SE129285C1

SE129285C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE129285C1
Application number: SE1124647A
Authority: SE
Priority date: 1947-12-05
Filing date: 1947-12-05
Publication date: 1950-08-29

Description

KLASS 24 a:16 BEVIDAT DEN 29 JUNI 19 PATENTTID FRAN DEN 27 APRIL 19 PUBLICERAT DEN 29 AUGUST! 14 Hartill en ritning. CLASS 24 a: 16 BEVIDAT ON 29 JUNE 19 PATENT PERIOD FROM 27 APRIL 19 PUBLISHED ON AUGUST 29! 14 In addition, a drawing.

D. H. DAHLSTRAND, BROMMA. D. H. DAHLSTRAND, BROMMA.

Anordning yid eldstader utan rost och med trycklufttillfiirsel. Device with fireplaces without rust and with compressed air supply.

Eldstdder utan rost och med intermittent trycklufttillforsel, vilka eldas med smastye- kiga eller finkorniga branslen, uppvisa bris- ter i vissa vasentliga avseenden. Dels bildas och samlas ofta aska i eldstadens botten, dar den pa grund av for lag temperatur icke smaltes till slagg, vilket ãr en forutsattning for ekonomisk och rationell drift, dels orsa- kas genom den intermittenta driften olagenheter, som kunna yttra sig i gaspuffar, gasforgiftningar och explosioner. Rust-free fireplaces with intermittent compressed air supply, which are fired with small or fine-grained industries, show breeze in certain essential respects. On the one hand, ash often forms and collects in the bottom of the fireplace, where it is not due to low temperatures was reduced to slag, which is a prerequisite for economic and rational operation, partly The intermittent operation causes malfunctions, which can manifest themselves in gas puffs, gas poisonings and explosions.

I eldstader av ifragavarande slag -Mores fyren i allmanhet primarluft under tryck ge- nom kanaler, som utmynna i eldstadens si- dovaggar. Vid eldning — sarskilt med stybbhaltiga, gasfattiga branslen — har det be- funnits att lufttillfOrseln vid eldstadens bot- ten, dar de smarre branslepartiklarna foretradesvis samlas, är otillracklig, fOr att for- branningstemperaturen skall bli sa hog, att askan darstades smatter och bildar slagg. Det med aska blandade finkorniga branslet er- bjuder stort motstand mot luftens passage, och cla den vid eldstadens sidopartier tillforda primarluften foljer minsta motsta.ndets lag, sillier den sig foretradesvis genom de stallen av bransleskikiet, dar dettas tjocklek är minst. Vid eldstader med vattenkyld bot- ten bidrager dessutom varmeoverforingen fran fyren till kylvattnet till att nedsatta temperaturen i eldstadens botten. Det ãr och for sig kant att infora forbranningsluft under tryck vid eldstadens botten, men dessa anordningar fungera icke tillfredsstallande i praktiken, dels pa grund av att selmunstyckena i regel ej varit tillrackligt vattenkylda och dadar latt skadas av var- men, dels pa grund av att erforderlig juster- barhet eller reglerbarhet av munstyckets utloppsarea saknats, och dels aven pa grund av att de kanda anordningarna skjutit langt in i eldstaden ovanfor eldstadsbottnen och darfor varit hindrande for slaggningsarbete sang liven starkt utsatta for sOnderbranning. In fireplaces of the type in question -Mores lighthouse in general primary air under pressure ge- channels, which result in the fireplace's si- dovaggar. In the case of firing - especially with the stubborn, gas-poor industries - it has found that the air supply at the fireplace bottom where the smart industry particles are preferably collected is insufficient to form the firing temperature must be so high that the ashes were smeared and formed slag. The ash-mixed fine-grained industry offers great resistance to air passage, and cla it at the side portions of the fireplace supply the primary air follows the least resistance law, it sillier it preferably through the stables of the industry skis, where its thickness is least. In fireplaces with water-cooled bottoms The heat transfer from the lighthouse to the cooling water also contributes to lowering the temperature in the bottom of the fireplace. It is per se to introduce combustion air under pressure at the bottom of the fireplace, but these devices do not work satisfactorily in practice, partly due to the fact that the seal nozzles have generally not been sufficiently water-cooled and the data have been damaged by but, partly due to the fact that the necessary barability or controllability of the nozzle outlet area was missing, and partly also due to that the well-known devices shot far into the fireplace above the fireplace bottom and were therefore an obstacle to slag work, made life very prone to arson.

