RU98432U1 - DESIGN FOR PREVENTING FROZEN GROUND DRINKING - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. Design to prevent frost heaving of the soil, including wells drilled in the soil under the structure and filled with a working fluid, characterized in that most of the wells are made in the form of rammed piles, formed by repeated penetrations of a pneumatic punch through a dry cement-sand mixture with subsequent final filling of the wells as a working fluid with cast concrete mixture, while the wells are fan-shaped until their compaction zones overlap with each other in the soil base over the entire depth of the reinforced layer, in the part of the wells with the cast mixture, reinforcement is placed, the upper ends of which are rigidly fastened to the upper ends of the reinforcement of the anchor descending wells filled with the cast concrete mixture and drilled to a depth sufficient to anchor and absorb the forces of frost heaving, and at least between the anchored piles one well is made in the form of a damper pile filled with an elastic waterproof material. ! 2. The design according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the anchor downhole wells L for anchoring is determined according to the dependence! L> 2H,! where H is the maximum depth of freezing of the soil. ! 3. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, for example, rubber crumb coated with bitumen waste, or plastic sealed containers, or closed cell polyurethane foam are used as waterproof material.

Description

The claimed technical solution relates to the field of construction and operation of buildings and structures, specifically, to protect against buckling of shallow foundations, pavements and building structures, in particular, entrance porches, ramps and blind areas surrounding buildings, to ensure their integrity from destruction by frost heaving .

The problem is that all of the above building structures are subject to deformation due to the increase in the amount of soil freezing in the cold season, located at the base of these structures. These soils are extremely moistened with water streams flowing from the roofs of buildings and when they freeze through exposed concrete surfaces, they freeze and bulge.

Existing measures to combat heaving in the form of replacing the underlying soil with heat-insulating materials can reduce its harmful effects. However, when repairing a porch or blind area, this measure is not applicable. In addition, artificial heat-insulating materials, as a rule, moisten over time and become heaving themselves. Water during this time penetrates into all voids and pores of thermal insulation and, subsequently, upon freezing, causes even greater structural damage. Thermal insulation materials have low strength characteristics.

The most effective measure to eliminate the above disadvantages is soil salinization (see, for example, Dolmatov BI, Lastochkin B.C. “Artificial salinization of soils in construction”. L. - M., 1966, p. 76).

For this purpose, the wells drilled under the blind area and under the porch are filled with a working fluid in the form of a saline solution, which provides a decrease in the freezing point of the soil to minus 21 ° C depending on the concentration of the solution.

The disadvantage of this measure is the decrease in the strength of the soil base, since the wells under the mud form mud cavities in the soil. While the soil is being absorbed by the salt solution, the well is drained by sludge, therefore, after this process, additional drilling and compaction of the soil base is required to restore the required soil density. In addition, the salinization process itself negatively affects the corrosion resistance of the concrete foundations of the buildings and the laid communications.

The proposed technical solution eliminates these disadvantages.

In the design to prevent frost heaving of the soil, including wells drilled under the structure and filled with a working fluid, most of the wells are made in the form of rammed piles, formed by repeated penetrations of a pneumatic punch through a dry cement-sand mixture with the subsequent final filling of the wells as a working fluid with cast concrete , while the wells are fan-shaped to overlap their compaction zones with each other in the soil base over the entire depth of the active layer,

in part of the wells with the cast mixture, reinforcement is placed, the upper ends of which are rigidly fastened to the upper ends of the reinforcement of anchor descending wells drilled to a depth sufficient to anchor and absorb the forces of frost heaving, for which the length of these wells L is determined according to the dependence

L> 2H,

where N is the maximum depth of freezing of the soil,

and in the intervals between anchored piles, at least one well is made in the form of a damper pile filled with an elastic waterproof material, for example, rubber crumb covered with bitumen production waste, or plastic sealed containers, or closed-cell polyurethane foam,

The number of reinforced wells depends on the hydrogeological conditions of the soil base of the protected structures.

The proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows the foundation and wall of a building 1, protected structures in the form of a porch 2 with a blind area 3, a number of wells drilled fan-shaped underneath them in the form of printed piles 4, Fig. 2 shows a part of wells 5 with cast concrete, where the reinforcement is placed, and next to the reinforced well 5, an anchor pile 6 is made, deepened by the design value, according to the given dependence. The upper ends of the reinforcement of wells 5 and 6 are welded together. Figure 3 shows part of the wells in the form of damping piles 7 filled with elastic material.

The implementation of the proposed technical solution is as follows.

After carrying out the required surveys with a view to studying the ground conditions that form the foundation of the protected structure and ensuring its integrity, a fan-piercing hole is made to fan-hole under the porch 2 and under the blind area 3, while the penetration is carried out in such a way that the sealing zones of neighboring wells overlap with each other. After several penetrations with tamping on the dry mix in the same well, it is filled with the cast mixture, forming a stuffed pile 4. Reinforcement is placed in some wells 5 with concrete mix. Near the mouth of each well 5, a deepened well 6 is drilled under the anchor pile, filled with concrete mixture and placement of reinforcement in it, which is rigidly fastened to the reinforcement of well 5. At least one well 7 is made in the spaces between the anchored piles with the placement of an elastic waterproof material in it.

The technical result provided by the given set of features is the complete elimination of the forces of frost heaving due to:

- firstly, compaction of the soil with the introduction of a dry mixture into the walls of the well by repeated penetrations by a pneumatic punch, which helps to eliminate pores and squeeze out water in the area of the porch and blind area;

- secondly, the introduction into the soil and filling of wells, first with a dry cement-sand mixture, and then with a cast concrete mixture, which, after setting and hardening the cement component, continues to gain strength over many years by cement hydration, i.e. absorb and bind ground water, causing the development of frost heaving forces;

- thirdly, the placement of elastic material in the soil, which helps to neutralize the radiation forces;

- fourthly, an anti-damming screen is created from a number of printed piles, which perceives the forces of frost heaving of the soil in the most unfavorable period of the year, when during heavy spring-autumn precipitation and night low negative temperatures through the exposed surface of the blind area, intensive formation of ice-ground mass occurs directly below it .

Claims (3)

1. Design to prevent frost heaving of the soil, including wells drilled in the soil under the structure and filled with a working fluid, characterized in that most of the wells are made in the form of rammed piles, formed by repeated penetrations of a pneumatic punch through a dry cement-sand mixture with subsequent final filling of the wells as a working fluid with cast concrete mixture, while the wells are fan-shaped until their compaction zones overlap with each other in the soil base over the entire depth of the reinforced layer, in the part of the wells with the cast mixture, reinforcement is placed, the upper ends of which are rigidly fastened to the upper ends of the reinforcement of the anchor descending wells filled with the cast concrete mixture and drilled to a depth sufficient to anchor and absorb the forces of frost heaving, and at least between the anchored piles one well is made in the form of a damper pile filled with an elastic waterproof material. 2. The design according to claim 1, characterized in that the length of the anchor downhole wells L for anchoring is determined according to the dependence L> 2H, where H is the maximum depth of freezing of the soil. 3. The construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, for example, rubber crumb coated with bitumen production waste, or plastic sealed containers, or closed cell polyurethane foam, are used as a waterproof material.