RU94970U1 - BLOCK-MODULAR SEWER CLEANING STATION OF THE CLOSED TYPE WITH ANAMMOX PROCESS - Google Patents

Abstract

 Block-modular sewage treatment plant of closed type with anammox process, including structures protecting the technological process of wastewater treatment, multi-stage biological wastewater treatment tanks by microorganism communities attached to a fiber brush nozzle, and as part of free-floating microorganisms, devices, dewatering sewage sludge, communications air supply, removal of accumulated sediments, exhaust air for disposal, equipped with a thin-layer sump mi, reagent farm for the preparation and dosing of coagulants and flocculants, blowers, disinfection units for purified water and exhaust air, characterized in that the enclosing structures of the tank and equipment are made and prepared in the factory from non-corrosive materials, with the relative positions of the nodes, equipment, tanks of bioreactors providing minimum communication lengths using low-energy, high-speed processes and equipment such as screw dehydrators and screw devices disinfection dewatered precipitation bioreactors with anammox biocenosis microorganisms for the removal of nitrogen compounds from waste water.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for conducting processes of mechanical, physico-chemical and biological treatment of urban and close to them in the composition of industrial wastewater and the treatment of precipitates to prepare them for dehydration and disinfection and subsequent disposal and can be used in the treatment of wastewater in conditions of low water consumption standards, high requirements for the quality of treated wastewater at the level of requirements of fishery reservoirs or their use for technical needs of industrial enterprises, as well as with limited distances to residential buildings. A well-known installation of combined wastewater treatment [1] at low (at the level of 80-120 liters per person per day) sanitation in residential buildings. In the known construction, preliminary processing of the average wastewater flow rate by coagulants and flocculants is carried out to remove by settling the bulk of suspended substances and coagulated substances dissolved in water by sorption of the latter on suspensions removed by the backlog. Unfortunately, in the known installation, the problem of removing ammonia nitrogen from wastewater has not been reliably solved.

The closest to the structural design of the wastewater treatment process and the size of the component equipment is a closed-type modular treatment plant [2] closed in a building made of reinforced concrete, which provides processes and equipment that provide the required quality parameters of treated wastewater and environmental protection environment, including the reservoir of the treated wastewater receiver and air basin with the initial composition of wastewater corresponding to a water consumption rate of at least 200 l trov per person per day.

The common features of the claimed utility model and the well-known modular sewage treatment plant [2] are the following: deep multi-stage biological wastewater treatment by communities attached to a fiber brush nozzle and free-floating microorganisms, the use of wastewater averagers, thin-layer settlers for clarification of wastewater or separation of free-floating microorganisms, the use of anaerobic-anoxide-aerobic technology for wastewater treatment from nitrogen compounds, used e coagulants and flocculants for binding phosphorus to water-insoluble compounds and for conditioning precipitation before dehydration, collecting, cleaning and disinfecting pollutants polluted by odorous substances and microbial and viral aerosols, floor layout of premises and equipment used, partitioning of wastewater treatment processes, implementation all wastewater treatment and sludge treatment operations in enclosed spaces with their ventilation and cleaning and disinfection of waste fresh air.

The objectives of the utility model are to maximize the use of components, prefabricated equipment made of non-corrosive materials (plastic and stainless steel), minimal energy costs for wastewater treatment processes, dewatering and disinfection of sewage sludge, minimizing the volume of capacitive facilities of the treatment plant and, in general, the treatment plant due to the intensification of processes at all stages of wastewater treatment and sludge treatment and dehydration.

The tasks are solved in that the block-modular sewage treatment plant of a closed type with the anammox process includes structures protecting the technological process of wastewater treatment, multi-stage biological wastewater treatment tanks by communities attached to a fiber brush nozzle and as part of free-floating microorganisms; Dehydration devices for sewage sludge, air supply communications, the collection of accumulated sludge, exhaust air for decontamination are equipped with thin-layer sedimentation tanks, reagent facilities for the preparation and dosing of coagulants and flocculants, blowers, and disinfection units for purified water and exhaust air, which are made and prepared in the factory conditions of non-corrosive materials, with the mutual arrangement of nodes, equipment, bioreactor tanks, providing minimum lengths of communications using low-energy high-speed processes and equipment such as screw dewatering and disinfecting sewage sludge devices [3], it uses bioreactors with a biocenosis of anammox microorganisms to remove nitrogen compounds from wastewater.

