SE1350459A1 - Clamping tool, method of dismounting a clamping jaw and / or support supporting such clamping jaw on a clamping tool and method of mounting a clamping jaw and / or support supporting such clamping jaw on a clamping tool - Google Patents

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present invention relates to a clamping tool, comprising at least onesubstantially stationary jaw (1), at least one movable jaw (3), at least one slidingrod (5), at least one actuating shank (6) and at least one substantially stationaryshank (9). Said at least one movable jaw (3) is movable in relation to said at leastone stationary jaw (1) substantially opposite to said at least one stationary jaw (1 ),said at least one movable jaw (3) being connected to said at least one sliding rod(5), said at least one sliding rod (5) being connected to at least one mechanism (7,8, 14, 19, 20) for pushing and/or pulling. The present invention also relates to a method of dismounting a jawand/or a support supporting such a jaw on a clamping tool as well as a method of mounting a jaw and/or a support supporting such a jaw on a clamping tool. (Pig. 7)

Description

CLAMPING TOOL, METHOD OF DISMOUNTING A JAW AND/OR A SUPPORTSUPPORTING SUCH A JAW ON A CLAMPING TOOL AND METHOD OFMOUNTING A JAW AND/OR A SUPPORT SUPPORTING SUCH A JAW ON ACLAMPING TOOL The present invention relates to a clamping tool, comprising at least onesubstantially stationary jaw, at least one movable jaw, at least one sliding rod, atleast one actuating shank and at least one substantially stationary shank. Thepresent invention also relates toa method of dismounting a jaw and/or a supportsupporting such a jaw on a clamping tool as well as a method of mounting a jaw and/or a support supporting such a jaw on a clamping tool.

Prior artAn existing clamping tool comprises stationary support, movable support,sliding rod and actuating shank, is equipped with entrainment plates and actuatingplates for regulating the sliding rod, the actuating shank acting on the actuatingplates to displace the sliding rod penetrating and attached to the stationarysupport, which shifts the distance between the stationary support and the movablesupport leading to a clamping effect. However, it is hard to meet the requirementsthat the sliding rod needs to be displaced over a larger distance in the unloadedmode, while a stronger clamping force needs to be acquired in the pressure mode,since the actuating shank of the existing clamping tool is often connected to thestationary support by means of a swivel pin, which leads to similar strengths offeed pressure and clamping force generated by the sliding rod each time theactuating shank is clasped.ln addition, the movable support of the existing clamping tool is often immobilized on the sliding rod, the positional relationship between the movablesupport and the stationary support is invariable, whereby the clamping tool hasonly the function of either clamping or supporting. Although the movable supportcan be flexibly connected to the sliding in order to render the clamping tool bothfunctions of clamping and supporting, the existing connection means can hardlyassure enough connecting strength between the movable support and the slidingrod, or enough clamping force, or convenient disassembly and assembly. 2 l\/loreover, the sliding rod is locked by the entrainment plates when theclamping tool clamps a work-piece by means of the stationary support and themovable support. The locking of the sliding rod by the entrainment plates needs tobe lifted when unloading the work-piece. The prior art often utilizes accessory toolsother than the clamping tool for prying up the entrainment plates, which is inconvenient and laborious.

Summary of the in vention A first object of the invention is to provide a clamping tool wherein a slidingrod can be displaced over a larger distance per stroke in the unloaded mode thanin the loaded/pressure mode. A second object of the invention is to provide aclamping tool wherein a stronger clamping force can be acquired in theloaded/pressure mode than in the unloaded mode. A third object of the invention isto render a clamping tool the function of convenient disassembly and assembly inorder to enable rapid positional shifts of a movable support in the two end portionsof a sliding rod, whereby the clamping tool can have both functions of clampingand supporting. A forth object of the invention is to render the clamping tool thefunction of convenient unloading and effort-saving in the pressure mode. A fifthobject of the invention is to provide a clamping tool comprising at least one furtherdevice for increasing a clamping force. A sixth object of the invention is to providea method of dismounting a jaw and/or a support supporting such a jaw on aclamping tool. A seventh object of the invention is to provide a method of mountinga jaw and/or a support supporting such a jaw on a clamping tool.

Thus the invention comprises a clamping tool, comprising at least onesubstantially stationary jaw, at least one movable jaw, at least one sliding rod, atleast one actuating shank and at least one substantially stationary shank. Said atleast one movable jaw is movable in relation to said at least one stationary jawsubstantially opposite to said at least one stationary jaw, said at least one movablejaw being connected to said at least one sliding rod, said at least one sliding rodbeing connected to at least one mechanism for pushing and/or pulling.

