RU81905U1 - WET GAS CLEANING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for wet gas purification, including an inlet duct and an outlet channel, a separator, a contact tank, nozzles, an irrigation chamber body, a drop eliminator, a system for recirculating water from a contact tank into nozzles, characterized in that the inlet duct is connected to the irrigation chamber body at an angle of 45 ° and has a removable separator in the form of a section of polymer frames placed along the axis of the duct and in a checkerboard pattern with respect to each other with a gap; in polymer frames there are plates of alkaline inorganic ste class, there are two irrigation chambers above the contact tank, which are equipped with a device for creating a water curtain in the horizontal plane, an alkaline inorganic glass water trap, and a removable section of hollow elements is fixed in the gap between the water mirror and the ceiling part in the contact tank a porous cassette in a polymer frame, the cassette is filled with lump of lime, the elements in the section are installed along the gap, in a checkerboard pattern, relative to each other.

Description

The invention relates to the technique of wet air purification from contamination, in particular air purification from fluorine.

It can be used in welding using fluoride compounds in the form of flux, galvanic using compounds containing fluorine in the form of hydrogen chloride, etc.

A device for cleaning gases [1] (AS No. 1101279, dated 04.03.83), comprising a housing with gas inlet and outlet openings and filtering materials and sprinklers located inside it, the housing is equipped with a partition perforated in the lower part and dividing it into two sections, each of which is equipped with a pencil case, and the filter material is placed in the pencil case of one section, and the pencil case of the other section is equipped with a droplet separator, while the perforated part of the partition and the gas outlet openings are equipped with filter material.

The device when cleaning air from fluorine and its compounds is inefficient, because does not provide isolation from the harmful effects of pollution on the materials of the device. Fluorine combines with the material of which the body is made and destroys the structure. The use of sand as a sorbent will lead to the chemical interaction of the contacting components and the formation of volatile compounds.

The device is designed for a small volume of wetting fluid and a low speed of air flow through the canisters.

In addition, it has a greater degree of purification from dust formations than gas.

A device [2] is known (a.s. No. 184251, MPK V01D 47/06, dated April 26, 65), consisting of two sequentially mounted atomizers with droplet eliminators, an air separator, a collector with lime, a clarifier, are installed in series at the outlet of the droplet eliminator, sludge compactor, cooling tower, the outlet of which is connected to the outlet of the nebulizers.

The device is complex and multi-component. It is mainly aimed at trapping heavy metals and is not efficient enough and expensive when cleaning gases and air from fluorine.

A device [3] is known (Pat. No. 677634, IPC V01D 47/06, dated June 29, 2017 (priority is Switzerland), including a housing, inside of which there is a separation element in the form of streamlined bodies installed at a distance from each other and forming converging input and diverging output channels.

The cross section of the channels in the confluence zone is 15% of the surface of the separation element.

The angle between the axes of the input and output channels is 90-160 °.

The separation element is made of sections pivotally connected.

The device is limited by cleaning the gas from dust and the ability to reduce splashing due to the presence of a drop collector at the gas outlet to the atmosphere. It does not sufficiently purify air from fluoride, because the separator is a set of sections that overlap the body section above or below the nozzles, creating a large hydraulic resistance, which entails a decrease in the speed and quality of fluorine removal, an increase in the destructive effect on the elements of the device and a reduction in its service life.

As a prototype of the claimed utility model, a device [4] was selected (US Pat. No. 2031945, IPC F16F 3/16, dated June 27, 07), consisting of a rectangular casing closed from above, with a contact capacitance connected through a nipple to the feed pipe and pump , with a circulation circuit, a drainage pipeline. The casing is divided by a vertical partition with a window at the bottom into cleaning and irrigation chambers. The outer wall of the irrigation chamber in its upper part under the roof is equipped with an intake grill, and inside there is a supply fan and an irrigation device consisting of vertical distribution risers with nozzles. In the cleaning chamber, in which, in the direction of air movement, removable containers with vertical perforated cassettes are placed, covered with a layer of hydrated lime, with vertical air channels between each other. There are separation plates, an ionizer, an exhaust fan and a distribution grill.

The device cleans the air of CO ₂ , SO ₂ and NO ₂ gases and dust.

It is not reliable enough to purify air from fluorine and its compounds, because can cope only with low concentrations of fluoride. With constant, prolonged contact of contaminants with the coating layer (lime) of the cartridge, it is often necessary to replace it with new ones, which creates inconvenience in the operation of the device. Due to the fact that the lime in the cassette is placed in the form of a coating on a perforated base and along the direction of gas flow along the cleaning chamber, cleaning of fluorine and its compounds is not effective. Fluorine, combining with water, goes into a liquid state in the form of fluoric acid, which partially contacts the surface of the cassettes, and the rest enters the atmosphere.

The technical task of the utility model - a device for wet gas purification - is to increase the efficiency of air purification from fluorine and its compounds at high-speed gas throughput through the device.