Patent studies have shown that neither in the patent nor in the scientific and technical literature there is information about treatment plants of the design proposed in the claims, which suggests that the proposed treatment station meets the patentability criterion of "novelty."

A comparative analysis of devices that are used in well-known technical solutions and, including, in the prototype, showed significant features that distinguish the proposed solution.

The advantages that are achieved indicate that the tasks that are solved are performed at the inventive step, since they do not follow, obviously, from solutions known in the art and therefore meet the patentability criterion of "inventive step". The proposed block-modular sewage treatment plant of a closed type with anammox process is illustrated by figures 1-6: Figure 1 - floor plan of the building for mechanical treatment of wastewater with an extension from the workshop and blower; Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of a building for mechanical wastewater treatment; Figure 3 - technological scheme of wastewater treatment; Figure 4 is a flow chart of the allocation, treatment, dehydration and disinfection of sewage sludge; Figure 5 is a plan of the top floor of a biological wastewater treatment building with a four-story extension to accommodate wastewater sludge dewatering and disinfection facilities, staff rooms, a chemical laboratory with a warehouse of chemical reagents and chemical utensils, premises for the placement of waste air collection and disinfection equipment before being discharged into the atmosphere.

The designations in FIGS. 1-6 are as follows:

1. Workshop for mechanical wastewater treatment with an extension of the workshop and blower.

2. Lattices.

3. A box with garbage trapped in the grate.

4. Sand traps.

5. A box of sand.

6. Thin-layer sedimentation tank.

7. Reagent economy of coagulation and flocculation of sewage impurities and sediment conditioning.

8. Screw dehydrators.

9. Screw devices for thermal disinfection of dehydrated sludge.

10. Average cost of wastewater.

11. Submersible averaging pump.

12. Tank input into the waste fluid reagents.

13. The pipeline supply of reagents.

14. The capacity for the accumulation of sewage sludge.

15. Blower.

16. Workshops.

17. A container of dehydrated decontaminated sewage sludge.

18. The pipeline clarified wastewater.

19. Pumps for supplying clarified wastewater to biological treatment.

20. Gate with air curtains.

21. Ventilation ducts for air intake.

22. Air supply fan.

23. Blowers.

24. The crane beam.

25. Pipeline for drainage of the filtrate from sludge dewatering to the averager.

26. Pipeline drainage sludge water in the averager.

27. The pipeline drain condensed sludge wash and regeneration water in the tank 14 of the accumulation of sediment.

28. Thin-layer sedimentation tanks for washing and regeneration waters.

29. A workshop for biological wastewater treatment with a 4-storey extension.

30. Nitrification.

31. Anaerobic bioreactor.

32. Pressure pipeline for supplying clarified wastewater to biological treatment.

33. The divider stream of clarified water with valves.

34. Cartridges with a fiber ruffled nozzle.

35. Aeration bubblers

36. Air ducts.

37. Two-stage bioreactor of wastewater treatment

38. Pressure filter aftertreatment

39. The site of disinfection of treated wastewater.

40. A reservoir of clean water.

41. Air intake box.

42. The node disinfection of exhaust air.

43. Stairwell.

44. The room of the head of the treatment plant.

45. Room on duty staff.

46. Change houses.

47. Warehouse ware and chemicals.

48. Baclaboratory.

49. Weighted.

50. Chemical laboratory.

51. Pipelines for removal of sludge from thin-layer sedimentation tanks 6 to the sediment accumulation tank 14.

52. Pipelines for supplying clarified wastewater from the divider 32 to nitrification 30.

53. Pipelines for supplying clarified wastewater from a divider 32 to anaerobic bioreactors 31.

54. Pipelines for supplying nitrified wastewater from nitrification 30 to anaerobic bioreactors 31.

55. Pipelines for supplying wastewater from anaerobic bioreactors 31 to a two-stage bioreactor 37 for wastewater treatment.