Said mechanism may comprise actuating plates for regulating said sliding rod,said actuating shank comprising an actuating point for pushing said actuatingplates, a first support point distal to said actuating point and a second support point proximal to said actuating point. Said first support point may have a first axis 3 of rotation and said second support point may have a second axis of rotation, saidaxes of rotation being substantially at right angles with a main extension of saidactuating shank as well as a main extension of said s|iding rod. Said substantiallystationary jaw may have a substantially stationary support and said movable jawmay have a movable support, said s|iding rod penetrating and being attached tosaid stationary support, said mechanism comprising entrainment p|ates forregu|ating said s|iding rod, said movable support being mounted in one end portionof said s|iding rod. Said stationary support may comprise said stationary shankextending towards an end contrary to said stationary jaw, said stationary supportcomprising a pivot point for engagement, said actuating shank and said stationaryshank being oriented opposite to each other.

Said first support point may be connected to said stationary support and/or to saidstationary jaw and by means of a spring element, said second support point andsaid pivot point for engagement being oriented substantially opposite to each otherfor |etting the actuating shank turn around said first axis of rotation of the firstsupport point while the second support point detaches from the pivot point forengagement under the effect of the spring element when a c|asping force isexecuted upon said actuating shank and said stationary shank and when there isno workpiece to c|amp by said stationary jaw and said movable jaw and the jawsare not clamping each other, whereas the pivot point for engagement is engagedby the second support point, and the actuating shank turnes around said secondaxis of rotation of the second support point when a c|asping force is executedupon said actuating shank and said stationary shank and when a workpiece isheld and/or clamped by said stationary jaw and said movable jaw or the jaws areclamping each other, leading to a longer moving distance for the actuating p|atesand the s|iding rod in the unloaded mode each time the shanks are being claspedthan in the pressure mode. Said spring element connecting said first support pointwith said stationary support may be a torsion spring, the torsion spring beinginstalled in said stationary support by means of a swivel point, the two ends of thetorsion spring being respectively attached to said first support point and saidstationary support.

Said pivot point for engagement may be arc-shaped. Said second support pointmay be arc-shaped. Said actuating shank may comprise a bore, said s|iding rod penetrating said bore. There may be at least one locking spring element acting on 4 said entrainment plates. There may be at least one return spring element acting onsaid actuating plates. Said entrainment plates and said actuating plates mayenwrap said sliding rod. Said at least one locking spring element may be at leastone helical spring enwrapping said sliding rod. Said at least one return springelement may be at least one helical spring enwrapping said sliding rod.

There may be at least one positioning groove installed in at least one of the twoend portions of said sliding rod, said movable support and/or said movable jawcomprising a movable block body enwrapping said sliding rod, said movablesupport and/or said movable jaw being connected to said movable block body bymeans of a swivel pin, there being a locking pin installed on said movable supportand/or said movable jaw, a spring element connecting said movable supportand/or said movable jaw with said movable block body inserting said locking pininto a corresponding positioning groove, the elasticity of said spring elementapplied on said movable support and/or said movable jaw having the samedirection as the force applied on the movable support and/or the movable jaw inthe pressure mode. Said movable block body may comprise a bore point, saidmovable support comprising a compression point extending to said bore point. Theclamping tool may comprise at least one release shank for at least partly releasingsaid sliding rod from said mechanism. Said stationary support may be connectedto a release shank opposite to said stationary shank, said release shankcomprising a release point for pushing said entrainment plates. Said release shankmay be installed between said stationary shank and said actuating shank, andmay be connected to said stationary support by means of a swivel pin.

The clamping tool may comprise at least one further device for increasinga clamping force. Said at least one further device may be at least one lever. Saidat least one lever may be turnable around at least one third axis of rotation whichis substantially at right angles with a main extension of said actuating shank aswell as a main extension of said sliding rod, said lever being eccentrically formedin relation to said axis. Said at least one further device may be mounted on at leastone of said at least one stationary jaw and/or said at least one stationary supportand/or said at least one movable jaw and/or said at least one movable support forpressing two parts of the tool apart leading to said increasing of said clamping force in the pressure mode. 5 Thus the invention also comprises a method of dismounting a jaw and/or asupport supporting such a jaw on a clamping tool according to the above, themethod comprising the steps of- pressing a compression point on said support or jaw to overcome the elasticity ofa spring element which connects said support or jaw with a block body whichenwrapps a sliding rod, -turning the support or jaw around an axis of rotation such that a locking elementwhich is installed on the support or jaw falls out of a positioning element of saidsliding rod and - removing the support orjaw from said sliding rod.

Thus the invention also comprises a method of mounting a jaw and/or a supportsupporting such a jaw on a clamping tool according to the above, the methodcomprising the steps of - putting the support or jaw on an end of a sliding rod letting said sliding rodpenetrate the support or jaw as much as possible, - pressing a compression point on said support or jaw to overcome the elasticity ofa spring element which connects said support or jaw with a block body whichenwrapps said sliding rod, -turning the support or jaw around an axis of rotation such that a locking elementwhich is installed on the support or jaw opens up for said sliding rod to furtherpenetrate the support or jaw and - letting said sliding rod penetrate the support or jaw until said locking element fallsinto a positioning element of said sliding rod.

