SE1351184A1

SE1351184A1 - Device on a wheel axle and rail-mounted vehicle with such wheel axle

Info

Publication number: SE1351184A1
Application number: SE1351184A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Björn Söderberg
Original assignee: Rosenqvist Rail Ab
Priority date: 2013-10-07
Filing date: 2013-10-07
Publication date: 2015-04-08
Also published as: EP3055181A4; EP3055181A1; SE538487C2; WO2015053682A1; DK3055181T3; EP3055181B1

Abstract

SAMMANDRAG Uppfinningen avser en anordning vid en hjulaxel vilken anordning innefattar en stel hjulaxel (11) till vilkens [Ada andar vardera ett hjul (12, 13) är roterbart lagrat vilken hjulaxel (11) är ansluten till och halls av ett stodorgan (14) som är fast anslutet direkt eller indirekt till ett arbetsredskaps chassi pa sadant satt att hjulaxeln (11) atminstone vid en ande kan rora sig i vertikal led i forhallande till st6dorganet (14), varvid stodorganet (14) är utformat for att medge en begransad translatorisk rorelse av hjulaxeln (11) en bestamd stracka i forhallande till st6dorganet (14). Uppfinningen avser aven ett ralsbundet fordon forsett med en sadan anordning. SUMMARY The invention relates to a device at a wheel axle which device comprises a rigid wheel axle (11) to which [Ada spirits each a wheel (12, 13) is rotatably mounted which wheel axle (11) is connected to and held by a support member (14) which is fixedly or indirectly connected to the chassis of a work tool in such a way that the wheel axle (11) can move vertically at least in one direction relative to the support member (14), the support member (14) being designed to allow a limited translational movement of the wheel axle (11) a certain distance in relation to the support member (14). The invention also relates to a rail-bound vehicle provided with such a device.

Description

ANORDNING VID EN HJULAXEL SAMT RALSBUNDET FORDON MED SADAN HJULAXEL Tekniskt omrade Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till en axelupphangning och en hjulaxel, foretradesvis fOr spargaende arbetsredskap eller fordon, vilken axelupphangning tillater arbetsredskapet sparkontakt aven vid horisontellt okorrigerade sparomraden och aven nar arbetsredskapet har en kraftigt sidoforskjuten last som tenderar till tippning av redskapet. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a axle suspension and a wheel axle, preferably for saving work tools or vehicles, which axle suspension allows the working tool to have a spare contact even when the workload is horizontally uncorrected. tends to tip the implement.

Uppfinningens bakgrund Okade krav pa sakerhet mot tippning och ursparning for spargaende ar- betsredskap kraver att maskinens alla hjul har kontakt med sparet aven under varsta tankbara forhallanden. Ett byggspar har ofta en ogynnsam geometri som innebar att risken for ursparning är hogre an for ett fardigstallt spar. Background of the invention Increased requirements for safety against tipping and recessing for saving work tools require that all wheels of the machine have contact with the cut even under the most conceivable conditions. A construction pair often has an unfavorable geometry, which means that the risk of saving is higher than for a completed pair.

Historiskt sett sa har ralsaxlar for spargaende arbetsredskap varit en stel konstruktion. Den enda rorligheten som tidigare medgavs var strukturens utbojning i konstruktionen vid forandring av hjullasten. Detta gay en viss foljsannhet mot sparets ojamnheter. Historically, razor shafts for saving work tools have been a rigid construction. The only mobility previously allowed was the deflection of the structure in the structure when changing the wheel load. This gay a certain folly truth against the inequalities of the savings.

Dock kraver sakerheten att foljsamheten mot ett underlag sasom spar med ogynnsamma geometrier okas och aven om mojligt indikerar att en grans mot en tippning passeras. However, the certainty requires that the compliance with a surface such as spares with unfavorable geometries is increased and even if possible indicates that a spruce against a tipping is passed.

Tidigare kand teknik pa detta omrade innefattar ett arbetsfordon avsedd att framforas pa ett ralsavsnitt dar fordonet är anslutet till en hjulaxel som har ralskon- takt och som kan till en viss grans fOlja ett ralsavsnitt med ogynnsam geometri, det vill saga att de !Dada parallellt lopande skenorna inte är injusterade till varandra i vagplanet. Hjulaxeln är harvid upphangd till sift chassi och vridbar i forhallande till detta kring en central belagen langgaende axel varvid hydraulcylindrar anvands for att lasa fast hjulaxelns vinkellage vid arbete och ger det ovriga arbetsfordonet ett st6d mot denna hjulaxel trots att arbetsfordonets egen hjulaxel inte formar uppratthalla rals/markkontakt. Prior art technology in this field includes a work vehicle intended to be driven on a rail section where the vehicle is connected to a wheel axle which has rail contact and which can to a certain extent follow a rail section with unfavorable geometry, i.e. they run parallel. the rails are not aligned with each other in the plane. The wheel axle is then suspended to a sieve chassis and rotatable in relation to this about a centrally located longitudinal axis, whereby hydraulic cylinders are used to fasten the angular bearing of the wheel axle at work and gives the other work vehicle a support against this wheel axle. ground contact.

