RU97038U1 - EXTRUDER FOR PREPARING FODDER WEIGHT - Google Patents

Abstract

 An extruder for preparing the fodder mass, comprising a housing equipped with a loading funnel with pressing and feeding screws located in it, the last of which is made of an elastic strip in the form of a direct helicoid, and a chamber formed between the rear turn of the pressing screw and the front turn of the feeding screw is said bases turns of the screws, and the outer side surface is the inner surface of the housing, characterized in that in the housing, behind the pressing screw and coaxially with it with the possibility of axial movement With respect to the end of the pressing screw, a sleeve is installed, the hole of which is made expanding outward, the outer end of the pressing screw being provided with a conical head, and a guide made in the form of a sleeve with a concave-convex outer surface is installed in the chamber between the rear turn of the pressing screw and the front turn of the feeding screw. facing the feed auger.

Description

The utility model relates to feed production and can be used in the preparation of feed for feeding animals.

Known extruder for the preparation of feed mass, comprising a housing equipped with a loading hopper (funnel) with the pressing and feeding screws located in it, the last of which is made of an elastic strip in the form of a direct helicoid, with a gap covers the rear part of the shank made at the rear end of the pressing screw and fixed at the last rear turn, and a device for regulating the pressure inside the housing. At the same time, a chamber is formed between the rear turn of the pressing screw and the front turn of the feeding screw of the known extruder, the bases of which are the said turns of screws, and the side surfaces are the surfaces of the housing and the front of the shank. Moreover, the diameter of the shank of the known extruder is equal to the inner diameter of the rear turn of the pressing screw, and the pitch of the feed screw is greater than the pitch of the last [1].

A disadvantage of the known extruder is the increased energy intensity of extrusion due to difficulties in moving the raw materials into the pressing zone, as well as when removing the finished product from the device.

The purpose of creating a utility model is to reduce the energy intensity of extrusion.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the housing, behind the pressing screw and coaxially with the possibility of axial movement relative to the end of the pressing screw, a sleeve is installed, the hole of which is made expanding outward. In the chamber between the rear turn of the press screw and the front turn of the feed screw set guide, made in the form of a sleeve with a concave-convex outer surface. The concave part of the surface of the guide is turned towards the feed screw, and the convex part is towards the press screw. The outer end of the compression screw is provided with a conical head.

Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of an extruder.

The extruder for preparing the feed mass includes a housing 1 with a feed funnel 2, a feed screw 3 and a compression screw 4 located in the housing 1, and a chamber 5 formed between the rear turn of the compression screw 4 and the front turn of the feed screw 3, the bases of which are the said turns of screws 3 and 4, and the outer side surface is the inner surface of the housing 1. The feed screw 3 is made of an elastic strip in the form of a direct helicoid. In the housing 1, behind the pressing screw 4 and coaxially with the possibility of axial movement relative to the end of the pressing screw 4, a sleeve 6 is installed, the opening of which is made expanding outward. In the chamber 5, between the rear turn of the pressing screw 4 and the front turn of the feeding screw 3, a guide 7 is installed. The guide 7 is made in the form of a sleeve with a concave-convex outer surface facing the side of the feeding screw 3. The outer end of the pressing screw is equipped with a conical head 8. The possibility of axial movement of the sleeve 6 is realized using a nut 9, screwed onto the housing 1.

The extruder operates as follows.

When starting the extruder, the feeding screw 3 picks up the crushed feed from the feed funnel 2 and fills the chamber 5 with it, from where the feed is captured by the rear turn of the compression screw 4 and, gradually compacting, moves to the gap formed between the sleeve 6 and the conical head 8, through which it goes out in the form feed mass.

Since the performance of the feed screw 3 is initially greater than the press screw 4, the feed in the chamber 5 begins to compact, and the feed screw 3 elastically compresses, decreasing its pitch. As a result, the feed supply volume decreases until the mass of this volume is balanced with the mass of the compacted feed captured by the pressing screw 4 at the standard pressure of the extruder. The balanced feed supply mode is maintained by the feed screw 3 when chopped feed of constant density comes from the feed hopper 2.

With a decrease in the density of the feed in the feed hopper 2, the mass of feed fed into the chamber 5 will become less than the mass of the feed captured by the rear turn of the compression screw 4. The pressure in the chamber 5 begins to fall, and the feed screw 3, therefore, unclenches, compressing the feed with the front turn, counteracting the fall its density. Moreover, due to the increased step, the feed screw 3 increases the amount of feed taken from the feed hopper 2, counteracting the imbalance of the feed mode.

With an increase in feed density in the feed hopper 2, the feed density in the chamber 5 also begins to increase and the feed screw 3, compressing, reduces the feed into the chamber 5, counteracting the imbalance in the interaction of the screws and the increase in pressure in the chamber.

The presence in the chamber between the rear turn of the pressing screw and the front turn of the feeding screw of the guide 7, made in the form of a sleeve with a concave-convex outer surface, helps to reduce the energy intensity of extrusion due to the stability of this process. Features of the pressure increase in the chamber allow you to get a denser feed of the same density over its cross section, as well as move the feed with the least resistance from the chamber to the area of the pressing screw.

Starting, standard and stopping pressure inside the housing 1 is set by axial movement of the sleeve 6 by means of a nut 9, as a result of which the gap between the sleeve 6 and the conical head 8 is changed. In this case, the presence of the sleeve 6 expanding outward allows effectively to remove the finished product from the device with low energy consumption .

The source of information

1. An extruder for the preparation of feed mass from chopped straw. RF patent No. 2225144, cl. A23 17/00, A23P 1/12.

Claims (1)

An extruder for preparing the fodder mass, comprising a housing equipped with a loading funnel with pressing and feeding screws located in it, the last of which is made of an elastic strip in the form of a direct helicoid, and a chamber formed between the rear turn of the pressing screw and the front turn of the feeding screw is said bases turns of the screws, and the outer side surface is the inner surface of the housing, characterized in that in the housing, behind the pressing screw and coaxially with it with the possibility of axial movement With respect to the end of the pressing screw, a sleeve is installed, the hole of which is made expanding outward, the outer end of the pressing screw being provided with a conical head, and a guide made in the form of a sleeve with a concave-convex outer surface is installed in the chamber between the rear turn of the pressing screw and the front turn of the feeding screw. facing the feed auger.