Said locking element may be a locking pin (26). Said positioning element may be a positioning groove.

List of drawings Figure 1 shows, in a side view and partly cut, a first embodiment of aclamping tool according to the invention.

Figure 2 shows, in a side view and partly cut, the clamping tool accordingto figure 1 when an actuating shank is clasped in an unloaded mode.

Figure 3 shows, in a side view and partly cut, the clamping tool accordingto figure 1 when the actuating shank is clasped in a loaded/pressure mode. 6 Figure 4 shows, in a side view and partly cut, the clamping tool accordingto figure 1 when a movable support is mounted in the other end portion of a slidingrod.

Figure 5 shows, in a side view, a second embodiment of a clamping toolaccording to the invention when a lever is not turned at all.

Figure 6 shows, in a side view, the clamping tool according to figure 5when the lever is turned substantially half way.

Figure 7 shows, in a side view, the clamping tool according to figure 5 when the lever is turned substantially all the way.

Description of embodiments As shown in figure 1, the clamping tool of the invention comprises astationary support 2 with a stationary jaw 1, a movable support 4 with a movablejaw 3, a sliding rod 5, an actuating shank 6, wherein said sliding rod 5 penetratesand is attached to said stationary support 2 equipped with entrainment plates 7and actuating plates 8 for regulating the sliding rod 5, said movable support 4being mounted in one end portion of said sliding rod 5, and said stationary jaw 1and said movable jaw 3 being oriented opposite to each other. Said stationarysupport 2 comprises a stationary shank 9 extending towards the end contrary tosaid stationary jaw 1, a pivot point for engagement 10, said actuating shank 6 andsaid stationary shank 9 being oriented opposite to each other, said actuatingshank 6 comprising an actuating point 11 for pushing said actuating plates 8, afirst support point 12 distal to said actuating point 11 and a second support point13 proximal to said actuating point 11, said first support point 12 being connectedto said stationary support 2 by means of a spring element 14, said second supportpoint 13 and said pivot point for engagement 10 being oriented opposite to eachother. ln order to minimize damage to the surface of a workpiece, the touchingpoints of the stationary jaw 1 and the movable jaw 3 with the clasped workpiececan be made of elastic material (e.g. rubber). ln order to assure strength andstiffness, the sliding rod can be sustained by metallic material, while the stationarysupport 2, the movable support 4 and the actuating shank 6 can be made ofplastics. 7 The clamping tool can have different functions depending on the differentdistances from the first support point 12 or the second support point 13 to theactuating point 11: As shown in figure 2, there is no workpiece to clamp by the stationarysupport 2 and the movable support 4 in the unloaded mode. When the stationaryshank 9 and the actuating shank 6 are c|asped, the actuating shank 6 movesaround the axis of the first support point 12 while the second support point 13detaches from the pivot point for engagement 10 under the effect of the springelement 14. Fïegarding the actuating shank 6 as a lever, the ratio between theeffort arm L1 when the actuating shank is c|asped (i.e. the distance between theclasping point and the first support point 12) and the resistance arm L2 (i.e. thedistance between the actuating point 11 and the first support point 12) is relativelysmall, since the first support point 12 is relatively distant from the actuating point11. The actuating plates 8 displaces the sliding rod 5 over a relatively largedistance D1 rightwards each time the actuating shank 6 is c|asped. The actuatingpoint 11 acquires a relatively weak pushing force leading to rapid advancing of thesliding rod rightwards which is actuated by the actuating plates. Clasping is moreeffort-saving in the unloaded mode, which is particularly suitable for the operatorwith the other hand unable to assist.

As shown in figure 3, the stationary support 2 and the movable support 4hold and intend to further clamp the workpiece 35. When the stationary shank 9and the actuating shank 6 are c|asped, the spring element 14 is deformed underthe pressure of the clasping force. The pivot point for engagement is engaged bythe second support point 13, and the actuating shank 6 moves around the axis ofthe second support point 13. Similarly, regarding the actuating shank 6 as a lever,the ratio between the effort arm L3 when the actuating shank 6 is c|asped (i.e. thedistance between the clasping point and the second support point 13) and theresistance arm L4 (i.e. the distance between the actuating point 11 and the secondsupport point 13) is relatively large, since the second support point 13 is relativelyclose to the actuating point 11. The actuating plates 8 displaces the sliding rod 5over a relatively small distance D2 (D2 the actuating plates 8. 8 ln practice, the work status of the first support point 12 and that of thesecond support point 13 are automatically shifted during the process when thestationary support 2 and the movable support 4 hold and intend to further clampthe workpiece 35. ln order to further improve and supplement the technical embodimentsdescribed above, the invention also includes the following additional technicalfeatures that can be selectively applied depending on the required functions: The spring element 14 connecting the first support point 12 to thestationary support 2 is a torsion spring, the torsion spring is installed in thestationary support 2 by means of a swivel point 15, and the two ends of the torsionspring are respectively attached to the first support point 12 and the stationarysupport 2. ln this construction the torsion spring is installed in the stationary jaw 1making the construction compact and easy to assemble. ln order to install thetorsion spring a first cavity 16 is introduced in the stationary jaw 1. The firstsupport point 12 and the torsion spring are installed in the first cavity 16 which iscovered by a first cover plate 17 connected to the stationary jaw 1 by means ofscrews.

