SA97180141B1 - TRANSMITTER ENCODED DATA BITS - Google Patents

Abstract

Abstract: Quadruple modulated signals are generated from data pulses by using a first modulator (QPSK) of quadruple abrupt phase shift to encode the first pair of information pulses in one of four carrier signal phases, thus generating the first signal QPSK The second modulator QPSK decodes the second pair of The data pulses into one of four carrier signal phases, thus generating the second QPSK signal. The first QPSK signal is amplified to the first power level, and the second QPSK signal is amplified to the second power level. The first and second amplified signals are then combined to generate a signal in which the four data pulses are encoded. In another embodiment of the invention, a new type called OQPSK modulation is used, instead of the first and second QPSK modulators, to configure an OQAM transmitter. The OQPSK modulator encodes the data pulses by encoding the first subset of data pulses in the real section of a composite signal at one of the odd moments of the timer, and by encoding the second subset of the data pulses in the imaginary section of a composite signal at one of the even moments of the timer. OQPSK modulation provides the benefit that all signal transitions are constrained to paths around circles of fixed radius, thus producing spectral efficiency. Figure 5, 42

Description

Y encoded data bits transmitter Full Description BACKGROUND The presented invention relates to the transmission of digital data over channels of limited bandwidth, such as wireless communication channels for telephone lines. For example, digital data can include digitally encoded sound. ° Quad value modulation (QAM) is known to include the encoding of data pulses into composite vector signals that can take both real and virtual parts and one of many levels. . For example (JE) Both the real and imaginary partitions in 160AM can take one of four equidistant values 1- 1 oF or Fo; the possible x points that appear in the set are called; they are shown in Fig. .)(1 As shown in Figure 11. Modulation according to this technique involves matching the four pulse-data values known as M323:30 and 5 to the characteristic values 0 of a composite signal. Shown in Figure 1(b) 160AM transmitter from the previous domain, to generate the above-described combination of the four pulse-data values.The first pair of M13.3 pulses is fed to the D/A converter digital-to-standard data 011 for the first pulse pair to determine which of the values 01 D/A transformer B3B, the four will be obtained by the real section. Feeds the second pair of pulses 1 for the second of 2 pulses to determine which of the 4 values the imaginary section will receive. Each of the transformers 017 011 D/A feeds their output to one of Low-pass filters (LV oY) vo The function of the 0117 Veo low-pass filters is to contain the transmitted spectrum by smooth transitions from one value to the next. Low © 0117 Yeo two filters (Nyquist) that have the property to end at regular sampling times after pulse change; The filter output will get exactly the value specified by the M3:33 input. The string real values 0019 were applied to the cosine modulator VY while the string imaginary values were applied to the sine wave modulator 25.110 Add the values of the modulated sine and cosine waves 119 IY at the summation point 111 to form a modulated composite carrier signal 11 which vo varies in both phase and value to maintain value changes; Previous domain requires amplification of these

Signal by linear power amplifier Ye 0 due to the Nyquist property of the low-frequency filters 011 0015 If you sample the output vector signal 1717 at uniform moments ADL) you will see one of the composite values 17 as shown In the grid graph in the form of: (). lead ° 160/14 transmission of the previous field A defect is that the NYO linear power amplifier is ineffective and that if it shows distortion or non-false mode; Maio will not see the set of points V1 desired output vector signal I YY the same as da all If the communication channel containing the low-pass filters is not 0117 vo categorically (Nyquist), the ISD interference will prevent the group from being seen 0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION SAM AA According to one aspect of the invention; an innovative transmitter is provided for transmitting quadruple value modulation using high-efficiency connected constant-curve transmitter power amplifiers better than linear amplifiers in which the first amplifier of the first level amplifies the signals consisting of the highest-signature ve pulses in QAM A second power amplifier of the lower power level amplifies the signals consisting of the ve least-significant ve pulses in 0/4. In one embodiment quadrupole-valued modulated signals are generated from the data pulses by using a first quadrupole abrupt phase shift modulator (QPSK) to encode the first pair of data pulses into one of the four carrier signal phases; Thus generating the first signal 00516. A second QPSK modulator stands for the second pair of data pulses in one of the four carrier signal phases; thus generating a second signal 00516. The first OPSK signal is amplified to the first © level; The second OPSK signal is amplified to the second power level. The first and second signals are then combined to generate the signal in which the four data pulses are encoded. According to a second appearance of the invention. A modern style is revealed; For spectrally effective modulation it has been named abrupt phase shift modulation (OQPSK) in which the data pulses are encoded alternately into cosine wave carrier signal levels and yo sine carrier signal levels. in gaa) embodiments; The data pulses are encoded by encoding the first-subset of the data pulses in the real section of a composite signal at individual moments of a timer; and by encoding a second subset of data pulses in the imaginary section of a composite signal at even moments