Foreliggande uppfinning avser att rada hot for ovannamnda olagenheter. Enligt uppfinningen Or en eller flera uppatriktade tryck- luftdyser anbragta pa ens taka stallen genom den vattenkylda eldstadsbottnen och stracka sig genom denna utan att med nagra namnvarda, icke vattenkylda delar utskjuta ovanfor denna botten. Var och en av dyserna bildar en till sin genomstriimningskapacitet reglerbar eller justerbar utloppsspalt, vars bredd okas nedat, ralmat frau mynningen vid eldstadsbottnen. Genom denna dys eller dessa dyser tillfores luften det ovanf Or befintliga branslet utan risk for igensattning genom aska, slagg eller bransle. Dyserna kylas effektivt av eldstadens vattenmantlade botten och aro darfor bestandiga mot forekommande temperaturer. Genom reglerbarheten eller justerbarheten kan vid vane tillfalle iinskad luftkvantitet tillforas de avsedda stallena ay eldstadens botten. Beroende pa eldstadens storlek och utforinning kan et!, stOrre eller mindre antal dylika dyser komma till anvandning och sta lampligen via en luftfor-: delningslada i forbindelse med ett flaktaggregal, som levererar tryckluft till dyserna. Om bottendyserna anordnas i sadana eldstader, som dessutom aro forsedda med en eller flera nedatriktade kanaler for tillforsel av luft vid eldstadens ena eller bada sidor, kan det ovannamnda flaktaggregatet vara gemensamt for tillforsel av saval den uppatriktade som den nedatriktade luften, men man kan Oven for sistnamnda andamal anordna ett separat tryckluftaggregat. The present invention seeks to eliminate threats to the aforementioned illegality. According to the invention Or one or more upwardly directed air nozzles mounted on even the stables through the water-cooled fireplace bottom and extend through it without protruding above this bottom with any nominal, non-water-cooled parts. Each of the nozzles forms an outlet gap which can be adjusted or adjusted to its flow capacity, the width of which is increased downwards, fed from the mouth at the fireplace bottom. Through this nozzle or these nozzles, the air is supplied to the existing branch without risk of clogging by ash, slag or fuel. The nozzles are cooled efficiently by the water - jacketed bottom of the fireplace and are therefore resistant to occurring temperatures. Due to the controllability or adjustability, the intended quantity of air can, as usual, be supplied to the intended stables at the bottom of the fireplace. Depending on the size and design of the fireplace, a larger or smaller number of such nozzles can be used and can be placed via an air distribution charger in connection with a flat-bottom unit, which supplies compressed air to the nozzles. If the bottom nozzles are arranged in such fireplaces, which are additionally provided with one or more downwardly directed channels for supplying air at one or both sides of the fireplace, the above-mentioned flattening unit may be common for supplying both the upwardly directed and the downwardly directed air, but the latter andamal arrange a separate compressed air unit.

En eller ett mindre antal av bottendyserna kunna tillforas tryckluft Oven under stiflestandsperioder, antingen medelst en separat mindre f Int eller pIt annat satt. Ildrigenom vinnes den fordelen, att alltid en mindre del av eldstaden dr i drift. I detta avseende kan bottendysernas funktion jamstallas med evighetslagor eller tandlagor, vilka ha till uppgift dels att forhindra att rokgashastigheten i rokkanaler och skorsten sjunker till kritiskt varde och dels att antanda gaser, som alstras saval under stillestandsperioder som efter idriftsattning. Mer eller mindre stillastaende brannbara gaser undvikas, och den vid idriftsattning bildade generatorgasen an- 2— I29285 — Uncles utan driijsmal och kan icke fororsaka explosioner eller dylikt. Dyserna aro yidare lampligen anbragta i narheten ay eIdstadsbottnens lagsta niya, och deras mynningar ligga i praktiskt taget samnta plan som den omgivande bottenytan, for att dyserna icke med nagra namnyarda overskjutande partier skola hindra utrakning ay aska och andra branslerester ur eldstaden. One or a smaller number of the bottom nozzles can be supplied with compressed air. As a result, the advantage is gained that a smaller part of the fireplace is always in operation. In this respect, the function of the bottom nozzles can be equated with perpetual layers or tooth layers, which have the task partly to prevent the flue gas velocity in the flue ducts and chimney drops to critical value and partly to ignite gases, which are generated during downtime and after commissioning. More or less stationary combustible gases are avoided, and the generator gas formed during commissioning is used. 2— I29285 - Uncles without driijsmal and can not cause explosions or the like. The nozzles are more conveniently located in the vicinity of the lowest floor of the capital floor, and their mouths lie in practically the same plane as the surrounding bottom surface, so that the nozzles, with no excess parts of the name, will prevent the removal of ash and other industry residues from the fireplace.

