SE1050457A1 - Device for folding ship ramp - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a device at a ship ramp which consists of pairwise articulated interconnected ramp parts to enable adjustment of the angle between the ramp parts at the unfolded position of the ramp at a quay or other construction part.

Such angular adjustment of ramp parts is normally referred to as “buttressing” and such angular adjustment is necessary to e.g. be able to use the ramp at as large height differences as possible between ship and quay or other object such as e.g. other ship, loading platform etc.

Conventionally, there are two main types of Buttresing: Manual buttressing: Here you change the angle between the ramp parts by simply inserting a wedge with the size required to achieve the desired angle between the ramp parts. It is a simple solution and assumes that you do not need to change the ramp angles during loading / unloading.

Manual systems are just manual, and are not enough if you are looking for an automatic / adjustable solution. It is required that a person goes out on the ramp and adjusts, something you avoid with automated systems.

Buttressing with hydraulic cylinders: Here a solution was used which in principle is based on the hydraulic cylinder being able to form the "wedge" between the ramp parts, which can then be adjusted during loading and unloading, in order to achieve the desired angles.

There are other solutions, but all are based on pressing with a hydraulic cylinder or other pressure equipment to change the ramp angles.

A separate buttressing system consisting of hydraulic cylinders, hydraulic pipes, etc. must be installed in the ramp.

This can cause leakage and is also costly. The compressive force in the hydraulic cylinders used to push the ramp parts apart tends to be large, which requires large and in many cases expensive cylinders.

The industry tends to demand more and more all-electric solutions, and then hydraulic cylinders are not conceivable.

The main object of the present invention is therefore primarily to solve with safe and cost-effective means, e.g. problems mentioned above.

Said object is achieved by means of a device according to the present invention, which is mainly characterized in that a common impact system, which is normally arranged to fold the parts of the ramp from double weight stored folded position to folded folded position at quay etc. and in reverse order, is also arranged for angular adjustment of the ramp parts at its extended position by co-operation between the winch of the actuating system and the actuating arm, whereby the angle between the ramp parts is varied by the driving influence of the winch in the desired direction.

The new device with which the buttressing operation is now solved is based on using the ramp's existing spreading system. Spreading means unfolding the ramp from a double-weight substantially vertical position, to a fold-out substantially horizontal position at the quay.

Together with the existing spreading system, which in this case consists of an electric winch and wire tackle, a so-called Butt spread arm, which is the core of the invention itself.

This butt spread arm works together with wire and winch to, like a crowbar / crowbar, force the ramp parts to change the angle between them.

To increase the angle between the ramp parts, take home wire with the winch. Then the wire pulls on the butt spread arm so that it rotates and in this way pushes the ramp parts apart. The ramp parts rotate apart, i.e. the angle increases.

To reduce the angle between the ramp parts (level out the ramp), simply release some wire.

The butt spread arm is then allowed to rotate backwards, which in turn allows the ramp to level out, mainly due to the unladen weight and any supported load.

The advantages of the invention are that you can use existing equipment to perform another operation, in cases where you use the spreading winch which, in addition to spreading, is now used in buttressing. You avoid hydraulic cylinders, which is an important environmental aspect.

The butt spread arm, when the ramp is in the stowed position, will be able to be folded to reduce the total height of the stowed ramp.

The spreading wire will be subjected to traction during the entire loading / unloading operation, in contrast to using a separate buttressing system where the spreading wire is at rest during the entire loading / unloading procedure. Possibly you could use a latch that is automatically or manually connected at different load modes if you do not want to load the spreading wire all the time.

The invention is described below as a preferred embodiment, reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 schematically shows a folding foldable ramp on a ship, seen from the side, Fig. 2 shows the different movement patterns of the ramp in a common view, Fig. 3 shows the ramp in unfolded position seen from above, Fig. 4-5 shows the ramp seen from the side during its unfolding process, Fig. 6-8 shows in side views the ramp in unfolded loading / unloading position with the device according to the invention in operative position, wherein however, only one buttress arm of the ramp is shown which is located on one side of the frame, Fig. 9 shows the device according to the invention seen from above in the unfolded position of the ramp but without wire shown, and Figs. 10-12 show an example of the impact arm and its bearing.