56. Coagulant supply tubes for binding excess phosphates to water-insoluble compounds.

57. Reagent farm preparation of a coagulant solution for phosphates.

58. Pipelines for supplying regeneration sludge mixtures from bioreactors 37 for wastewater treatment to thin-layer settlers 28.

59. Pipelines for the supply of treated wastewater to the site 39 of water disinfection.

60. Pipelines for the supply of disinfected water to clean water tanks 40.

61. A pump for supplying washing water for the regeneration of filters 38 for post-treatment.

62. Pipelines for flushing water supply to the aftertreatment filters.

63. The pipeline drainage of purified water into a surface reservoir.

64. Sludge dewatering pump.

65. Tank for introducing flocculant into sewage sludge.

Block-modular sewage treatment plant of a closed type with anammox process (Figure 1-6) is made up of two workshops: workshop 1 for mechanical wastewater treatment (Figure 1) with an extension of workshop 16, blower 15 and workshop 29 for biological wastewater treatment (Fig .5) with a four-story annex for the placement of equipment for dewatering and disinfecting sewage sludge, premises for staff, a chemical laboratory with a warehouse and equipment for collecting, disinfecting exhaust air and releasing it into the atmosphere.

The workshop 1 for mechanical treatment of wastewater (Figure 1) is located above the tanks of the averager 10 of the wastewater flow rate and the capacity of 14 accumulation of wastewater sludge before mechanical dewatering, made in the form of a building with a metal and reinforced concrete frame with a single or double roof and is equipped with windows and a gate 20 with air curtains and a crankcase 24 for moving boxes 3 and 5 with the garbage of gratings 2 and sand, sand trap 4.

A beam crane 24 is available both in workshop 16 and in blower 15.

Wastewater from the city sewage pumping station flows through the pressure pipelines to workshop 1 (Fig. 3) to the grates 2 for separating into the box 3 garbage larger than 5-6 mm and then to sand traps 4, of which sand is raked from the bottom with a screw device and moves to box 5 for sand. The wastewater stream freed from the waste and the bulk of the sand enters the bowl, where there are overflow windows to discharge the flow rate that exceeds the hourly average flow rate in the tank of averagers 10 wastewater flow rates. When reducing the flow rate of incoming wastewater to a value less than the average hourly flow, the submersible pump 11 of the averager 10 is turned on, which adds from the averager 10 the amount of wastewater supplied to the reagent input tank 12 to the level of the hourly average flow of wastewater. This makes it possible to evenly dispense from the reagent farm 7 coagulant solution, flocculant, and in the case of insufficient carbonate alkalinity of the source water and soda through pipeline 13. To clarify the sewage from coagulated impurities in workshop 1, thin-layer settlers are installed with regenerated shelf module 6. Pipelines 18 are provided drainage of clarified wastewater into pumps 19 for supplying clarified wastewater to the biological treatment plant 29 through pressure pipelines 32, and pipelines 51 for drainage of sludge s from thin-layer sedimentation tanks 6 to the reservoir 14 of sediment accumulation.

In the averagers 10 and capacity 14 of the accumulation of sewage sludge, bubblers 35 and air ducts 36 along the bottoms of the tanks are provided for periodically stirring up the sewage and sludge in order to prevent occurrence of sewage sludge.

In addition to gratings 2, sand traps 4 and thin-layer sumps 6 with reagent farm 7, in workshop 1 there are thin-layer sumps 28 for separating suspended solids from washing and regeneration waters from biological wastewater treatment plant 29, equipped with sludge water discharge pipes 26 to averager 10 and pipelines 27 drainage of condensed sludge of washing and regeneration water into the sediment accumulation tank 14, as well as ventilation ducts 21 of the air intake from the premises of the workshop 1 for supplying fans 22 to the air intakes of the blowers 23 air one 15.

Workshop 29 biological wastewater treatment (Figure 5) is equipped with tanks of a three-section system of bioreactors for wastewater treatment. The stream of clarified wastewater coming in through pressure pipe 32 in the divider 33 is divided into two equal-sized streams, one of which flows through pipelines 52 into 3 sections of anaerobic bioreactors 31. From pipelines anaerobic bioreactors 31, wastewater is fed into pipelines 55 to a two-stage wastewater treatment bioreactor 37 water In the two-stage bioreactor 37 at its second stage, it is possible to supply a coagulant solution through tubes 56 from the reagent farm 57 to bind the excess phosphate to water-insoluble compounds.

