiskarna genomga maskinen pa godtyckliga inbardes avstand, dvs. aven inbordes olika avstand. Oberoende av pa vilket aystAnd Iran den foregaende fisken en fisk inkommer i maskinen intages den omgaende i arbetsforloppet. Tidpunkten for insattandet av verktyg och styrningar bestammes lampligen med hjalp av en del av den i riirelseriktningen framat liggande anden av fisken. If, according to the invention, the regulation of the maneuvering times is carried out by means of parts of the fish body, the necessity of containing fixed distances and thus of arranging carriers is avoided, and the fishermen are allowed to pass the machine at arbitrary distances, ie. even different distances are embedded. Regardless of which aystAnd Iran the previous fish a fish enters the machine, it is taken immediately in the work process. The time of insertion of tools and guides is suitably determined by means of a part of the spirit of the fish lying in the direction of movement.

Verktygets inkoppling medelst den i rorelseriktningen framsta delen av fisken utfores lampligen genom utsvangning av en verk- 2— — tyget avskarmande styrning. Likasa fraukopplas lam.pligen verktyget medelst den utlopande delen av fisken genom att det avskarmas med hjElp av en vid verktygets arbete utnyttj ad styrning. The coupling of the tool by means of the foremost part of the fish in the direction of movement is carried out suitably by swinging out a guide shielding the tool. Likewise, the tool is disengaged by means of the flared part of the fish by shielding it with the aid of a control used in the work of the tool.

Uppfinningen forklaras nedan narmare i anslatning till en fileteringsmaskin, men uppfinningen är tillamplig ph varje annan ma-skin. The invention is explained in more detail below in connection with a filleting machine, but the invention is applicable to any other machine.

Fig. 1 visar maskinens verktyg och styrnin.gar schematiskt. Fig. 1 shows the machine's tools and controls schematically.

Fig. 2 är en perspektivvy av verktygen och de anordningar, som transportera fisken genom maskinen. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the tools and the devices which transport the fish through the machine.

Fig. 3 ãr en perspekti-vvy av verktyg, avkanningsanordningar och styrningar. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of tools, sensing devices and guides.

Enligt fig. 1 och 2 omfattar maskinen en av en tallrikskniv bestaen.de bukkniv I, en av tva tallriksknivar bestaende bukflikskniv II, benkniven III, som bestar av tva parallella tallriksknivar, vilka ph buksidan friskara fiskkottet frail ryggbenen, frail bulthalans dude till stjartroten, den av tvâ i vinkel mot varandra anordnade tallriksknivar bestaende sidokniven IV, som friskar fiskkOttet frau revbenen i bukhaleomradet, och den av tva parallellt anordnade tallriksknivar bestaende rygg- eller fileteringskniven V, som pa ryggsidan friskar fiskkottet from ryggbenet, frau huvudanden till stjartroten. According to Figs. 1 and 2, the machine comprises one of a plate knife besten.de belly knife I, one of two plate knives consisting of belly flap knife II, the bone knife III, which consists of two parallel plate knives, which ph belly side healthier fish shot frail backbone, frail bulthalans dude to tail the side knife IV consisting of two plate knives arranged at an angle to each other, which freshens the fish meat from the ribs in the abdominal area, and the back knife or filleting knife V arranged in two parallel knives, which freshens the fish shot from the backbone to the tailbone.

