RU95076U1 - TERMINAL FOR HEATING INTAKE AIR, VENTILATION SYSTEM CONTAINING SUCH TERMINAL AND BUILDING IN WHICH SUCH VENTILATION SYSTEM IS PROVIDED - Google Patents

Abstract

 1. A terminal (1) for heating the incoming air of a building ventilation system equipped with a heat exchanger, comprising a housing (2) consisting of one or more parts (3, 6), in which a connecting element (7) is provided for connecting the terminal (1) to ventilation channel, and a diffuser (4) for distributing the incoming air over the room (16), heating resistance (8), heating resistance power supply unit (9) and control unit (10), one or both of which (9, 10) are made with the ability to install either inside the terminal (1) or directly stvennoj vicinity, or at some distance in the room. ! 2. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating resistance (8) is removable. ! 3. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating resistance (8), the power supply unit (9) and the control unit (10) are isolated from the housing (2). ! 4. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating resistance (8) and the power supply unit (9) are controlled by analog / digital galvanic communication or wirelessly remotely. ! 5. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that either mechanical or semiconductor relays are provided as switching elements of the control unit (10). ! 6. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a temperature sensor (17). ! 7. The ventilation system of the building, including air conditioning (14), equipped with a heat exchanger and ventilation ducts (15), and containing at the end of the ventilation duct, at least one terminal (1) for heating the incoming air, characterized in one of paragraphs.1- 6. ! 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the controlled term

Description

The technical field to which the utility model relates.

The object of the utility model is a terminal heating the air entering the building. In particular, a utility model relates to equipment and a method for heating the air entering a building, as well as to a building that is equipped with heating equipment corresponding to the utility model, or in which the heating method corresponding to the utility model is applied.

State of the art

In the solutions corresponding to the prior art, the heating of the apartments is organized, for example, by means of radiators, in which water circulates and which are installed in each room of the apartment. Usually they are installed under a window located in the outer wall of the room. Heating power is controlled by controlling the circulation of hot water. Adjustment can be done manually, or using a control device that measures the temperature in the room, for example, a thermostat, which increases or decreases the circulation of water, based on the temperature in the room. The feedback from the above equipment is very slow. Changes in room temperature, for example, an increase in temperature due to the presence of several people at the same time, can only be compensated for very slowly. A similar heating system can also be obtained using electric radiators. This solution does not, however, eliminate the problem that temperature control and feedback from such a heating system are very slow.

Electric heating systems are also known that use heating cables embedded in the floor surface of a room. A heating system of the same type is formed by installing a water circulation system under the floor surface. The problem with these systems is an even slower response to temperature changes. This is a consequence of the magnitude of the heated mass (floor structure) and its slow heating or cooling. We can say with confidence that the change in room temperature (increase / decrease) when using the above heating systems is always 12 hours late.

To heat the room, you can also use an air conditioner through which both incoming and exhaust air passes. The air conditioner is equipped with a heat exchanger that transfers the heat taken from the exhaust air that is discharged to the incoming / fresh air. In accordance with this method, the power of the equipment is enough to heat the incoming air to a maximum of 15-17 ° C. For this reason, the air conditioner is supplied with an additional heating battery, by means of which the temperature of the incoming air rises to the desired one, for example, to about 20-24 ° C. The battery for additional heating can be water or electric, and it is mounted inside the air conditioner. Usually, one air conditioner is used in one room, from which significant heating problems arise. This is because the air conditioner pumps out ambient air of the same temperature in all rooms. As a result of this, it is impossible to make the temperature, especially in two or more floor apartments, comfortable for staying. In addition, the need for warmth in the bedroom and living room is different. Temperature control in each room through such a system is not possible.

The construction technology, especially low-rise buildings and cottages, has moved in recent years in the direction that more and more so-called low-energy houses are being built, the outer shell of which is dense and the air-tightness of the windows is very high. Due to energy saving requirements, homes are almost always equipped with an air exchange system containing a heat exchanger. The premises through ventilation ducts are included in the air conditioning system, and the room has an air conditioning terminal. The terminals should be small in size, and the level of noise created by them, for the convenience of living, should be very low, in accordance with modern requirements - not higher than 28/33 dB (A). Using this terminal, the incoming air is evenly distributed throughout the room, and the volumetric flow of incoming air can be measured and adjusted separately in each room. Given, in addition to the above, that at present there is a large number of heat sources in houses, for example, people, household appliances and various electronics, the real need for additional heat is very low.

Utility Model Disclosure

The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the above drawbacks regarding the problems of temperature control in each individual room and the slow response of heating systems, and the development of a terminal, a ventilation system and method that would provide silent control and quickly reacting heat supply to each room of the building individually. The terminal corresponding to the utility model does not require additional space, since it replaces the terminal of a traditional ventilation system. The terminal, which provides additional heating, reduces and optimizes energy consumption, as due to very precise control, heating is carried out only when the need arises.