Tidigare kand teknik innefattar flagon form av hydraulik f6r att astadkomma stabiliteten for att arbeta med arbetsredskapet. Saledes kraver befintliga anord- 2 ningar hydraul-ledningar, tryckmedel, hydraulikstyrningar etc. Alla dessa anordningar utgor ytterligare komponenter i systemet som komplicerar och fordyrar konstruktionen. Prior art includes flake form hydraulics to provide stability for working with the work tool. Thus, existing devices require hydraulic lines, pressure means, hydraulic guides, etc. All of these devices constitute additional components in the system which complicate and increase the cost of construction.

Uppfinningens syfte Syftet med foreliggande uppfinning är att astadkomma en axelanordning som medger vertikal rorlighet fOr hjulen sa att kontakten med ralsen alltid uppratthalls. OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a shaft device which allows vertical mobility of the wheels so that the contact with the roller is always maintained.

Syftet är vidare att astadkomma en sadan anordning som innebar att rorligheten inte paverkar maskinen negativt ur arbetshanseende med minskad stabilitet. Syftet är vidare att astadkomma en sadan anordning som erbjuder en okad sakerhet mot tippning. The purpose is further to provide such a device which meant that the mobility does not adversely affect the machine from a working point of view with reduced stability. The purpose is further to provide such a device which offers an increased safety against tipping.

Syftet är aven att astadkomma en sadan anordning utan att addera vare sig hydrauliska eller elektriska stodfunktioner till systemet. The purpose is also to provide such a device without adding either hydraulic or electric support functions to the system.

Dessutom är syftet att erhalla en enkel och kostnadseffektiv anordning vil- ken är bade latt att underhalla och latt att anpassa for olika belastningstillfallen. In addition, the purpose is to obtain a simple and cost-effective device which is both easy to maintain and easy to adapt to different load conditions.

Sammanfattning av uppfinningen Genom foreliggande uppfinning sa som denna framgar i de sjalvstandiga patentkraven, uppfylls ovan angivna syften varvid namnda nackdelar har eliminerats. Lampliga utforingsformer av uppfinningen anges i de osjalvstandiga patentkraven. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION By the present invention as set forth in the independent claims, the above objects are met whereby said disadvantages have been eliminated. Suitable embodiments of the invention are set out in the dependent claims.

Uppfinningen avser en anordning vid en hjulaxel vilken anordning innefattar en stel hjulaxel till vilkens [Dada andar vardera ett hjul är roterbart lagrat. Hju- laxeln är ansluten till och halls morn ett omrade av ett st6dorgan som är fast anslutet direkt eller indirekt till ett arbetsredskaps chassi pa sadant satt att hjulaxeln atminstone vid en ande kan ram sig i vertikal led i forhallande till stodorganet. St6dorganet är utformat for att medge en begransad translatorisk rorelse av hjulaxeln en bestarnd stracka i forhallande till stodorganet. Med "translatorisk" avses att samtliga punkter i hjulaxeln ror sig lika lang stracka vid en forflyttning av hjulaxeln. Denna translatoriska rorelse kan aven vara kombinerad med en vinkelrorelse av hjulaxeln. The invention relates to a device at a wheel axle which device comprises a rigid wheel axle to which [Dada spirits each wheel is rotatably mounted. The wheel axle is connected to and held to the ground by an area of a support member which is fixedly connected directly or indirectly to a work tool chassis in such a way that the wheel axle can at least in one spirit frame vertically in relation to the support member. The support member is designed to allow a limited translational movement of the wheel axle a fixed distance in relation to the support member. By "translational" is meant that all points in the wheel axle move equally long when the wheel axle is moved. This translational movement can also be combined with an angular movement of the wheel axle.