Av matorgan innehaller maskinen forst en avkannare 1, som over en slid 8, en tandkoppling 30, en havstang 31 och en delningsmekanism 32 reglerar avstandet mellan kniyens III tallriksknivar alit efter fiskens storlek. Vidare innehaller maskinen ett avkanningsorgan 2, som East, Over en utlasare 15 for en sparrklinka 16 till en koppling 17 med en kurva 18, paverkar en svangbar styrning 6 intill knivens III tallriksknivar. For kniven III liar armed manOvervagen dvs. tallriksknivarnas avstand bestamts genom storleksavkannaren 1 och tidsvardena ha bestamts medelst tidsavkannaren 2. Den svangbara styrningen 6 avskarmar darvid kniven III, nar fiskens bukhala passerar denna. Genom utsvangning av styrningen 6 frigives sedan kniven III sâ att den pa buksidan friskar fiskkottet frail ryggbenet, frail bukhalans ande till stjartroten. Tidpunkten for omstallningen av tallriksknivarna i kniven III bestammes medelst avkannaren 2 over en utlosare 14 for en sparrklinka 13 till en tidkoppling 10 med en kurva 11. Of feeding means, the machine first contains a sensor 1, which over a slide 8, a tooth coupling 30, a sea rod 31 and a dividing mechanism 32 regulates the distance between the plate knives of the knife III alit according to the size of the fish. Furthermore, the machine contains a sensing means 2, which East, Over an unloader 15 for a ratchet latch 16 to a coupling 17 with a curve 18, acts on a pivotable guide 6 next to the plate knives of the knife III. For the knife III liar armed manOvervagen ie. the distance of the disc knives has been determined by the size sensor 1 and the time values have been determined by means of the time sensor 2. The pivoting guide 6 thereby shields the knife III when the belly tail of the fish passes it. By swinging out the guide 6, the knife III is then released so that on the abdominal side it heals the fish shot from the dorsal bone, from the spirit of the abdominal tail to the tail root. The time for the conversion of the disc knives in the knife III is determined by means of the sensor 2 over a trigger 14 for a ratchet latch 13 to a time coupling 10 with a curve 11.

Vidare finnes en storleksavkannare 3 for reglering av manovervagen for sidokniven IV, this. avstandet mellan tallriksknivarna; vid avkannarens 3 upplyftning utfores regleringen Over en slid 9, en tandkoppling 27, en mellanhaNstang 28 och en delningsmekanism 29. Med sidoskararen IV samverkar en svangbar styrning 7. Styrningens 7 utsvangning till arbetsstallningen utloses av fisken Over avkannaren 2 och kopplingen 17 med hjalp av en utlosningskam 19 for en sparrklinka 20 till en tvahastighetskoppling 21, som dessutom är forsedd med en kurva 22 Ion knivoppningens avstangning. Over sidoskararen IV finnes ytterligare en eftergivande styrning 4. Eftersom sidoskararen endast skall arbeta i bukhaleomradet, som ligger i fiskens i rorelseriktningen framre del, och fiskens hojdmatt avtages fran bukhalans Bade, anvandes storleksavkannaren 3 vid styrningen som franslagsavkannare for styrningen 7. Detta farsiggar, da styrningen i norrnalstallningen avskarmar sidokniven IV och avskarmningen maste utforas snabbt vid bukhalans ande, medelst en omkopplare 37 far snabbgang Over tvahastighetskopplingen 21, som Over en dubbel kurvsats 34 samverkar med en dubbelsparr 35, 36. Furthermore, there is a size sensor 3 for adjusting the control lever for the side knife IV, this. the distance between the plate knives; When the sensor 3 is raised, the control is performed over a slide 9, a tooth coupling 27, an intermediate rod 28 and a dividing mechanism 29. A pivotable guide 7 cooperates with the side cutter. release cam 19 for a ratchet latch 20 to a two-speed clutch 21, which is also provided with a curve 22 in the suspension of the knife opening. Above the side cutter IV there is a further resilient guide 4. Since the side cutter is only to work in the abdominal tail area, which is located in the front part of the fish in the direction of movement, and the fish's height mat is removed from the Badehal's Bade, the size scanner 3 was used at the guide. the control in the normal position shields the side knife IV and the shielding must be performed quickly at the spirit of the abdominal tail, by means of a switch 37 which accelerates over the two-speed coupling 21, which over a double cam set 34 cooperates with a double rafter 35, 36.