From the second suphenes of bioreactors 37 of wastewater treatment, the wastewater to be treated enters the pressure filters 38 of aftertreatment. When silting cassettes 34 with a fiber ruffle nozzle in two-stage bioreactors 37 for wastewater treatment, switching on separately through the air supply sections through air ducts 36 to aeration bubblers 35 regenerates the fiber ruffle nozzle and bioreactor stages 37 for wastewater aftertreatment are emptied from the regeneration sludge 58 in thin-layer sumps 28 of workshop 1 for mechanical cleaning.

From the pressure filters 38 of the wastewater post-treatment (FIG. 3), they are discharged through pipelines 59 to the water disinfection unit 39 and then through pipelines 60 to the clean water tank 40. From the reservoirs 40 of pure water using a pump 61 through pipelines 62 it is possible to supply water for washing pressure filters 38 from accumulated suspensions. At the same time, washing water is discharged through pipelines 58 to thin-layer sumps 28. From clean water tanks 40, treated and decontaminated wastewater is discharged through pipeline 63 to a surface water body or used for technological needs of industrial enterprises.

The wastewater sludge accumulated in the tank 14 (Figure 4) is pumped into the flocculant inlet tank 65 by means of a pump 64 before being fed to the screw dehydrator 8. The dehydrated sludge (cake) is squeezed out into the screw thermal disinfection devices 9 and then stored in containers 17 of disinfected sludges for export to disposal sites. Sludge water from screw dehydrators 8 through pipelines 25 is discharged to averagers 10 of wastewater costs.

In addition to the sludge treatment equipment system, a four-story extension of the workshop 29 for biological wastewater treatment includes: stairwell 43, room 44 for the head of the treatment plant, room 45 for duty personnel, change houses 46 and rooms for the chemical laboratory (warehouse for 47 chemicals and utensils, weight 49, laboratory 48 and chemical laboratory 50. on the fourth floor of the annex there are air intake ducts 41 and an exhaust air disinfection unit 42 before being discharged into the air pool.

In accordance with the flow chart shown in Fig. 3, a modular closed sewage treatment plant with anammox process operates as follows.

Municipal wastewater from the main sewage pumping station flows through pressure pipelines to the building of the mechanical wastewater treatment plant 1 into a receiving chamber, from which open trays flow into the grates 2. The gaps in the grates can have sizes from 2 to 6 mm. All wastewater impurities with a size of 6 mm or more are retained on the gratings 2 and scooped up into the waste box 3. Garbage is usually mixed with household garbage and disposed of at garbage recycling plants or municipal solid waste landfills. After the gratings 2, the wastewater flows in open trays into the sand traps 4, where at a speed of about 30 mm / s, sand and other heavy particles fall to the bottom of the sand trap. Sand traps 4 are equipped with screws for raking sand in boxes 5 for collecting sand (Figure 2). The sand is contaminated with organic substances, therefore, it must be recycled for disposal, and, together with garbage from the grates, it can be taken to solid waste landfills or waste recycling plants.

Next, the wastewater enters the bowl with overflow windows. If the wastewater flow rate exceeds the hourly average, then excess over the average hourly flow flows into the averager of 10 wastewater flows. If the flow rate of the wastewater entering the bowl is lower than the hourly average, the submersible pump 11 of the averager 10 is automatically turned on and the hourly average flow rate of wastewater will flow to the thin-layer settlers 6. Before entering the thin-layer sumps, wastewater passes a tank 12 for introducing reagents into the wastewater from the reagent farm 7. Coagulant solution with a flocculant and an alkaline carbonate reagent, for example, baking soda, to adjust the pH of the runoff enter the tank 12 through a pipe 13. The pH of the wastewater should be in the range of 7.5-8.5.