Specifically, the invention, which consists of a device 1 at a ship's ramp 2 which consists in pairs with a pivot joint 5 can be hingedly connected ramp parts 3, 4 and which is provided with means for enabling adjustment of the angle X, X1 between the ramp parts 3, 4 at the ramp unfolded position I, II at a quay 6 or some other construction part, is said to consist of a common actuating system 7. Said common actuating system 7 is normally arranged to cause said foldable ramp parts 3 4 to be folded from double-weight stored folded-up position III to folded-down unfolded position I, II at a quay 6 etc and in reverse order. According to the present invention, said actuating system 7 is also arranged for angular adjustment of the ramp parts 3, 4 at its extended position I, II. This is made possible by the interaction between the winch 8 arranged on the actuating system 7 and the actuating arm 9, whereby the angle X, X1m between the ramp parts 3, 4 is varied by the driving influence of the winch by its wire 10 in the desired direction 11, 12.

The wire 10 driven by the winch 8 is connected to said actuating arm 9 via suitable tackle blocks 13 for the wire 10 and the said winch 8 is electrically driven to achieve all the advantages thereof. The actuating arm 9 is formed by the ramp the arm of the ramp parts 3, 4 existing spreading arm 9, i.e. is folded out with from folded substantially vertical storage position III to folded substantially horizontal loading position I, II and vice versa at opposite folding.

The spreading arm 9, which thus also regulates the buttressing of the ramp parts, thus also forms the butt spread arm 9 and the same forces the ramp parts 3, 4 by force to pivot relative to each other and is set at the desired angle X, Xi fl Said arm 9 is pivotally mounted and is in cooperation with a back pressure part 14 arranged to force the ramp parts 3, 4 to the second angle X, X1m between them by means of a lever function similar to a crowbar or a crowbar.

The device 1 according to the present invention is designed with its system 7 and arm 9 so that, in order to reduce the angle X, Xi "between the ramp parts 3, 4, it takes home wire 10 with the winch 8 whereby the wire 10 pulls in the butt spread arm 9 so that it pivots and thereby pushing the ramp parts 3, 4 apart from each other and reducing the angle X, Xi "between the ramp parts 3, 4.

To increase the angle X, X1 between the ramp parts 3, 4, the wire 10 is released from the winch 8, thereby allowing the buttspead arm 9 to pivot back and thereby allowing the ramp parts 3, 4 to flatten out and increase the angle X, Xi "between them.

Furthermore, said arm 9 is provided with a pressure part 15 at its bearing end at the common bearing joint 5 of the ramp parts and an arm part 14 of the outer ramp part 4, forms a back pressure part for the pressure part 15. The counter pressure arm part 14 and the butt spread arm 9 are connected to each other via a link 100. connected to the inner ramp part 3 of the ramp via a pivot joint 16.

Main operation This system consists of one or two winches, usually mounted on the ship's upper deck, the winches have a number of break plates on deck to then break up to what is called "kingposts" around this. On top of these is the record house. 10 15 20 25 30 turntables and what is mounted at the bottom of the ramp, the ramp's "main operation arrangement" is arranged, consisting of 12-14 wire sections per side. The winches on deck can be hydraulic, electric or consist of a jig winch, however, the latter option is not workable on larger ramps. This arrangement affects the angle of ramp part 3 in relation to the substantially vertical aft of the ship.

The arrangement described in the patent text affects the angles of ramp parts 3 and 4 relative to each other.

Both spreading and buttressing. The ramp part that is attached to the ship is the 1st ramp part and is denoted by the number 3 in text and on drawings. The 2nd ramp part is denoted by the number 4.

