RU93342U1 - PNEUMATIC SLIDING DOOR ACTUATOR - Google Patents

Abstract

 Pneumatic drive of a sliding door, containing two pneumatic cylinders, each of which is kinematically connected to the shutters of the sliding door and to the compressed air supply pipes for opening and closing the door, as well as a drive fastening device mounted above the doorway, characterized in that on the end surfaces of each of pneumatic cylinders are equipped with throttles with a non-return valve, connecting pneumatic cylinders with pipelines, respectively, for opening and closing the sliding door, and the fastening device Yes, it is made in the form of at least two brackets formed by two detachable elements, the inner surface of each of which is equipped with arcuate lodgements, mating with the surfaces of the pneumatic cylinders.

Description

The inventive utility model relates to devices for opening and closing sliding doors located in the side walls of a vehicle, in particular, sliding doors of an electric train, and is a pneumatic drive for moving double-leaf sliding doors from one position to another. The device can also be used as a drive for sliding doors, hatches, shutters, used in various sectors of the economy.

A known system of exhibition sliding doors for a vehicle, including at least one door leaf, which is in the closed position in the doorway flush with the outer skin, and in the open position, one door leaf is located outside in front of the skin of the vehicle and in this position releases the door the opening, while the sliding door system is equipped with a drive consisting of an electric motor and driven by a chain or belt drive electric motor, which consist of a front As well as with the guide console, at the end of which there is a pinch roller for belt or chain transmission, the specified guide console is located on the rails parallel to the direction of movement of the slide, at least one first and one second guide rollers for the belt or chain are located on both sides of the console transmission, in addition, the drive includes a gear driven by an electric motor, and the pinch roller is designed to clamp the belt or belt transmission chain to the gear (Cm. patent for invention RU No. 2347688, publication date 2007.08.20, IPC B60J 5/06, B61D 19/00 “Exhibition sliding door system for vehicles”).

The disadvantages of this device is the lack of reliability during operation in harsh conditions of the input - output sliding doors of the electric train, in a wide temperature range and high vandal vulnerability. The complexity and high cost of its design, increased material consumption limits the scope of the device, not allowing it to be used in layout solutions with limited spatial dimensions. The increased complexity of servicing drive units based on chain, belt and gear increases operating costs.

A well-known electrothermal drive for sliding doors of ground transport, comprising a robust housing, in which a power element of a material with a reversible thermal shape memory is installed, one end of which is fixed rigidly at the end of the housing, and the other in the movable element with a rod, the housing is made rectangular in cross section and contains double walls: internal - from solid heat-resistant insulating material, and with longitudinal guide grooves of rectangular cross section along the midline on the inner the side walls, and on the outside the casing is made of metal and has through holes for cooling and lubrication on the upper and lower walls, in addition, the specified power element is made in the form of a double tape with a thin intermediate strip of flexible heat-resistant insulating material between the inner sides of the double tape, which repeatedly, equally and consistently curved in a wavy length and contains many, for example three or more, symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal horizontal axis of the waves, and at During the course of the vertical straight sections of the tape with its longitudinal horizontal axis, the guide mounted movable elements made of heat-resistant dielectric material are inserted into the rectangular guide grooves of the side walls of the housing with their cylindrical or roller pins, and the tape itself is the heating element, the end free ends of which are removed from cases outward and form conclusions for connection to an electric current source (see patent for invention RU No. 2114268, publication date 1998.06.27, IPC 6 E05F 15/20, B60J 5/06, “Electrothermal drive for sliding doors of ground transport”).

The disadvantages of the known device include its high cost and complexity of the design for mass use in electric trains, as well as the low reliability under special conditions of repeated short-time switching and the resulting malfunctions.

A device for external double-leaf entrance doors of an electric train is known, each leaf of which is suspended by brackets to a rail, which, resting on two rows of balls embedded in a separator, moves in a channel-shaped rail. Closing and opening doors is done by the driver from the control cabin.

Doors have an electropneumatic drive. Two pneumatic cylinders are located above the door, each cavity of which is connected to electro-pneumatic valves. The driver uses electro-pneumatic valves to supply air to the front or rear cavity of the cylinder, the stem of which is connected to the door leaf, and thus closes or opens the doors.

