RU98320U1 - SYSTEM OF AUTOMATED CONTROL OF SOWING COMPLEXES - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. An automated control system for sowing complexes, comprising an indication unit interconnected by a communication cable, seed flow sensors, an air-seed flow fan rotation sensor, a shaft rotation sensor, seed availability sensors in the hoppers, characterized in that all the sensors contain microprocessors for primary signal processing and organization of data exchange with the display unit. ! 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the display unit automatically determines the number of monitored sensors. ! 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the display unit is equipped with an optimal set of indicators of emergency and normal modes with a wide viewing angle: indicators of emptying the bins, indicator of malfunction of the seed flow sensor, indicator of a clogged seed tube, indicator of rotation of the metering shaft, indicator of fan speed, indicator of the number of a faulty seed flow sensor or clogged vas deferens. ! 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that each sensor of the system: seed flow sensor, fan rotation sensor, metering shaft rotation sensor, hopper filling sensor is equipped with its own indicator, which signals the operator about the state of the sensor regardless of the display unit. ! 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that pictograms are used instead of marking on the display unit.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, to devices for monitoring and signaling the progress of the technological process by agricultural units, namely, monitoring the sowing of seeds.

Known seeding control system "Niva-23," containing interconnected seed sowing sensors, a track sensor and a monitor with a display and data processing unit ("Seeding monitoring system" Niva-23 ". Technical description and operating instructions, TU U 13947468.007- 98, LLC Poltava Engineering Group, Poltava, Ukraine).

This design allows you to control the accuracy of sowing seeds, receiving information about the norm and uniformity of sowing, speed and other technological indicators of the sowing unit. Possessing information about the characteristics of the sowing process, it became possible to influence their quality indicators. This system allows you to save seeds, improve the quality of sowing and increase productivity.

However, with certain advantages, this seeding control system has significant disadvantages:

- the system is not intended for use on wide seed drills with pneumatic seed feed.

- the data processing unit has a low information sensitivity, the supply and change of current information occurs after at least 16 meters, which reduces the efficiency of the system as a whole;

- the monitor display (liquid crystal indicator) has a small viewing angle, is unsuitable for use and storage at low temperatures, and has low resistance to mechanical damage;

- the system is equipped with a weak sound signal, which may not be heard during operation of the sowing complex;

- it is necessary to stop the unit for manual configuration of the system for agro-technical modes of the complex, which negatively affects the performance of the unit and creates inconvenience to the operation of the machine;

There is also a known “Rhythm” seed sowing control system, containing seed sowing sensors connected to each other and secured with special brackets on the seeder and tractor, a track sensor and a monitor with a display and data processing unit (RF patent No. 66145, IPC АСС 7/00 09.01 .2007).

This system monitors deviations from the recommended speed and provides information about it in the form of light and sound alarms, which positively affects such a parameter as the uniformity of sowing seeds.

With certain advantages, this seeding control system has significant disadvantages:

- the system does not control responsible rotating mechanisms;

- the use of sensors for blockage of capacitive-type seed tubes leads to false alarms when foreign objects, such as husks, water droplets, etc., pass between sensitive elements, as well as when the distance from the sensor case to the metal parts of the unit is not kept correctly;

- the use of sensors with the need for built-in installation leads to the mandatory cutting of the vas deferens, which reduces their mechanical strength and increases the installation time of the sensors.

- the use of an LED matrix module with insufficient brightness as a display reduces its visual susceptibility in bright sunlight.

A control device for sowing tillage complexes is known, which contains interconnected parameter display unit, data collection and relay unit, data collection and transmission unit, sensors for the presence of sowing materials, sensors for feeding grain and fertilizers and an input device for calculating coefficients (RF patent No. 26712, IPC HB04 3/46 05.22.2002).

This device allows you to automate the sowing process and improve the quality of sowing. This is achieved by the fact that the device provides a fairly complete control of the operating parameters of the units and assemblies and allows you to quickly inform the machine operator about their malfunction and their operating modes, and also allows you to continuously monitor such an important parameter as the seed sowing rate.

The described construction is the closest in technical essence and the achieved positive result to the claimed utility model and is taken as a prototype.

This device has significant disadvantages:

- the lack of individual control of each vas deferens reduces the reliability of control and the speed of eliminating clogging during sowing;

- the device does not control the rotation of the metering shaft;

- the complexity of the visual perception of the information panel associated with the small size of the indicators and markings and the need to recalculate the LEDs when searching for the corresponding clogged distributor.