Retaining Link This link 200 acts as a strut and holds the butt spread arm 9 at right angles to ramp portion 1.

The function is such that the strut 200 slides in an oval hole 202, a "slot" and reaches an end position, whereby it is loaded depending on how the butt spread arm 9 is loaded. This part is mainly active when the ramp is “spread”, ie when ramp part 4 is unfolded in and out before reaching berth 6. When ramp 2 is on berth 6, the angle between ramp parts 3, 4 is close to 180 °. A shaft 201 is completely unloaded and slides in the oval hole 202 if the ramp 2 flattens out and the buttress arm 9 rises, i.e. when wire 13 is released from the spreading winch. This link 200 could also consist of a shorter wire / chain of about 2 meters with a fixed length, as it should only carry load in one position and prevent the butt spreading arm 9 from rotating when it is loaded during spreading operation.

Contact link When ramp part 4 has been spread sufficiently before laying the ramp on quay 6 or another platform, ramp part 4 meets the butt-spreading arm 9 at a point at which the entire structure can be prestressed if the wire 10 is tightened harder.

It is at this point of contact that the force from the butt spread arm 9 and ramp part 4 is transmitted or vice versa depending on how one sees it. Since the butt spread arm 9 is articulated around a center 16 on ramp part 3 and ramp part 4 is articulated in the hinge 5 between ramp parts 3 and 4 and these do not have the same center, there will be some slippage in the contact point, which is solved with a link 100 The design of the link 100 depends on geometric conditions.

We strive to have as short a link as possible. At one end of the link is a mounted shaft 18, this can be fixed. At the opposite end of the link is said storage part 101 which meets a "fork" on part 2 where the power transmission takes place. When said bearing part 101 on the free end of the link approaches the fork and its oval hole 102, it is guided in and then fixed in the seat of the fork which is designed to spread the contact pressure over a larger semi-cylindrical area corresponding to the contact / hole edge pressure in a bolted joint. and keep the link in place. When the shaft 101 is fixed in the seat of the fork, a certain rotation / rotation of the link 100 takes place as the buttress arm 9 moves. The rotation takes place in the bearings with the least possible friction losses and angle between the ramp parts 3, 4.

The link 100 is spring-loaded so that it is always in the right position (rotate) a little, even when the parts meet. Then it can move the working area of the buttress arm and the small angular change that takes place geometrically. During this movement, the spring is then compressed.

When unfolding, the spring is completely out and the contact link is spring-loaded against mechanical stop.

In the following, the invention and its function are described more generally with reference to the drawings in general terms: The Buttspread arm mechanism is hinged to the ramps part one outer part, the hinge is made preferably with an axle and ear bracket setup but other hinge types are possible as long as it is possible to rotate in a supported position.

The general function is to act as a crowbar in between part one and part two of ramp between a ship and a The buttspread platform, linkspan or floating pontoon. quayf arm acts as a crowbar and with its leaver it is possible to separate the hinged ramp parts by being able to rotate and change the geometry of the hinge / push / pull-points, this to be able to increase the knuckle of an articulated ramp when hearing load. The innovation is to use the existing wire tackle or actuator arrangement / setup, used to unfold his articulated ramp, (in our terminology spread the ramp) to work as a “buttressing” arrangement as well as a spreading arrangement.

The motion of the Buttspread arm is restricted to act in between a pre-defined and designed interval. It is mechanically prevented or supported in its end positions and the construction has the strength of bearing the loads / moment put on the Buttspread arm. From the self weight of the ramp, the load on the ramp and the counter load / force from the cylinder or electric operating system, which can be a winch, screw. In this case it is shown to be a winch with a wire arrangement since this is commonly used with this typical design.

