SA515370118B1 - جهاز جراحة كهربي مخصص لاستئصال كتلة نسيجية من الجسم لمريض من البشر أو الحيوان - Google Patents
جهاز جراحة كهربي مخصص لاستئصال كتلة نسيجية من الجسم لمريض من البشر أو الحيوان Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- SA515370118B1 SA515370118B1 SA515370118A SA515370118A SA515370118B1 SA 515370118 B1 SA515370118 B1 SA 515370118B1 SA 515370118 A SA515370118 A SA 515370118A SA 515370118 A SA515370118 A SA 515370118A SA 515370118 B1 SA515370118 B1 SA 515370118B1
- Authority
- SA
- Saudi Arabia
- Prior art keywords
- aforementioned
- generator system
- active electrode
- tissue mass
- signal
- Prior art date
Links
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 title claims description 7
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 title description 5
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000581364 Clinitrachus argentatus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019687 Lamb Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 25
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000036407 pain Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000002260 Keloid Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000001117 keloid Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000017074 necrotic cell death Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241001136792 Alle Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010002091 Anaesthesia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000032544 Cicatrix Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010023330 Keloid scar Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010029098 Neoplasm skin Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000000453 Skin Neoplasms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037005 anaesthesia Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940030225 antihemorrhagics Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010892 electric spark Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008029 eradication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007274 generation of a signal involved in cell-cell signaling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000025 haemostatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009545 invasion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000028161 membrane depolarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000004400 mucous membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052756 noble gas Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002835 noble gases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000399 orthopedic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 244000045947 parasite Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003071 parasitic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002980 postoperative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002271 resection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000241 scar Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000037387 scars Effects 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 210000004872 soft tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000859 sublimation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008022 sublimation Effects 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/042—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating using additional gas becoming plasma
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/1402—Probes for open surgery
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00571—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body for achieving a particular surgical effect
- A61B2018/00577—Ablation
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
- A61B2018/00702—Power or energy
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
- A61B2018/00726—Duty cycle
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
- A61B2018/00732—Frequency
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
- A61B2018/00761—Duration
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00898—Alarms or notifications created in response to an abnormal condition
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/0091—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
- A61B2018/00916—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
- A61B2018/00922—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device by switching or controlling the treatment energy directly within the hand-piece
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/0091—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device
- A61B2018/00916—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device
- A61B2018/00958—Handpieces of the surgical instrument or device with means for switching or controlling the main function of the instrument or device for switching between different working modes of the main function
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
- A61B2018/122—Generators therefor ionizing, with corona
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B2018/1405—Electrodes having a specific shape
- A61B2018/144—Wire
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT000368A ITTO20130368A1 (it) | 2013-05-08 | 2013-05-08 | Apparecchio di elettrochirurgia, in particolare per l'ablazione di una massa tissutale dal corpo di un paziente umano od animale. |
| PCT/IB2014/061289 WO2014181279A1 (en) | 2013-05-08 | 2014-05-08 | Electrosurgery apparatus, in particular for ablation of a tissue mass from the body of a human or animal patient |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SA515370118B1 true SA515370118B1 (ar) | 2018-05-14 |
Family
ID=48748451
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SA515370118A SA515370118B1 (ar) | 2013-05-08 | 2015-11-08 | جهاز جراحة كهربي مخصص لاستئصال كتلة نسيجية من الجسم لمريض من البشر أو الحيوان |
Country Status (12)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10327831B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP2994065B1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP6374952B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20160029015A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN106456234B (enExample) |
| AU (1) | AU2014264262B2 (enExample) |
| BR (1) | BR112015028147B1 (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2911640A1 (enExample) |