I en utf6ringsform av anordningen innefattar stodorganet en over hjulaxeln atminstone delvis omslutande och med andoppningar forsedd kraftbalk inuti vilken 3 hjulaxeln belastningsfritt kan utfora denna translatoriska rorelse mellan tva andlagen i vertikal led. Harvid kan hjulaxelns ena respektive andra ande ram sig en bestarnd stracka under belastning. Att hjulaxeln kan rOra sig belastningsfritt innebar att det finns utrymme f6r hjulaxeln att r6ra sig i forhallande till stodorganet om man tanker sig att eliminera samtliga krafter som motverkar en sadan rOrelse. Till exempel kan en sadan rorelse ske om hela hjulaxelsystemet lyfts sa att hjulen "svavar" i luften och fOrskjutningskrafter tillats paverka hjulaxeln i delta lage. Att hjulaxeln kan r6ra sig en bestamd stracka under belastning innebar att denna rorelse kan ske samtidigt som krafter overfors tan stodorganet till ett underlag pa vilket hjulen rullar via hjulaxeln. Denna rorelse under belastning är en vinkelrorelse av hjulaxeln i forhallande till stodorganet med vridningscentrat belaget i det ena eller andra laget f6r kraftoverforing mellan stodorganet och hjulaxeln. Saledes är hjulaxeln fritt rorlig inuti stodorganet och i forhallande till kraftbalken om inga belastningar forekommer. Fordelarna med en sadan "fritt rorlig" hjulaxel är att hjulaxeln inte är ansluten till flagon annan upphangningskomponent over huvud taget. Vi-dare konnnner en sadan hjulaxel att vara helt sjalvjusterande vid olika typer av belastningsfall. In an embodiment of the device, the support member comprises a force beam at least partially enclosing above the wheel axle and provided with apertures inside which the wheel axle can perform this translational movement between two stops in the vertical direction without load. In this case, one or the other spirit of the wheel axle can strike a permanent distance under load. The fact that the wheel axle can move without load means that there is room for the wheel axle to move in relation to the support member if one intends to eliminate all forces which counteract such a movement. For example, such a movement can occur if the entire wheel axle system is lifted so that the wheels "float" in the air and displacement forces are allowed to affect the wheel axle in delta position. The fact that the wheel axle can move a certain distance under load meant that this movement can take place at the same time as forces are transferred to the support member to a ground on which the wheels roll via the wheel axle. This movement under load is an angular movement of the wheel axle in relation to the support member with the center of rotation coated in one or the other layer for force transmission between the support member and the wheel axle. Thus, the wheel axle is freely movable inside the support member and in relation to the power beam if no loads occur. The advantages of such a "freely movable" wheel axle are that the wheel axle is not connected to any other suspension component at all. Furthermore, such a wheel axle can be completely self-adjusting in different types of load cases.

I en utforingsform av anordningen begransas namnda stracka dels av stodorganet och dels av till stodorganet anslutna overfall. Enligt de visade utfo- ringsformerna begransar stodorganet hjulaxelns rorelse uppat samt framat och bakat medan overfallet begransar hjulaxelns rorelse neat. Saledes bestammer stodorganet och overfallet granserna for hjulaxelns maximala rorelse. In an embodiment of the device, the said distance is delimited partly by the support member and partly by the attachment connected to the support member. According to the embodiments shown, the support member limits the movement of the wheel axle upwards and forwards and backwards, while the attack limits the movement of the wheel axle neatly. Thus, the support member and the attachment determine the limits of the maximum movement of the wheel axle.

I en utf6ringsform av anordningen är kraftoverforande distansmedel placerade mellan hjulaxeln och stodorganet. Sadana distansmedel kan vara monterade endera pa stod eller pa hjulaxeln och är anpassade for att overfora krafter som resultat av arbetsredskapets massa. In one embodiment of the device, force-transmitting spacers are located between the wheel axle and the support member. Such spacers can be mounted either on a stand or on the wheel axle and are adapted to transmit forces as a result of the mass of the work tool.

I en utf6ringsform av anordningen är kraftoverforande distansmedel place- rade pa hjulaxelns ovansida inuti kraftbalken i anslutning till dess !Dada andar. In one embodiment of the device, power transmitting spacers are located on the top of the wheel axle inside the power beam adjacent to its dead ends.

I en utf6ringsform av anordningen är de kraftoverforande distansmedlen monterade pa och kring atminstone en del av hjulaxeln monterade styrdon vilka for montering av distansmedlen är f6rsedda med monteringsytor. I de visade utf6- ringsformerna är dessa styrdon utformade som rektangulara block med ovre, frannre och bakre samverkansytor. Dessa ytor sannverkar med stodorganet och speciellt i en utforingsform samverkar de med insidan av kraftbalken. 4 I en utforingsform av anordningen är namnda styrdon forsedda med en framre langddistans och en bakre langddistans. Dessa langddistanser utgor en anpassning av hjulaxelns lage i forhallande till kraftbalken. In one embodiment of the device, the force-transmitting spacers are mounted on and around at least a part of the wheel axle mounted controls which for the mounting of the spacers are provided with mounting surfaces. In the embodiments shown, these controls are designed as rectangular blocks with upper, front and rear co-operation surfaces. These surfaces act with the support member and, especially in one embodiment, they co-operate with the inside of the power beam. In an embodiment of the device, said control means are provided with a front long distance and a rear long distance. These long distances constitute an adaptation of the bearing of the wheel axle in relation to the power beam.