for the timer. OQPSK modulation provides the benefit that all signal transitions are constrained to smooth paths and circles of fixed radius; This allows for better spectral containment when fixed-curve amplifiers are used. According to a third embodiment of the invention “discloses an innovative quadrilateral value modulation transmitter © comprising two or more connected constant transmit power amplifiers which amplify the deflected QPSK.MSK or GMSK signals formed in series from pulses of prime clin lly is of lower importance than the code in 00/814. Brief explanation la gui ll You will understand the objectives and advantages of the invention after reading the detailed description together with the drawings in which 0 is: Figure 1(a) is a network diagram of a set of composite signal values generated from a transmitter 24 according to the previous field; Figure 1(b) is a graph of the 160/14 transmitter of the previous field; appearance ? is a phase diagram of a transmitter according to an embodiment of the invention; yo The figures “(a)-?”(e) show the signals and the set of points associated with the various points of intersection of an embodiment of the ingenious transmitter; Figure - is a diagram of a transmitter employing OQPSK modulation to provide 160AM deflected according to another aspect of the invention; and Figures #(a)-0(c) illustrate the signals and the associated set of points for the various 0 intersection points, one embodiment of the innovative deflected 160/11 transmitter. Detailed Description of the Invention (OY) The various features of the invention relating to shapes will be described; in which the slashes are defined with the same symbols indicated. appearance ? is a diagram of the Yoo transmitter according to an embodiment of the invention. One of the advantages of the Y transmitter is its ability to generate the 160AM point set even if amplifiers other than

° in the best representation; The quadrupole sudden phase shift modulator 701 (QPSK) receives two information from the pulses; BB and fixing them on a carrier guide according to common techniques. meaning; QPSK de send encodes two pulses on one of the four values of the vector g + 1 + by changing the real part I (or cosine element) between the values +1 and -1 according to the first information pulse and the imaginary part 0 (0 or sine element) between the values 0+ and -5 according to the second pulse of information. Since all four vectors that can be generated have the same value (i.e. 7/2 1,515); The signal output from the first modulator (QPSK Yo) can be amplified identically to the original by a constant-curve power amplifier YY at option can be a constant-curve power amplifier YF in addition to other types used when applying the invention; Power amplifier operating at oz saturation JA type-ba amplifier 0 type-b amplifier. The elements T and 0 appearing at the output of an amplifier with a constant curve 7007 are shown in Figure (a); The corresponding set of vectors is shown in Fig. (b). The remaining two information pulses are encoded into another QPSK group by the second modulator, 0 LY. 0 QPSK The output signal from the second modulator QPSK is then fed to the constant curve amplifier 0007 which identically amplifies this signal to a power level that is half that power ve to the first constant curve amplifier (YF) so that the value for the components 1 and © are equal to Jalal times 7 in that generated by the first flat-curve amplifier Yo¥. The amplified QT components that appear at the output of the second flat-curve amplifier YoY are shown in the form “(s). The group points generated at the output of the second straight-curve amplifier 7107 are then described by ea +1+[ : = and shown in Fig. D. 7 The output values of the first and second straight-curve amplifier 0097 7007 are then fed to the inputs of the means Combine these signals, such as the vector comparator 709 shown in Fig. ?. Moreover, the vector comparator 709 scales the first power signal from the second fixed amplifier the curve, Yo, by an amount equal to = with respect to the potential difference scale of the higher power signal from the first fixed amplifier, LY Fadl ) The additional inserted signal is then added to the higher power signal. Those Y gradations that can be achieved using a combination of latent and lossless networks such as the Yel directional comparator are limited to the values described by ATK? GK