Benefits: 0 Possible to use the spreading winch / actuator to do the buttressing maneuver as well. 0 This means that in the common setup we can make buttressing maneuver without large hydraulic cylinders or electric screws. 0 In the fully electric alternative we can easily use the electric spreading winch tackle to hold the crossbar in position and let that keep / move the ramp in to a new wanted position. 10 15 20 25 30 0 The Buttspread arm can when the whole ramp is in stowed position, fold forward or backward to decrease the total air draft of the ramp arrangement, this is a benefit when the air draft is an issue. It will also be easier to reach the sheaves and inspect / service parts of the mechanism, sheaves, axles, bearings and wires, actuators etc.

How does it work, this text will take you through the different steps of the ramp operation from stowed position to lowered and back to stowed.

A. Ramp is in stowed position and the Buttspread arm is folded. The spreading winch starts to rotate which means that it is spooling up wire. The wire tackle is arranged so that it will raise the folded buttressing arm to almost vertical. The end position is reached (preventer link or fixed and the pressure / moment is support, could be wires or a link) increasing, wires are tensioned and winch stops, either by angle sensor, in position sensor or by pressure or torque control, depending if it's a hydraulic or electric operated winch.

B. The ramp main maneuver can now be started, ramp is pushed out by launching cylinders and the main operating lets out more and more wire from the drums, ramps winch (es) starts to act by gravity and this operation is continued until the ramp is about 70 degree inclined from horizontal. This means the ramp has been moved from stowed position, almost 90 to 70 degrees, approx 20 degrees. degrees (vertical) C. At this position the part two (or the second main part of the ramp structure) has been hanging in the hinges 10 15 20 25 30 10 only supported by a “light” force acting in the wire tackle, a force only strong enough to keep the Buttspread arm in its outer position but not strong enough to prevent the part two to rotate freely by the force of gravity. During the ramp operation of about 20 degrees the wire tackles force changed position from acting as a closing force to an opening force (spreading) since it passed over the hinge between part one and part two. Now the spreading winch that has been on torque control starts to generate tension in the spreading wire tackle, the butt spread arm wants to rotate around it hinge / rotating point but is prevented or supported mechanically (could be a preventer link or wire) from this movement in this direction and the force increases until the part two starts to rotate. Spreading operation is visible to the operator.

D. Both spreading and lowering of the ramp is made simultaneously in careful in order to prevent the ramp to interfere with the quay. When the spreading operation reaches its end position this innovation reaches its purpose Part two have been spread almost 180 degrees and the gap between the part one and part two is closing, however now the Buttsspread arm is in the way (blocking this moment). The part two is rotating to close the gap between the structure parts, it rotates by the drum that spools up wire until it hits the Buttspread arm. The pressure or torque increases and the contact pressure between the Buttspread arm and a mechanical surfaces increases. The whole construction is tightened and “jammed” when the torque / pressure has reached its maximum on This since the leaver for the wire tackle (5: l), the winch / actuator. via the buttspread arm to the contact point is stronger nothing moves. The part two leaver from the sheavehouse / force point to the hinge and up / down to the contact point is (5: 2) the moment is weaker and the this means that the part two has lO l5 20 25 30 ll “nowhere to go ”Only to be pretensioned to the pre-set position which is the most inclined buttressing position, about 12-l5 degrees knuckle over the drive way on the ramp.

E. The now stiff ramp is lowered to the quay, the outer part of the ramp reaches the quay and a reaction force is action on the structure. Ramp is lowered until main operation wires are slacking. The reaction force from the quay is now at its maximum for an unloaded static ramp and about 40-50% of the self weight of the ramp. Meanwhile the spreading system is keeping the same position. Wire lengths are kept the same.