This is achieved by replacing the terminals of the ventilation system located in each room with terminals equipped with electric heating resistance, as well as by combining the heating resistance unit, the control unit, and the temperature sensor. A new heating system and a method of heating the incoming air are proposed, as well as the building in which this heating system is mounted.

More specifically, a ventilation system terminal, a ventilation system, and a method for heating air entering a building, as well as a building using heating equipment corresponding to a utility model, or a heating method, characterizing which are presented in the utility model formula, are proposed.

In the dependent claims, other forms of implementing the utility model are characterized.

Brief Description of the Drawings

Below, a utility model is described in more detail with reference to the attached drawings, in which

On figa and 1b presented in the form of a general drawing, the terminal of the ventilation system in a closed form, front view and side view,

Figure 2 presents in the form of a general drawing the terminal of the ventilation system in the open form, front view,

Figure 3 presents in the form of a General drawing, the ventilation system of the building.

Utility Model Implementation

On figa in the form of a simplified general drawing shows the terminal 1 of the ventilation system in a closed form, front view. Terminal 1 has a housing 2, which consists of two shared parts. The first part 3 of the housing contains a diffuser 4, in which there are a sufficient number of holes or holes through which incoming air is directed into the room. The diffuser 4 is an element that allows you to direct the delivered air and regulate the air flow. Screws or other fasteners 5 are provided on the sides of the housing 2, by means of which the first part 3 shown in the figure is attached to the second housing part (not visible in Fig. 1a).

On fig.1b, in addition to the first part 3 of the housing 2, shows the second part 6 of the housing, which contains a connecting element 7, through which the terminal 1 of the ventilation system is connected to the ventilation duct (not shown). The housing 2 of the terminal 1 can also be constructed using technology of any level. From the point of view of the utility model, the external structure of the housing 2 is not significant. It should only be said that for electrical safety purposes, resistance and electrical parts must be protected from contact.

In Fig.2, terminal 1 is presented in the form of a general drawing in an open form. Terminal 1 contains a heating resistance 8, by means of which the outdoor air preheated by the air conditioner (15-17 ° C) is heated to the desired level (20-24 ° C). The operating voltage of the heating resistance 8 is, for example, 220/230 V or 12/24 V. The operating voltage, however, is not limited to the above values. The operating voltage, as well as other electrical parts in accordance with it, can be freely selected. The terminal 1 also includes a power unit 9, made in accordance with the level of technology related to supplying power to the heating resistance 8, a control unit 10, assembled in accordance with the level of technology related to controlling the power unit 9, and a temperature sensor for measuring room temperature . In addition, in case 2 there are conclusions 11 for making the necessary connections of power circuits and control circuits. The heating resistance 8 of the terminal 1 is isolated by insulation 12 from the housing 2 to prevent overheating. As such insulation 12, a rubber plate, a polycarbonate plate, or a suitable insulating material can be used. The heating resistance 8 is a cassette-type resistor, which allows it to be removed from the terminal 1. The heating resistance control unit 10 of the terminal 1 and the power supply unit 9 can be located directly inside the terminal, or some of the elements of the blocks can be placed in a separate control unit outside the terminal case or in the immediate vicinity of him, or somewhere in the apartment. Such a place for mounting the remote control unit can be, for example, an electrical panel. The arrangement of parts can be quite free, it is only necessary to ensure the possibility of turning on and off the heating resistance 8.

The need for additional heating, which is provided by terminal 1, is controlled by a temperature sensor or sensors, and when the set temperature is exceeded or not reached, the additional heating is either turned off or on. Temperature sensors can be placed at various points in the room as desired. In addition, it is easy to integrate a timer into the control system, by means of which the additional heating will be automatically switched off, for example, when there is nobody in the house (working hours, holidays, etc.) and additional heating is not needed. If it is desirable to quickly cool the air in the room, the additional heating can be easily turned off, and only preheated air (15-17 ° C) will enter the room, which will cool the room. The heating resistance 8 of the terminal 1 can be controlled by galvanic analog or digital communication or a wire coming from the control unit 10, regardless of whether the power supply unit 9 is mounted inside or outside the terminal. It is also possible to use wireless control using a wireless control unit 10 installed permanently, or a portable remote control. The power supply unit 9 can also be mounted in a separate housing outside the terminal, either in the immediate vicinity of the terminal, or further somewhere in the apartment. In particular, this is important when it is necessary to ensure that the parts of the power supply unit 9 do not overheat near the terminal 1. The second option is to organize, if necessary, additional ventilation of the parts inside the terminal 1.

As a method of adjusting the control unit controlling the power supply unit, controlling the supply of electricity to the resistance of terminal 1, one can use deviation control, proportional-integral regulation or PID-regulation (PID, proportional-integral-derivative, proportional-integral-differential), in depending on how accurately you should maintain a given room temperature.