l to achieve a relative scale equal to 2; The coupling coefficient A for the lower power signal should be equal to 8, then the coupling coefficient for the higher power signal should be equal to: Ng TE »> 13 3 Include the additional relative scale l = the lower power signal relative to the higher power signal with 0 scale Previous 7 Signal level relative to the high power signal Joins to generate a signal with a Y/Y level relative to that of the high power signal. Thus, the sign of the higher power joins in the values [Hi] with the sign of the lower power to further gradate to [YAH] to generate the sixteen LGD de gene in the real and imaginary parts, each of which takes one of the four values + 1,5 + 4,0, which then becomes a premium Therefore reduced by the overall scale of i output from the directional comparator is .0009 thus the set of points for the larger magnitude 3_3 0.9 + 1, ( 0 ( 0 ) the output values of the directional comparator are deposited » corresponding to the peak power level 2 2 3 7 (V3) a V3). This is equal to the sum of the powers of the amplifier. So; The coupling arrangement is 70010 AAS at the peak output power level. It is possible to use other distributions for an overall Y/Y scaling between the modulated signal in the high-importance pulse and that of the lowest-important pulse other than assigning = to power amplifier differentials and = to relative coupling. output capacity. Thus the group points (160AM) which are shown in the form “(e) are thus generated identically to the amsel despite the use of two (non-linear) fixed-curve 10.707 amplifiers in the innovative transmitter shown in fig. oF Smooth transitions between group points within the first and second QPSK modulators Wl Yao (Yo) are achieved by smooth transitions of 1 or Q 0 (termed linear filtering) or by smooth phase transitions from one point to the other. Linear is the deviation of the signal from a constant value between the group points, and the two non-linear amplifiers constant curve 707 7097 will distort these changes in value. Between times the spread of spectral energy spreads to places within adjacent vo channels.However, spectral containment of the transmission using the innovative 160AM transmitter

Better spectral capture than other previous field modulators suitable for use with fixed-curve power amplifiers. Distortion may also be reduced in power amplifiers by the use of well-known prior field distortion pre-treatment techniques such as those described in US Patent No. 01451599; of Oakland (op als incorporated herein by reference. In patent 0 of Oakland et al., a method of offsetting non-linear variations in a terminal amplifier having a shift function of Hy Hy (value and phase; respectively) incorporated in a radio transmitter is demonstrated with quadrilateral type for the purpose of linear numerical embedding, in which the units of the corresponding table (ST CT) store the numerical sine and cosine values (I (tear) < Q (teat) of the quadrilateral components defined by the given sign vector according to the value method of the transformation function Hy Hy For quadruple modulated wireless signals r (tear) 0 is calculated by memory addressing units that store a number of Hy Hp a also formed af sine and cosine of the addressable values Hy Hp just multiplied the computed values by The numerical values stored in the units of the lookup table (01; (ST) and in the reciprocal of the value of Hy as a result of (IN) obtained new modified values (teat) s (teat) oq for the quaternary components; which are equivalent to non- changes Linearity in the final amplifier. Lad It is possible to smooth shifts between the group of points in the constant value path. For example, 1 _ For example, the shift between the values [14 and -1] can be achieved in the QPSK group produced by the constant curve amplifier 707 By moving in slat) the clock hand at an angle of 908 degrees around a circle of radius +/2. On the other hand, the use of QPSK would require a shift to a diagonal counterpoint. Neither clockwise nor counterclockwise rotation by VA degrees around a circle of fixed radius provides good spectral containment compared to a shift through the origin; which © is a shift with a non-constant value which may not be satisfactorily handled by a constant-curve amplifier according to the AT aspect of the invention; a new modulation method named QAM provides an offset in which diagonal shifts are suppressed in the basic component of the QPSK signals. By changing the real and imaginary parts at alternating time intervals rather than at the same time This modulation in its most general form 0 has no property ob Data symbols correspond to one of a number of de gene points on the grid; but it does have the property that half of the parts of the underlying data are encoded into the real values of a composite signal obtained at about odd intervals of the data timer and half (AY) is encoded in

