RU86329U1 - ADAPTIVE CONTROL DEVICE FOR SEMI-CONTINUOUS ACTION REACTOR - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for adaptive control of a semi-continuous reactor containing a jacket and a coil connected in series, an agitator with an engine, an unloading valve, measuring instruments for the temperature of the reaction mass, the flow rate of the dosed component, an adjustable agitator drive, consisting of an engine and a static unit for programmatically controlling its rotation speed, a control valve on the line feeding the dosed component into the reactor, made shut-off with a logarithmic flow characteristic, electro-pneumatic an analog converter located at the control valve actuator, a microprocessor controller with a monitor and a printer, an adaptive temperature regulator for the reaction mixture, adaptive compensators for fluctuations in the temperature of the reaction mixture and the flow rate of the dosed component, and a software controller for the speed of the stirrer motor as a function of the volume of the dosed component into the reactor, programmed in the microprocessor controller, the supply pipe of the dosed component from the tank - storage, followed by connected through a control valve and a flow meter with a pressure pipe lowered directly under the mirror of the reaction mixture into the mixer operating zone, the output from the temperature sensors of the reaction mixture and the flow rate of the dosed component being connected to the second and fourth inputs of the microprocessor controller, respectively, and the first output from the static block the speed control of the mixer motor is connected to the first input of the microprocessor controller, and the second output from it is directed to the mesh engine

Description

The utility model relates to the field of control of objects with unsteady dynamics in the presence of a wide range of uncontrolled external disturbances and a variable degree of filling of a semi-continuous reactor (RPND) - hereinafter the reactor relates, in particular, to the issue of programmatically changing the temperature of the reaction mass and the speed of rotation of the mixer as a function of either electrical conductivity of the reaction mass, or the integral of the metered component. The utility model can find application in many industries in the production of various target products (pigments, varnishes, oils, motor fuels, drugs, vitamins and high-energy components).

There are a large number of methods and devices for the rational management of RPND, each of which is used based on the characteristics of the feed of the initial components, kinetics and thermodynamics of the process and the achieved level of scientific and technological progress.

1. A.S.№1101293 A, IPC B01J 19/00; G05D 27/00 publ. 1984; A.S. No. 539598, 735293; A.S. No. 1118405 A, IPC B01J 19/00, publ. B.I. 1984, No. 38.

2. Features of a semi-continuous action reactor as a control object in organic synthesis processes. Sakhnenko V.I. and others. The journal "Chemical industry", 1995, No. 4, S.37-45.

3. Problems of automation of a semi-continuous reactor. Sakhnenko V.I. and others. The journal "Chemical and Pharmaceutical Journal", 1996, No. 2, S. 42-46.

A device for automatic control of RPND is described in the article "Issues of operational reliability of the process of nitration of methyl ester of chlorohydrin styrene in RPND" (see "Chemical and Pharmaceutical Journal, 1998, No. 2, S.221-226 // S.226, Fig. 5).

The disadvantages of the device are:

1. The low accuracy of stabilization of the temperature of the reaction mass (± 0.5 ° C), due to the lack of correction to take into account the mutual influence of temperature fluctuations of the reaction mass and other intermediate coordinates of the control object (OS) - RPND on the feed of the dosed component.

2. Installation of a single-valve system on the discharge line of the supply tank with a dosed component, which does not allow to provide the required accuracy of temperature control during the entire time of the batching process and at the same time realize its minimum duration.

3. The inability to accurately measure the increment of the level of the reaction mass in the RPND with its variable composition, leading to significant changes in the electrophysical and thermophysical properties of the reaction mass (density, electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, heat capacity). This disadvantage makes it impossible to correctly adjust the speed of the mixer motor, which increases the dosage duration.

4. The need to use a supply tank for accurately measuring a certain volume of the dosed component, necessary for only one technological operation, negatively affects the duration of the dosage, since the value of the static pressure of the liquid in the supply tank decreases as the component drains gradually, which leads to a gradual decrease its submission to the RPND.