When adjusting for deviation, deviation from the set value is allowed. With proportional-integral regulation, the deviation is eliminated by the integral action. PID control takes into account the rate of change of deviations that occur when controlling by deviation or proportional-integral control, and thus you can accurately maintain a given value by predicting the rate of change. As an adjustment method, you can also use a method based on fuzzy logic, when the control unit learns to turn on the heating, for example, in accordance with the ratio between the outdoor temperature and time. If the street, for example, is colder, the heating is turned on earlier so that the desired room temperature is maintained at a constant level. The simplest control method that can be used is the analog On / Off control, according to which the heating is turned on and off regardless of, for example, the room temperature.

A semiconductor relay can be used as a switching body in the power supply, then the operation of the equipment will become completely silent. A positive property of a semiconductor relay can also be considered a very long service life. A mechanical relay can also be used as a switching organ, but in this case, when switching, noise arises that makes the use of equipment, for example, in a bedroom, unpleasant. The service life of a mechanical relay is shorter compared to a solid-state relay, but its advantage, in turn, is that it does not heat up, which eliminates the need for cooling.

The noise level of the operation of the corresponding utility model of terminal 1, equipped with heating resistance, is very low, it is approximately 5 dB (A) lower than the building codes of 28/33 dB (A).

Such a ventilation system, including resistance 8 and the terminals connected to it, containing control equipment, for example, 9, 10 and 17, makes it possible to significantly save electricity when additional heating is turned on only in those rooms of the apartment where additional heating is required. The ventilation system can be controlled in such a way that all terminals 1 are controlled separately or one / several terminals are controlled, and one or more terminals are connected as slave nodes.

Figure 3 in the form of a diagram shows the ventilation system of a building with low energy consumption. In this case, a building is understood as a low-rise building or a small cottage, but the utility model is also suitable for use in high-rise buildings. The incoming air moves along the arrow 13 inside the house through the air conditioner 14. The air conditioner 14 is equipped with a heat exchanger, with which the incoming air is preheated to 15-17 ° C. Through the ventilation ducts 15, the preheated incoming air is distributed throughout the rooms 16. Before entering the room, the air passes through terminal 1, where it is heated if necessary to the desired temperature, which is monitored by temperature sensors 17. The use of temperature sensors 17 is optional, the temperature can also be manually adjusted in accordance with the “temperature sensation”.

Corresponding to the utility model, the method of temperature regulation in each room of the house consists of several stages:

- outdoor air is supplied to the air conditioner,

- the incoming air is preheated using the heat contained in the exhaust air,

- pre-heated incoming air through the ventilation ducts 15 is distributed over the rooms 16 using the terminals 1 mounted on the ends of the ventilation ducts,

- the incoming air is additionally heated by heating resistance 8 in the terminal 1 until the air is supplied to the room,

- control of the heating resistance 8 of the terminal 1 is carried out by the control unit 10.

In addition, the method may include one or more of the following steps:

- regulation of the heating resistance 8 is carried out in each terminal separately, either by analog / digital galvanic communication, or wirelessly,

- the control unit 9 power is carried out by the control unit 10 automatically / programmatically or manually,

- regulation of heating resistances 8 is carried out through at least one terminal 1 with the connection of one or more other terminals to it as slaves.

Using the utility model, radiators and floor heating can be removed from the building, with the exception of damp rooms, where such additional heating remains necessary, and compensated for by the ventilation system terminal using the appropriate utility model. The terminal is mounted on the wall or ceiling of the room. There can also be several terminals in one room.

The above examples do not limit the scope of the utility model, which is determined by the utility model formula presented below.

Claims (10)

1. A terminal (1) for heating the incoming air of a building ventilation system equipped with a heat exchanger, comprising a housing (2) consisting of one or more parts (3, 6), in which a connecting element (7) is provided for connecting the terminal (1) to ventilation channel, and a diffuser (4) for distributing the incoming air over the room (16), heating resistance (8), heating resistance power supply unit (9) and control unit (10), one or both of which (9, 10) are made with the ability to install either inside the terminal (1) or directly stvennoj vicinity, or at some distance in the room. 2. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating resistance (8) is removable. 3. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating resistance (8), the power supply unit (9) and the control unit (10) are isolated from the housing (2). 4. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating resistance (8) and the power supply unit (9) are controlled by analog / digital galvanic communication or wirelessly remotely. 5. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that either mechanical or semiconductor relays are provided as switching elements of the control unit (10). 6. The terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a temperature sensor (17). 7. The ventilation system of the building, including air conditioning (14), equipped with a heat exchanger and ventilation ducts (15), and containing at the end of the ventilation duct, at least one terminal (1) for heating the incoming air, characterized in one of paragraphs.1- 6. 8. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that the managed terminal (1) is configured to connect one or more terminals (1) to it as slaves. 9. The system according to claim 7, characterized in that each terminal (1) is individually controlled. 10. The building in which the ventilation system is installed, described in any one of paragraphs.7-9.