F. The ramp rests now safely on the quay and depending on the ships draft and the quay height operator could find it beneficial for cargo operation to straighten the ramp to a less inclined / knuckled driveway. The reaction force and the “Laws of Newton” (gravity) wants to this automatically what's preventing this from happening is that the Buttspread arm acts as a crowbar in between the parts and the wire tackle have a fixed length and due to the geometry of the Buttspread arm, hinge position and contact position this is not possible unless the Buttspread arm raises. This raise of the Buttspread arm can only be done by letting out more wire from the winch drum. Operator checks the distance to the quay and finds it possible to straighten the ramp, operator lets out more wire from the winch drum and the gravity does the work. The Buttspread arm's contact pressure is decreased and when the equilibrium of the arm via an eventual link to prevent friction / scratching between the surfaces and the arm start to rotate and lets the ramp to a more straight position, which is beneficial for cargo operation. 10 15 20 25 30 12 G. When the correct position is reached operator stops drum movement / rotation and the brake on the drum is actuated. The Buttspread arm has now rotated slightly to a new position. Ramp is now ready to carry load / cargo in / out from the ship.

H. Cargo operation starts and when a heavy load wagon or similar type of cargo is on the ramp, wire tension in the spreading / buttressing arrangement tackle increases depending on the weight of the cargo. Since the wire length in the system is constant the ramp cannot change inclination due to that the Buttspread arm is preventing the ramp parts to move, like a crow bar in-between the parts. The wire tension when the maximum safe working load SWL is placed on the ramp is kept under the maximum allowed tension for the used wire, usually around 4-5 times below min breaking load MBL. Wires may tend to be longer / elongate during cargo operation which may change the angle of the drive way a little but can also be seen as a shock absorber / spring to the system.

I. Cargo operation goes on and the tide or the ships draft changes, operator find it necessary to change inclination of part two to prevent the ramp to interfere with the quay or any obstacle under the ramp. The Buttspread arm needs to change position / rotate, to bush / bend apart the two ramp structures, like a crow bar, this can be done simultaneously as cargo operation if necessary. Operator actuates the winch and starts to increase pressure / torque to wind up more wire on the drum to change the Buttspread arm position. Wire tension is increased and when passing the equilibrium point the drum starts to rotate and the wire in the system is winded up on the drum. The Buttspread arm starts to rotate and pushes on the contact point via an the “eventual 10 l5 20 25 30 13 link” on part two, this makes the ramp structures to separate and the inclination in between them changes. Operation goes on until satisfied clear distance is reached between the ramp and the quay / obstacle. When winch is stopped and brakes actuated, buttressing operation is finished.

J. Cargo operation is finished and the ramp is to be raised, closed and cleated for sea voyage. Before main operation of the ramp can start the ramp can be buttressed to maximum inclination 12-15 degrees. Or just be where it is: A) If buttressing is in an intermediate position when main ramp operation starts, part two and the Buttspread arm will change position until the Buttspread arm reaches its supported position and then when the wires in the Buttspread tackle gets tensioned again the whole ramp including part two will be lifted up from the guay.

B) If the ramp is buttressed to maximum before main ramp operation starts the whole ramp will be lifted from the quay and the structure is jammed as described above, this is described as a more controlled way of making the main ramp operation.

K. Main operation of the ramp continues and the ramp is safely lifted up from the quay. When a safe distance is reached the spreading winch releases its pressure / torque and starts to wind out wire to the spreading (now folding) arrangement's wire system, this means that the ramp part two starts to move controlled by gravity. This anti spreading / folding maneuver for part two and the main ramp operation goes on until part one is about at 70 degrees to horizontal and the part two is almost vertically hanging in the hinges. The spreading winches are now set to pre-tension “mode” 10 15 20 25 30 l4 to keep eventual wire slack away from the wire tackle and keep the Buttspread arm upraised.

L. The final part of closing operation starts, the main ramp (part one) operation continues, the spreading winch is on torque control and the ramp part one is operated to close position almost vertical. During this operation part two has been hanging in the hinges, and the wire tackle have geometrically changed position since it has passed the hinge between part one & two (what we call over center geometry) and acts now as a closing force if actuated.