A

imaginary values for a vehicle signal obtained at; In this example; even periods of the timer; Certainly; naming alternating periods of the timer as 'odd' or 'even' is arbitrary; it is not intended to be deterministic. On the other hand, in continuation of the first example, solving the encoding or embedding of data by section sampling the parts of the imaginary section between real Led values of the signal at odd intervals, at timings which are imaginary at even timing intervals when andl is imaginary or otherwise averaged, and by sampling © the real section is averaged. but instead a set of imaginary or horizontal 'bars' at even times and a set of real or vertical 'bars' at odd times. For example, the deviant 00516 has only transitions between YH and Vj (meaning ; within 0 00 degrees) and has absolutely no diagonal shifts within VAL degrees e.g. from +1[ to -1g. Thus the transformations can be constrained to trajectories around circles of fixed radius. This constraint results in Steady-curve signals that can be amplified by high-efficiency Type-C power amplifiers, thus improving the spectral containment of the resulting 160/14 deflected signal compared to earlier field 160AM 5 modulation devices using non-linear amplifiers. [Yo] will now be described as [saa] Embodiments of the 5080 transmitter employing the 4-skew 160414. In this embodiment; The first offset QPSK modulator (£0) receives two pulses of information B By and embeds them on the Alls vector according to the innovative technique described above. i.e. one in the pulses, eg By denoted by changing the real part (1) or the cosine element ) between the values +1 and -1 at odd intervals of the data timer according to the value of the information pulse (By) and the other pulse (in this example Ys (By) is denoted by changing the imaginary section Q) or the sine element ) between the values g + and [- at the even intervals of the data timer according to the value of the information pulse By these two real and imaginary sections are joined embedded 00516 deflection 509 and the resulting signal is fed to a flat-curve amplifier EY since all transformations of this signal are constrained to paths around Circuits of constant radius, thus producing signals of a constant curve, can be amplified identically to the original by a constant curve amplifier EF vo which may be a high efficiency type-c amplifier The components 1 and 0 that appear at the output of the constant curve amplifier 507 are shown in Format #no).As explained above, this type of embedding does not result in a point set of vectors, as in the traditional 00516 embedding. Instead;

q

The real components take values of +1 at individual timer times when the imaginary components are averaged as shown in Figure *(b); The virtual components take values of g2 at even timings

For the timer when the real ingredients are medium; As shown in Figure # (c). The remaining two information pulses 1313 are encoded into another set of offset QPSK of vertical and horizontal bands by means of a second offset QPSK modulator 505. The output signal of the offset QPSK second modulator 4605 is then fed to the second fixed-curve amplifier 5097 which is identically of the original amplifies this signal to a power level that is half of that from the first straight-curve amplifier 4507 so that the values for the 1 and © components will be equal to 7 multiplied by those from the first straight-curve amplifier 507. The amplified 1 and © components that appear at the output of

0 The second flat-curve amplifier 507 is shown in Figure −go. The amplified vertical bars that appear during odd periods of the timer are shown in Figure *(e); the amplified horizontal bars that appear at the output of the second flat-curve amplifier 5 07 during even periods cial ) are shown in the form #(f).