The pivot point for engagement 10 and the second support point 13 arearc-shaped. This feature restricts the movement around the axis of the secondsupport point 13 within the pivot point for engagement 10. This feature alsorestores the second support point 13 to the default position after its detachmentfrom the pivot point for engagement 10.

The actuating shank 6 comprises a bore 18, the sliding rod 5 penetratingand being attached to the bore 18; there being a locking spring element 19 actingon the entrainment plates 7, a return spring element 20 acting on the actuatingplates 8; the entrainment plates 7 and the actuating plates 8 enwrapping thesliding rod 5, the locking spring element 19 and the return spring element 20 beinghelical springs enwrapping the sliding rod 5. ln this construction the entrainmentplates 7, the actuating plates 8, the locking spring element 19 and the returnspring element 20 are retrained to the work status by the sliding rod 5. A secondcavity 21 is introduced in the stationary support 2. The entrainment plates 7, theactuating plates 8, the locking spring element 19 and the return spring element 20are installed in the second cavity 21 which is covered by a second cover plate 22 connected to the stationary support 2 by means of screws. The second cavity and 9 the first cavity are connected such that the first support point of the actuatingshank extends to the stationary jaw.There are positioning grooves 23A, 23B installed in the two end portions of the sliding rod 5, the movable support 4 comprises a movable block body 24enwrapping the sliding rod 5, the movable jaw 3 being connected to the movableblock body 24 by means of a swivel pin 25 such that the movable jaw 3 is able tomove around the axis of the swivel pin 25 on the movable block body 24 within acertain range of angles, there being a locking pin 26 installed on the movable jaw3, a spring element 27 (more specifically tension spring) connecting the movablejaw 3 with the movable block body 24 inserting the locking pin 26 into acorresponding positioning groove such that the entire movable support 4 is lockedon the sliding rod, the elasticity of the spring element 27 applied on the movablejaw 3 having the same direction as the force applied on the movable jaw in thepressure mode. A small cover plate 34 is installed on the movable block body 24such that the spring element 27 can be installed by simply opening the small coverplate 34. Therefore, the entire movable support can be dismounted from one endportion of the sliding rod and mounted in the other end portion of the sliding rod byturning the movable jaw 3 to overcome the elasticity of the spring element 27 suchthat the locking pin 26 falls out of the positioning groove of the sliding rod. ln theconstruction as shown in figures 1-3, the movable support 4 is mounted in the leftend portion of the sliding rod 5, which is suitable for clamping a workpiece by thestationary support 2 and the movable support 4. ln the construction as shown infigure 4, the movable support 4 is mounted in the right end portion of the slidingrod 5, which is suitable for supporting a workpiece by the stationary support 2 andthe movable support 4. ln particular, since the elasticity of the spring element 27applied on the movable jaw 3 has the same direction as the force applied on themovable jaw in the pressure mode, the stronger the clamping force the morepreferably the locking pin 26 stays within the positioning groove of the sliding rod,which assures a solid connection between the movable support 4 and the slidingrod 5. For convenient dismounting and mounting, the movable block body 24comprises a bore point 28, and the movable support 4 comprises a compressionpoint 29 extending to the bore point 28. The movable support 4 can be dismountedby pressing the compression point 29 to turn the movable jaw 3 to overcome the elasticity of the spring element 27 such that the locking pin 26 falls out of the positioning groove of the push or pull rod. Similar operation is applied for mountingthe movable support whereby the locking pin 26 is turned a certain angle such thatthe movable block body enwraps the sliding rod and the locking pin is inserted intothe positioning groove of the sliding rod.

There are positioning pins 30A, 3OB installed in the two end portions of thesliding rod 5 corresponding to the positioning grooves, which direct the movablesupport 4 such that the locking pin is perfectly oriented opposite to the positioninggroove when the movable support 4 is mounted on the sliding rod.

The stationary support 2 is connected to a release shank 31 opposite tothe stationary shank 9, and the release shank 31 comprises a release point 32 forpushing the entrainment plates 7. Unloading can be brought about by simplyclasping the stationary shank 9 and the release shank 31 such that the releasepoint 32 pushes the entrainment plates 7 to detach from the sliding rod 5.Furthermore, the release shank 31 is installed between the stationary shank 9 andthe actuating shank 6, and is connected to the stationary support 2 by means of aswivel pin 33, which forms a compact construction and makes it easy to operate.l\/loreover, the effort-saving effect can be achieved due to the full use of theleverage.