Ned fordel bildas dysen ay ett ror, i vilket en styrning eller spindel med huxud är sa anbragt, att luften kan utstromma genom den mellan riirets mynning och huvudet bildade ringforrniga slitsen. Denna slits kan gbras reglerbar eller justerhar till sin storlek, genom att styrningen med huvudet rores i axiell led, eller ocksa genom att spindelhuyudet ayslipas. Ej heller spindelhuyudet bor med nagra namnyarda partier skjuta upp Over den omgivande ytan av eldstadsbottnen. Advantageously, the nozzle is formed by a tube in which a guide or spindle with huxud is arranged so that the air can flow out through the annular slot formed between the mouth of the tube and the head. This slot can be made adjustable or adjusted to its size, by moving the guide with the head in the axial direction, or also by grinding the spindle skin. Nor does the spider huyud live with some name-bearing parts protruding above the surrounding surface of the fireplace bottom.

Ph bifogade ritning visas en utforingsform av uppfinningen sasom exempel. Fig. 1 askadliggor en tyarsektion av det nedre partiet ay eldstaden, fig. 2 en del ay eldstadens botten i plan, samt fig. 3 och 4 vertikalsektioner av en bottendys i storre skala enligt tva utforingsformer. The accompanying drawing shows an embodiment of the invention as an example. Fig. 1 shows a bull section of the lower part of the fireplace, Fig. 2 a part of the bottom of the fireplace in plan, and Figs. 3 and 4 vertical sections of a bottom nozzle on a larger scale according to two embodiments.

Eldstaden bestar fOretradesvis ay ett med vattenmantel 1 forsett, lampligen helt eller delvis cylindriskt rum 2, som saknar rost och till viIket branslet tillfores fran en lamp-hg, ej visad, vid rummets oyre del anbragt oppning eller magasin. Branslet rasar neat i det huvudsakligen cylindriskt formade rum-met 2, ned till eldstadens batten 8. Primal.- luft under tryck kan eyentuellt tillforas genom en eller flera kanaler 4, som aro sh anbragta, att tryckluften strommar nedat 1 det utanfor kanalerna befintliga branslet. Genom att kanalernas 4 mynningar luta ned- uppstar en branslerasyta pa nagot avstand utanfor mynningarna. Kanalernas 4 byre, yattenkylda yta kan bilda ett rutsehplan fOr branslet, och kanalerna kunna bestâ av flera, langs eldstadens langdriktning fordelade, separata kanaler, i likhet med yad som beskriyes i syenska patentet 106 252, men VSreliggande uppfinning Or ej begransad hartill och kan f. 0. tillampas aven utan kanalerna 4. En luftlada kan anordnas for att fordela tryckluften pa de olika kanalerna 4. The fireplace preferably consists of a water jacket 1 provided, suitably completely or partially cylindrical room 2, which has no rust and to which the fuel is supplied from a lamp-hg, not shown, at the outer part of the room or magazine. The fuel collapses neatly in the substantially cylindrically shaped space 2, down to the fireplace bed 8. Primal air under pressure can possibly be supplied through one or more ducts 4, which are arranged so that the compressed air flows down into the fuel outside the ducts. . By tilting the 4 mouths of the channels down an industrial clay surface arises at some distance outside the estuaries. The byre, surface-cooled surface of the channels 4 can form a slide plane for the industry, and the channels can consist of several separate channels, distributed along the longitudinal direction of the fireplace, similar to the yad described in Syian patent 106 252, but the present invention is not limited thereto and can f 0. is also applied without the ducts 4. An air charge can be arranged to distribute the compressed air on the different ducts 4.