| IT (1) | ITTO20130368A1 (enExample) |
| MX (1) | MX2015015420A (enExample) |
| SA (1) | SA515370118B1 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2014181279A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITUB20152393A1 (it) * | 2015-07-22 | 2017-01-22 | Otech Ind S R L | Apparecchio di elettrochirurgia per eseguire un’azione di taglio su tessuti di un corpo di un paziente umano od animale. |
| GB201708081D0 (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-07-05 | Alesi Surgical Ltd | Surgical assembly and system |
| CN111491434A (zh) * | 2019-01-25 | 2020-08-04 | 天津吉兆源科技有限公司 | 一种小型射频等离子体喷枪 |
| KR102254266B1 (ko) | 2019-02-11 | 2021-05-21 | 강호상 | 전기수술용 펜슬 |
| EP3928730A1 (en) * | 2020-06-25 | 2021-12-29 | Inbar Medical Ltd. | Devices for treating skin tissue using cold plasma |
| WO2023119283A1 (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-06-29 | Inbar Medical Ltd. | Devices and methods for treating skin tissue using cold plasma |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6206878B1 (en) * | 1999-05-07 | 2001-03-27 | Aspen Laboratories, Inc. | Condition responsive gas flow adjustment in gas-assisted electrosurgery |
| US6890332B2 (en) * | 1999-05-24 | 2005-05-10 | Csaba Truckai | Electrical discharge devices and techniques for medical procedures |
| US9215788B2 (en) * | 2005-01-18 | 2015-12-15 | Alma Lasers Ltd. | System and method for treating biological tissue with a plasma gas discharge |
| US8388618B2 (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2013-03-05 | Drexel University | Control of mucus membrane bleeding with cold plasma |
| US7655003B2 (en) * | 2005-06-22 | 2010-02-02 | Smith & Nephew, Inc. | Electrosurgical power control |
| WO2009080273A1 (de) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-02 | Farin Guenter | Plasma-applikatoren für plasmachirurgische verfahren |
| US8066704B2 (en) * | 2008-06-20 | 2011-11-29 | Linvatec Corporation | Suction ablator |
| JP5913983B2 (ja) * | 2008-12-02 | 2016-05-11 | バイオリテック ファーマ マーケティング リミテッド | レーザ誘起蒸気／プラズマ媒体の医療処置および装置 |
| WO2010107741A1 (en) * | 2009-03-16 | 2010-09-23 | Drexel University | Methods and devices for the treatment and prevention of malignancy in enteric diseases using non-thermal plasma |
| AU2010316657A1 (en) * | 2009-11-09 | 2012-06-21 | Ionmed Ltd | Plasma head for tissue welding |
| US20110319887A1 (en) * | 2010-06-23 | 2011-12-29 | Tyco Healthcare Group Lp | Electrosurgical Electrodes and Materials |
| US8636730B2 (en) * | 2010-07-12 | 2014-01-28 | Covidien Lp | Polarity control of electrosurgical generator |
| US8668687B2 (en) * | 2010-07-29 | 2014-03-11 | Covidien Lp | System and method for removing medical implants |
| US20120083782A1 (en) * | 2010-10-04 | 2012-04-05 | Arthrocare Corporation | Electrosurgical apparatus with low work function electrode |
| PL2497427T3 (pl) * | 2011-03-10 | 2020-05-18 | Erbe Elektromedizin Gmbh | Instrument chirurgiczny z cyfrowym złączem danych |
-
2013
- 2013-05-08 IT IT000368A patent/ITTO20130368A1/it unknown
-
2014
- 2014-05-08 CN CN201480041106.4A patent/CN106456234B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-08 US US14/889,548 patent/US10327831B2/en active Active
- 2014-05-08 KR KR1020157034800A patent/KR20160029015A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-05-08 MX MX2015015420A patent/MX2015015420A/es unknown
- 2014-05-08 JP JP2016512466A patent/JP6374952B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-05-08 WO PCT/IB2014/061289 patent/WO2014181279A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-05-08 CA CA2911640A patent/CA2911640A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-05-08 EP EP14731040.3A patent/EP2994065B1/en active Active
- 2014-05-08 AU AU2014264262A patent/AU2014264262B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-05-08 BR BR112015028147-8A patent/BR112015028147B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2015
- 2015-11-08 SA SA515370118A patent/SA515370118B1/ar unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2014264262A1 (en) | 2015-12-03 |
| EP2994065A1 (en) | 2016-03-16 |
| BR112015028147B1 (pt) | 2022-02-22 |
| US10327831B2 (en) | 2019-06-25 |
| CA2911640A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
| WO2014181279A1 (en) | 2014-11-13 |
| BR112015028147A2 (pt) | 2017-07-25 |
| JP6374952B2 (ja) | 2018-08-15 |
| ITTO20130368A1 (it) | 2014-11-09 |
| CN106456234A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106456234B (zh) | 2019-05-07 |
| KR20160029015A (ko) | 2016-03-14 |
| JP2016517760A (ja) | 2016-06-20 |
| US20160095645A1 (en) | 2016-04-07 |
| AU2014264262A2 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
| EP2994065B1 (en) | 2017-12-20 |
| AU2014264262B2 (en) | 2018-11-15 |
| MX2015015420A (es) | 2016-06-30 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| SA515370118B1 (ar) | جهاز جراحة كهربي مخصص لاستئصال كتلة نسيجية من الجسم لمريض من البشر أو الحيوان | |
| US9770285B2 (en) | System and method for identifying and controlling an electrosurgical apparatus | |
| US6740081B2 (en) | Electrosurgery with improved control apparatus and method | |
| ES2309684T3 (es) | Uso de un sistema de llave electrica limitador para un dispositivo de plasma para reestructuracion de tejidos. | |
| CN102006831B (zh) | 用于等离子外科手术方法的等离子体施加器 | |
| DE60023849D1 (de) | Chirurgischer generator mit doppelfrequenz | |
| JP2023011748A (ja) | 動的漏洩電流補償および動的ｒｆ片長を含む電気手術装置 | |
| KR20050040761A (ko) | 전기 전개술용 의료 시스템 | |
| GB2505789A (en) | Apparatus for removing surgical smoke using ionising electrodes | |
| JP2016500318A (ja) | 低圧プラズマを使用して生物組織を処置するための装置および方法 | |
| US20110071517A1 (en) | Electrosurgical system to generate a pulsed plasma stream and method thereof | |
| JP2020531061A (ja) | プラズマ治療器 | |
| JP2016517760A5 (enExample) | ||
| US20210153922A1 (en) | Device for treating endometriosis | |
| CN107847265B (zh) | 用于对人或动物患者的身体进行组织切割的电外科装置 | |
| EP3624713B1 (en) | Surgical assembly and system, and a dc voltage compensation circuit | |
| Qaiser et al. | Physics for surgeons-Part 4: Energy devices in surgery | |
| WO2002100255A3 (en) | Electromagnetic field surgical device and method | |
| Ray-Offor et al. | Energy Sources in Laparoscopic Surgery | |
| CN116761565A (zh) | 即使无接触也能治疗内部和/或外部组织的电外科器械 | |
| Brill et al. | Energy-based surgical devices |