A device for automatic control of an exothermic process in RPND is described, which contains the actual control object with heat exchangers in the form of a jacket and a coil, an agitator with an adjustable drive, a control valve on the supply line of the dosed component, temperature sensors, reaction mass, coolant temperature at the inlet to the heat exchange devices, its flow rate and flow rate of the component to be dosed, as well as the rotation speed of the mixer motor, adaptive temperature control of the reaction mass, the first and second adapt explicit compensators for taking into account temperature fluctuations and the flow rate of the refrigerant entering the heat exchangers, the integrator of the flow rate of the dosed component, two adders (AS No. 1804903, publ. BI No. 12, 1993).

The disadvantages of the device include:

1. The low accuracy of stabilization of the temperature of the reaction mass ((± 0.25 ° C), due to the lack of consideration of fluctuations in the input and output coordinates of the object (flow of the dosed component and the temperature of the reaction mass) in the control loop of the specified parameter.

2. Low reliability due to information redundancy of the control circuit (temperature and flow rate of the refrigerant are additionally controlled).

3. The use of local element-wise pneumatic automation means negatively affects both the metrological and reliability characteristics of the device, and its dynamic qualities. As the closest analogue of the proposed utility model adopted device for automatic control of a semi-continuous reactor (Patent RU No. 2294556, IPC G05D 27/00, publ. 02.27.2007) - Automatic control devices for a semi-continuous reactor. "

The device comprises a reactor with a jacket and a coil connected in series, an agitator with an engine, a reactor loading valve, equipped with power and material flow supply and output pipes, a static control unit, a shut-off and control valve with a logarithmic flow characteristic on the dosing component supply line to the reactor located next to an analog electro-pneumatic converter.

As information channels, temperature meters (6) of the reaction mass, the flow rate of the dosed component and the speed of rotation of the mixer are used.

Regulatory influences are generated in a microprocessor controller (MPC), in which adaptive principles for implementing systems with a variable structure operating in a sliding mode are programmed: a regulator, compensators for disturbances taking into account changes in the temperature of the reaction mass and the flow rate of the dosed component, as well as a software system for controlling the speed of rotation of the mixer motor. The outputs from the parameter meters through the IPC are connected to the corresponding inputs of the inverters of the shutoff-control valve and the mixer motor. The disadvantages of the device include:

1. Overspending of one of the components previously added to the reactor.

2. The increased duration of the filing of another dosed component.

The objective of the utility model is to reduce the consumption of one of the starting components and to reduce the dosage duration of the component.

The essence of the proposed utility model consists in the fact that a device for adaptive control of a semi-continuous reactor is proposed, equipped with a series-connected jacket with a component and coolant supply pipe, a coil, an agitator with an engine, an unloading valve, containing measuring instruments for the temperature of the reaction mass, the flow rate of the dosed component, and an adjustable agitator drive consisting of an engine and a static block of programmed regulation of its rotation speed, a control valve on the supply line for a component to be monitored into a reactor made with a shut-off control with a logarithmic flow characteristic, an electro-pneumatic analog converter located at the control valve actuator, a microprocessor controller with a monitor and printer, an adaptive controller of the reaction mass temperature, and adaptive compensators for accounting for fluctuations in the temperature of the reaction mass and the flow rate of the dosed component, at the same time, the nozzle for feeding the dosed component from the storage tank is sequentially through the control valve and a flow meter is connected to a pressure pipe, lowered under the mirror of the reaction mass, directly into the working area of the mixer, and the output from the temperature sensors of the reaction mass and the flow rate of the dosed component are connected to the second and fourth inputs of the microprocessor controller, respectively, and the first output from the static speed control unit the rotation of the mixer motor is connected to the first input of the microprocessor controller, and the second output from it is directed to the mixer motor, the first output from the microprocessor Foot controller connected to the input of the static program control unit stirrer rotation speed, and the second output is directed to the input of an analog electro-pneumatic converter. The device additionally contains a submersible conductometer in the reactor, the output of which is connected to the third input of the microprocessor controller, a rectifying unit rigidly connected along the internal circuit with low coil turns and located under the mixer, a channel switch, functional and adaptive blocks for programmatically changing the temperature of the reaction mass as a function from the readings of the conductometer or according to the integral of the flow rate of the dosed component programmed in the microprocessor controller, and the coil in height equipped with a circulation window located in a circular circuit with the lower coil of the coil and equal in height to two to three diameters of the coil winding pipe, and the channel commander, functional and adaptive blocks for programmatically changing the temperature of the reaction mass as a function of the readings of the conductivity meter or the flow rate integral of the batch component are programmed in the microprocessor controller.

