RU96860U1 - TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEX FOR PROCESSING COAL Sludge - Google Patents

Abstract

 The coal sludge processing complex, including a concentration and thickening unit, the condensed product outlet line is connected to the additional dewatering unit, connected in series either to the briquetted fuel receiving unit or to the consumer, the partially clarified water removal line is connected to the water clarification and thickening unit phases, the clarified water drainage line of which is connected to the concentration and thickening unit, characterized in that the complex is additionally equipped with knots the preparation and combustion of coal-water fuel, to which the condensed sludge removal line of the water clarification and thickening unit of the solid phase and the feed line of the initial sludge and dehydrated product of the additional dehydration unit are connected, while the additional dehydration and briquetted fuel units are equipped with heat treatment units for the finished product with a heat agent and receiving lines of the latter from the unit for the preparation and burning of coal-water fuel.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of processing finely dispersed high-moisture waste (sludge, cake) of coal-mining and coal-processing enterprises.

There are various methods of processing these materials in order to obtain commercial products from them. For example, a coal sludge processing plant (RF patent for the invention No. 2086766, application form 10.02.95, Е21С 45/00), including a receiving hopper, a pump for feeding sludge to a concentration and thickening apparatus, a partially clarified water outlet line and: condensed sludge, a pump for supplying partially clarified water to the unit for additional thickening of the solid phase, filtering centrifuges.

The disadvantage of this installation is the inability to obtain fuels of various kinds.

A well-known technological complex for the processing of coal (RF patent for utility model No. 57279, application form 26.06.06, C10L 1/32), including an installation for crushing and wet enrichment to produce concentrate, a station with boiler units for generating thermal and (or) electric energy as well as a water-coal slurry preparation unit, the boiler furnaces being equipped with vortex chambers for burning the slurry, which is fed to the pumps by burning filters.

The disadvantage of this complex is the inability to obtain fuels of various types.

The closest in content and technical essence to the proposed model is the installation (RF patent for the invention No. 2230776, application form. 29.08.02, C10L 1/32, C02F 11/12), consisting of a suspension preparation unit, concentration and thickening apparatus, clarification unit water and thickening the solid phase, the block for the preparation of coal-water fuel from the enriched product, the additional dewatering unit, to which the briquetting unit is connected. This installation allows you to get commercial products of various types: dehydrated concentrate, coal water, coal briquettes.

The disadvantage of this installation is that the condensed product of the unit for clarification of water and thickening of the solid phase, having an ash content of 45-85% is sent to the dump.

The proposed utility model aims to eliminate the disadvantages of all of the above installations.

The technical effect - the full use of raw materials without the formation of dump materials, the production of fuels of various types, including dry concentrate, dry coal briquettes - is achieved by the fact that in the technological complex for processing coal sludge, which includes an enrichment and thickening unit, the outlet line of the condensed product is connected with an additional dehydration unit, connected in series with either a briquetted fuel receiving unit or a consumer, and a partially clarified water drainage line inene with a node for clarification of water and thickening of the solid phase, the clarified water drainage line of which is connected to the concentration-thickening unit, an additional unit for the preparation and burning of coal-water fuel has been introduced, with which a line for removing the condensed sediment of the clarification block of water and thickening the solid phase and the feed line of the initial sludge is connected and the dehydrated product of the additional dehydration unit, while the additional dehydration and briquetted fuel units are equipped with heat treatment units for the finished product thermal agent and lines for receiving the latter from the unit for preparing and burning water-coal fuel.

Hydrocarbon fuel is prepared from a condensed precipitate of the water clarification unit and thickening of the solid phase with an admixture of the initial sludge and the dehydrated product of the additional dehydration unit.

The drawing shows the proposed technological complex for the processing of coal sludge, which includes:

source 1 of the original sludge, concentration and thickening unit 2, unit 3 for clarifying water and thickening the solid phase, unit 4 for additional dehydration, unit 5 for preparing and burning water-coal fuel, unit 6 for producing briquetted fuel.

The listed nodes and technological units are interconnected as follows. The output line of the condensed product from the concentration-thickening unit 2 is connected to the additional dewatering unit 4, which, in turn, is connected to the consumer A and node 6 to produce briquetted fuel (consumer B). The drainage line for partially clarified water from the concentration-thickening unit 2 is connected to the unit 3 for clarifying water and thickening the solid phase. The clarified water drainage line from the water clarification and thickening unit 3 is connected to the concentration-thickening unit 2. The condensed sediment removal line from the water clarification and thickening unit 3 is connected to the preparation and combustion of coal-water fuel 5. In addition, the source 1 of the initial sludge and the dehydrated product outlet line 1 from the additional dehydration unit are connected to the unit 5 for preparing and burning water-coal fuel, and the unit 4 for additional dehydration and the unit 6 for producing briquetted fuel are connected to the unit 5 for preparing and burning water-coal fuel with transmission lines heat and drying agent.

