CN211262980U - Elasticity modulus measuring apparatu - Google Patents
Elasticity modulus measuring apparatu Download PDFInfo
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- CN211262980U CN211262980U CN201721748927.9U CN201721748927U CN211262980U CN 211262980 U CN211262980 U CN 211262980U CN 201721748927 U CN201721748927 U CN 201721748927U CN 211262980 U CN211262980 U CN 211262980U
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及物理实验装置技术领域,尤其是一种弹性模量测量仪。它包括沿竖直方向并行设置的模量显示连通器和内部填充有液体介质的介质容器、由介质容器的顶端口套装于介质容器内并与介质容器的内周壁滑动接触的活塞、与活塞的上表面相接触以用于与被测物的底端相连的砝码托、置于砝码托的正上方以用于与被测物的顶端相连的被测物固定器及用于将模量显示连通器的底端口与介质容器的底端口相连通的介质连通管。本实用新型可依据连通器原理对被测物的弹性模量进行直观、便捷、快速准确的测量;其结构简单、拆装操作方便、成本低廉,能够有效满足各个领域内对弹性模量的测量需求。
The utility model relates to the technical field of physical experiment devices, in particular to an elastic modulus measuring instrument. It includes a modulus display connector and a medium container filled with liquid medium, which are arranged in parallel along the vertical direction, a piston that is sheathed in the medium container by the top port of the medium container and is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral wall of the medium container. A weight holder with the upper surface in contact for connection with the bottom end of the measured object, a measured object holder placed just above the weight holder for connection with the top end of the measured object, and a measured object holder for connecting the modulus A medium communication pipe is shown in which the bottom port of the communication device communicates with the bottom port of the medium container. The utility model can perform intuitive, convenient, fast and accurate measurement of the elastic modulus of the measured object according to the principle of the connector; the utility model has the advantages of simple structure, convenient disassembly and assembly operation, low cost, and can effectively satisfy the measurement of the elastic modulus in various fields. need.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及物理实验装置技术领域,尤其是一种弹性模量测量仪。The utility model relates to the technical field of physical experiment devices, in particular to an elastic modulus measuring instrument.
背景技术Background technique
弹性模量(又称杨氏模量)是反应固体材料抵抗形变能力的一个重要物理量,也是选定工程材料的重要依据。目前,无论是在物理实验教学过程中还是工程技术实验过程中,通常利用光杠杆测量系统(或装置)以光杠杆法对材料进行弹性模量的测量;其中,光杠杆测量系统(或装置)主要由望远镜、支架、小反射平面镜、金属丝固定件、标尺、砝码、游标卡尺、米尺等组成,在测量过程中利用望远镜观察标尺的像,然后渐渐加砝码使金属丝被拉长,然后根据金属丝的微小伸长量、小反射平面镜转过的角度及望远镜像中标尺读数差的关系来测得金属丝的杨氏弹性模量。然而,这种装置却普遍存在如下缺陷:1、结构复杂、成本高、操作繁琐、放大倍数小;2、在每次增加砝码时所施的力容易发生突变,对被测物影响较大,从而影响了测量的精度;3、操作过程中不易保持施力的平衡性,连续操作性差。Elastic modulus (also known as Young's modulus) is an important physical quantity that reflects the ability of solid materials to resist deformation, and is also an important basis for selecting engineering materials. At present, both in the process of physical experiment teaching or in the process of engineering technology experiments, the optical lever measurement system (or device) is usually used to measure the elastic modulus of materials by the optical lever method; among them, the optical lever measurement system (or device) It is mainly composed of a telescope, a bracket, a small reflecting plane mirror, a wire fixing piece, a ruler, a weight, a vernier caliper, a meter ruler, etc. During the measurement process, the telescope is used to observe the image of the ruler, and then the weight is gradually added to make the wire elongated. Then, the Young's modulus of elasticity of the metal wire is measured according to the relationship between the small elongation of the metal wire, the rotation angle of the small reflecting plane mirror and the reading difference of the scale in the telescope image. However, this device generally has the following defects: 1. The structure is complex, the cost is high, the operation is cumbersome, and the magnification is small; 2. The force applied each time the weight is increased is prone to sudden changes, which has a greater impact on the measured object. , which affects the measurement accuracy; 3. It is difficult to maintain the balance of the force during the operation, and the continuous operability is poor.
实用新型内容Utility model content
针对上述现有技术存在的不足,本实用新型的目的在于提供一种弹性模量测量仪。Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an elastic modulus measuring instrument.