In order to justify this utility model, we give the following.

1. In many industries where the technology of organic synthesis with exothermic reactions is widely used, up to 70% of its implementation falls on RPND. Despite such widespread use of reactors of this type, their level of automation is still relatively low due to insufficient knowledge of the specific features of the RPND as an object of control and the potential danger of the processes themselves.

The peculiarity of the RPND, and therefore its complexity, is due to the non-stationary nature of the dynamic characteristics along the channels of control and disturbing influences, which makes it difficult to stabilize the temperature in the reactor with high dynamic accuracy at each stage of its program change. The potential danger of the processes themselves consists primarily in their exothermicity, as well as in that latent enormous concentration of interatomic binding energy, which is formed during the synthesis of a high-energy target product.

In the event of an accidental combination of adverse circumstances (violation of the temperature regime, dosage, mixing, cooling, leakage in the heat exchangers of the reactor), the potential danger of the process can turn into real energy of the explosion with great material damage. That is why the synthesis of a highly effective adaptive RPND control system is a successful solution to these problems.

2. The specific name of the reactor is associated with the type of supply and unloading of material flows, when one of the initial reagents is poured into the reactor completely, before the start of the dosage process, and the other is then fed continuously, in the mode of controlled recharge, in order to exclude both overheating and cooling of the reaction masses. The unloading of the reaction mass is carried out periodically at the end of the dosing and aging processes.

3. The adjustable drive, being the power base of many production processes in other industries, for example, metallurgical and transport, is still very limitedly used in the chemical industry, which negatively affects the increase in their efficiency. The use of a static unit for programmatically controlling the speed of rotation of the mixer motor according to the frequency of supply of its voltage makes it possible to use in this case a simple and reliable squirrel-cage induction motor with a wide range of variation of its rotation speed, providing high efficiency of the process, and also guaranteeing significant facilitation of starting modes, which eliminates unacceptable inrush currents in the power supply network.

4. The advantage of RPND is that it creates the best physicochemical conditions (medium parameters, the nature of its movement) for the process, the simplified algorithm of start-stop modes is used, and in continuous reactors (RND), the advantages of the process implementation technique are provided (methods of input of initial reagents and product withdrawal, ease of automation). The desire to improve the physicochemical conditions of the processes in the RPD (sectioning, a small degree of conversion, the use of a cascade of reactors) leads to the reproduction of the conditions characteristic of the processes implemented in the RND, makes the installation more expensive, and the production more complicated.

As a result of the development of an adaptive RPND control algorithm, the process carried out in it becomes essentially technologically continuous, remaining the same according to the physicochemical conditions of the reaction. In this case, it combines the advantages of the processes implemented both in the RND and in the RPND, while being simultaneously deprived of a number of disadvantages inherent in each of them individually.

5. The reaction rate is very sensitive to temperature changes, which is clear from the Arrhenius equation for the reaction rate constant:

K = Ko · e ^{-E / RT}

where K is the rate constant of a first-order chemical reaction, s ^-1

K _o - preexponential factor,

E is the activation energy, J / mol;

R is the universal gas constant;

T is the temperature, K.

The influence of temperature on the reaction rate may be the only reason indicating the need for its gradual increase with the depletion of the initial component, previously filled in the reactor.

When conducting reverse reactions by changing the temperature of the reaction mass, one can change the equilibrium in the numerical direction, which positively affects the yield of the target product.

One way to increase the reaction rate is to increase the temperature, since temperature is a measure of the kinetic energy of the particles of a substance, and with its increase, the process accelerates in the desired direction.