M. Part one is now in almost vertical position, the cleat hooks in the hull or in the ramp part one are now engaged and the ramp part one is being pulled in the last bit and the sealing around the hull opening is compressed if any.

Part one can now be locked by wedges to the hull. Meanwhile the operator or spreading winches has been on pre-tension “mode”, control system (automatic) now increases the pressure / torque on the winches and part two can by the force generated rotate and close itself closer to part l until mechanically stopped. It can now safely be locked to the part one or the hull.

N. When both part one and part two is safely locked to the ship, the spreading winch wire tension can now be released, and the depending on design geometry the buttressing arms can be folded to reduce the air draft and lock them to a safe position . Folding of the Buttspread arms can either be done by design geometry and gravity or by an electric or hydraulic actuator. It's also possible to have the Buttspread arms forced to rest / fold by a springs or similar mechanical system. An alternative if air draft is not an issue, is just to 10 15 20 25 30 15 leave the Buttspread arms as they are after pulling in part two to stowed / locked position.

Some additional explaining info.

The Buttspread arm gets its moment by tensioning of the wires, that moment can be transferred over to part two when part two and the Buttspread arm is in mechanical contact with each other. This contact This is what we call the contact point. point could be a smooth surface where the buttspread arm's surface meets the part two surface. The contact pressure is high, the force interval will for a standard ramp ranges between lOO-400 metric tons per side, hence we have an alternative to use the link. The terminology preferred for this link could be: push link.

The link could be attached to the Buttspread arm or on the ramp structure part two, the link contact point could be a fork type open fitting that “wedges in” the link and keep it in position.

It is also possible that the link has a fork in one end and meets and axle or similar to “wedge it in” and keep it in position. The link can have bearings or be without depending on & size. For the smoothest operation a link with greased force sliding brass bearings might be recommended.

This link gets activated / load when the ramp is spread so much that part two and the fork merge into this link. They will stay connected during lowering of the ramp to the quay, during cargo loading and buttressing operation, i.e. changing angle between part one and part two of the ramp (main structures) and until the ramp is folded again and the ship is set to sail. The link and the fork will always dock at the same position every time 10 15 20 25 30 16 and the link will depending on length rotate slightly during the full operation, most efficient is to have the link to dock the fork for example at -7 degrees and during the full range rotate to +7 degrees. The longer the link the narrower angle interval, however it is a geometrical iteration to find optimized length. If it is too short and rotates too much in between the contact point and the attachment to the butt spread arm, the force will have to change direction and we get unwanted tensions / forces in the structure and in the fork fitting, which we need to absorb somehow. The link can have a spring-loaded base position where it is at all inactive times, when docked it will compress this spring during its rotating motion, when undocked again it will be in a base position again.

The Buttspread arm is hinged to part one, but could be hinged to part 4 as well.

The spreading winch can be positioned on either part 3 or part 4 most conventional to be positioned on part one, but possible to position where ever since the wire routing can be done in all possible ways. The winch could be both electric and hydraulic and pull a wire, rope or a chain, it could also be possible to have some kind of screw actuator or hydraulic cylinder instead of a winch and wire tackle between the Buttspread arm and part 4, but since the stroke is very long, ramps are heavy steel constructions and the part 4 has an operation range of 180 degrees it is uncertain this will be a cost effective solution, however possible. The hydraulic cylinder needs to be telescopic or engineers need to figure out an extreme link construction which will be a challenge.

The nature and function of the invention should have been apparent from the foregoing and from the drawings.

The invention is of course not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the accompanying drawings. Modifications are possible, in particular as regards the nature of the various parts, or by the use of equivalent technology, without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims.