The outputs of both the first and the second fixed-curve amplifier 407 4097 are then fed to the input of a means of collecting these signals; Jie directional comparator £09 shown in fig. 4. Bonus

| The directional comparator 509 then scales the lower power signal from the second curved constant amplifier ae by the quantity 7 which is proportional to the potential difference gradient of the higher power signal of £10. The technique described above for achieving this relative scaling of the comparator EF fixed first amplifier The curve then the graduated signal is added additionally to the directional LY power signal with respect to the higher figure rendering.

7 includes an additional proportional scale of 7 to match the lower power signal to the higher power signal bound with the existing ratio of 7 to match the signal level to the higher power signal; To generate a signal with a relative level of 1/? that of the higher power signal. Thus the higher power signal joins with the lower power signal to scale further to g+7/1 to produce the vertical (true) bands of *(g) shape during individual timer times; and the (imaginary) horizontal bars in the *(h) shape during even timer times. may be

ve the vertical bars assume any of four values +1,5 +1,5 which are further decreased by the overall scale i produced by the vector comparator £08 similarly; The strips loosen

: 1

E a 3 g which is further reduced by the overall scale 0 (1.9 kG) + horizontal any of the four values produced by the 509 vector comparator. By sampling the signal at the individual timer timing one of the six values may be determined ten different times. ad also at the even time of the corresponding timer in another aspect of the invention; For example the principles outlined above may be extended to a point group by adding a third or fourth high-pitched YOU amplifier having a +4 or OAM 0 curve; Scaled appropriately and scaled additionally using the output from the comparator units so that each etc. Considered ....:4/1:7/1:1 comparator contributing a portion of the group output to binary potential difference ratios such variations are in keeping with the scope and spirit of this invention as described by the enclosed claims. 1 It is well known in the field that QPSK is skewed; It has shifts of no more than 50° in the shall angle. This is easily due to its spectral containment when the vector path is constrained to follow the circle of a constant curve by smoothing the changes in angle. The rate-change of phase angle is by definition the instantaneous deviation of the signal frequency from its nominal center frequency. If the phase angle changes from one data pulse period to the next available location at a constant rate; meaning; by rotating the phase angle 1 through +95° over the span of one pulse; The equivalent frequency change is equal to one quarter of a turn per pulse period; or 8/; Hertz Cus 3 is the pulse-rate. Constant-rate phase changes cause the formation of a 000516 constant of the curve called minimum abrupt displacement (MSK) Angle changes in MSK occur at a constant smooth rate; but change; the instantaneous frequency derived from them; In a sudden, highly variable pattern where the direction of phase shift changes from clockwise direction to counterclockwise direction yo. So the angle is a continuous function; Also, its derivative (frequency) is a continuous function (but it has very variable abrupt steps); On the other hand, the frequency derivative has an infinite number of unconnected points (Dirac functions) at the points of its sudden step. : the rate at which the spectrum falls outside the required bandwidth of the signal is 631 per octet cel Jal, where N is the degree of the lowest degree derivative containing discontinuous points; ve therefore because the second derivative of the phase angle in this case of MSK contains non-contiguous points; The spectrum falls outside the bandwidth at a rate of 11 13 per octet.

11 by filtering the frequency waveform further to such an extent that abrupt steps of extreme change are replaced by smooth frequency changes; Non-connected points may have migrated from the second derivative of phase to higher degrees, thus causing the spectrum to backslide rapidly. On the other hand, there are limits to spectral containment whenever constant curve embedding is used; Because the actual components of the transmitted signal are proportional to the sine and cosine of phase; which are non-linear functions. It was found from the experimental results; 0 that under these conditions; Gaussian-modulated low-frequency filtering of the waveform Gaussian filtering with MSK gives the best achievable spectral containment; This variety is known for and is used in the European Digital Wireless Network System (GMSK) The lowest sudden offset is the GMSK set in fact (GSM) known as the worldwide mobile communication system resulting in bandwidth BT is a modulus of modulations that is described by the specified value 0

