RU98687U1 - COMBINED SYSTEM FOR EXPLOSION AND FIRE SAFETY AND REDUCED LOSS OF OIL OR OIL PRODUCTS OF RESERVOIR PARKS - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A combined system for ensuring fire safety and reducing losses of oil or oil products in tank farms, comprising at least one tank connected to an oil and oil products discharge and loading device and equipped with an inert gas medium production system, a gas equalization system, and an inert gas medium maintenance system and a control and management system associated with the three above-mentioned systems, characterized in that it contains an automated closed gas generation system of nitrogen, filling with gaseous nitrogen the superfluid cavity of the tank when pumping oil or oil products from the tank, and also accordingly displacing into the closed system a mixture of gaseous nitrogen with light fractions of hydrocarbons of petroleum products from the superfluid cavity of the tank when filling it with petroleum products, while the automated closed system includes, at least a computer control unit and the following machines, equipment, etc., connected in a single technological line by pipelines Items: compressor and air receiver connected to it, non-return valve, air preparation unit, diaphragm air separation unit, non-return valve, nitrogen gas receiver, nitrogen gas pressure regulator unit with a bypass line and a valve installed on it, a pipeline with a nitrogen gas inlet valve the fuel cavity of the tank, a pipeline with a valve for removing from the fuel tank cavity of the gas mixture of nitrogen gas with evaporating light fractions of oil hydrocarbons, installation

Description

The utility model relates to the field of fire fighting equipment, namely, devices for preventing fires and ensuring environmental cleanliness, and can be used in the operation of tank farms and oil or oil products storage facilities, such as gasoline, oil, fuel oil, etc. in the chemical, petrochemical, oil refining, gas, automotive industries, marine and river fleets, as well as in the energy sector.

The well-known “Combined complex for ensuring explosion and environmental safety of tank farms and oil and / or oil product storage facilities” according to the description of the invention to RF patent No. 2372955, IPC class A62C / 06, B67D 5/04, published in BI No. 32 on November 20, 2009 ( one).

The essence of this invention is as follows. This complex contains a tank 1 with oil, connected to a device 2 for loading and unloading oil, a gas equalization system 15 with a pipeline "scattering candles" 16, a gas analyzer 22 connected to the atmosphere and a gas equalization pipe communicating with the tank 1 consisting of branches 18 and 20, connected in node 17 with a pipe 16 and a pipe 21 for supplying a safe mixture of oil and an inert medium; an inert gas environment maintenance system 3, a compressor 4, which is connected to a gas equalization pipe and to a condenser-cooler 6, which communicates through the compressor outlet 7 to a receiver 9 connected to a condensate return device to tank 1; a bypass line 13 with valve 14 circulating the safe mixture to prevent an unacceptable oxygen concentration from flowing through the pipe 16 to the tank; an inert medium production system 26 containing a nitrogen production station 27 connected through a nitrogen supply pipe 28 to a pressure regulator 30 with a receiver 29 and to a node 25 connected to a receiver 9, a discharge path 23 used in an emergency mode of exhausting the volume of the receiver 9, and an output path 7; monitoring and control system 32 associated with systems 3, 15, 26, as well as with valve 33 for supplying a safe mixture and inert medium 21.

At the same time, this device is quite complex in design, it is also necessary to constantly monitor the oxygen concentration in the system for producing an inert medium entering the fuel tank cavity of the oil tank.

The aim in the development of the proposed utility model is to develop a device design that provides explosion and fire safety and reduce the loss of oil and oil products in tank farms based on an automated closed system for generating gaseous nitrogen, filling the fuel cavity of the tank with gaseous nitrogen when pumping out oil or oil products from the tank, and accordingly displacing closed system of gaseous nitrogen mixed with light fractions of hydrocarbons oil product nadtoplivnoy cavity of the tank when filling it with oil.

The specified goal and technical result are achieved as follows.

The proposed combined system for ensuring fire safety and reducing oil and oil products in tank farms contains, like a well-known analogue, at least one tank connected to a device for draining and loading oil or oil products and equipped with a gas equalization system, an inert gas medium production system, and a system maintaining an inert gas environment and a control system associated with the three above systems.

But unlike the analogue, the proposed device contains an automated closed system for generating gaseous nitrogen, filling gaseous nitrogen with the fuel cavity of the tank when pumping oil or oil products from the tank, and also, correspondingly, displacing into the closed system a mixture of gaseous nitrogen with light fractions of hydrocarbons of petroleum products from the fuel cavity of the tank at filling it with petroleum products, while the automated closed system includes at least a computer The following control unit and the following machines, equipment and devices connected by a single technological line through pipelines: compressor and an air receiver connected to it, non-return valve, air preparation unit, membrane separation air unit, non-return valve, nitrogen gas receiver, nitrogen gas pressure regulator block with a bypass line and a valve installed on it, a pipeline with a valve for supplying nitrogen gas to the fuel cavity of the tank, a pipeline with a valve for the removal of fuel from the fuel the capacity of the tank of the gas mixture of gaseous nitrogen with evaporating light fractions of oil hydrocarbons, a unit for collecting light fractions of hydrocarbons, a tank for receiving trapped light fractions of hydrocarbons with a submersible pump connected through a pipeline to the tank, a check valve, a receiver with gaseous nitrogen purified from light fractions of hydrocarbons, a compressor connected via a pipeline to the entrance to the air treatment plant line.