The construction as shown in figures 1-4 is a first embodiment of aclamping tool according to the invention. The stationary shank 9 and the actuatingshank 6 are clasped for clamping a workpiece. Before the workpiece is clampedby the stationary support 2 and the movable support 4 and as shown in figure 2,the actuating shank 6 moves around the axis of the first support point 12, theactuating plates 8 displaces the sliding rod 5 over a larger distance D1 rightwardseach time the stationary shank and the actuating shank are clasped. When theactuating shank 6 is released, the actuating plates 8 are restored to the defaultposition by the return spring element 20. The clasping of the stationary shank andthe actuating shank is repeated until the workpiece 35 is clamped by the stationarysupport 2 and the movable support 4 as shown in figure 3. The actuating shank 6moves around the axis of the second support point 13 each time the stationaryshank and the actuating shank are clasped. The sliding rod 5 is displaced by theactuating plates 8 over a smaller distance D2 rightwards while a larger clampingforce is acquired each time the stationary shank and the actuating shank are clasped. When the workpiece needs to be unloaded from the clamping, the 11 release can be brought about by simply clasping the stationary shank 9 and therelease shank 31 such that the release point 32 pushes the entrainment plates 7to detach from the sliding rod 5 and thereby the locking of the sliding rod is lifted.The sliding rod can be moved leftwards or rightwards such that the movablesupport 4 can be adjusted to a proper position. For the workpiece to be supportedby the stationary support 2 and the movable support 4 as shown in figure 4, theoperation is similar to that shown in figures 2 and 3 and thus not repeated here.According to figures 5-7 a second embodiment of a clamping tool according to the invention comprises a further device 40 in the form of a lever 40for increasing a clamping force. The lever is of metal but other materials are alsopossible. When using this second embodiment of the tool an object is first clampedfirmly with a persons effort strength with the lever in the open position, see figure5, whereafter the lever is pressed as far as the person wants, for instance half theway, see figure 6, or all the way, see figure 7, intermediate positions also beingpossible, in order to increase the clamping force as much as desired. When thelever 40 is pressed towards the rest of the clamping tool and the lever rotatesaround an axis of rotation 41, a fork-shaped part (not shown) of the level situatedbetween two other parts of the tool that are somewhat flexible in relation to eachother, for instance between a jaw and a support supporting such a jaw, pressesthese other parts apart leading to said increasing of said clamping force in thepressure mode.

The second embodiment of a clamping tool normally comprises at least onerelease shank 31 for at least partly releasing a sliding rod 5 from a mechanism.However, no special features according to this application, i.e. features beside andabove at least one substantially stationary jaw 1, at least one movable jaw 3, atleast one sliding rod 5, at least one actuating shank 6 and at least onesubstantially stationary shank 9, need to be present on the second embodiment ofa clamping tool. ln other words, the lever 40 for increasing a clamping force maybe present on the most basic clamping tool according to the invention and themost sofisticated clamping tool according to the invention as well as all variants inbetween.

According to the invention, the position in relation to a supporting object ofthe so-called stationary support 2 and the so-called stationary jaw 1 respectively is essentially constant when the tool is used and thus the terminology “stationary 12 support 2” and "stationary jaw 1" respectively was adopted. The position of the so-called movable support 4 relative to that of the stationary support 2 and of the so-called movable jaw 3 relative to that of the stationary jaw 1 respectively shifts withthe movement of the sliding rod 5 and thus the terminology “movable support 4”and "movable jaw 3" respectively was adopted.

The invention has the following advantages: One advantage is achieved by the two support points installed in theactuating shank. ln the unloaded mode, the movement of the actuating shank isenabled around the axis of the first support point, whereby the actuating point ofthe actuating shank acquires a larger feed pressure leading to rapid displacementdue to appropriate lever arm relationship each time the actuating shank is clasped.ln the pressure mode, the movement of the actuating shank is enabled around theaxis of the second support point, whereby the actuating point of the actuatingshank acquires a stronger clamping force due to appropriate lever arm relationshipeach time the actuating shank is clasped.

Another advantage is achieved by the positioning grooves installed in thetwo end portions of the push or pull rod. The movable jaw is connected to themovable block body by means of a swivel pin, and there is a locking pin insertedinto the positioning groove by means of a spring element, which enablesconvenient dismounting and mounting of the movable support from/onto the pushor pull rod. The clamping tool can be rendered both functions of clamping andsupporting by mounting the movable support in either one of the two end portionsof the sliding rod. l\/loreover, in the pressure mode the locking pin is coercivelyinserted into the positioning groove by the clamping force, which promotes a solidconnection between the movable support and the sliding rod and thereby strongenough clamping force.