I en utf6ringsform av anordningen är atminstone flagon av langddistanser- na fOrsedd med ett eller flera shims, det vill saga tunna mellanlagg, fOr en mer precis anpassning av hjulaxelns langdlage i forhallande till kraftbalken. Shims kan aven anvandas for att minska hjulaxelns vertikala rOrelsemOjlighet. In one embodiment of the device, at least a flake of the longitudinal spacers is provided with one or more shims, i.e. thin intermediate layers, for a more precise adaptation of the longitudinal layer of the wheel axle in relation to the power beam. Shims can also be used to reduce the wheel's vertical mobility.

I en utf6ringsform av anordningen sanntliga monteringsytor är plana. Denna utforingsform är fordelaktig eftersom plana ytor är enkla att montera och utgor en kontrollerad fordelning av de overforda krafterna. In one embodiment of the device, true mounting surfaces are flat. This embodiment is advantageous because flat surfaces are easy to assemble and constitute a controlled distribution of the excess forces.

Uppfinningen avser aven ett ralsbundet fordon vilket är forsett med atminstone en hjulaxelanordning enligt vad som ovan indikerats. !nom ramen for uppfinningen skyddas aven andra konstruktioner, till exempel sadana som är utformade med armar som omsluter axeln och med juster- skruvar vid hjulaxelns ovansida som begransar hjulaxelns translatoriska rorelse i vertikal led. The invention also relates to a rail-bound vehicle which is provided with at least one wheel axle device as indicated above. Within the scope of the invention, other constructions are also protected, for example those which are designed with arms enclosing the axle and with adjusting screws at the top of the wheel axle which delimit the translational movement of the wheel axle in vertical direction.

Trots att uppfinningen i forsta hand är tillamplig pa sparbundna arbetsredskap eller fordon är aven uppfinningen anvandbar for nnarkbundna arbetsredskap eller fordon vilka hanterar stora sidoforflyttade laster, exempelvis lastmaskiner, hjulkranar, railtrailer, vagnar och liknande. Although the invention is primarily applicable to energy-saving work tools or vehicles, the invention is also applicable to articulated work tools or vehicles which handle large laterally displaced loads, for example loaders, wheel cranes, rail trailers, wagons and the like.

Kort beskrivning av ritningarna Uppfinningen kommer nu med hanvisningar i anslutning till bifogade ritningsfigurer att narmare beskrivas. Ritningsfigurerna visar endast principskisser avsedda att underlatta forstaelsen av uppfinningen. Brief description of the drawings The invention will now be described in more detail with male references in connection with the accompanying drawing figures. The drawing figures show only principle sketches intended to facilitate the understanding of the invention.

Figur 1visar en sprangvy i perspektiv av en forsta utforingsform av upp- finningen. Figure 1 shows an exploded perspective view of a first embodiment of the invention.

Figur 2visar i perspektiv den forsta utforingsformen av uppfinningen hopmonterad. Figure 2 shows in perspective the first embodiment of the invention assembled.

Figur 3visar en toppvy av utforingsformen enligt figur 2. Figure 3 shows a top view of the embodiment according to Figure 2.

Figur 4visar en frontvy av utf6ringsformen enligt figur 2. Figure 4 shows a front view of the embodiment according to Figure 2.

Figur visar ett axiellt snitt A-A enligt figur 3. Figure shows an axial section A-A according to figure 3.

Figur 6visar ett tvarsnitt B-B enligt figur 4. Figure 6 shows a cross section B-B according to figure 4.

Figur 7visar ett axiellt snitt av en andra utforingsform enligt uppfinning- en vid ett forsta belastningsfall. Figure 7 shows an axial section of a second embodiment according to the invention in a first load case.

Figur 8visar snittet enligt figur 7 vid ett andra belastningsfall. Figure 8 shows the section according to Figure 7 in a second load drop.

Figur 9visar snittet enligt figur 7 vid ett tredje belastningsfall. Figure 9 shows the section according to Figure 7 at a third load drop.