The proposed combined system is configured to service a fleet of tanks with oil or oil products.

As an analogue of the proposed device, you can take the device according to the source of patent information (1).

The presented figure shows a structural diagram of the proposed combined system for ensuring explosion safety and reducing losses of oil or oil products in tank farms.

The proposed device contains the following machines, equipment, assemblies, devices and parts.

Connected to the compressor 1 (see figure): air receiver 2, non-return valve 3, air preparation unit 4, diaphragm air separation unit 5, non-return valve 6, nitrogen gas receiver 7, nitrogen gas pressure regulator unit 8 with a bypass line and installed on it valve 9, the pipeline supplying gaseous nitrogen 10, from which through the pipe 11 nitrogen enters through the valve 12 into the fuel cavity of the tank 13.

From the pipeline 10, gaseous nitrogen enters, respectively, through the pipeline 14 through the valve 15 to the fuel chamber of the tank 16, and also through the pipe 17 through the valve 18 to the fuel chamber of the tank 19. From the fuel cavities of the tanks 13, 16, 19 a mixture of gaseous nitrogen with evaporating light hydrocarbon fractions oil when filling the tanks with oil, it is possible through the pipelines 20, 21, 22, respectively, through the valves 23, 24, 25 to be displaced into the installation 26 for capturing light fractions of hydrocarbons. And the trapped liquid hydrocarbon fractions from the installation 26 through the pipeline 27 enter the tank 28, and from there, using a submersible pump 29, are pumped, for example, into the tank 19.

From the installation 26, after trapping the light hydrocarbon fractions, nitrogen gas purified from the light hydrocarbon fractions through the pipe 30 through the check valve 31 enters the receiver 32 and then by the compressor 33 through the pipe 34 through the check valve 35 enters the air treatment unit 4. In the fuel chamber of the tanks 13, 16, 19, safety valves and devices 36 for monitoring oxygen concentration and pressure in the fuel chamber of the tanks are installed. The permissible concentration of oxygen in the composition of gaseous nitrogen must not exceed the limit value that ensures explosion and fire safety and is determined separately for each oil product.

The proposed device operates according to a given program through a computer unit for automated control 37.

The proposed integrated system for ensuring fire safety and reducing losses of oil or oil products in tank farms has the ability to function in the following modes.

1. Pumping oil or oil products from a reservoir or group of reservoirs.

2. Filling a tank or group of tanks with oil or oil products with parallel pumping from another tank or group of tanks.

3. Filling a tank or group of tanks with oil or petroleum products.

In the mode of pumping oil or oil products from the tank 13, for example, the volume of the fuel cavity in the tank increases, as a result of which the pressure in the gas cavity decreases and the automatic control system (ACS) 37 sends a signal to open the valve 12, resulting in gaseous nitrogen from the receiver 7 through a pressure regulator 8, providing an allowable pressure in the fuel cavity of the tank 13 through the pipe 11 through an open valve 12 enters the fuel cavity of the tank 13.

The valves 15, 18, 23, 24, 25 are closed. When the pressure in the receiver 7 drops below the technologically permissible level, the ACS 37 gives a signal to turn on the air compressor 1, the air from the compressor enters the receiver 2 and through the air preparation unit 4 enters the air separation membrane unit 5, where it is separated into gaseous oxygen and nitrogen. Gaseous nitrogen enters through the check valve 6 into the receiver 7. When the receiver 7 reaches the maximum allowable pressure, the ACS 37 generates a signal to stop the compressor 1.

After the pumping of oil or oil product from the tank 13, the ACS 37 gives a signal to close the valve 12. In this case, the entire cavity of the tank 13 remains filled with neutral explosion-proof gaseous nitrogen. The operation of this combined system in the mode of pumping oil or oil products from reservoirs 16, 19, as well as any combination of 13, 16, 19, occurs in a similar way, while the corresponding valves 12, 15, 18 open.

In another mode of pumping oil or oil products from the reservoir 13 while filling the reservoir 16, for example, the volume of the gas cavity of the reservoir 13 increases, respectively, the pressure in this cavity decreases, and the volume of the gas cavity in the reservoir 16 decreases and the pressure increases. ACS 37 provides command signals to open the valves 12 and 24, while the valves 15, 18, 23 and 25 are closed. As a result, nitrogen gas (an inert gas mixture with an admixture of a small amount of oxygen within acceptable limits) from the receiver 7 through the pressure regulator 8 through pipelines 10 and 11 through the open valve 12 enters the gas cavity of the reservoir 13. The gas mixture containing the evaporated light fractions of hydrocarbons from the gas cavity of the reservoir 16 through the pipeline 21 through the open valve 24 enters the installation 26 for capturing light fractions of hydrocarbons. At the installation 26, light hydrocarbon fractions are separated from the gas mixture and enter the tank 28, and the remaining gas mixture through the check valve 31 enters the receiver 32.