Yet another advantage is achieved by adding a release shank. Unloadingcan be brought about by simply clasping the stationary shank and the releaseshank. Particularly, the release shank is installed between the stationary shankand the actuating shank, which forms a compact construction and makes it easy tooperate. l\/loreover, the effort-saving effect can be achieved due to the full use ofthe leverage.

Yet another advantage is achieved by adding a further device in the form of a lever for increasing a clamping force. 13 The invention is not limited to the embodiments shown here but may bevaried within the scope of the appended claims.

List of reference signs 1. stationary jaw,stationary support,movable jaw,movable support,sliding rod,actuating shank,entrainment plates, 9°N9°91¥F^>N actuating plates, 9. stationary shank, 10. pivot point for engagement,11.actuating point, 12.first support point, 13. second support point,14.spring element, 15. swivel joint, 16. first cavity, 17.first cover plate, 18. bore, 19.|ooking spring element,20. return spring element,21 .second cavity, 22. second cover plate,23A, 23B. positioning groove,24. movable block body,25. swivel pin, 26. locking pin, 27. spring element, 28. bore point, 29. compression point, 30A, 3OB. positioning pin, 31.32.33.34.35.40.41.L1.L2.L3.L4.

D1 14 release shank, release point, swivel pin, small cover plate, workpiece, further device for increasing a clamping force, axis of rotation, effort arm in the unloaded mode when the actuating shank is clasped,resistance arm in the unloaded mode when the actuating shank is clasped,effort arm in the pressure mode when the actuating shank is clasped,resistance arm in the pressure mode when the actuating shank is clasped, _ moving distance of the actuating plates in the unloaded mode each time the actuating shank is clasped, D2. moving distance of the actuating plates in the pressure mode each time the actuating shank is clasped.

Claims (27)

1. 'i5 Cisàiiifiâ i, Cientning teei, eernerising st ieest ene siiiistentieiiy stetienery iew (i i, st ieestene rrieveeie iew (3), et ieest ene siieing red (å), st ieest ene eetiieting siienit (n)sne st iesst ene siiiesteniieiiy stetienery siisnit (Q), eeici et Eesst ene mevsbie isw(3) being inevenie in reietien te sein st ieest ene stetienery isw (i) seestsntisiiyeppesite te sein si ieest ene stetiensryiew (i i, seid et ieest ene nfievseie iew tå)being eenneetee te sein st iesst ene siieäng red (å), sein st ieest ene siieing red (Eibeing eenneetee te st iesst ens nieeiisnisni (i, 8, 14, iQ, âü) ter putsning sndiereiiiiing, eitereeterieee in inet sein meetienisni (ï, S, in, iQ, 23; eenipriseseeteeting eietes (å) ier reguieting sein siieing red (ä), sein eetiieting stienii (e)eernerising en eetesting eeint (i i; ter nuet-ting sein setiieting eistes (å). e iirstsnnpeit eeint (tå) eietei te sein setueiing eeint (i i) anei a seeenti siineert neini(tå) erexirnsi ie said eetiieting eeint ii i fi.

2. Cismeing teei eeeereing te eieirri i. wiierein said first supeert point (iQ) nevinge first sxis ei reietien and sein seeend supenrt eeint (iii) having e second exis et*retetieii, said axes et' retetien being siiestsntieiiy et right engies witii s mainextensien ei seid eetueting sneni; (S) ss weii as a rnein extensien ei said siiešngres (5).

