RU88526U1 - DEVICE FOR DETERMINING THE VOLUME OF BIOLOGICAL MATERIAL OF OBJECTS OF INCORRECT GEOMETRIC FORM - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for determining the volume of biological material of objects of irregular geometric shape, characterized in that it includes a vessel, the size of which corresponds to the immersed biological object with a branch pipe, a measuring cylinder, scales, a liquid of known density.

Description

The utility model relates to medicine, namely to anatomy, surgery, pathological anatomy, topographic anatomy, forensic medicine can be used to perform accurate measurements of the volume of biological objects - organs, parts of organs that have irregular geometric shapes.

The determination of the color, size, shape, mass, volume and consistency of the parathyroid glands (thyroid gland) is mandatory for the differential diagnosis of thyroid gland diseases (Variations in the parathyroid glands. Number, situation and arterial vascularization. Anatomical study and surgical application / JFDelattre, JBFlament, JP Palot et al. // J. Chir. (Paris) .- 1982.- Vol. 119, No. 11. — P.633-641 .; Wang C. The anatomic basis of parathyroid surgery // Ann. Surg. - 1976. - Vol. 183, No. 3. - P.271-275). In terms of geometry, the thyroid gland is an irregularly shaped body.

A known method for determining the volume of objects or bodies of regular geometric shape with a known shape and linear dimensions of the studied object.

Example. Cube volume = length × height × width (Pogorelov A.V. Geometry textbook for grades 7–9 of educational institutions: M. Education, 2001). This method is not applicable to biological objects, since it cannot be brought to any regular geometric figure.

The volume of an object of irregular geometric shape is determined by the following formula: V = M / P, where V is the volume of the studied object, M is the mass of the object, P is the density of the object (Peryshkin A.V., Rodina N.A., Physics textbook for 7 high school class. M. Education, 1989). This method is not applicable in medicine, since the density of biological material can be determined approximately and the determination of its volume by this method will be inaccurate and have a large error.

A known method for determining the volume of bodies or objects of irregular geometric shapes using measuring laboratory glassware (Pravdin P.V. Laboratory devices and equipment made of glass and porcelain: Ref. M: Chemistry, 1988, 336 p.). However, organs or parts of organs of sufficiently large dimensions are measured, which leads to the use of vessels of large diameters. But in laboratory practice it is known that the larger the diameter of the measuring vessel, the greater the error of the measurement (Pravdin P.V. Laboratory devices and equipment made of glass and porcelain: Ref. M: Chemistry, 1988, 336 p.). Measured glassware has an average error of ± 0.2%, and measuring cylinders range from 1% to 2% (A.P. Kreshkov, A.A. Yaroslavtsev. Analytical chemistry course. M., Chemistry Publishing House, Vol. 2. , 1975 .-- 320 p.).

Dishes with higher measurement accuracy, as a rule, of small diameter and, accordingly, volume and therefore not suitable for measuring larger objects. For example, the volume of the thyroid gland in the norm is not more than 18 cm ³ , the thyroid gland is 0.8 cm ³ , and in the conditions of the pathological process it is obviously larger. Based on the need for accurate volume measurement, we offer "A device for determining the volume of biological material, objects of irregular geometric shape."

The purpose of the utility model is the development of a device that allows with high accuracy to measure the volume of the organ as a whole, part of the organ in morphology, as well as the volume of biological material removed during surgery.

The device (figure 1) is a vessel (1) of the required size for free immersion in it of a biological object (7) to be measured. A drain pipe (2) is mounted in the vessel wall at an angle of less than 90 ° with respect to the wall. In addition, a measuring cylinder (3) of the volume corresponding to the object being measured is used, with a division price of 0.1 ml or less. The cylinder is mounted on the scales (4), the weight of the empty cylinder is taken as the beginning of the reference scale - “zero”.

The operation of the device is as follows. A vessel (1) with a drain pipe (2) is filled with a liquid of known density (5) until excess liquid begins to pour out through a pipe (2) mounted in the wall of the vessel. The filling of the vessel stops, excess fluid is allowed to drain, its level (6) at this stage of measurement is taken as the initial one. A measuring cylinder (3) is placed under the tube (2), mounted on the balance (4). In the vessel (1) is placed biological material (7), the volume of which must be determined. A volume of liquid equal to the volume of the measured biological material is displaced through the mounted tube (2) into the measuring cylinder (3). The volume of the displaced liquid (V) is recorded according to the readings of the measuring cylinder (3) and its weight (M) according to the readings of the scales (4).

To perform an accurate volume measurement, the measured object must be completely immersed in the liquid. For this, the liquid must obviously have a lower density than the object under study.

Its volume is calculated based on the known density and the measured mass of the displaced fluid (V = M / P, where V is the volume of the test object, M is the mass (weight) of the displaced fluid, P is its density, taking into account the ambient temperature).

The proposed device allows you to accurately determine the volume of objects of irregular geometric shape.

Description for drawing

Figure 1. A device for determining the volume of biological material, objects of irregular geometric shape.

1 - a vessel corresponding in size to the biological material (object) immersed in it;

2 - outlet pipe;

3 - measuring cylinder;

4 - scales;

5 - liquid of known density;

6 - initial, “zero” level of liquid of known density;

7 - biological material, the volume of which must be measured;

Claims (1)

A device for determining the volume of biological material of objects of irregular geometric shape, characterized in that it includes a vessel, the size of which corresponds to the immersed biological object with a branch pipe, a measuring cylinder, scales, a liquid of known density.