In order to not exceed the permissible pressure value in the gas tank 16, the gas mixture from the receiver 32 is pumped out by the compressor 33 and through the pipe 34 it enters the air treatment unit 4, then it is subjected to additional cleaning at the membrane separation unit of air 5 and through the check valve 6 an inert mixture (gaseous nitrogen) enters the receiver 7.

When the pressure in the receiver 7 is lower than the technologically permissible level, the ACS 37 performs operations and commands in an order similar to the mode of pumping oil or oil products from the tank. When the pressure of the inert gas mixture in the receiver 7 is exceeded, the excess pressure through the safety valve is discharged into the atmosphere. When filling the tank 28 with the trapped liquid fractions of hydrocarbons to the maximum acceptable level, the ACS 37 gives a signal to turn on the submersible pump 29 for pumping these hydrocarbons of oil products into the tank 19, while the level of the spill in the tank 19 should provide the necessary amount of oil.

After the completion of pumping oil or oil products from the tank 13, the control system 37 sends a signal to close the valve 12, and after the completion of the loading of oil or oil products into the tank 16 the control system 37 sends a signal to close the valve 24. The operation of this combined system in the mode of pumping oil or oil from one or several reservoirs 13, 16, 19, as well as filling one or more reservoirs with oil in any combination, is performed in the same way, while the corresponding valves 12, 15, 18, 23, 24, 25 open.

In the mode of filling with oil or oil products of the tank 13, the volume of the fuel gas cavity decreases and, accordingly, the pressure in this cavity rises. ACS 37 gives a command to open the valve 23, while the valve 12, 15, 18, 24, 25 are closed. In this case, the gas mixture containing the evaporated light hydrocarbon fractions, through a pipe 20 through an open gate valve 23, enters the light hydrocarbon capture unit 26, where the light hydrocarbon fractions are separated from the gas mixture and enter the tank 28, and the remaining purified gas mixture through the check valve 31 enters the receiver 32. In order to prevent exceeding the permissible pressure in the gas cavity of the tank 13, the gas mixture from the receiver 32 is pumped out by the compressor 33 and through the pipeline 34 course setting 4 Air Preparation, additional purification takes place on a membrane air separation unit 5 and check valve 6 through an inert gas mixture is fed into the receiver 7. When the pressure of inert gas mixture in the receiver 7 through the excess pressure safety valve is discharged into the atmosphere. When the tank 28 is filled to the maximum permissible level, the ACS 37 gives a signal to turn on the submersible pump 29 for pumping the liquid trapped fractions of oil products into the tank 19, while the level of pouring into the tank 19 should provide the necessary amount of oil.

After the filling of oil or oil products into the tank 13, the ACS 37 gives a signal to close the valve 23. The whole system in the oil filling mode of one or more tanks 13, 16, 19 in any combination occurs in the same way, while the corresponding valves 23, 24, open 25.

The proposed device is a combination of known technical devices and solutions, but in contrast to the analogue creates a new previously unknown technical result.

The source of information.

1. "Combined complex for ensuring explosion and environmental safety of tank farms and oil and / or oil product storage facilities" according to the description of the invention to RF patent No. 2372955, IPC class A62C / 06, B67D 5/04, published in BI No. 32 November 20, 2009

Claims (2)

1. A combined system for ensuring fire safety and reducing losses of oil or oil products in tank farms, comprising at least one tank connected to an oil and oil products discharge and loading device and equipped with an inert gas medium production system, a gas equalization system, and an inert gas medium maintenance system and a control and management system associated with the three above-mentioned systems, characterized in that it contains an automated closed gas generation system of nitrogen, filling with gaseous nitrogen the superfluid cavity of the tank when pumping oil or oil products from the tank, and also accordingly displacing into the closed system a mixture of gaseous nitrogen with light fractions of hydrocarbons of petroleum products from the superfluid cavity of the tank when filling it with petroleum products, while the automated closed system includes, at least a computer control unit and the following machines, equipment, etc., connected in a single technological line by pipelines Items: compressor and air receiver connected to it, non-return valve, air preparation unit, membrane separation air unit, non-return valve, nitrogen gas receiver, nitrogen gas pressure regulator unit with a bypass line and a valve installed on it, a pipeline with a nitrogen gas inlet valve a fuel tank cavity, a pipeline with a gate valve for removing a nitrogen gas gas mixture from the fuel tank cavity with vaporizing light fractions of oil hydrocarbons, installation capture of light hydrocarbon fractions, a tank for receiving trapped light hydrocarbon fractions with a submersible pump connected via a pipeline to the tank, a check valve, a receiver with nitrogen gas, purified from light hydrocarbon fractions, a compressor connected via a pipeline to the inlet to the air treatment plant. 2. The combined system according to claim 1, characterized in that it is configured to service a fleet of tanks with oil or petroleum products.