3. Cisrnning teei eeeerriing te eieirn 2, wiierein sein siiizistsntisiiy stetiensryjew (i)nes e siieetentieiiy stetienery support (2) end sein nievsnie isw (3) nes e nievetiiesiinpert (å), sein siiding ree (å) eenetrsting sne being etteenen te said stetienerysupeert (EL ssie rneensnisrn (i, å, ie, is, 2G) eernprieing enirsšnmeiit eietes Ü)ter reguisting ssiei siiding reci (å), sein nfieifseie siiennrt (e) being rnniinteci ene ene pertien ei snitt siiding reri (å). ri. Cierneing ieei aeeerding te eisirn 3, wiierein sein ststienery seeeert (2)eemprises seie stetienery snsnii (ä) extending teweres en ene eenirery ie seinstetienery iew (i i* seie ststienery seeeert (2) eeniprising s eivet eeint terengsgernent (iii), sein eetiieting siisnk (e) anti seici etetiensry snsnii (å) being erientee epnesite te seen einer. th 5. Ctenining test aeeerding te eiaini fi, wherein said tirst sunneri saint (12) iseenrieeied te said etatiehary siieeert (2) andfer te said staiienaryiew (i) end hynfieens et s spring eiernent (iii), said seeend sunnert eeint (ti-it and seid eiiretpaint ter engagenient (tät) being eriented siihstantieiiy epriesite te each ethar tartetting the estuatirig shantt (å) turn ereiirid said first artis ei ratatien ei the firstsiiphert saint (tå) white the seeend suphert paint (tå) dstsahes treni the håretpaint ter erigageiiient (iQ) under the eiteat et the spring eteriient (ts) when aetashing terse is exeeuted Liner: said aetiieting shent: (di and said steiienery shenk(ä) end when there is ha werkeieee te sientp hy said statieneryjew (t) and saidrnevahte jaw (S) and the iaws (t, Bi are net siernning eeeh etiier, wheraes theeivet paint ter engagarnent (td) is engaged hy the second support paint (13), endthe estiiating shanii (d) ternas around said second axis ei retetien et the seeandsiipeert saint (13) when s etaspirig terce is executed seen said eetiietihg siianii (hiand said statienary shentr (å) and when e weriteieee is hetd endiar eiarnhed hysaid ststieneryiew (t) end seid nievehie iew (3) er tiie jsws (t , 3) ere etempingeaeh rather, ieeding te e Hanger moving distance ter the eetiieiing states (ä) and thesiidirtg red (åt in the iininaded rnede each tinie the shanhs (e, s) ere being etesrsed than in the pressure made. d. Ctarrinihg test sseerding te etairn 5, wherein said spring etenient (14) eerinestingsaid tirst sueeert saint (12) with said statienaiy sueeert (2) is e tersien snring, thetersien spring heing instatied in said stetiehary suppert (E) hy means ei s swiveipaint (tå), the hire ende et the tersien spring heing reshesiiirety attached te saidfirst support heint (tå) and ssid statienery siieeert (2). 7. Ctenining test eeserding te etairn rt, wherein said sivet heintier ehgageniani (t Û) is are-shaped. S. Ctemping tant aeeerding te eiairn t, wherein said seeend siinperi saint (tå) is are-shaped. s, Ctentping taei aeeerding te sisirri t, wherein said aetuating sheet: (d) eemerisese here (tå), said sttding red (ät penetrating said here (td). 1G i? iii, Cinrnning ioni nnnnrning in ciaini 3, wiinrein iiinre is ni innsi nnn innking spring ninrneni (iåi nciing nn said enirninninni ninins (fi). ii. Cinniping inni nncnrning in ninini i, wiinrnin 'åiinrn in ai Hansi nrin rniiirn spring einrnnni (Zíii nniing nn said nninaiing piaies ië). 12. Ciarnping inni according in ciaini 3, whernin snici nnirninrneni pinins (F) and said ncriiaiing pinies (8) nnwrnn nnin siiciing rnrzi íš), 13. Ciarnning inni nnnnrciinn in ninini iii, wnnrnin sain ni innsi nne inciring spring ninrnnni H9; in ni iæast niin iieiicni spring nnwrnpning said siiciing rnri (En. iii-_ Cinmning 'inni ascending in cinim ii, whernin said ai iensi nnn rniurn nnringninmnni (23) is at innsi nnn nniinni spring nnwrnpning nniri niiriing rad (ä). 