The position of the door leaves fixed on the car body is controlled by rotating a special adjusting screw. Upon detection of subsidence or skewing of the door leaves, the hatches located in the upper corners of the door leaves and the door hatch are opened, then the lock washer is bent and the nut released, after which, by turning the screw on the square head, the position of the leaves is adjusted so that the seals fit snugly, and the doors went without jamming. Then tighten the nut and close the hatches. (see the book "Electric Train ER2". Edited by IK Petushkova, ed. M. Transport, 1971, pp. 6-9, Fig. 2.4).

The known device, which is not particularly complex and expensive, does not, however, have high reliability under conditions of tough operation of the sliding doors of the electric train, and the resulting distortions of the wings, changes in the set relative position of the drive elements are accompanied by failures in the operation of the device.

The problem to which the claimed technical solution is directed is to increase the reliability of the device and increase its durability, to provide simplicity and flexibility in adjusting the operating parameters and spatial position of the device.

The solution to this problem is achieved due to the fact that the pneumatic drive of the sliding door, containing two pneumatic cylinders, each of which is kinematically connected with the shutters of the sliding door and pipelines for supplying compressed air to open and close the door, as well as a drive fastening device mounted above the doorway, according to the claimed utility model, equipped with adjustable chokes with check valves mounted on the end surfaces of each of the pneumatic cylinders and connecting the pneumatic cylinders with t uboprovodami respectively for opening and closing the sliding door, wherein the fastening of a drive device is designed as at least two arms formed by two detachable elements, the inner surface of each of which is provided with arcuate cradles, mating surfaces cylinders.

The presence on the end surfaces of each of the pneumatic cylinders of adjustable throttles with check valves connecting the pneumatic cylinders to the pipelines for opening or closing the doors, respectively, allows controlling the supply of compressed air to the rod or rodless cavities of the pneumatic cylinders, providing the necessary pressure of compressed air and, accordingly, the required piston speed kinematically connected with the door leaf, as well as the time of closing or opening the doors.

A flexible change in the technical characteristics of the pneumatic actuator in accordance with the required operating modes of the sliding doors can improve the quality of the sliding doors, improve the accuracy of their coordinated movement, thereby increasing the reliability and durability of their work.

The pneumatic actuator mounting device, made in the form of at least two brackets, each of which is formed by two detachable elements, the inner surface of each of which is equipped with arcuate lodgements, interfaced with the surfaces of the pneumatic cylinders, provides ease and accuracy of installation of the sliding door drive, the flexibility of spatial adjustment placement of pneumatic cylinders and their relative position, increasing the reliability and maintainability of the drive.

Thanks to the implementation of the brackets of two detachable elements, the ease of installation and dismantling of the pneumatic actuator, the flexibility of regulating the relative position of the detachable elements during maintenance of the pneumatic actuator, and the guaranteed parallelism of the pneumatic cylinders, which in turn increases the likelihood of faultless operation of the pneumatic actuator and the required durability of the sliding door, are ensured.

At the same time, brackets consisting of detachable elements of the proposed design, which are interconnected and rigidly fixed above the door opening, form a reliable fastening of the pneumatic actuator that perceives during operation the action of dynamic loads in three mutually perpendicular directions, for example, when an electric train car moves, and also senses temperature loads in a wide range of their changes and compensating for the linear expansion of construction materials resulting from this.

The presence of distinctive features in the claimed technical solution allows us to conclude that it meets the condition of patentability “novelty”. The patentability condition "industrial applicability" is confirmed by the example of a specific implementation.

The essence of the claimed device is illustrated by technical drawings, where:

figure 1 - presents a pneumatic drive sliding door;

figure 2 is a side view of figure 1;

figure 3 - presents the main view of the detachable fastener;

figure 4 is an axial section of a detachable fastener;

figure 5 is a top view of a detachable fastener;

Fig.6 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic circuit diagram of a pneumatic drive of a sliding door.

The pneumatic drive of the sliding doors is made in the form of two pneumatic cylinders 1 and 2, flexible pipelines 3 and 4 of compressed air supply, respectively, for closing and opening the sliding doors. Using a tee 5, a flexible pipe 4 for supplying compressed air for opening sliding doors branches into two flexible tubes: a tube 6 connected to an adjustable throttle 7 fixed to the rodless end surface 8 of the air cylinder 2, and a flexible tube 9 connected to an adjustable throttle 10 fixed on the rodless end surface 11 of the pneumatic cylinder !.

Using a tee 12, the flexible pipe 3 for supplying compressed air for closing the sliding doors is divided into two flexible tubes: a tube 13 connected to an adjustable throttle 14 fixed to the rod end face 15 of the pneumatic cylinder 1, and a flexible tube 16 connected to an adjustable throttle 17 fixed on the rod end surface 18 of the pneumatic cylinder 2.