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型采用如下技术方案:In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:
一种弹性模量测量仪,它包括一沿竖直方向设置的模量显示连通器、一与模量显示连通器并行设置且内部填充有液体介质的介质容器、一由介质容器的顶端口套装于介质容器内并与介质容器的内周壁滑动接触的活塞、一与活塞的上表面相接触以用于与被测物的底端相连的砝码托、一置于砝码托的正上方以用于与被测物的顶端相连的被测物固定器以及一用于将模量显示连通器的底端口与介质容器的底端口相连通的介质连通管。An elastic modulus measuring instrument, which comprises a modulus display communication device arranged along the vertical direction, a medium container arranged in parallel with the modulus display communication device and filled with a liquid medium, and a top port sleeve of the medium container. A piston in the medium container and in sliding contact with the inner peripheral wall of the medium container; A test object holder for connecting with the top end of the test object and a medium communication pipe for connecting the bottom port of the modulus display communication device with the bottom port of the medium container.
优选地,所述液体介质为蓖麻油。Preferably, the liquid medium is castor oil.
优选地,所述模量显示连通器包括沿竖直方向设置的刻度板以及沿竖直方向装设于刻度板上的连通管,所述刻度板上设置有与连通管平行分布的刻度表,所述连通管的底端口通过介质连通管与介质容器的底端口相连、顶端口与外部相通。Preferably, the modulus display communicating device includes a scale plate arranged in a vertical direction and a communication pipe installed on the scale plate in a vertical direction, and a scale table arranged in parallel with the communication pipe is arranged on the scale plate, The bottom port of the communication pipe is connected with the bottom port of the medium container through the medium communication pipe, and the top port is communicated with the outside.
优选地,所述连通管为由透明材料制作而成的管状结构体。Preferably, the communication pipe is a tubular structure made of transparent material.
优选地,所述介质容器的内径为连通管的内径的整数倍。Preferably, the inner diameter of the medium container is an integer multiple of the inner diameter of the communication pipe.
由于采用了上述方案,本实用新型可通过对介质容器的容积和模量显示连通器的容积的选择配置,使测试人员能够依据连通器原理对被测物的弹性模量进行直观、便捷、快速准确的测量;其结构简单紧凑、拆装操作方便、成本低廉,能够有效满足各个领域内对弹性模量的测量需求,具有很强的实用价值和市场推广价值。Due to the adoption of the above scheme, the present invention can display the volume and modulus of the medium container through the selection and configuration of the volume of the communication connector, so that the tester can intuitively, conveniently and quickly conduct an intuitive, convenient and rapid analysis of the elastic modulus of the tested object according to the principle of the communication device. Accurate measurement; its structure is simple and compact, easy to disassemble and operate, low cost, can effectively meet the measurement needs of elastic modulus in various fields, and has strong practical value and market promotion value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型实施例的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下结合附图对本实用新型的实施例进行详细说明,但是本实用新型可以由权利要求限定和覆盖的多种不同方式实施。The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the claims.
如图1所示,本实施例提供的一种弹性模量测量仪,它包括:As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment provides an elastic modulus measuring instrument, which includes:
一模量显示连通器a,其具有顶端口和底端口,并且沿竖直方向进行设置;a modulus display connector a, which has a top port and a bottom port, and is arranged in a vertical direction;
一介质容器b,其采用与模量显示连通器a呈并行设置的形式,介质容器b的整体形状采用与模量显示连通器a的主体部分相同的形状(如圆筒状或圆管状等等,并且具有顶端口和底端口),同时在介质容器b的内部填充有液体介质(图中未标注);A medium container b, which is arranged in parallel with the modulus display communication device a, and the overall shape of the medium container b adopts the same shape as the main part of the modulus display communication device a (such as a cylindrical shape or a circular tube shape, etc. , and has a top port and a bottom port), and the interior of the medium container b is filled with a liquid medium (not marked in the figure);
一活塞c,其由介质容器b的顶端口套装于介质容器b内并与介质容器b的内周壁滑动接触;a piston c, which is sheathed in the medium container b by the top port of the medium container b and is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral wall of the medium container b;
一砝码托d,其与活塞c的上表面相接触以用于与诸如钢丝等被测物A的底端相连;a weight holder d, which is in contact with the upper surface of the piston c for connecting with the bottom end of the measured object A such as a steel wire;
一被测物固定器e,其置于砝码托d的正上方以用于与诸如钢丝等被测物A的顶端相连,其具体结构可根据实际需要进行选择,如夹具、挂装器具等等;A measured object holder e, which is placed just above the weight holder d for connecting with the top of the measured object A such as steel wire, and its specific structure can be selected according to actual needs, such as clamps, hanging appliances, etc. Wait;
和一介质连通管f,其可由诸如塑胶等材料制作而成以用于将模量显示连通器a的底端口与介质容器b的底端口相连通。and a medium communication pipe f, which can be made of materials such as plastics for connecting the bottom port of the modulus display connector a with the bottom port of the medium container b.