Beskrivning av uppfinningen Figur 1 visar i en sprangvy av ett hjulaxelsystem 10 i vilket det ingar en anordning enligt en utf6ringsform inom ramen f6r foreliggande uppfinning vid en hjulaxel vilken anordning innefattar en stel hjulaxel 11 till vilkens !Dada andar vardera ett hjul 12, 13 är roterbart monterat. Hjulaxel 11 är ansluten till ett stodorgan 14 som är fast anslutet direkt eller indirekt till ett arbetsredskaps chassi pa sadant satt att hjulaxeln 11 atminstone vid sin ena ande kan rora sig i vertikal led i forhallande till stodorganet 14. Stodorganet är utformat som en over hjulaxeln 11 at- minstone delvis omslutande U-formad kraftbalk 15 forsedd med andoppningar 16. lnuti kraftbalken 15 kan hjulaxelns ena ande 17 respektive andra ande 18 kan ram sig i vertikal led en bestannd stracka. Strackan begransas i vertikal led uppat av kraftoverforande distansmedel 19 pa ovansidan av hjulaxeln 11. Distansmedlen 19 är monterade mot toppytor 20 pa rektangulara styrdon 21 i sin tur monterade runt omkring hjulaxeln 11. Vidare är styrdonen forsedda med langddistanser 221, 222 vika är monterade pa styrdonens framre och bakre ytor for att justera hjulaxelns langdlage i stOdorganet 14. FOr ytterligare en finjustering av detta lage kan ett eller flera shims 223 adderas till langddistanserna. Namnda stracka begransas aven i vertikal led nedat av till kraftbalkens 15 andoppningar anslutna overfall 23 vilka är anslutna till kraftbalkens andar med skruvfOrband. Styrdon 21 är monterade kring hjulaxeln 11 vid bada dess andar och foljaktligen är aven distansmedel och langddistanser monterade vid !Dada andarna. Bada hjulen 12, 13 är lagrade pa hjulaxeln via respektive axeltappar 24. Description of the invention Figure 1 shows in an exploded view of a wheel axle system 10 in which it incorporates a device according to an embodiment within the scope of the present invention at a wheel axle which device comprises a rigid wheel axle 11 to which two wheels 12, 13 are rotatable. mounted. Wheel axle 11 is connected to a support member 14 which is fixedly connected directly or indirectly to a chassis of a work tool in such a way that the wheel axle 11 can move at least at one end in vertical direction relative to the support member 14. The support member is designed as an over wheel axle 11 at least partially enclosing U-shaped power beam 15 provided with openings 16. Within the power beam 15, one end 17 and the other end 18 of the wheel axle, respectively, can frame vertically a fixed distance. The distance is limited in vertical direction upwards by force-transmitting spacers 19 on the upper side of the wheel axle 11. The spacers 19 are mounted against top surfaces 20 of rectangular guides 21 in turn mounted around the wheel axle 11. Furthermore, the guides are provided with longitudinal spacers 221, 222 which are mounted on the guide front and rear surfaces for adjusting the longitudinal position of the wheel axle in the support member 14. For a further fine adjustment of this position, one or more shims 223 may be added to the longitudinal distances. Said section is also delimited in the vertical direction downwards by the rafters 23 connected to the end caps of the power beam 15, which are connected to the spirits of the power beam with screw joints. Guide devices 21 are mounted around the wheel axle 11 at both of its spirits and consequently spacers and long distances are also mounted at the two spirits. Both wheels 12, 13 are mounted on the wheel axle via respective axle pins 24.

Figur 2 visar hjulaxelsystemet 10 hopmonterat. Hjulen 12, 13 är monte- rade pa sina axeltappar 24 och hjulaxeln är monterad till st6dorganet 14 med Over-fallen 23 som anslutits till stodorganet 14 med skruvforband 25. Som framgar av figuren är hela overdelen av hjulaxeln omsluten av stodorganet 14. Stodorganet är forsett med lastforstarkningar 26 i form av skivbalkar vilka är anslutna till ett forsta nnonteringsdon 27 och ett andra monteringsdon 28 for anslutning av stodorganet 14 till ett arbetsfordon, inte visat. 6 Figur 3 visar en toppvy av utforingsformen enligt figur 2 med de !Dada hjulen 12, 13 anslutna till hjulaxelns axeltappar 24 samt anordningens stodorgan 14. Figure 2 shows the wheel axle system 10 assembled. The wheels 12, 13 are mounted on their axle pins 24 and the wheel axle is mounted to the support member 14 with the over-falls 23 connected to the support member 14 with screw joints 25. As can be seen from the figure, the entire upper part of the wheel axle is enclosed by the support member 14. The support member is provided with load reinforcements 26 in the form of disc beams which are connected to a first mounting device 27 and a second mounting device 28 for connecting the support member 14 to a work vehicle, not shown. Figure 3 shows a top view of the embodiment according to figure 2 with the dead wheels 12, 13 connected to the axle pins 24 of the wheel axle and the support members 14 of the device.

Figur 4 visar en frontvy av utforingsformen enligt figur 2 med de bada hjulen 12, 13 anslutna till hjulaxelns 11 axeltappar 24 samt anordningens stodorgan 14. Figuren visar aven ett reglerdon 41 fOr att stabilisera hjulaxelns 11 rOrelser i stodorganet 14. Figure 4 shows a front view of the embodiment according to Figure 2 with the two wheels 12, 13 connected to the axle pins 24 of the wheel axle 11 and the support members 14 of the device. The figure also shows a control device 41 for stabilizing the movements of the wheel axle 11 in the support member 14.