BT for information pulse duration Gaussian filter (pulse time period); 1. Values as small as -3dB provide tighter spectral containment at the expense that the signal will not fully reach the nominal set of points before a phenomenon known as "partial response" occurs; That makes resolving AD encoding a new path to fag the signal effectively more difficult. The trade-off between spectral containment and the partial response phenomenon is left to the designer of any particular system. 1 Other frequency-waveform filters such as Nyquist filters may be used; which ensures that the nominal points de gene the signal (at least as sent if not as received) pass completely through viz; It will not appear on a partial response. Form a ding any time a transition between a set of points is smoothed by filtering; Transformation (path) not only on the starting and ending points (the current pulse of information) but also on the ve past and received information impulses. The number of successive pulses of information on which the shape of the instrument depends is equal to the impulse response length of the filter. If this is a specified number of heartbeat periods

Care with limited impulse response; Then (FIR) as when the LL filter is used generates data as 1, of different path shapes; corresponding to all possible patterns of pulses. F = specifier equals binary, A. You may pre-compute vector shapes These are stored in the lookup table as a series of vo-shape samples. The samples may convert the LL waveform; and retrieve based on a modulated address using successive data pulses to generate standard 1's and 0's inline waveforms. Also may (D/A) retrieved From digital to standard

VY

The representation of a delta-sigma sequence pulse modulation da gall by storing D/A shapes omit transformers previously computed as described in US Patent Application No. 5070777 incorporated herein by reference. How has been explained above. A certain set of global embeddings is at least interrelated and the data is substantially represented by the same set of points GMSK and MSK 00086;© differ only in the forms of transitions between the set of points. Any of these embedding operations may be used in: The present invention to encode a pair of data pulses; The signals encoded by the different pairs of data pulses are then inserted and combined to form an innovative 14/2-offset signal. The invention has been described with reference to a particular embodiment. On the other hand; It would be readily apparent to Jal other than those skilled in the art that the invention is likely to be embodied in the preferred embodiment described above. This can be done without departing from the spirit of invention. The preferred embodiment is merely illustrative and should not be seen as limiting in any way. The scope of the invention is indicated by the appended claims; As well as the previous description; All changes and equivalencies that fall within the scope of the intended protection elements are included in that source

Claims (1)