So, with an increase in temperature by 10 K, the rate of a chemical reaction increases 2-4 times. When the temperature is raised to 150 K, the rate of this reaction increases by 2.6 times ^15, i.e., 1677260 times. Thus, an uncontrolled rise in temperature can cause an emergency.

That is why it is very important to ensure temperature stabilization with high dynamic accuracy at each stage of its program change, which is successfully solved when the program setter (block) with a variable structure is in sliding mode, ensuring its full adaptation to changing operating conditions of the control object.

6. Installing a straightening unit under the propeller mixer with a rigid connection along the circuit with the lower turns of the coil helps to create an axial flow of the reaction mass, which provides better heat removal conditions and prevents the formation of a funnel, which reduces the mixing efficiency. When unloading the reaction mass, the ongoing operation of the propeller stirrer with the creation of a powerful hydrodynamic pressure directed from top to bottom (also with the purpose of unloading the shaft from its weight), significantly accelerates its unloading, significantly reducing the duration of this auxiliary stage.

7. The use of a coil with a “window opening” located at half its height will make it possible to create an effective axial circulation of the reaction mass with an initial degree of filling of the reactor with a minimum speed of rotation of the mixer. In this case, the reaction mass circulates around the coil through this “window opening”. Otherwise, the power of the mixer and the volume of the reaction mass will not be enough for the reaction mass to be thrown over the full height of the coil: stagnant zones with emergency consequences will begin to arise.

The content of the utility model is illustrated by the following figures:

- functional diagram of the adaptive control RPND (figure 1);

- structural diagram of adaptive control RPND (figure 2);

- structural diagram of adaptive compensators for uncontrolled disturbances (figure 3);

- structural diagram of an adaptive block programmatically changing the temperature of the reaction mass in RPND (figure 4);

- a graph of changes in the volume of the component pre-poured into the reactor and the temperature of the reaction mass depending on the control mode (Fig. 5);

- a schedule for changing the dosage duration depending on the temperature control mode of the maximum mass (Fig.6);

- a graph of the change in the electrical conductivity of the reaction mass depending on the dosage duration with programmed control of the temperature of the reaction mass (Fig. 7).

The functional diagram of the adaptive control device RPND (figure 1) includes the actual reactor 1, consisting of series-connected heat exchangers: a jacket 2 and a coil 3 through pipe rewinding 4. The coil 3 in its middle part along the level and around the perimeter is equipped with a circular circular opening 5 equal in height to two to three diameters of the coil winding pipe. An agitator 6 is installed inside the reactor 1, which is connected via a shaft 7 through a reducer 8 to the agitator motor 9 located outside the reactor in its upper part. Under the mixer, a straightening unit 10 is attached to the lower turns of the coil along its inner contour.

An unloading valve 12 is mounted in the bottom of the reactor 11. It also performs the functions of an emergency relief valve 13 for reaction masses when abnormal conditions occur during synthesis.

To supply a high-energy refrigerant 14 to the jacket 2 of the reactor 1, a nozzle 15 is provided that is installed at the bottom of the jacket.

The following nozzles are inserted into the reactor lid 1:

17 - supply of refrigerant from the shirt 2 to the input of the coil 3 through the pipe jumper 4;

18 - filling the reactor 1 with the initial component 19 to level 20;

21 - filing of the dosed component 22 to level 23;

24 - exit refrigerant 25 with reduced entropy from the coil 3;

26 - exhaust system of the reactor for the removal of gaseous reaction products 27. The semicircular dashed arrows 28 indicate the circulation of the reaction mass in the coil 3 with the initial degree of filling of the reactor 1 (from level 23) and a low speed of rotation of the stirrer 6, and semicircular solid 29 - with an average degree of filling reactor (up to level 26) and an increased speed of rotation of the mixer 6.

In the reactor 1 control:

- the temperature of the reaction mass by means of a temperature Converter 30, IPC 31, equipped with a display and a printer;

- electrical conductivity of the reaction mass using an immersion conductivity meter 32 and a microprocessor controller 31;

- the flow rate of the dosed component 22 using the flow meter 33 along the line of its supply to the reactor 1 and the microprocessor controller 31;

- the rotation speed of the motor of the mixer 6 by the information signal X ₁ from the static control unit its speed 34, which is proportional to this parameter, and the microprocessor controller 31.