Figur 5 visar ett snitt A-A enligt figur 3 med hjulen 12, 13 lagrat monterade pa sina respektive axeltappar 24 i andarna av hjulaxeln 11 som i sin tur är placerad inuti stodorganet 14. Hjulaxeln 11 anligger mot insidan av stodorganet 14 via de kraftoverforande distansmedlen 19 pa ovansidan av hjulaxeln 11. Vid vertikalt nedat belastat stodorgan 14 kommer hjulaxeln 11 och distansmedlen 19 att pressas mot insidan av stodorganet 14 som figuren visar. Ar den neat riktade kraften F symmetriskt placerad mot stodorganet kommer krafter att fordelas till hjulaxeln 11 med F/2 genom varje distansmedel 19 enligt de vertikalt riktade pilarna i figuren. Vidare visar figuren att det i vardera overfallet 23 finns ett vertikalt spel 51, 52 som tillater hjulaxelns 11 respektive ande att forskjutas i vertikal led inuti stodorganet 14 om det sker en snedbelastning av stodorganet 14. Figure 5 shows a section AA according to Figure 3 with the wheels 12, 13 mounted mounted on their respective axle pins 24 in the spirits of the wheel axle 11 which in turn is placed inside the support member 14. The wheel axle 11 abuts the inside of the support member 14 via the force transmitting spacers 19 pa the upper side of the wheel axle 11. With vertically downwardly loaded support member 14, the wheel axle 11 and the spacer means 19 will be pressed against the inside of the support member 14 as shown in the figure. If the non-directed force F is symmetrically placed against the support member, forces will be distributed to the wheel axle 11 with F / 2 through each spacer 19 according to the vertically directed arrows in the figure. Furthermore, the figure shows that in each raid 23 there is a vertical clearance 51, 52 which allows the respective spirit of the wheel axle 11 to be displaced in vertical direction inside the support member 14 if there is an oblique load of the support member 14.

Figur 6 visar ett tvarsnitt B-B enligt figur 4 genom styrdonet 21 som är monterat runt hjulaxeln 11. Hjulet 13 är anslutet till hjulaxeln 11 pa tidigare beskri- vet satt. Ena sidans distansmedel 19 som är plant och horisontellt monterat pa styrdonet 21 anligger mot insidan av stodorganets 14 ovre sida. Figuren visar aven spelet 52 mellan hjulaxeln 11 och overfallets 23 insida. I langdriktningen och monterade pa styrdonet 21 är langddistanserna 221, 222 monterade. Dessa langddistanser är plana monterade mot vertikalt riktade och plana sidor av styrdo- net 21. En anpassning av dessa langddistanser Ors f6r att justera hjulaxelns lage i langdled i stodorganet 14. Langddistanserna 221, 222 anligger harvid mot skidorganets 14 vertikala insidor 61, 62 enligt figuren. Figure 6 shows a cross section B-B according to figure 4 through the guide device 21 which is mounted around the wheel axle 11. The wheel 13 is connected to the wheel axle 11 in the manner previously described. One side spacer 19 which is flat and horizontally mounted on the guide member 21 abuts the inside of the upper side of the support member 14. The figure also shows the clearance 52 between the wheel axle 11 and the inside of the assault 23. In the longitudinal direction and mounted on the guide device 21, the longitudinal distances 221, 222 are mounted. These longitudinal distances are mounted flat against vertically directed and flat sides of the guide member 21. An adaptation of these longitudinal distances is made to adjust the longitudinal position of the wheel axle in the support member 14. The longitudinal distances 221, 222 abut the vertical insides 61, 62 of the ski member 14 according to the figure. .

I figurerna 7-9 beskrivs nagra belastningsfall som illustrerar foreliggande uppfinning. Figures 7-9 describe some load cases illustrating the present invention.