Tidpunkten for knivens IV franslagning bestammes av tidsavkannaren 2 Over lidskopplingen 10, en utlosningshaystang 23 for en sparrha.vstang 24 och en med en kurva 26 forsedd tidkoppling 25. En utlasningskam 12 an anordnad pa kopplingen 10 i och for att paverka utlosningshavstangen. The time of release of the knife IV is determined by the time sensor 2 above the lid coupling 10, a release hoist rod 23 for a chuck rod 24 and a time coupling 25 provided with a curve 26. A release cam 12 is arranged on the coupling 10 in order to influence the release sea rod.

Fisken styres pa. ett spett 5, pa. vitket fisken 15per upp med sin genom avskarningen av huvudet oppnade, framre ande av bukhalan. Kniven I arbetar i narheten air detta spett 5. Fiskens styrning utefter bearbetningsverktygen kan utforas pa vilket som heist i och for sig kant salt, men lampligen medelst transportanordningar, som fasttaga fisken pa utsidan, t. ex. transportband ph amse sidor om fisken. Dylika transportband 38 visas i fig. 2, dar i tydliggorande syfte endast verktygen avkanningsorganen 1-4, och transportbanden 38 visas. Transporthande.n st8djas fjadrande i sidled medelst synkront manovrerade tryekrullar 39. The fish is steered on. a skewer 5, pa. whit the fish 15per up with its, through the cut of the head opened, anterior spirit of the abdominal tail. The knife I works in the vicinity of this skewer 5. The control of the fish according to the processing tools can be performed on any hoist per se edge salt, but suitably by means of transport devices, which fasten the fish on the outside, e.g. conveyor belt ph amse pages about the fish. Such conveyor belts 38 are shown in Fig. 2, where for the sake of clarity only the tools scanning means 1-4, and the conveyor belts 38 are shown. The transport handle is supported laterally by means of synchronously maneuvered pressure rollers 39.

Anordningen enligt fig. 1, visas i detalj i fig. 3. Verktygen I och II ha utelamnats da dessa ej ha nagot samband med manovreringen. For att underlatta forstaelsen beskrivas delarnas samverkan inbordes vid utforande av sattet enligt uppfinningen. The device according to Fig. 1 is shown in detail in Fig. 3. The tools I and II have been omitted as these have no connection with the maneuvering. In order to facilitate the understanding, the interaction of the parts is described inboard when carrying out the set according to the invention.

Storleksavkannaren 1 lyftes av fiskryggen, som passerar under densamma, varvid avkannarens axel 41 vrides medurs och Over havstangen 42 saint stOtstangen 43 svanger haystangen 44 pa tappen 45 moturs; darigenom fiirskjutes tackhylsan 8 neat i motsvarighet till rygghOjden pa den ifragavarande fisken. Nar kurvan 11 vrides kring axeln 65 lyftes klinkan 49 med hj alp av rullen 48 pa haystangen 46. Klinkan 49 glider utefter tackhylsan 8 tills den infaller i den forsta tandluckan pa kuggstangen 30 och svanger sedan havstangen 50 moturs kring axeln 51. Harigenom vrides spridarkroppen 32 medurs Over havstangen 52 och dragstangen 53, varigenom tallriksknivarnas III inbordes avstand installes mot inverkan av tryckfjadrarna 56 alit efter den uppmatta fiskens bentjocklek. -- —3 Tidpunkten for denna installning bestammes medelst avkannaren 2, som lyftes av den nedanfor densamma genomgaende fisken. Harvid vrides axeln 57 medurs och svanger havstangen 60 pa tappen 61 medurs 5ver haystangen 58 och stotstangen 59 samt svanger havstangen 63 pa tappen 64 Over stotstangen 62, likasa. medurs. Genom utsvangning av sparren 14 frigives klinkan 13 for kopplingen 10, som da medtages medurs av den standigt roterande axeln 65 och s. att kurvan 11 vrides. The size sensor 1 is lifted by the fish ridge, which passes below it, whereby the shaft 41 of the sensor is turned clockwise and Over the sea rod 42 saint the push rod 43 pivots the hay rod 44 on the pin 45 counterclockwise; as a result, the tack sleeve 8 is displaced neatly in correspondence with the ridge height of the fish in question. When the curve 11 is rotated about the shaft 65, the latch 49 is lifted by means of the roller 48 on the hay rod 46. The latch 49 slides along the notch sleeve 8 until it falls into the first tooth cover on the rack 30 and then pivots the sea rod 50 counterclockwise around the shaft 51. clockwise Over the sea rod 52 and the drawbar 53, whereby the distance of the plate knives III inboard is installed against the influence of the compression springs 56 alit according to the bone thickness of the fed fish. - —3 The time for this installation is determined by means of the scanner 2, which is lifted by the fish passing through it below. Then the shaft 57 is rotated clockwise and the sea rod 60 on the pin 61 pivots clockwise over the hay rod 58 and the thrust rod 59 and the sea rod 63 pivots on the pin 64 over the thrust rod 62, as well. clockwise. By swinging out the ratchet 14, the latch 13 is released for the coupling 10, which is then taken clockwise by the constantly rotating shaft 65 and so that the curve 11 is rotated.