In the reactor 1 regulate:

- the temperature of the reaction mass in the mode of parametric programmatic change of it by the signal from the thermocouple 30 with the correction of its change either by the electrical conductivity of the reaction mass by the signal from the conductivity meter 32 or by the integral of the flow of the dosed component by the signal from the flow meter 33 with the generation of a control action in the microprocessor controller 33 and the output a command signal through an electro-pneumatic converter 35 to the pneumatic actuator of the control valve 36;

- the speed of rotation of the mixer in the programmatic parametric mode of its change as a function of the integral of the flow of the metered component according to the signal from the flow meter 33 with the generation of the regulatory action in the microprocessor controller 31 and the issuance of a command signal through the static speed control unit 34 to the motor 9 of the mixer 6.

The adaptive control device RPND (figure 2), programmed in the IPC 31, consists of the first adder 37, on which the current value of the signal T _t is subtracted, proportional to the temperature of the PM from the given T ₃ , due to a change in either the electrical conductivity (χ) of the PM or the integral from the consumption of the dosed component (G _to · dτ) and the temperature regulator PM 38 (φ ₂ ), synthesized in a variable structure system that operates in a sliding mode. It also includes the first adaptive compensator 39 (φ ₂ ), according to the output coordinate of the control object (OS) (RPND) - the temperature of the PM (T _t ) and the second adaptive compensator 40 (φ ₃ ), according to the input coordinate of the object of the OS - the metering rate component (G _to ), as well as the third adaptive compensator 41 (φ ₄ ), according to the parameter characterizing the change in the composition of the PM (electrical conductivity) or the degree of filling of the reactor 1, which is determined by the integral of the flow rate of the dosed component into the reactor 1.

In addition, it contains the first operational unit 42 (W _Δt ) for the temperature deviation РМ, which makes the corresponding signal correction in the first 39, second 40 and third 41 adaptive compensators, as well as the second adder 43, on which the output signals from the adaptive temperature controller are added 38, first 39, second 40 and third 41 compensators. The output from the second adder 43 (channel φ ₂ ) through an electro-pneumatic analog converter 35 is connected to the pneumatic actuator of the shut-off and control valve 36 (W _to ).

The output from the integral 44 is connected to the control drive of the mixer W _n , consisting of a sequentially connected static frequency converter 34 and the motor of the mixer 9, and in parallel with the first input of the channel commutator 45, a conductivity monitoring conductor PM (32) is connected to the second input. The choice of information signal flows at the channel switch is realized by means of a control discrete action of HS. The output from the channel switch 45 is directed to the functional block 46 (FB) for a more accurate adjustment of the output signal, in order to obtain a more adequate relationship between the current value of the temperature of the PM and the value of the controlled quantitative (integral of the flow rate of the dosed component in the reactor) or qualitative (electrical conductivity of RM) parameters fed to the second input of the third adaptive compensator 41 (φ ₄ ).

The control analogue action of HC _{1 is} intended for this.

On the OS (RPND1) are indicated:

W (p) - transfer functions with variable parameters along the control and uncontrolled disturbing channels.

ΣF ₁ - total exposure to uncontrolled external influences;

H is the current value of the level of PM;

nµ is the speed of rotation of the mixer;

χ is the electrical conductivity of the RM;

G _to - the consumption of the dosed component.

Figure 3 presents the structural diagram of adaptive compensators for uncontrolled external disturbances, taking into account changing the temperature of the PM and the flow rate of the dosed component, consists of the following functional blocks.

The first operational unit 42 (W _Δt ), forming the output signal d when the temperature of the PM deviates from a given variable value.

The second operational unit 47 (W _t ), forming the output signal f ₁ when the temperature of the RM.

The third operating unit 48 (W _i ), forming the output signal f ₂ when the flow rate of the dosed component G _to .

The first unit of multiplication of signals 49 coming from the first 42 and second 47 operating units, and determining the sign of the product of the signals d · f ₁ .