Figur 7 visar ett forsta belastningsfall vid en andra utforingsform av upp- finningen med motsvarande sifferbeteckningar som angetts i figur 5. Saledes visar figuren ett motsvarande axiellt snitt med hjulen 12, 13 lagrat monterade pa sina respektive axeltappar 24 i andarna av hjulaxeln 11 som i sin tur är placerad inuti stodorganet 14. Hjulaxeln 11 anligger mot insidan av stodorganet 14 via de krafto- 7 verforande distansmedlen 19 pa ovansidan av hjulaxeln 11. Ar den nedat riktade kraften F symmetriskt placerad mot stodorganet kommer krafter att fordelas till hjulaxeln 11 med F/2 genom varje distansmedel 19 enligt de vertikalt riktade pilarna i figuren pa samma satt som visats i figur 5. Vidare visar figuren att det i vardera Overfallet 23 finns ett vertikalt spel 51, 52 som tillater hjulaxelns 11 respektive ande att forskjutas i vertikal led inuti stodorganet 14 om det sker en snedbelastning av stOdorganet 14. I figuren har underlaget 71 som är helt plant visats med en streckprickad linje. Underlaget i figuren representerar ett ralsavsnitt i vilket !Dada ralerna är helt vagrata i forhallande till varandra, det vill saga belastningsfallet är helt symmetriskt. Lika stor kraft overfors till varje hjuls 12, 13 kontakt mot respektive underlag. Ett arbetsfordon är forsett med en framre hjulaxel 11 och en bakre hjulaxel vilka !Dada hjulaxlar i det visade belastningsfallet befinner sig pa ett helt horisontellt ralsavsnitt och samtliga fyra hjul har kontakt med respektive ral och kraften fors over symmetriskt till ralsavsnittet beroende av arbetsfordonets tyngd- punktslage. Figure 7 shows a first load case in a second embodiment of the invention with corresponding numerals indicated in figure 5. Thus, the figure shows a corresponding axial section with the wheels 12, 13 mounted mounted on their respective axle pins 24 in the spirits of the wheel axle 11 as in their turn is placed inside the support member 14. The wheel axle 11 abuts the inside of the support member 14 via the force-transmitting spacers 19 on the upper side of the wheel axle 11. If the downward force F is symmetrically placed against the support member, forces will be distributed to the wheel axle 11 by F / 2 through each spacer 19 according to the vertically directed arrows in the figure in the same manner as shown in figure 5. Furthermore, the figure shows that in each raid 23 there is a vertical clearance 51, 52 which allows the respective wheel shaft 11 and spirit to be displaced in vertical direction inside the support member 14 if there is an oblique load on the support member 14. In the figure, the base 71, which is completely flat, has been shown with a dotted dot 1 inje. The base in the figure represents a ral section in which the dada rals are completely horizontal in relation to each other, that is to say the load case is completely symmetrical. Equal force is transmitted to each wheel 12, 13 contact with the respective ground. A work vehicle is fitted with a front wheel axle 11 and a rear wheel axle which! The wheel axles in the load case shown are on a completely horizontal rail section and all four wheels have contact with each rail and the force is transferred symmetrically to the rail section depending on the work vehicle's center of gravity .

Figur 8 visar sannnna hjulaxel 11 som i figur 7 men i detta andra belastningsfall ligger ena ralen under det vanstra hjulet 12 lagre an under det hogra hjulet 13 varfOr hjulaxeln 11 vid den vanstra sidan har forskjutits inom stodorganet 14 en stracka d vilken motsvarar ralsavsnittets ogynnsamma geometri 81 med mot- svarande stracka d. Eftersom kraften F är proportionell mot massan m enligt kraftekvationen F=ma kan en massfordelning till varje ral vara enligt foljande: 10 ton central belastning fordelas till hjulaxeln 11 enbart genom det hogra distansmedlet 19. Denna overforda massa fordelas enligt momentlagen enligt m1x1=m2x2dar havarmarna x1 och x2 är respektive momentaxelavstand Than ralskontakten till den vinkelrata kraftlinjen genom distansmedlet 19, vilket f6r en viss axelkonstruktion skulle ge fordelningen av namnda 10t, m1=1,13t och m2=8,87t. Eftersom aven det vanstra hjulet 12 i figuren har kontakt med ralen kommer saledes en viss massa m1 tas upp aven av detta hjul. Resultatet blir att !Dada sidorna har kontakt med underlaget och massan kommer att fordelas till !Dada sidorna. Harvid erhalls en folj- samhet mot underlaget trots ogynnsam geometri samtidigt som krafter overfors visa samtliga hjul som har kontakt med underlaget. Figure 8 shows true wheel axle 11 as in figure 7, but in this second load case one rail under the left wheel 12 is lower than under the right wheel 13, for which the wheel axle 11 on the left side has been displaced within the support member 14 a distance corresponding to the unfavorable geometry of the rail section. 81 with the corresponding distance d. Since the force F is proportional to the mass m according to the force equation F = ma, a mass distribution to each ral can be as follows: 10 ton central load is distributed to the wheel axle 11 only by the right distance means 19. This excessive mass is distributed according to the torque law according to m1x1 = m2x2 where the sea arms x1 and x2 are respectively the torque shaft distance Than rals contact to the perpendicular force line through the spacer 19, which for a certain shaft construction would give the distribution of the said 10t, m1 = 1.13t and m2 = 8.87t. Thus, since the left wheel 12 in the figure also has contact with the rail, a certain mass m1 will also be taken up by this wheel. The result is that the! Dada pages have contact with the substrate and the mass will be distributed to the! Dada pages. This results in compliance with the ground despite unfavorable geometry, while at the same time forces are transmitted to show all wheels that are in contact with the ground.