Thus, the main disadvantages of the seed sowing system adopted for the prototype is the lack of reliable seeding control, due to the lack of clogging sensors directly on the vas deferens, insufficient information content, due to the inconvenience of visual perception of information on the display panel, insufficient system efficiency in case of malfunctions sowing process.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to increase the reliability, information content and ease of operation of the seeding control system.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the automated control system of sowing complexes, containing an indication unit interconnected by a communication cable, seed flow sensors, air-seed flow fan rotation sensor, shaft rotation sensor, seed availability sensors in hoppers, according to the utility model, all functional blocks contain a microprocessor for primary signal processing and organization of data exchange with the display unit, which allows optimizing data processing and transmission algorithms, min to imitate the number of communication lines, increase the reliability, noise immunity, information content of the system, reduce the size of its functional blocks and exclude intermediate blocks of data collection, relay and transmission from the system.

In addition, the display unit automatically determines the number of sensors controlled by the system, which makes the system suitable for operation on all existing sowing complexes with pneumatic seed feed.

In addition, the display unit is equipped with an optimal set of emergency and normal mode indicators with a wide viewing angle: hopper emptying indicators, seed flow sensor malfunction indicator, clogged seed tube indicator, metering shaft rotation indicator, fan speed indicator, number indicator of a failed seed flow meter or clogged seed tube .

In addition, the use of pictograms instead of marking on the display unit significantly increases the speed of visual perception.

In addition, each system sensor: seed flow sensor, fan rotation sensor, metering shaft rotation sensor, hopper filling sensor is equipped with its own indicator, which signals the operator about the sensor status regardless of the display unit.

The use of high-sensitivity acoustic-type seed flow sensors in the monitoring system improves the sensitivity and reliability of the system. The use of microprocessor data processing in the sensor allows achieving high reliability of the results and optimizing the algorithms for their transmission to the display unit.

Individual control of each vas deferens is carried out, which in practice reduces the time to eliminate clogging during sowing. The machine operator, being in the cab, receives complete information about the quality of the seeding in each row. Thus, the operational efficiency and reliability of the seeding control is significantly increased.

The combination of the above essential features of the proposed utility model is unknown to the author from the level of existing technology, which allows us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

The set of essential features of the claimed utility model can be repeatedly reproduced in industry and agriculture with the achievement of the goal of improving the reliability, information content, efficiency and ease of operation of the sowing complex, which allows us to conclude that the technical solution meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by the structural diagram in FIG.

The automated control system for sowing complexes contains, an indication unit (1), a rotation sensor for the air-seed flow fan (2), a rotation sensor for the metering shaft (3), hopper sensors (4, 5) and seed flow sensors (6) shown in FIG. . The listed system elements are connected by cabling and mounted on the seeder and in the cab of the machine operator.

The system operates as follows:

The display unit (1) is installed in the vehicle cabin in a place convenient for the operator. The rotation sensor of the fan of the air-seed flow (2) and the rotation sensor of the metering shaft (3) are mounted on special brackets with a given clearance near the magnets mounted on the rotating parts of the fan and shaft. Hopper fill sensors (4) and (5) into the hole in the outer wall of the hopper. Seed flow sensors (6) - on the vas deferens using threaded clamps. The components of the system are connected using a cable that transfers power and information.

The display unit (1) collects and processes information from all sensors of the system and displays the received information on the display in a form convenient for the operator.

The system allows you to fully monitor the entire technological cycle of sowing and to carry out quick troubleshooting. To attract the attention of the operator, the system duplicates the fault indication with an audio signal.

Full and accurate information about the progress and quality of sowing seeds, both for each row and for the field as a whole, allows you to quickly influence the sowing process.

Thus, the claimed utility model provides increased reliability, information content and ease of operation of the control system for sowing seeds.

Claims (5)

1. An automated control system for sowing complexes, comprising an indication unit interconnected by a communication cable, seed flow sensors, an air-seed flow fan rotation sensor, a shaft rotation sensor, seed availability sensors in the hoppers, characterized in that all the sensors contain microprocessors for primary signal processing and organization of data exchange with the display unit. 2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the display unit automatically determines the number of monitored sensors. 3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that the display unit is equipped with an optimal set of indicators of emergency and normal modes with a wide viewing angle: indicators of emptying the bins, indicator of malfunction of the seed flow sensor, indicator of a clogged seed tube, indicator of rotation of the metering shaft, indicator of fan speed, indicator of the number of a faulty seed flow sensor or clogged vas deferens. 4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that each sensor of the system: seed flow sensor, fan rotation sensor, metering shaft rotation sensor, hopper filling sensor is equipped with its own indicator, which signals the operator about the state of the sensor regardless of the display unit. 5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that pictograms are used instead of marking on the display unit.