The second block of multiplication of signals 50 coming from the first 42 and third 48 operating units and determining the sign of the product of the signals d · f ₂ . The second channel switch 51 (KK ₂ ), generating a discrete signal to the control inputs of the first pair of logic elements 52 "YES" and 53 "HE ₁ " according to the following algorithm:

And ₁ (f ₁ , d) = {K ₁ · f ₁ for f ₁ · d>0;

K ₂ · f ₂ for f ₁ · d <0;

moreover, K ₁ > K ₂

The third channel switch 54 (CC ₃ ), which generates a discrete signal to the control inputs of the second pair of logic elements 55 "YES ₂ " and 56 "NOT ₂ " according to the following algorithm:

And ₂ (f ₂ , d) = {K ₃ · f ₂ for f ₂ · d>0;

To ₄ · f ₂ when f ₂ · d <0;

moreover, K ₃ > K ₄

The third multiplication block 57 is the product of the input signal f ₁ by a constant channel gain K ₁ .

The fourth multiplication block 58 is the product of the input signal f ₁ by a constant channel attenuation coefficient K ₂ .

The fifth block of multiplication 59 is the product of the input signal f ₂ by a constant channel gain K ₃ .

The sixth multiplication block 60 is the product of the input signal f ₂ by a constant channel attenuation coefficient.

Figure 4 presents a structural diagram of an adaptive block programmatically changing the temperature of the reaction mass in the reactor contains the following elements.

The fourth operational unit G ₁ , forming the output signal f ₃ with a change in the electrical conductivity of the reaction mass or the integral of the consumption of the dosed component in the reactor of the seventh multiplication unit 62 signals from the first 42 and fourth 61 operational units and determining the sign of the product d · f ₃ .

The third channel switch 63 (KK ₃ ), generating a discrete signal to the control inputs of the third pair of logic elements 64 "YES ₃ " and 65 "NOT ₃ " according to the following algorithm:

And ₃ (f ₃ , d) - {K ₅ · f ₃ for f ₃ · d>0;

To ₆ · f ₃ when f ₂ · d <0;

moreover, K ₅ > K ₆

The eighth unit of multiplication 64 is the product of the input signal f ₃ by a constant signal gain K ₅ .

The ninth unit of multiplication 65 of the product of the input signal f ₃ by a constant attenuation coefficient K ₆ .

In figure 5, the following notation:

On the abscissa axis: φ is the degree of filling of the reactor;

- φ _neither - the initial and final (φ _ki ) degree of filling of the reactor according to this invention;

Y-axis:

T is the temperature of the reaction mass in K;

V _pm - the volume of the reaction mass in the reactor.

T _{on (no)} - the initial temperature of the reaction mass before dosing (prototype)

(by) and (claimed utility model) (none)

T _ka - the final temperature of the reaction mass at the end of the dosage (prototype);

T _Ki is the final temperature of the reaction mass at the end of the dosage (claimed utility model;

The volume of the reaction mass

According to the prototype:

V _na - initial volume;

V _ka is the final volume;

According to this invention:

V _nor is the initial volume;

V _Ki is the final volume.

On the graph (figure 5), the numbers indicate:

68 is an inclined line of change in the volume of the reaction mass during the dosage process (prototype);

69 is an inclined line of change in the volume of the reaction mass during the dosage process (claimed utility model);

70 - horizontal line of temperature change of the reaction mass when regulating it in stabilization mode (prototype);

71 is a horizontal line of the temperature change of the reaction mass when controlling it in the stabilization mode (claimed utility model).

On the graph in (6), the numbers indicate the following oblique lines: the dosage duration of the dosed component (V _d ) by:

72- prototype (τ _yes );

73 - the claimed utility model (τ _di );

From the graph it follows that τ _yes <τ _di ;

The graph (Fig. 7) shows the nature of the change in the electrical conductivity of the reaction mass (χ) depending on the dosage duration (τ _d ) with programmed control of its temperature. This dependence, taking into account its nonlinearity and scale, was used, as one of the options, to change the set temperature.