15. Ciarnning inni nccnrning in ninirn 3, wiinrnin there is ni ienni niin nnsiiioninggrnnvn (QSA, 233) inniniinn in ni Beast niin ni inn iwn and pnriinns of said niiriiriginn (å), nnici rnnvabie nupnnri (iii nndfnr snici rnnvnbieinw (Si nnninrising arnnvnbin nioni: body (24) nnwrnnping said siiciing rnd (ä), said mnvniciin snpnnri (4)anciínr sain ninvninie inw (3) being nnnnncind in said ninvnbin nincir body (24) nyrnnnnn ni n nwivni pin (25), iiinrn nning n inrsiring pin (âíii insiniinri nn nnin rnnvnnienunnan (4) nririinr sniri ninvniïiin inn: (3), n spring einninni (ZF) nnnnnniing saidninvnnin nuppnri (4) nnnínr said ninvnbin jnw (S) wiin said mnirnnin ninnk nndy(243 insnriing snin inciring pin (En) inin n cnrrnnnnnriirig nnniiinning grnnvn, innninsiiniiy ni said snring einninni (âïi nnniinci nn nain mnvnnie snnpnn (4) nnnfnrnnin rnnvnnin inw iïfi) having inn namn ciireniinn nn inn inrcn appiinn nn ine rnnvabin supnnri nnrifor ine rnnvabin inn: in inn prnsnnrn nindn. in. Qinnining inni anser-ning in ninirn 15, wnnrnin said ninvnbin binni: bnciy (24)cnrnprises n nnrn nnini (283, sain rnnvnnin nnnnnri (iii nnrnnrining a compression nnini (29) nxinnning in said bnrn nnini (28), 1G vw*LI: 18 ii”. Cisnining inni snnnifiiing in nisini *ii cnninrising si isssi nns isissss siisni: (iii)inr si isssi nsiiiy rsisssing said siining ins (å) iinni ssifi inscnsnisni (ï, å, is, 19,QS). 18. Cisnining insi ssnnrning in sisiin 3, wiiinrsin ssin siniisnsiy snnnoii (2) isnnnnsnisii in s rsissss snsnk (Si) nnnnsiis in ssini sisiinnsry siisnii (sip ssicirsissss shsnk (âii nnmnrising a isissss nsini (32) inr nnsning said snirsinnisni nisiss (ï). is. Cisnining inni snnnrcziing in nisini iâ, wiisrsin snin rsissss siinni: (iii) isinsisiisn nsiisssn ssiii siniinnsry snsnii (Q) nns said aninniing snsnk (n), and isnnnnsnisd in snin siaiinnsry sunnsri (2) ny nissns ni' s swivsi sin (33). 2G. Cisnining ins! sscnrsing in nisiin i, cnrnnrising at least nns iuiiiisi device ísiš) fni innisssing s niainning inrns. 21. Cisnfining inni ssnniiiing in nisim 2%, whsrsin sain si isssi nns iuiiiisr nsvics (453) is si isnsi nns Esvsr (49). 22. Cismning inni ssnnising in nisiin 21, wiisrsin ssiii si isssi nns isvsr (sin isisinsnis srnuns si isssi nns iiiiiii sxis ni rnisiinn (si) wiiisii is snnsisniisiiy at rightsngiss wiiii s insin sxisnsisn ni said sninsiing siinni: (å) ss wsii ss s nisinsxisnsinn ni said siiding iniïi (S), ssiii isvsr (40) nsing snnsnirinsiiy isrmsci rsiaiinn in ssin sxis (si i. 23. Cismning insi snnnriïiing in nisiin 2%, whsisin ssici si isssi nns iniiiisr nsviss(di-iii is innunisizi nn si isssi nns si ssici si: isssi nns sisiisnsry isw (i) snníni ssinisi isssi nns sisiinnsry snnnnn (2) snnísr said si isssi nns ninvsbis isw (3) snsínrssici si isssi nns insvsnis snnnnn (s) in: nisssing nns paris ni ins inni snart issning in said innisssing ni said nisinning inrss in ins nrsssiirs inncis. 24. ivisiiinci ni nisinnuniing a jsw snníni a siinnsii sunnnriing such s isw nn s sisinping isni according in sny ni ins nisnsding nisinis, niisisnisiissn in 1G ES iQ -,~ nraasing a caninraaaicin acsini (ââ) an said auppan: (2, 4) nriaw (i, 3) inavarcania iiia aiasiiaiiy ai a snring aiarnani (W) wniaii sonnacia saiti aapaari (2, i)m” iaw (i, 3) iifiiii a biøcii baay (21%) wiiisn anwraaas a sišaing roa (å), - iarning ina sappaii (2, 4) ar jaw (i, 3) araund an axia ei rniaiian such iiiai ainaiaing aiainani (âš) wnicii is inaiaiiaci an ina support (2, fi) nriaw (i, 3) iaiia an) sia pasiiianing aianiani of saici aišaing rim* (5) and - rarnaving ina suppfiii (2, 4) argaw (i, 3) fram said aiiiiing rad (5). 25. iifiaiiiafi af niaiiniiiig a jaw ancïiar a sappaii sagspariing aaah a iaw nn aaianipiiig iaai acsaniing ia any ai ina araaading aiaiina, aiiaiaciafiaaa in - puiiing ina aanpari (E, Ii) ai jaw (i, 3) an an ana ai a aiiding ma (å) iaiiing saidaiiding rad (5) panairaia ina aapaan (2, å) orjïaw (i, 3) as much aa paaaibia, - praaaing a caniprassinn paint (EQ) sin said support (2, 4) arjaw (i, 3) inavarsønia ina aiaaiiciiy ai a spring aiamaiii (Ü) wnicii cannacia said suppafi (2, fi)arjaw (i, 3) with a hiack bang; (24) which anwrappa aaia siiaing rad (5), ~ turning ina suçipari (2, fi) arjaw (i, 3) araiinfii an axia iii rfiiatian auch iiiai aiacking aianiani (23) wnicn is inaiaiiad nn ina aapnan (2, 4) arjaw (i, 3) spana apiaf said aiiding rad (5) in further nanaiiaia ina sappari (2, di) arjaw (i, 3) and - iaiiing; aaifi aiiciing rad (5) panairaia ina auppari (2, ii) Qrjaw (i, 3) uniii saiiiiaaking aiamani (Eíi) iaiia inta a pasiiianing aiainani ni said aiiáing md (ä), 26. iiiaiiiaii aacnrding ia any ana ai ina ciaims 24- øi' 25, wiiarain said ianiiing aieniani (26) is a iaßiiing nin (26). Eï. Maiiiafi accarding in: any ana ai ina siainis 24-26, iifnafain saici aaaiiioning aiafnani is a naaiiinning gnsnva.