RU97431U1 - HYDRAULIC SHOCK DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

 A hydraulic shock device, comprising a housing, a hammer having pistons and a rod, a pneumatic accumulator, a cocking and overflow chamber, a pressure and drain hydraulic line, a distribution unit with a control cavity and an elastic locking-regulating element, characterized in that radial channels with annular grooves on the side of the overflow chamber, and the control cavity of the distribution unit is connected by a hydraulic line to one of the radial channels, and the remaining radial channels are equipped with plugs.

Description

The utility model relates to construction, mining, road engineering, in particular, to hydraulic percussion devices used as replaceable attachments of active action to the basic machines for the development of soils (demolition, ramming) by impulse loads.

A percussion device is known (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1661399 A1, class E21C 3/20, 1991), including a housing with channels, a striker, cocking and overflow chambers, accumulators, a spool distribution device, drain and pressure pipes communicating with the cocking and overflow device chambers and spool valve.

The disadvantage of this device is the complexity of the design of the percussion device caused by the presence of a slide valve to ensure the operation of the hammer.

Also known is a hydraulic percussion device (USSR Author's Certificate No. 685819, class E21C 3/20, E02F 9/22, 1979), which includes a body, a hammer, a distribution unit with an elastic locking and regulating element, cocking and overflow chambers.

The disadvantage of this device is the limited possibility of its application, due to the fact that the stroke size of the striker depends on the longitudinal dimensions of the cylindrical elastic locking-regulating element.

The closest solution of the known technical nature is a hydropercussion device (USSR Author's Certificate No. 863854 class E21C 3/20, E02F 9/22, 1981), comprising a housing, a hammer, having pistons and a rod, a pneumatic accumulator, cocking and overflow chambers, distribution unit with a cylindrical locking and regulating element, pressure and drain hydraulic lines.

The disadvantage of this device is that it does not provide a change in the magnitude of the stroke of the striker, and, consequently, the frequency, energy of impacts and impact power, which limits the possibility of using a hydropercussion device in the development of various types of soils and materials.

The technical task of this utility model is to increase the efficiency of soil development and to ensure the regulation of the frequency and energy of impacts of a hydropercussion device by changing the stroke value of the hammer.

To solve this problem, in a hydraulic percussion device containing a housing, a hammer with a piston and a rod, a pneumatic accumulator, a cocking and overflow chamber, a pressure and drain hydraulic line, a distribution unit with a control cavity and an elastic locking-regulating element, radial channels with annular rings are made along the housing grooves from the overflow chamber, and the control cavity of the distribution unit is connected by a hydraulic line to one of the radial channels. The remaining radial channels are equipped with plugs.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, where in Fig.1 shows the proposed hydraulic percussion device, Fig.2 - distribution unit in the open state, Fig.3 - distribution unit in the closed state.

A hydraulic shock device includes a housing (1), a hammer (2) with pistons (3), (4) and a rod (5), a pneumatic accumulator (6), a cocking (7) and overflow (8) chambers, a pressure head (9) and a drain (10) hydraulic lines. Along the generatrix of the housing (1) there are made radial channels (11) with annular grooves (12) from the overflow chamber (8).

Outside the housing (1) between the cocking (7) and overflow (8) chambers there is a separate module, a distribution unit (13) with a control cavity and an elastic locking-regulating element. The distribution unit (13) is shown in FIG. 1 in the form of a hydraulically controlled choke.

The distribution unit (13) includes (see Fig. 2) a housing (14), channels for supplying (15) and liquid outlet (16), an elastic locking and regulating element (17), made in the form of a ring, a control cavity (18), the separator (19) of the channels for supplying and discharging liquid, made in the form of a disk. The channel separator (19) is located inside the elastic locking-regulating element (17), which has the ability to radially move between the control cavity (18) and the disk (19), forming an annular working cross section (20) for fluid to flow from the channel (15) ) to the channel (16).

The fluid supply channel (15) is connected to the charging chamber (7) and the pressure hydraulic line (9), and the fluid discharge channel (16) is connected to the drain hydraulic line (10) and the overflow chamber (8) of the hydraulic shock device.

The control cavity (18) is connected via a hydraulic line (21) with an installed throttle (22) to a pressure hydraulic line (9), and by means of a hydraulic line (23) it is connected to one of the radial channels (11) (see Fig. 1). The remaining radial channels (11) (two are shown in the drawing) are provided with plugs (25).

The operation of the hydraulic impact device is as follows (see figure 1). From the pressure hydraulic line (9) from the pump of the base machine (for example, an excavator), the working fluid is supplied to the cocking chamber (7) and through the annular cross-section (20) (see Fig. 2) to the drain hydraulic line (10). At the same time, the liquid through the channel (21), the throttle (22) is fed into the control cavity (18), while the annular cross-section (20) is overlapped by an elastic locking-regulating element (17) (see Fig. 3). There is a platoon of the percussion device (idle striker (2)) and gas compression in the pneumatic accumulator (6).

At the end of the platoon, the piston (3) reaches the annular groove (12) and through the radial channel (11), the hydraulic line (23), the control cavity (18) is connected to the overflow chamber (8) and the drain hydraulic line (10). The pressure above the elastic element (17) drops, it deforms (expands), forming an annular cross-section (20) (see figure 2). Under the action of the compressed gas energy of the pneumatic accumulator (6), the striker (2) makes a working stroke, displacing the liquid from the cocking chamber (7) into the overflow chamber (8) and the drain hydraulic line (10).

The increase in pressure in the control cavity (18) is restrained by the throttle (22), which is a delay element in the channel (21). Next, the work cycle is repeated.

The proposed device allows you to adjust the magnitude of the stroke of the striker, thus changing the time of the duty cycle, and therefore the frequency of impacts. In addition, with a change in the stroke value of the striker, the degree of gas compression in the pneumatic accumulator changes, that is, the impact energy of the hammer is changed. This makes it possible to control the main output parameters of the hydropercussion device (energy, frequency of impacts and impact power) depending on the properties of the medium being developed, which increases the efficiency of the use of mounted equipment with an active effect.

Claims (1)

A hydraulic shock device, comprising a housing, a hammer having pistons and a rod, a pneumatic accumulator, a cocking and overflow chamber, a pressure and drain hydraulic line, a distribution unit with a control cavity and an elastic locking and regulating element, characterized in that radial channels with annular grooves on the side of the overflow chamber, and the control cavity of the distribution unit is connected by a hydraulic line to one of the radial channels, and the remaining radial channels are equipped with plugs.