Figur 9 visar ett tredje belastningsfall dar ett arbetsredskap, exempelvis en gravskopa, arbetar med en last langt ut fran arbetsredskapets tyngdpunktslage, det vill saga pa hoger sida i figuren med en nedatriktad kraft vilken kan motsvaras 8 av den uppatriktade kraften F2 som verkar pa stodorganets 14 vanstra sida. Fran det lage som visar i figur 7 med en symmetrisk belastning har belastningen i figur 9 saledes forts Over at hOger i figuren varvid stodorganet 14 kommer att vinklas i forhallande till hjulaxeln 11 kring st6dpunkten vi laget P1. Momentet M1 kring denna punkt blir M1=F2*Y1 kring laget P1 Dock sker ett anslag av hjulaxeln 11 mot overfallet 23 vid det vanstra hjulet 13 nar vridningen av stodorganet 14 natt sin stOrsta vridning vilket är en stark yarning till operatoren am att gransen fOr tippning narmar sig. Nar ett anslag av overfallet 23 mot hjulaxeln 11 sker kommer stodpunkten for fortsatt okad sidobelastning att flyttas fran laget P1 till laget P2 varvid M2=F2*(Y1+Y2). Detta innebar att momentarmen f6r den tippande kraften har okat strackan Y2 vilket innebar en temporar minskning av det tippande momentet. Saledes erhalls dels en tippningsvarning innan faktisk tippning sker genom ett ljudligt anslag i konstruktionen med en anordning enligt foreliggande uppfinning dels erhalls en sakerhets% genom denna forskjutning av stodpunkten. Figure 9 shows a third load case where a work tool, for example a digging bucket, works with a load far beyond the center of gravity of the work tool, i.e. on the right side in the figure with a downward force which can correspond to 8 of the upward force F2 acting on the standing member 14 left side. From the layer shown in figure 7 with a symmetrical load, the load in figure 9 has thus continued Above to the right in the figure, the support member 14 will be angled in relation to the wheel axle 11 around the fulcrum we made P1. The moment M1 around this point becomes M1 = F2 * Y1 around the team P1 However, an impact of the wheel axle 11 against the attack 23 at the left wheel 13 occurs when the rotation of the support member 14 at night is its largest rotation, which is a strong yarning to the operator. approaches. When an impact of the attack 23 against the wheel axle 11 takes place, the standpoint for continued increased side load will be moved from the layer P1 to the layer P2, whereby M2 = F2 * (Y1 + Y2). This meant that the torque arm for the tipping force has increased the distance Y2, which meant a temporary reduction of the tipping torque. Thus, a tilting warning is obtained before actual tilting takes place through an audible stop in the construction with a device according to the present invention, and a safety% is obtained through this displacement of the stand.

Aven onn bara nagra utforingsfornner inom rannen for uppfinningen beskrivits är manga andra utforingsformer tankbara inom ramen for efterfoljande patentkrav. 9 Even though only some embodiments within the scope of the invention have been described, many other embodiments are conceivable within the scope of the appended claims. 9

Claims

PATENT REQUIREMENTS

Device at a wheel axle which device comprises a rigid wheel axle (11) to which both spirits each a wheel (12, 13) is rotatably mounted which wheel axle (11) is connected to and held by a support member (14) which is fixedly connected directly or indirectly to the chassis of a work tool in such a way that the wheel axle (11) can move in vertical direction at least in one direction in relation to the support member (14), characterized in that the support member (14) is designed to allow a limited translational movement of the wheel axle (11) a certain distance in relation to the support member (14).

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the support member (14) comprises a power beam (15) provided over the wheel axle (11) at least partially enclosing with openings (16) inside which the wheel axle (11) is load-free translationally movable between two ends in vertical joint so that one and the other spirit (17, 18) of the wheel axle (11) can move a certain distance under load.

Device according to any one of claims 1-2, characterized in that said stretch is delimited partly by the support member (14) and partly by the attachment (23) connected to the support member (14).

Device according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that force-transmitting spacers (19, 221, 222) are located between the wheel axle (11) and the support member (14).

Device according to claim 4, characterized in that force-transmitting spacers (19) are located on the upper side of the wheel axle (11) inside the force beam (15) in connection with its dead ends.

Device according to any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that the force-transmitting spacers (19, 221, 222) are mounted on and around at least a part of the wheel axle (11) mounted guide means (21) which for mounting the spacers ( 19, 221, 222) are provided with mounting surfaces (20).

Device according to claim 6, characterized in that said guide means (21) are provided with a front long distance (221) and a rear long distance (222).

Device according to claim 7, characterized in that at least one of the longitudinal distances (221, 222) is provided with one or more shims (223) for adapting the bearing of the wheel axle (11).

Device according to one of Claims 6 to 8, characterized in that all mounting surfaces (20) are flat.

Rail-bound vehicle, characterized in that the vehicle is provided with at least one device according to any one of claims 1-9.