In a thin-layer sump in the sinuses, when the downward velocity of water is not more than 20 mm / s, bubbles of air trapped during the outflow of water come out from the water and the process of coagulation and flocculation of suspended particles proceeds. Further from the sinuses located on opposite sides of the shelf module, the wastewater flows towards each other, their speed is extinguished and two new oppositely directed flows are formed. One of these flows through the shelf module rises up to the drainage trays, and the other, together with the sediment sliding from the shelves, moves down to the pyramidal bottom of the thin-layer sedimentation tank 6, from where it is diverted via pipeline 51 to the sewage sludge accumulation tank 14. From the drainage chutes of the thin-layer sedimentation tanks 6 through the pipeline 18, clarified waste water flows to the pumps 19, from where they are supplied by the pressure piping 32 to the biological treatment plant 29 to the divider 33 (Figure 5). In the divider 33, which has shut-off and control valves, the clarified waste water stream is divided into 2 equal flows, one of which is routed through pipelines 52 to nitrification 30 and the second stream through pipelines 53 flows into anaerobic bioreactors 31. Both in nitrifiers 30 and in anaerobic bioreactors 31 the entire internal volume is filled with cassettes 34 with a fiber brush nozzle, and on the bottom of these bioreactors are placed aeration bubblers 35, communicated by air ducts 36 with blowers 23 of the blower 15. But if the nitrificators 30 have continuous air but aerates the waste water inside the bioreactor, the bioreactor 31, anaerobic air flows only during the regeneration period Ershovoy nozzle with priodichnostyu several weeks (set operating data).

In the nitrifier 30, the biocenosis of aerobic microorganisms attached to the brush nozzle oxidizes the organic substances that are left dissolved in the waste water, as well as ammonia nitrogen, turning it into nitrates. In nitrifying agents 30, an alkaline reagent is introduced, introduced into the wastewater in front of the thin-layer settling tanks 6. The alkaline reagent keeps the pH of the effluents at the required level of at least 7.5.

The nitrified wastewater stream through conduit 54 is supplied to the anaerobic bioreactor 31 by a counter stream to the stream entering the anaerobic bioreactor 31 through conduit 53 (Figure 5). A mixture of two streams moves in the anaerobic bioreactor 31 through the fibrous brush nozzle of the cassettes 34. On the brush nozzle, mainly heterotrophic denitrifying microorganisms are fixed in the upper part, which, under the conditions of a limited amount of organic substances in the mixed stream, convert nitrates to nitrites. As anaerobiosis intensifies on a fiber brush, the proportion of anammox autotrophic anaerobic bacteria increases due to the NO ₂ ^- + NH ₄ ⁺ → N ₂ + 2H ₂ O reaction in the presence of biogenic elements and carbonates in wastewater. Despite the slow growth of these bacteria over 2-3 months, their number becomes such that the anammox process becomes compatible with the nitrification process - a source of nitrates and nitrites. Bubbles of nitrogen generated in the anaerobic bioreactor as they accumulate break off the fibers and form a stable gas stream that facilitates mass transfer in the anaerobic bioreactor 31. With an excess of fouling of the ruffled nozzle inside the anaerobic bioreactor 31, the flow of sewage through them slows down and the water level in the bioreactor increases about the need for regeneration of ruffs and partial discharge of accumulated biomass and suspended solids. During the regeneration of the ruffs, air supply to the bubblers 35 is turned on and part of the contents of the anaerobic bioreactors 31 is discharged through pipelines 58 to the thin-layer settling tanks 28 of regeneration and wash water. In this case, the sediment from the thin-layer settlers 28 is discharged into the tank 14, and the sludge water through the pipeline 26 to the flow averager 10.

From anaerobic bioreactors 31, wastewater (Figure 3) is discharged through pipelines 55 to two-stage aerobic bioreactors 37 for wastewater treatment. A coagulant with a flocculant from the reagent farm 57 is introduced into the second stage of bioreactors 37 for purification through tubes 56 to bind residual phosphates to insoluble substances and then remove them by filtration to an acceptable level in purified water.

As the bioreactors 37 are suspended by suspension of wastewater, they are regenerated by supplying air to the bubblers 35 and the tanks are emptied through pipelines 58 to thin-layer settlers 28. Then, sediments are discharged through pipeline 27 to tank 14, and sludge water to averager 10.