The pneumatic cylinders 1 and 2 are mounted above the doorway on the wall of the vehicle body by means of two brackets 19 (figure 1), each of which consists of two detachable elements 20 - lower and upper (see figure 2).

The brackets 19 are mounted on the wall of the body using two threaded rods 21. The lower and upper detachable elements 20 are interconnected by means of fixing bolts 22 and locknuts 23 (holes for their placement are shown in FIGS. 4 and 5).

Using the locking screws 24, the brackets 19 are additionally fixed on the couplers 25 of the pneumatic cylinders 1 and 2.

To open the sliding door, compressed air is supplied from the vehicle’s pneumatic system to the flexible pipe 4 for supplying compressed air to open the sliding door, then through the tee 5 the compressed air enters through the flexible tube 6 into an adjustable throttle 7 located in the rodless end surface 8, where pressure is converted and flow velocity, and filling the rodless cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 1, creates pressure on the piston with a rod, which is kinematically connected with the shutter of the sliding door.

Similarly and synchronously, in the normal mode, another shutter of the sliding door opens. At the same time, through the tee 5, compressed air flows through a flexible tube 9 into an adjustable throttle 10 located in the rodless end surface 11, where pressure and flow velocity are converted, and filling the rodless cavity of the pneumatic cylinder 1, creates pressure on the piston with a rod, which is kinematically connected with sash sliding door.

As a result, compressed air moves the pistons with the rods of the pneumatic cylinders 1 and 2 outward, in the direction of opening the shutter doors and ensures their retention in the open position. In this case, the throttles 14 and 17 regulate the opening speed of the corresponding flaps of the sliding door.

To close the sliding door, compressed air is supplied to the flexible pipe 3 for supplying compressed air to close the sliding doors, then through the tee 12 the compressed air simultaneously enters through flexible tubes 13 and 16, respectively, into the adjustable chokes 14 and 17 located in the rod end surfaces 15 and 18, where the pressure and flow rate of compressed air are regulated, and filling the rod cavities of the pneumatic cylinders 1 and 2, creates pressure on the pistons with rods that are kinematically connected with the corresponding flaps of the sliding door . As a result, compressed air moves the pistons with the pneumatic cylinder rods inward, towards the closing of the sliding door flaps, and ensures their strong hold in the closed position. In this case, the adjustable chokes 10 and 7 respectively control the closing speed of the corresponding flaps of the sliding door.

Thanks to the use of a non-return valve integrated in each adjustable throttle, safe and trouble-free operation of the pneumatic door drive during vehicle movement is ensured, eliminating the occurrence of emergency situations when the compressed air pressure drops, which leads to spontaneous opening of the door.

Thus, the claimed technical solution allows you to effectively control the doors of the sliding door by adjusting the force and speed of movement of the leaves using throttles with a check valve while increasing reliability and durability.

Also, the possibility of regulating the working force of the pneumatic cylinders to synchronize the opening or closing of the leaves, in case of possible changes in friction in the mechanical joints of the door leaves related to the mismatch of the movement of the leaves, also affects the reliability and flexibility of regulating the operation of sliding doors.

This technical solution ensures the guaranteed parallelism of the pneumatic cylinders tightly attached to the lodgements of the detachable elements of the mounting brackets, makes it possible to regulate the position of the pneumatic actuator mounting brackets, the ability to adjust the position of the pneumatic cylinder, provides a predetermined distance between the bracket mounting holes, increasing the reliability and durability of the pneumatic sliding door drive.

This simplifies installation and dismantling of the pneumatic actuator, provides convenience and reduces the time spent on maintenance of the device.

The manufacture of piston and rod seals, as well as flexible tubes of the pneumatic system, from modern durable, antifriction and heat-resistant materials ensures high reliability of the pneumatic drive.

Claims (1)

Pneumatic drive of a sliding door, containing two pneumatic cylinders, each of which is kinematically connected to the shutters of the sliding door and to the compressed air supply pipes for opening and closing the door, as well as a drive fastening device installed above the doorway, characterized in that on the end surfaces of each pneumatic cylinders are equipped with throttles with a non-return valve, connecting pneumatic cylinders with pipelines, respectively, for opening and closing the sliding door, and the fastening device Yes, it is made in the form of at least two brackets formed by two detachable elements, the inner surface of each of which is equipped with arcuate lodgements, mating with the surfaces of the pneumatic cylinders.