The adaptive control device RPND operates as follows.

When the temperature of the reaction mass changes, the information signal from the temperature meter 30 is fed to the microprocessor controller 31, where it is compared with a variable setpoint on the first adder 37 and simultaneously fed to the first input of the first adaptive compensator 39 to generate a correction signal for the control action. The difference of the signals from the first adder 37 is fed to the inputs of the adaptive temperature controller 38 and the first operating unit 42.

The signal from the flow meter 33 of the dosed component 22 is fed to the first input of the second adaptive compensator 40, and the signal from the first operational unit 42 is sent to the second inputs of the first and second adaptive compensators 39 and 40.

The set temperature T ₃ is a variable and is determined by a functional dependence either on the electrical conductivity of the reaction mass (information channel X ₃ ) or on the integral of the volume of the dosed component, determined in block 44. In the channel switch 45, it is established which type of signal is more acceptable for the change the set value of the temperature of the reaction mass. The final correction of the signal by programmatically changing the temperature of the reaction mass is achieved in the functional block 46, the output signal from which is supplied to the second input of the first adder 37 and to the first input of the adaptive program unit for changing the temperature of the reaction mass 41, and the signal from the first operation unit 42 is sent to the second the input of the adaptive program unit for changing the temperature of the reaction mass 41.

The output signal from the adaptive temperature controller 38 and the corrected signals from the first 39, second 40 adaptive compensators and from the adaptive program temperature change unit 41 of the reaction mass 41 are supplied to the second adder 43, the output of which through the electro-pneumatic analog converter 35 is supplied to the pneumatic actuator of the control valve 36, acting on the flow rate of the dosed component so that the mismatch between the current temperature of the reaction mass and its variable set value minimize maximum speed. The signal from the flow integral 44 is also sent to the static unit for controlling the speed of rotation 34 of the mixer motor 9 in the program change mode to stabilize the intensity of mixing of the reaction mass; with a variable degree of filling the reactor.

The use of this utility model allows to reduce the consumption of the starting component by 15-21% and to reduce the dosage of the component by 18-22%.

Claims (1)

A device for adaptive control of a semi-continuous reactor containing a jacket and a coil connected in series, an agitator with an engine, an unloading valve, measuring instruments for the temperature of the reaction mass, the flow rate of the dosed component, an adjustable agitator drive, consisting of an engine and a static unit for programmatically controlling its rotation speed, a control valve on the line feeding the dosed component to the reactor, made shut-off with a logarithmic flow characteristic, electro-pneumatic an analog converter located at the control valve actuator, a microprocessor controller with a monitor and a printer, an adaptive temperature regulator for the reaction mixture, adaptive compensators for taking into account fluctuations in the temperature of the reaction mixture and the flow rate of the dosed component, and a software controller for the rotation speed of the mixer motor as a function of the volume of the dosed component into the reactor, programmed in the microprocessor controller, the nozzle for feeding the dosed component from the storage tank is followed by connected through a control valve and a flow meter with a pressure pipe lowered under the mirror of the reaction mass directly into the zone of operation of the mixer, the output from the temperature sensors of the reaction mass and the flow rate of the dosed component being connected to the second and fourth inputs of the microprocessor controller, respectively, and the first output from the static block the speed control of the mixer motor is connected to the first input of the microprocessor controller, and the second output from it is directed to the mesh engine ki, the first output from the microprocessor controller is connected to the input of the static block of the software for controlling the speed of the mixer, and the second output is directed to the input of the electro-pneumatic analog converter, characterized in that it further comprises an immersion conductometer in the reactor, the output of which is connected to the third input of the microprocessor controller as well as a straightening unit, rigidly connected along the inner contour with the lower turns of the coil and located under the mixer, while the coil in the middle of its height it is equipped with a circulation window located along the circular contour of the coil and equal in height to two or three diameters of the coil winding pipe, and the channel commander, functional and adaptive blocks for programmatically changing the temperature of the reaction mass as a function of the readings of the conductivity meter or the integral of the flow rate of the dosed component programmed in the microprocessor controller.