Efter en viss bestamd tid svangs anslagshaystangen 71 med hjalp av tappen 12, havstingen 66 och stotstangen 68 sa att kopplingen 25 likasa. kringvrides. After a certain amount of time, the abutment hay rod 71 is pivoted with the aid of the pin 12, the sea sting 66 and the thrust rod 68 so that the coupling 25 is the same. twisted.

Samtidigt med kopplingens 10 frigivande frigives aven kopplingen 17. Under rotationen av den med avtagande radie utformade kurvan 18 i kopplingen 17 vrides axeln 122 medurs Over rullen 120 och havstangen 121, och Over dragstangen 124 svangs styrningen 6 likasa medurs, sa att denna joke langre avskarmar de bagge tallriksknivarna III, varfor dessa friskara fiskkottet fran benen, fran bukhalans ande till stjartanden. Simultaneously with the release of the coupling 10, the coupling 17 is also released. During the rotation of the decreasing radius 18 in the coupling 17, the shaft 122 is rotated clockwise over the roller 120 and the sea rod 121, and the ram plate knives III, wherefore these healthier fish shot from the legs, from the spirit of the belly tail to the tail tooth.

Medelst storleksavkannaren 3 pa axeln 82 svangs ha.vstangen 78 over havstangen 81 och skjutstangen 80 moturs vid genomga.ngen av en fisk, varigenom tacksliden 9 forskjutes nedat alltefter fiskstorleken. Genom paverkan av den roterande kurvan 26 lyftes havstangen 75 och darmed ldinkan 77 med hjalp av rullen 74. Efter denna klinkas 77 insnappande bakom den nedersta friliggande tanden pa kuggstangen 27 lyftes denna, varvid havstangen 83 och kurvan 85 svanga medurs omkring axeln 87. Samtidigt svangs spridarkroppen 20 medurs sd att revbensknivarnas IV inbkdes avstand installes alltefter den ifragavarande fiskens storlek. By means of the size sensor 3 on the shaft 82, the sea rod 78 is pivoted over the sea rod 81 and the push rod 80 counterclockwise during the passage of a fish, whereby the tack slide 9 is displaced downwards according to the size of the fish. By actuating the rotating curve 26, the sea rod 75 and thus the sink 77 are lifted with the aid of the roller 74. After this, the rivet 7 is snapped behind the lower exposed tooth on the rack 27, which is lifted, the sea rod 83 and the curve 85 pivoting clockwise about the axis 87. the spreader body 20 clockwise so that the distance of the ribs of the rib knives IV is installed according to the size of the fish in question.

Havstangen 28 pa axeln 88 svangs medurs av kurvan 85 och rullen 86 och darmed installes den vid axelns andra ande fasta styrningen 7 pa det fiskstorleken motsvarande avstandet fran tallriksknivarna IV. The sea rod 28 on the shaft 88 is pivoted clockwise by the curve 85 and the roller 86 and thus the fixed guide 7 at the second end of the shaft is installed at the fish size corresponding to the distance from the plate knives IV.