VY Protections 1-1 transmitter for generating 4-modulated signals from data pulses; The Y transmitter includes: 1st quadruple phase shift means for encoding the first pair of data pulses in 1 of one of the four phases of a carrier signal; Thus generating the first “QPSK” signal ° The second 00516 means to encode the second pair of data pulses in one of the four phases of a 1-carrier signal; thus generating a second ¢OPSK signal l A first power amplifier to amplify the first QPSK signal to the first power level and feed the first amplified signal A at the output to the first power amplifier; a second power amplifier to amplify the second QPSK signal to the second power level and feed the second amplified signal 1 at the output to the first power amplifier; and 1 a combiner to combine the first and second amplified signals to generate a signal in which the four VY pulses of the data are encoded. 1 7”- The transmitter of claim 1 furthermore includes means for smooth transition in the first and second signals 00516 from one phase-coded value to another phase-coded value. 1 “7-Transmitter under claim ¥ in which the smoothing means include one or more Y low-pass filters. 1;- the transmitting device according to claim ¥ in which the means of smoothness include means of using; The previously calculated numbered waveforms are stored in a lookup table. 1©*-transmitter under the protection of in which the lookup table retains pre-computed Y waveforms previously aided by the distortion of the first two power amplifiers; the second; So the output 1 of the first and second 5 ging amplifier is on low distortion. 1 “1- The transmitter of protection 0, in which the first and second amplifiers are type-Y amplifier c. 1 7- The transmitter according to the protection element (Gus) in which the first and second amplifier is a type-B amplifier. VE 1 +- a device for encoding groups of data pulses into a composite signal for the purpose of transmission; Device Y comprises: v means to encode the first-subset of data pulses within the real section of a composite 1 signal at one of the individual moments of the timer; and ° means to encode the second subset of data pulses within the imaginary section of a 1-component signal at one of the even moments of the timer. 1 4 Device under oA protection wherein: The means for encoding the first sub-group of 3 data pulses do not include means for selecting one from a number of predetermined signal values according to the polar values of a pulse from the first sub-group of 3 data pulses; The means for encoding the second subset includes means for selecting one of a number of pre-determined signal 1 values according to the polarity values of the pulse from the second subset of 7 data pulses. -01 1 device Wh of claim 9; where the preset signal values are equal-spaced x with respect to each other. -11-1 A device for encoding a group of data pulses into a composite signal for the purpose of transmission; The device Y comprises: v means to encode the first pair of data pulses in the first skew quadruple abrupt phase shift (OQPSK) signal; 0 means to encode the second pair of data pulses into the second ¢OQPSK signal Jf 1 power amplifier to amplify the first 000516 signal to the first power level; l A second power amplifier to amplify the second OQPSK signal to the second power level; And A | Combiners for the purpose of combining the output of the first and second amplifiers to generate a composite vector modulated signal 4 in which the four data pulses are encoded. -1” 01 The device pursuant to additional Clause 1 includes smoothing means for the purpose of smoothing 0 transitions in the first and second 008816 signals from one value of an encoded signal to another value. y of a coded signal; Accordingly the spectral fit and the composite vector's inline signal are obtained. 101 \o 1 ?1- Device Wiha for protection element VY in which smoothness means include at least one Y low-pass filter for smooth transitions of the first and second 000816 signals from one dad of a coded signal to another value of a coded signal. 14-1 The device according to the claim OY, where the smoothing means include the means for the purpose of using the Y transformation in the digital router shapes; The previously calculated stored smooth transitions of the first and second OOPSK signals from one value of an encoded signal to another value of an encoded signal. -1#1 device according to claim 046 wherein the shift in the stored digital waveforms Y has been pre-compensated with distortion in the first and second power amplifiers so that the amplified signals 1 emitted by the first and second power amplifiers have substantially reduced distortion. -11-1 The device according to the protection element, AY, in which the transformations of the transformation in the forms of the digital router, Y, follow a fixed value path. -117 1 device under protection OT in which the constant value path was configured by using Y Gaussian Minium Shift Keying. YA 1 device under protection VY) in which it has two amplifiers The first and second power are fixed-curve Y power amplifiers. 1 ?1- device lids of protection OY) in which the first and second power amplifiers are operated at Y saturation of the output. -710 1 The device of protection VY) in which the first and second power amplifiers are Y type-C amplifiers. - 1 1?