From bioreactors 37 of post-treatment, wastewater flows through pressure pipelines to pressure filters of post-treatment 38, where crushed granular anthracite (purolate) is used as a load. Sand is bad to use, as it is strongly overgrown with phosphates. Filtered water through pipelines 59 is discharged to the purified water disinfection unit 39 and then through pipeline 60 to the clean water tank 40. As the siltation of the load of the filters 38 for wastewater treatment using pumps 61 from the reservoir 40 of clean water, the washing water is supplied through pipelines 62 to the filters 38 of the aftertreatment with the discharge of washing water through pipelines 58 to thin-layer sumps 28. And then precipitated sediments are sent to a tank 14, and silt water in the averager 10.

From clean water tanks 40, purified and disinfected water is discharged through pipelines 63 into a surface water body or used for technical needs.

Sewage sludge (Figure 4), accumulated in the tank 14, is pumped to a flocculant inlet tank 65 located on the first floor of the extension of the biological wastewater treatment plant 29 using a pump 64. The flocculant is ejected into the pressure pipe of the sediment pump 64 to the tank 65 from the reagent farm 7. The flocculated sludge enters the screw dehydrator 8, where the sludge is condensed to a moisture content of 80-85% and squeezed out into the screw of the dehydrated sludge thermal disinfection device 9. From the screw dehydrator, the filtrate is discharged through a pipe 25 to the averager 10 of the wastewater discharge. Disinfected sludge from the screw device 9 is accumulated in containers 17 for subsequent removal to the disposal site.

On the second floor (FIG. 6) of the four-story extension of the biological wastewater treatment plant 29, the following premises are located: office 44 of the sewage treatment plant manager, room 45 of the on-duty personnel, change houses 46, staircase 43. On the third floor of the extension there is a chemical laboratory, chemical laboratory 50, weight 49, laboratory 48 and a warehouse of 47 reagents and chemical dishes. On the fourth floor of the annex there is an air intake duct 41 and an exhaust air disinfection unit 42 before being released into the atmosphere.

In the extension to workshop 1 for mechanical wastewater treatment, workshops 16 are located, having a beam crane 24 and a gate 20 with air curtains. In blower 15, along with the air supply from the external air intake devices, there is an air supply contaminated in the workshop and taken from the workshop 1 by ventilation ducts 21 using fans 22.

The tasks in the described utility model are solved by supplying most of the equipment, enclosing structures, tanks, prefabricated dismantled and anticorrosive. This ensures the construction of a treatment plant in the shortest possible time and durability. All structures are closed and releases of untreated or non-disinfected water and air into the environment are not allowed.

The time of passage of wastewater through the treatment plant is limited to 5-6 hours, in contrast to the daily stay of the prototype, which reduces the overall dimensions of the treatment plant and the site for its placement. The use of intensive structures and technological processes, such as thin-layer sedimentation tanks, coagulation and flocculation, bioreactors with attached microorganisms contribute to reducing energy consumption, reducing the length of communications. The large height of the bioreactors and the removal of organic substances in the sediment without oxidation also reduce the consumption of air and energy consumption for its supply to the treatment device. The use of low-energy screw screw dehydrators instead of centrifuges or filter presses also contributes to solving the problems posed in a useful model. Of particular note is the use of anammox bacteria to remove nitrogen from wastewater under anaerobic conditions, since they halve the energy consumption for the oxidation of ammonia nitrogen by atmospheric oxygen.

Claims (1)

Block-modular sewage treatment plant of closed type with anammox process, including structures protecting the technological process of wastewater treatment, multi-stage biological wastewater treatment tanks by microorganism communities attached to a fiber brush nozzle, and as part of free-floating microorganisms, devices, dewatering sewage sludge, communications air supply, removal of accumulated sediments, exhaust air for disposal, equipped with a thin-layer sump mi, reagent farm for the preparation and dosing of coagulants and flocculants, blowers, disinfection units for purified water and exhaust air, characterized in that the enclosing structures of the tank and equipment are made and prepared in the factory from non-corrosive materials, with the relative positions of the nodes, equipment, tanks of bioreactors providing minimum communication lengths using low-energy, high-speed processes and equipment such as screw dehydrators and screw devices disinfection dewatered precipitation bioreactors with anammox biocenosis microorganisms for the removal of nitrogen compounds from waste water.