本实施例的测量仪可依据连通器原理对被测物A的弹性模量进行直观、便捷、快速准确的测量;具体为:以被测物A是钢丝为例,将钢丝挂装于被测物固定器e与砝码托d之间后通过向砝码托d上加装砝码B后,砝码托d会推动活塞c向下移动(与此同时,钢丝即会被拉伸),从而将介质容器b内的液体介质通过介质连通管f被挤压进模量显示连通器a内,由于活塞c下移的量即为钢丝的伸长量,而这个伸长量则会通过进入模量显示连通器a中液体介质的量被直观体现出来,在具体设计时,可通过对介质容器b的容积和模量显示连通器a的容积的选择配置(如将介质容器b的内径与模量显示连通器a的内径进行固定倍数关系的设置),测试人员可精准快速且直观地获取弹性模量数值;同时整个测量仪结构简单、拆装操作方便、成本低廉,能够有效满足各个领域内对弹性模量的测量需求。The measuring instrument of this embodiment can measure the elastic modulus of the measured object A intuitively, conveniently, quickly and accurately according to the principle of the connector; specifically: take the measured object A as a steel wire as an example, hang the steel wire on the measured object After adding the weight B to the weight holder d between the object holder e and the weight holder d, the weight holder d will push the piston c to move down (at the same time, the steel wire will be stretched), Therefore, the liquid medium in the medium container b is squeezed into the modulus display communication device a through the medium communication pipe f. Since the amount of the piston c moving down is the elongation of the steel wire, and this elongation will pass through the The modulus shows that the amount of liquid medium in the connector a is directly reflected. In the specific design, the volume and modulus of the medium container b can be used to display the selected configuration of the volume of the connector a (such as the inner diameter of the medium container b and the The modulus displays the inner diameter of the connector a (set a fixed multiple relationship), and the tester can obtain the elastic modulus value accurately, quickly and intuitively; at the same time, the whole measuring instrument has a simple structure, convenient disassembly and assembly operations, and low cost, which can effectively meet various fields. Internal requirements for the measurement of elastic modulus.
作为一个优选方案,本实施例的液体介质优选为蓖麻油,从而利用蓖麻油所具有的流动性好、摩擦系数低、具有一定的颜色的特点,可有效降低活塞c与介质容器b之间的摩擦力,并且便于测试人员对测试数值的读取。当然,液体介质也可采用其他具有类似性能的液体。As a preferred solution, the liquid medium in this embodiment is preferably castor oil, so that the castor oil has the characteristics of good fluidity, low friction coefficient and certain color, which can effectively reduce the friction between the piston c and the medium container b. Friction, and it is convenient for testers to read the test value. Of course, other liquids with similar properties can also be used as the liquid medium.
为最大限度地简化整个测量仪的结构,同时为测试人员直观、快速、准确地读取测试数值提供有利条件,本实施例的模量显示连通器a包括沿竖直方向设置的刻度板10以及沿竖直方向装设于刻度板10上的连通管20,在刻度板10上设置有与连通管20平行分布的刻度表30,而连通管20的底端口则通过介质连通管f与介质容器b的底端口相连、顶端口与外部相通。由此,当液体介质被挤压进连通管20内后,测试人员可通过连通管20的液位所对应的刻度表30来快速获取测试数值,从而通过介质容器b与连通管20之间的内径配置关系来最终获取钢丝的弹性模量数值。In order to simplify the structure of the entire measuring instrument to the greatest extent, and to provide favorable conditions for testers to read the test values intuitively, quickly and accurately, the modulus display connector a of this embodiment includes a scale plate 10 arranged in the vertical direction and The
作为一个优选方案,本实施例的连通管20可根据具体情况采用由诸如塑料、玻璃等透明材料制作而成的管状结构体。As a preferred solution, the
另外,为能够提高放大倍数,本实施例的介质容器b的内径为连通管20的内径的整数倍(如10倍等等)。由此,当活塞c推动液体介质在介质容器b内下移一个小量时,依据连通器原理,连通管20内的液位将上升一个较大的量,利用介质容器b与连通管20的内径之间的倍数关系,即可将钢丝的伸长量进行倍数的放大,便于测试人员获取相应的测试数值。In addition, in order to increase the magnification, the inner diameter of the medium container b in this embodiment is an integer multiple (eg, 10 times, etc.) of the inner diameter of the
以上所述仅为本实用新型的优选实施例,并非因此限制本实用新型的专利范围,凡是利用本实用新型说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构或等效流程变换,或直接或间接运用在其他相关的技术领域,均同理包括在本实用新型的专利保护范围内。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the contents of the description and accompanying drawings of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to Other related technical fields are similarly included in the scope of patent protection of the present invention.
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