Genom eldstadens yattenkylda botten 3 stracker sig ett antal reglerbara eller justerbara dyser 6 for uppatriktad tryckluft, lampligen anordnade i Iangsgaende ruder nara bottnens lagsta parti. I fig. 1 visas Ire sadana rader. Dessa dyser sta i forbindelse med en luftfordelningslada 5, yilken matas med tryckluft, exempelyis genom att yam forbunden med den oyannamnda luftladan for kanalerna 4 eller pa annat satt. Anordningen kan vara sa utford, att tryckluften tillfores dyserna 6 oberoende av trycklufttillforseln till kanalerna 4. Tryckluften till nagon eller nitgra ay dyserna 6 kan salunda t. ex. WHOras under stillestandsperioderna, dä ingen tryckluft tillfores kanalerna 4. Dyserna kunna emellertid a.ven erhalla tryckluft samtidigt med kanalerna 4. Dyserna .0 anordnas lampligen inom det omrade ay bottnen 3, som begransas av vertikalplanen 8 genom kanalernas 4 yttre kanter. Eventuellt kunna de enskilda dyserna resp. dysraderna 6 vara avstangbara yar for sig, i och for m5jliggorande av olika lufttillfOrsel i olika delar av eldstaden. A number of adjustable or adjustable nozzles 6 for upwardly directed compressed air extend through the surface-cooled bottom 3 of the fireplace, suitably arranged in longitudinal panes near the lowest part of the bottom. Fig. 1 shows such lines. These nozzles are connected to an air distribution charge 5, which is supplied with compressed air, for example by being connected to the aforementioned air charge for the ducts 4 or otherwise. The device can be so challenging that the compressed air is supplied to the nozzles 6 independently of the compressed air supply to the ducts 4. The compressed air to any or nitgra ay the nozzles 6 can salunda e.g. WHO is during the standstill periods, when no compressed air is supplied to the ducts 4. However, the nozzles can also receive compressed air at the same time as the ducts 4. The nozzles 0 are suitably arranged within the area ay the bottom 3, which is delimited by the vertical plane 8 through the outer edges of the ducts 4. Possibly the individual nozzles resp. the rows of nozzles 6 are separable yar separately, in order to allow different air supply in different parts of the fireplace.

Fig. 3 visar sasom exempel ett utforande ay en dys 6. Enligt denna utforingsform be-star dysen ay ett ror 9, som stracker sig genom yattemnanteln 1 och nedtill kommunicerar med luftladan 5 pa lampligt satt. I roret Or en bult eller spindel 10 anbragt, upptill forsedd med huvud 11, exempelyis ay konisk form, och nedtill ingangad i en mot en fast bygel 13 vilande mutter 11a. Mellan huvudet 11 och rorets 9 mynning bildas en ringformig spalt 12, yams storlek kan regleras, genom att spindeln 10 hojes eller sankes genom ut- resp, inskruvning i muttern 11a. Bygeln 13 Or naturligtyis sa utf8rd, att den medger luften att inkomma i roret. Spindeln kan vara forsedd med styrskenor 14, som anligga mot rorets inre vaggar. Fig. 3 shows, by way of example, an embodiment of a nozzle 6. According to this embodiment, the nozzle consists of a tube 9, which extends through the surface jacket 1 and communicates at the bottom with the air charge 5 in a suitable manner. In the rudder Or a bolt or spindle 10 arranged, provided at the top with head 11, for example a conical shape, and at the bottom entered into a nut 11a resting against a fixed bracket 13. An annular gap 12 is formed between the head 11 and the mouth of the rudder 9, the size of which can be adjusted by raising or lowering the spindle by screwing it out into the nut 11a, respectively. The jumper 13 Or naturally said, that it allows the air to enter the rudder. The spindle may be provided with guide rails 14, which abut against the inner cradles of the rudder.

