RU99483U1 - RESOURCE SYSTEM OF THE GREENHOUSE COMPLEX - Google Patents

Abstract

 A resource system for a greenhouse complex containing a reactor block for biogas production, drying, purification and gas separation units, waste preparation and output products, piping and stop valves, characterized in that the system contains a mixing device for forming soil substrate used for cultivating plants in the greenhouse complex, and the methane obtained after the gas separation device through the gas pipeline is used to form thermal energy ogy to maintain the desired temperature in the greenhouse complex, wherein the water saturated with carbon dioxide, obtained after the gas separation device is supplied to the irrigation system of the greenhouse complex.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of biochemical technology and technical support of closed ground technology, namely, to a system for the deep processing of organic waste to produce biogas and can be used in the processing of municipal waste, forest waste and farms to obtain marketable quantities of target products and their use, including, as fertilizers and an alternative gas energy carrier containing methane, used for resource support of the greenhouse complex sa

A known system for processing organic waste containing a reactor unit for biogas production, a gas separation unit, pipeline and valves, control and management tools (Pantskhava E.S., Biogas technologies - a radical solution to the problems of ecology, energy and agricultural chemistry. Thermal Engineering, 1994, No. 4 , p. 36).

The disadvantages of the known system include the imperfection of the available means of controlling the thermodynamic parameters of the process of anaerobic decomposition of waste of various origins and the lack of methods for using biogas, in particular, commercial quantities of target products, including methane and carbon dioxide with the separation of toxic substances, for example, hydrogen sulfide.

The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a system for the integrated processing of organic waste, containing a reactor block for biogas production, drying, purification and gas separation units, means for preparing waste and output of processed products, pipeline and shutoff valves (RF patent No. 65048, published on July 27, 2007 , bull. No. 21 - prototype).

A feature of the known system is that the reactor block contains means for maintaining the level of operating temperatures and the concentration of gases in the waste mass, the output of the reactor block through biogas is connected through the drying, purification units and the storage receiver with the input of the gas separation unit, including at least one membrane contactor module for the selective separation of methane, carbon dioxide and additional components from biogas: in this case, the reactor block is made in the form of two vertically mounted containers, equipped with GOVERNMENTAL heater, stirrer axial pneumatically preparation means feeding waste exit of the gas, liquid and solid products of processing.

The known system is characterized by the absence of technical solutions for the use of target products obtained after anaerobic processing of organic waste.

The technical result consists in creating an environmentally friendly system of deep biochemical processing of organic waste of various nature using a more efficient anaerobic technology for their decomposition to obtain commercial quantities of target products used as fertilizers and biogas components containing valuable alternative energy sources, including methane, which are used for resource support of the greenhouse complex.

The technical result is achieved in that the resource system of the greenhouse complex comprising a reactor block for biogas generation, drying, purification and gas separation units, waste preparation and output products, piping and stop valves, characterized in that the system contains a mixing device for soil formation the substrate used for growing cultivated plants in the greenhouse complex, and methane obtained after the gas separation device through the gas pipeline It is used to generate thermal energy to maintain the required temperature in the greenhouse complex, moreover, water saturated with carbon dioxide obtained after the gas separation device is supplied to the irrigation system of the greenhouse complex.

Figure 1 presents a block diagram of the resource system of the greenhouse complex

The system resource system of the greenhouse complex of farms contains a reactor block made in the form of two vertically mounted tanks 1 for the production of raw biogas. The outputs of the biogas tanks 1 through the drying unit 2 and the cleaning unit 3 are connected to the input of the gas separation unit 4, which includes a dual recirculation contactor module in the form of an absorber (biogas - water) 5 and a stripper (water - air) 6 for selective separation of biogas into an air mixture with carbon dioxide and the target product of methane.

The water tank 7 provides water supply to the circuit of the gas separation unit 4, and the pump 8 is designed to pump water through the membrane system of the absorber 5 and stripper 6. The compressor 9 is designed to supply air to the stripper 6, as well as to other units of the system, including their purge.

The capacities of the reactor unit 1 have common means of preparation and supply of waste therein, including a container 16 for primary waste, a waste shredder 17, a waste water mixer 18 and a fecal pump 19 for supplying the prepared waste to the vessel of the reactor unit 1, which have a common electric water heater 20 to maintain the required level of operating temperatures in the working volume of containers.