Claims (16)

10 15 20 25 30 18 K78 P5lSE LG / KOE P a t e n t k r a v Device (1) at ship ramp (2) consisting of pairs of articulated articulated ramp parts (3, 4) to enable adjustment of the angle (X; X1) between the ramp parts (3, 4) or other at the unfolded position of the ramp ( I, II) at a quay (6) construction part, characterized in that jointly actuating (7), parts (3, 4) folded down position which is normally arranged to fold the ramp (2) (III) into systems from double weight stored folded-up position (I, II) at the quay, etc. and in reverse order, is also arranged for angular adjustment of the ramp parts (3, 4) by co-operation between actuating (9), the angle (X, Xiu) between the ramp parts (3, 4) is varied through the winch (8) and actuating arm of the winch system (7) at its extended position (I, II), whereby the driving force of the winch in the desired direction (11, 12). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the wire (10) driven by the winch (8) is connected to said actuating arm (9) at tackle blocks (13) for the wire (10). Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winch (8) is preferably electrically operated. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the actuating arm (9) is formed by the existing spreading arm of the ramp, i.e. the arm (9) with which the ramp parts (3, 4) are folded out from folded vertical storage position (III) to folded out substantially horizontal loading and unloading position (I, II). lO l5 20 25 30 19 Device according to Claim 4, characterized in that the spreading arm (9), which thus also regulates the buttressing of the ramp parts (3, 4), also forms a butt spread arm and that it forces the ramp parts (3, 4) to pivot relative to one another by the action of force. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that it is pivotally mounted and is by combination (14) like a crowbar or a crowbar function forcing the ramp thereof, that said arm (9) acts with a back pressure part arranged to pass through the lever sparks (3). , 4) to change the angle (X, Xiu) between them. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the ramp parts (10) are characterized in that in order to reduce the angle (X, Xi; (3, 4) nom the wire, the winch (8) is arranged to take home wire varige- (10) it is pivoted and thereby pushing apart the ramp parts (3, 4) pulls in the forming butt spread arm (9) so that from each other and reduces the angle (X, Xiu) between the ramp parts (3, 4) - Device according to one of Claims 6 to 7, characterized in that in order to increase the angle (X, X1m) between the ramp parts (3, 4), the wire (10) is released from the winch (8), whereby the butt spread arm (9) is permitted. swing back and thereby allow the ramp parts (3, 4) to flatten out and increase the angle (X, Xiu) between them. Device according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that said arm 9 is provided with a pressure part (15) at its bearing end at the common storage joint (5) of the ramp parts (3, 4) and that the back pressure part (14) is supported by opposite ramp part (4), wherein a link (100) is arranged to act between said pressure part (l5) and back pressure part (l4). 10 15 20 25 30 20 Device according to claim 9, characterized in that at one end of the link (100) there is a mounted shaft (18) while at the opposite end of the link is a bearing part (101) which meets a fork (102) on the back pressure part (14) and there the power transmission takes place. 11. ll. Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the spring-loaded link (100) is arranged such that when said bearing part (101) on the free end of the link approaches the fork (102), it is guided in and fixed in the seat of the fork which is designed to spread partly the contact pressure over a larger semi-cylindrical area corresponding to the contact / hole edge pressure in a bolted joint that is loaded with shear forces and partly hold the link in place. Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the bearing part (101) designed as a shaft is arranged (101) fixed in the seat of the fork, so that when the shaft has a certain rotation / rotation of the link with that the arm (9) moves and that rotation takes place in the bearings with small friction losses and a small angle between the ramp parts (3, 4). characterized Device according to claim 12, in that the link (100) is arranged so that it can pivot along the working area of the arm (9) and the angular change which takes place geometrically and that during this movement the spring is then compressed, but that when undocked the spring is completely out and the contact link (100) is spring-loaded to abut against a mechanical stop. Device according to one of the above-mentioned patents, in that the arm (9) is connected to claims 9-13, characterized in that the inner ramp part (3) of the ramp is located via a pivot joint (16). 10 21 Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a link (200), chain or wire forms an abutment for the arm (9) for holding said arm (9) in the desired correct position. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that said link (200) is mounted with a bearing part (201) movable in an elongate bearing hole (202).