Fig. 4 yisar ett annat utforande. I roret 9 Or ett med styrflansar 14 forsett yentilhuvud 15 eller dylikt anbragt, som halles i °forandrat vertikallage, genom att flansarna 14 med sin nedre del anligga mot ett stod 16, yilket medgiyer luftens fria passage. Daremot kan ventilhuvudet 15 med flansarna 14 vrida sig samt Oven utlyftas fran roret 9. Erforderlig justering ay den ringformiga spaltens 12 storlek sker genom avslipning ay ventilhuvudets 15 koniska yta 15a och/eller genom slipning av rorets omgivande vaggkant. Regleringen av spalten 12 kan om sh onskas Oven ske fran eldstadens utsida medelst lamplig manoveranordning. Alit efter onskan kan regleringen utforas gemensamt for alla dyserna eller for yarje dys for sig oberoende ay de ovriga, varigenom luftbehovet i eldstadens olika delar kan noggrant avpassas. floret 9 och huvudet 11 resp. 15 skjuta en-dust obetydligt (eller icke ails) ovanfor bottnens 3 omgivande yta. En svetsfog 15b, som eventueIlt anviin:des for rorets 9 infastning, kan vara sit utford, att jamn anslutning melIan bottenytan 3 och rorets 9 kant erhalles. Harigenom underlattas rakningsarbete och dylikt. Partiklar, som eventuellt falla ned germm den cikulara springan 12, mellan huvudet 11 resp. 15 och r8ret 9, kunna icke igenatta dysen, di genomloppsarean okas nedat tack vare huvudets koniska form. Namnda partiklar passera dadar genom dysen till luftladan 5, som Or forsedd med renslucka. Genom att fora en raka eller liknande Over dysens utloppsmynning avla.gsnar man — —3 lãtt oeh effektivt slagg, som eventuellt vid namnda mynning. Fig. 4 shows another embodiment. In the rudder 9 Or a yentil head 15 or the like provided with guide flanges 14 is arranged, which is held in a changed vertical layer, in that the flanges 14 with their lower part abut against a stand 16, which allows the free passage of the air. On the other hand, the valve head 15 with the flanges 14 can turn and the oven can be lifted from the pipe 9. Necessary adjustment of the size of the annular gap 12 takes place by grinding on the conical surface 15a of the valve head 15 and / or by grinding the surrounding rocker edge. The adjustment of the column 12 can, if desired, take place from the outside of the fireplace by means of a suitable maneuvering device. Depending on the desire, the regulation can be carried out jointly for all the nozzles or for each nozzle separately from the others, whereby the air demand in the different parts of the fireplace can be carefully adjusted. floret 9 and head 11 resp. Shoot en-dust insignificantly (or not ails) above the surrounding surface of the bottom 3. A weld joint 15b, which may be used for the attachment of the tube 9, may be its challenge that an even connection between the bottom surface 3 and the edge of the tube 9 is obtained. This facilitates shaving work and the like. Particles which may fall into the circular gap 12 between the head 11 and 11, respectively. 15 and the tube 9, can not block the nozzle, in which the passage area is increased downwards due to the conical shape of the head. Said particles pass dadar through the nozzle to the air barn 5, which Or is provided with a cleaning hatch. By lining a straight or similar Over the nozzle outlet mouth is relieved - —3 light and efficient slag, as possibly at the said estuary.

Uppfinningen är icke begransad till den nu yisade och beskrivna utforingsformen utan kan pa olika satt modifieras, utan att uppfinningstanken frfingas. Eldstaden kan aven vara utbildad sasom panna eller forugn. Dyserna 6 kunna aven vara installbara i avseende a luftens utstromningsriktning resp. -hastighet. The invention is not limited to the embodiment now described and described, but can be modified in various ways, without compromising the idea of the invention. The fireplace can also be trained as a boiler or oven. The nozzles 6 can also be installable with respect to the air outflow direction resp. -speed.

Claims

Patent claim:

Device for fireplaces without rust, and with compressed air supply through the water-cooled bottom of the fireplace, may be characterized by one or more upright compressed air nozzles, which are mounted on individual stalls of the water-cooled fireplace bottom and extend through it without using any finely cooled, non-water-cooled parts. above this bottom, and each of which forms an outlet gap adjustable or adjustable to its flow-through capacity, the width of which is also called neat, raked from the mouth at the bottom of the fireplace.

Device according to claim 1, wherein the compressed air nozzle consists of a simply rotatable throttle or valve body, which is arranged in a pipe arranged through the water-cooled fireplace bottom, can be characterized therefrom, all this valve body between it and a downwardly tapering (e.g. neat conical) part of the valve body forms an annular outlet s sp alt. Stockholm 1950. Kungl. 13ohtr. P. I. Norstedt Stiller 500080