Kopplingen 17 frigiver kopplingen 118 med hjalp av tappen 19 pa kurvan 18 och sparrhavstanger 110 och 115, sa att denna vrides medurs, narmare bestamt med drivaxelns halva vinkelhastighet. Nar fiskens ande passerar nedanfor avkannaren 40 faller denna och haystangen 93, som medelst axeln 92 Or forbun den med avkannaren 4, trycker havstangen 96 moturs medelst den med tappen 95 forbundna klinkan 94. Under svangning kring tappen 97 vrider havstangen 96 sedan medelst tappen. 98 den pa tappen 99 vridbart lagrade klinkbararen 100 medurs, sa att den av tryckfjadern 104 paverkade kopplingshaystangen 101 frigives. Efter kopplingsmuffens 105 forskjutning medelst kopplingshavstangen 101 svanger den enligt ritningen innanfor kopplingsmuffen 105 belagna konen rullhavstangen 108 utat kring axeln 107 medelst den kulformade rullen 106. Darigenom franslas utvaxlingsanordningen sa att kopplingen 21 vrides med samma vinkelhastighet som drivaxeln 119 och med hjalp av kurvan 22 saint rullen 89 lyfter havstangen 28 och styrningen 7 tatt under tallriksknivarna IV, s att dessa aro overksamma fran bukhalans ande till fiskens stjartande. The coupling 17 releases the coupling 118 with the aid of the pin 19 on the curve 18 and the ratchet rods 110 and 115, so that it rotates clockwise, more precisely with half the angular velocity of the drive shaft. When the spirit of the fish passes below the sensor 40, it falls and the shark rod 93, which by means of the shaft 92 is connected to the sensor 4, pushes the sea rod 96 counterclockwise by the latch 94 connected to the pin 95. During pivoting about the pin 97, the sea rod 96 then rotates by the pin. 98 the rivet carrier 100 rotatably mounted on the pin 99 clockwise so that the clutch lift rod 101 actuated by the compression spring 104 is released. After the coupling sleeve 105 is displaced by means of the coupling sea rod 101, the cone coated according to the drawing inside the coupling sleeve 105 pivots the roller sea rod 108 outwards about the shaft 107 by means of the ball-shaped roller 106. Thereby 89 lifts the sea rod 28 and the guide 7 taken under the disc knives IV, so that they are inactive from the spirit of the belly tail to the staring of the fish.

Samtliga kopplingar 10, 17, 21 och 25 intaga efter ett vary sin utgangsstallning genom anslag mot klinkorna 14, 15, 84 och 100, sa att anordningarna Oro beredda for passage av ytterligare en fisk. Kopplingshavstangens 101 tillbakagang astadkommes medelst en rulle 117 och kurvan. 116 vid klinkhavstangens 115 moturs svangning tillbaka kring axeln 114. All couplings 10, 17, 21 and 25 take up after a vary their starting position by abutment against the latches 14, 15, 84 and 100, so that the devices are prepared for the passage of another fish. The return of the coupling sea rod 101 is effected by means of a roller 117 and the curve. 116 at the counterclockwise swing of the clinker rod 115 back about the shaft 114.

Claims

Patent claim: A fish processing machine has one or more tools for carrying out processing processes on the fish, a transport device for conveying the fish to and past the tools, a scanning means for feeding certain dimensions of the fish and devices for storing the dimension values for maneuvering. of the tools depending on the size of the fish, characterized in that the machine is also provided with sensing means influenced by the dimensions of the fish, which directly or during interconnection of displacement elements in the right time sequence maneuver the starting and stopping of the work of the tools. Request publications: Patent documents from Sweden 150,995; Norway 27,464; United Kingdom 701 680; Germany 943 612. Stockholm 1953. xungl. Boktr. P. A. Norstedt & Sbner. 630089 Fl G.

2. OSI E8I ° IN 4011121rd my GENERAL STABENS LITOGR. INSTITUTION.