The central nozzles in the lower part of the tanks of the reactor unit 1 are designed to discharge liquid waste after processing into a collection tank 21, and then into a solid waste collection box 22, from where they are fed to a mixing device 10 to form a soil substrate, a device for forming a soil substrate used for growing cultivated plants in individual bowls 12 in the greenhouse complex 14. Gaseous products from the absorber 5 of the gas separation unit 4 enter the highway 23 for supplying the methane combustion unit 11, from where it is warm Single energy is used to maintain the desired temperature in the greenhouse complex 14. The water saturated with carbon dioxide from the gas separation unit 4 is supplied to a greenhouse complex 14 on irrigation device 15.

The capacities of the reactor block 1 are equipped with heat-exchange jackets 13, the cavity of which is connected by nozzles to a common electric water heater 20. The units for the preparation of primary waste and the removal of recycled waste from the capacities of the reactor block 1 are made with the possibility of moving between the tanks 1 for their alternate servicing as biogas is generated.

The main units of the system, as well as units for the preparation of waste and their removal from the reactor block, are located in separate rooms equipped with supply and exhaust ventilation, equipment in the class of explosion-proof zone, as well as communications to prevent uncontrolled accumulation and leakage of biogas (not shown).

The resource system of the greenhouse complex operates as follows.

Preliminarily, the tanks of the reactor block 1 are washed with water, purged with air, and the drying block 2 is filled with silica gel to reduce the relative humidity of the raw biogas, and the purification block 3 with NaX type zeolite to remove the main impurities of hydrogen sulfide from the dried biogas. From the tank 16, previously filled with the waste of the livestock farm, manure is fed using a transporting device to the waste grinder 17 to prepare it for feeding into the mixer 18. In the mixer 18, the waste is mixed in the required ratio with water and, using the fecal pump 19, is fed into the reactor vessel block 1 as biogas is produced in each of them. At the same time, electric heating of the water heater 20 is switched on and hot water is supplied through the corresponding nozzles to the heat exchange jacket 13 of this tank, providing the necessary heating of the waste mass for anaerobic decomposition of organic raw materials.

In the proposed system, it is possible to carry out technological processing of various organic substances using thermophilic and mesophilic anaerobic decomposition of waste to produce biogas.

As raw biogas is released alternately from the capacities of the reactor block 1, it, under natural pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure, enters the blocks of its drying 2 with silica gel and purification 3 of hydrogen sulfide impurities. Then, the dried and purified biogas enters the gas separation unit 4 and into the main line to be sent to the consumer 23. The absorber 5 and desorber 6 are designed to selectively separate the incoming biogas into carbon dioxide and methane with additional components. Biogas is removed from carbon dioxide due to its selective penetration through the developed surface of the polymer membrane of the absorber 5 into the water stream, followed by its release from water due to its desorption into the air stream in the countercurrent stripper 6. The waste water with a high content of carbon dioxide is subsequently used in the greenhouse complex 14, for irrigation of cultivated plants using an irrigation device 15. After the biogas is generated in one of the tanks of the reactor unit, it is purified from processing waste, refueling a new portion of freshly prepared waste, and connecting a second capacity of the reactor unit to supply biogas to the gas separation unit.

The proposed system allows us to solve the problem of resource support of the greenhouse complex 14 by using all products of anaerobic processing of organic waste.

Purified at the outlet of the absorber 5 of the methane gas separation unit 4, it is supplied by the methane burning unit 11, from where the thermal energy is used to maintain the required temperature in the greenhouse complex 14. Water saturated with carbon dioxide from the gas separation unit 4 is supplied to the greenhouse complex 14 to the irrigation device 15, providing at the same time, the required humidity for plants also ensures the passage of the photosynthesis process.

The fermented substrate is fed to the collector 21, and then to the solid waste collector 22, from where they are fed to the mixing device 10 for forming the soil substrate, a device for forming the soil substrate used for growing cultivated plants in individual bowls 12 in the greenhouse complex 14.

The proposal allows you to create a fairly effective system of resource support for the greenhouse complex through the use of products of environmentally friendly deep biochemical processing of organic waste, including green mass, agricultural waste, livestock farms and forest products, aqueous solutions of lactate, malate and other organic raw materials to produce marketable amounts of biogas and final target products, including methane energy carriers, valuable derivatives in the form of fertilizers, and dioxide gleroda in aqueous solution, which provide resource requirement of the greenhouse complex.

Claims (1)

A resource system for a greenhouse complex comprising a reactor block for biogas production, drying, purification and gas separation units, waste preparation and output products, piping and stop valves, characterized in that the system contains a mixing device for forming a soil substrate used for cultivating crops plants in the greenhouse complex, and the methane obtained after the gas separation device through the gas pipeline is used to generate heat ogy to maintain the desired temperature in the greenhouse complex, wherein the water saturated with carbon dioxide, obtained after the gas separation device is supplied to the irrigation system of the greenhouse complex.