The technological complex works as follows.

The initial sludge enters the concentration and thickening unit 2 Here it is diluted with water, including water used for dilution, which is returned from the clarification unit and the solid phase thickening. After dilution with water, the initial sludge is enriched in the concentration-thickening unit 2, i.e. it is divided into high-ash and low-ash (concentrate) fractions, after which the low-ash fraction (concentrate) is thickened and fed to unit 4 for additional dehydration In unit 4, water is additionally removed from the concentrate. The dehydrated concentrate is either transferred to the briquetted fuel preparation unit 6 or dried. For drying, a hot drying agent is used, which is obtained in unit 5 for preparing and burning water-coal fuel. The concentrate is dried to the state of a commodity product and shipped to consumer A. The concentrate that arrives at unit 6 for producing briquetted fuel is used to prepare coal briquettes for shipment to consumer B, which are also dried using a drying agent, which is obtained in unit 5 for preparing and burning water-coal fuel.

The high-ash fraction formed in the concentration-thickening unit 2 with partially clarified water is fed to the unit 3 for clarifying water and thickening the solid phase. The thickened precipitate of the node 3 for clarification of water and thickening of the solid phase is sent to the node 5 for the preparation and burning of coal-water fuel. Part of the original sludge is also supplied here. From a mixture of the initial sludge and the condensed sludge of the node 3 for clarification of water and thickening of the solid phase, coal-water fuel is prepared. Since the ash content of the initial sludge is 35-55%, when mixing equal weight fractions (in terms of dry matter) of the initial sludge and the condensed precipitate of the clarification unit 3 of water and thickening the solid phase having an ash content of 45-85%, a material with an average ash value 50-60%. Hydrocarbon fuel made from a material with such ash content has sufficient calorie content and is suitable for use as local fuel. So, for example, coal-water fuel prepared from waste grade G coal enrichment with a solid phase content of 59% and a solid phase ash content of 55% has a lower calorific value of 2050 kcal / kg. If sludge of easily-digestible coal goes into processing at this technological complex and the ash content of the condensed sludge turns out to be higher, then dehydrated will be additionally dehydrated to supply the water-carbon fuel to the unit 5 for preparing and burning water-carbon fuel via the dehydrated product supply line from the additional 4 dehydration unit product. The amount of supplied dehydrated product will be (in terms of dry weight) from 5% to 15% of the condensed sludge node 3 clarification of water and thickening of the solid phase. Here, in the unit 5 for preparing and burning water-coal fuel in a special furnace, this fuel is burned. Hot flue gases generated during the combustion of coal water are used to prepare a drying agent for drying a dehydrated enriched product and for drying briquettes. In addition, the heat obtained at the coal-fired fuel burning unit can be used outside the complex, for example, for heating nearby administrative, industrial or other premises. As a drying agent for drying the concentrate and briquettes, both hot air can be used (a heat exchanger is required to obtain it), as well as a mixture of flue gases with air. As a coolant for drying concentrate or briquettes, a mixture of flue gases with air can be used. In cases where it becomes necessary to use thermal energy in addition to technological needs for heating, the use of heat exchangers (boilers for hot water or air heaters for hot air) will be required. Any of the above options for producing thermal energy and a drying agent can be implemented in unit 5 for preparing and burning water-coal fuel using known technical means. The ash remaining after the combustion of coal-water fuel is a very burnt very small light particles. The carbon content in them does not exceed 1.5%. Such material can be used as components of dry construction mixtures or for other purposes in the construction industry, that is, this material has commercial, qualities and should not be dumped.

Claims (1)

The coal sludge processing complex, including a concentration and thickening unit, the condensed product outlet line is connected to the additional dewatering unit, connected in series either to the briquetted fuel receiving unit or to the consumer, the partially clarified water removal line is connected to the water clarification and thickening unit phases, the clarified water drainage line of which is connected to the concentration and thickening unit, characterized in that the complex is additionally equipped with knots the preparation and combustion of coal-water fuel, to which the condensed sludge removal line of the water clarification and thickening unit of the solid phase and the feed line of the initial sludge and dehydrated product of the additional dehydration unit are connected, while the additional dehydration and briquetted fuel units are equipped with heat treatment units for the finished product with a heat agent and receiving lines of the latter from the unit for the preparation and burning of coal-water fuel