- The device according to the protection element VY, in which the first and second power amplifiers are Y type-B amplifiers. -YY 1 method for generating quaternary value modulated signals from data pulses; The method includes: Using quadruple abrupt phase shift (QPSK) to encode the first pair of data pulses into 1 of the four phases of the cAlalall signal thus generating the first QPSK signal Using QPSK to encode the second pair of pulses The data is in one of the four phases of the carrier 0 signal, thus generating AG ¢QPSK signal 1 Generating the first amplified signal by amplifying the first QPSK signal to its first magnitude; y generates the second signal amplified by the second QPSK signal to the second power level; and A combine the first and second amplified signals to generate a signal in which the four pulses 9 symbolize the data. 1*7- The method according to Claim 77 furthermore includes the step to smoothly shift in Y the first and second QPSK signals from one of the phase-coded values to another coded value of 1 for phase. 1 0,7- Transmitter under protection YY in which the smooth step includes the step to use Y one or more low-pass filters to smoothly shift the first and second QPSK signals from one phase-coded value to another coded value to develop. 1©*?- method according to claim YY wherein the smoothness step includes the step to use the previously computed numeric “-vector shapes stored in the lookup table to smooth the transformation of the first and second signals 1 from one phase-coded value to another phase-coded value 1 1?- The method according to the protection element (V0), where the lookup table contains pre-calculated waveforms 0 that were previously modified to reduce the distortion that occurs in the steps to generate the first and second signals and for the amplifier. 1 77”- The method according to the element Protection (YY where: Y includes the step to generate the first in-step amplified signal to use the first type-c amplifier to amplify the first QPSK signal to its first power level; and includes the step to generate the second in-step amplifier signal to use the second type-c amplifier 78- The method according to claim 77 where: 1 includes the step to generate the first amplified signal on the step of using the first type-B amplifier to amplify the first QPSK signal to The first power level; and 1 includes the step to generate the second amplified signal on the step to use the second type-B amplifier to amplify the second QPSK signal to the second power level. 1 ??- a method of encoding a group of data pulses into a composite signal for the purpose of transmission; It includes steps from: Yodo for ' 1 encoding the first-subset of data pulses within the real section of a composite signal at one of the individual moments of the timer; and encoding the second subset of the data pulses in the imaginary section of a composite signal at one of the even moments of the timer. -*1 00 method according to claim 749; wherein: the step to encode the first sub-group does not involve selecting one from a number of predetermined ¥-signal values according to the polar values of a pulse from the first sub-group of data pulses; The step for encoding the second sub-group includes selecting one of a number of predetermined signal values according to the polar values of a pulse from the second sub-group of data pulses. -*1*1 The method according to the claim “Fv” in which the previously specified signal values are equidistant to each other. 1 ?©- A method for encoding a group of data pulses into a composite signal for transmission purpose comprising Y steps from: 1 encoding the first pair of data pulses into a quadruple abrupt phase shift OQPSK signal; Encode the second pair of data pulses into the ¢OQPSK signal ° Amplify the first 000516 signal to the first power level using the first power amplifier; 1 amplify the second signal 000516 to the second power level using the second power amplifier; and v combine the outputs of the first and second power amplifier to generate a composite vector modulated signal in which A is the four data pulses encoded. 1 *©- method according to claim FY furthermore includes the step for smooth transitions in 0 the first and second signals 000516 from one encoded value of a signal to another encoded value of a signal; v By this, spectral containment of the composite vector modulated signal is achieved. 1 4 ;*- The method according to the FY protection element, in which the smoothing step includes the use of a low-frequency Y filter to smooth the transitions in the first and second signals 000516 from one encoded value of a signal to another encoded value of a signal. Ya 1 © *- The method according to the FY claim, in which the smoothness step includes the use of Y transformations of positive forms previously calculated digital and stored to smooth the transitions in the two signals OQPSK Jv and the second from a value encoded for a signal to another value encoded for a signal . 1 “?-method according to claim Fo wherein transformations of stored digital as gall shapes are pre-adjusted 0 for distortion in the first and second power amplifiers to the extent that the amplified signals 1 emitted by the first and second power amplifiers contain substantially reduced distortion. 1 7”- The method according to the protection element FF, in which the transformations of the digital waveforms of the transformation follow the Y path of a fixed value. 1 8/©- The method according to the FY claim in which the fixed value path was formed using the inclusion of Y abrupt minimum Gaussian offset. : -va 1 method according to claim (FY) in which the first and second power amplifiers are constant-curve power amplifiers Y. 1 46- The method according to claim FY in which the first and second power amplifiers are switched on at Y output saturation 1 4910- The method according to the claim FY in which the first and second power amplifiers are Y amplifiers from TES C 1 47- The method according to the claim FY in which there are two amplifiers The first and second powers are two Y-type amplifiers.