The technical result of the claimed utility model is that a device for wet gas purification, as well as the known one, including an inlet duct and an outlet channel, a separator, a contact tank, nozzles, an irrigation chamber housing, a droplet separator, a system for recirculating water from the contact tank to the nozzles, according to of the invention, the inlet duct is connected to the housing of the irrigation chamber at an angle of 45 ° and has a removable separator in the form of a section of polymer frames that do not interact with fluorine, staggered along relative to each other, in

polymer frames inserted plates of alkaline inorganic glass, there are two irrigation chambers above the contact tank, which are equipped with a node for creating a water curtain in the horizontal plane, an alkaline inorganic glass curtain, in the contact tank in the gap between the water mirror in it and the ceiling part is fixed removable section of elements containing a hollow porous cassette in a polymer frame, not interacting with fluorine, the cassette is filled with lump of lime, the elements in the section are installed along staggered, with a gap in relation to each other.

Comparison with the prototype of the claimed utility model showed that it is significantly different in the presence of new elements, their interconnection and functionality. Due to the connection of the duct to the irrigation chamber at an angle of 45 °, it makes it possible to strengthen the contact of the surfaces of the separator (alkaline glass) with trapped pollution (fluorine) and quenched its speed of movement to enter into a reaction. As a result, air pollution (fluorine) binds to the separator material, forming a precipitate. The precipitate, due to the optimal angle of the duct, is discharged into the contact container with water in the form of a gel, and its gel state is also transferred:

Due to the fact that in the duct the elements of the section are placed along in the frames in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other, a labyrinth is formed along which the mixture of air with gas and reaction products from the surface of the alkaline glass move. Due to the presence of water curtains in the irrigation chambers, the movement of polluted air is complicated: some of the contaminants enter the water of the contact tank, part along the hydrodynamic shutter from the alkaline glass up and then down through the water curtains, and some with “water” curtains in the form of a water-air mixture cleared down to the contact tank, and a part - along the gap passes through the second irrigation chamber is mixed with the composition of the "water" curtain comprising a weak gel solution of Na ₂ SiF ₆ and CaSiF ₃ and discharged into the container in contact gel Shaped aqueous solution.

Part of the contaminants passing through the gap between the liquid mirror and the ceiling part of the contact container are retained by lump in the section elements placed along the gap in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other. Contaminants are sorbed by lime, which is used as quicklime in the form of large fractions. Such lime has a high sorption activity; for a long time it remains in a quicklime state, because located in the frame, in a hollow porous cassette, not in water, but in humid airspace. . Hydraulic locks serve not only as guides for the movement of air and pollution in irrigation chambers, but also as a material that transfers fluorine and its compounds to a non-toxic state due to the chemical interaction of the composition of the material (alkaline glass) with pollution.

Thus, air is freed from fluoride contaminants.

Figure 1 shows schematically a device, a view in section.

Figure 2 shows a variant 1 of the placement of elements of alkaline glass in a section located in the duct.

Figure 3 shows a section with elements containing lump lime, in a section.

A useful model of a device for wet gas purification consists of an irrigation chamber 1 and an irrigation chamber 2, under which a contact tank 3 is placed. The contact tank is partially filled with water 4. There is a gap 5 between the water mirror and the ceiling part of the contact tank, in which section 6 of elements - a hollow porous cartridge 8 inserted into the frame 7, in which there is lump of lime 9. An air duct 10 is connected to the irrigation chamber 1 of a closed type, in which there is a removable separator 11 in the form of a section made of polymer frames 12, in which are inserted plates of alkaline glass 13 mounted along the duct in a checkerboard pattern with respect to each other. A water trap 14 is installed in the irrigation chamber 1 and nozzles 15, 16 are placed in rows on the collector, into which water enters from the contact tank 3 through a pipe 17. A drop eliminator 18, a separator 19 are placed in the upper part of the irrigation chamber, and there is a branch channel 20 at the outlet above the separator with fan 21.

Inorganic alkaline - these are window glasses, glass used for high-quality glassware, etc. Nozzle body, frames for separator elements with inorganic glass and for hollow porous cassettes are made of type 2 PPP polypropylene. Lump lime is calcined limestone (GOST 9179-70) after crushing into pieces up to 25 mm in size. Accordingly, the pores of an open-porous hollow cassette are taken less than the average size of pieces of lump lime.

The inventive utility model has novelty and industrial application, is a technical solution.

The device is tested in laboratory conditions and it is shown that it performs the task of increasing the degree of purification of air from fluorine. It is planned to introduce fluoride fluxes at Ventmontazh CJSC and at welding related enterprises.

The utility model works as follows.

The device is arranged near a source of air pollution. The duct 10 is connected to the irrigation chamber 1 at an angle of 45 °, because at a smaller angle - the flow of polluted air at the outlet of the duct is directed into the contact tank with water, and it is necessary that it be divided into parts directed to the alkali glass seal, to the nozzles and to the contact tank. At a large angle, the hydraulic resistance of the system increases, leading to an excessive consumption of electricity using a more powerful fan 21, it is possible to delay the reaction products on the surface of the alkaline glass 13, reduce the efficiency of the separator 11. The air being cleaned from fluorine enters the duct 10 and passes through the maze in it, formed in the separator 11, staggered in polymer frames 12 with alkaline glass plates 13. The contaminated component of the cleaned air interacts with

glass and it is etched to form a gel-like compound Na ₂ SiF ₆ . At the same time, another part of the fluorine-contaminated air passes in the gap between the glass plates, slowing down the movement, leaves the alkali glass with a water seal and also reacts with the formation of insoluble compounds and an aqueous gel solution: Na ₂ SiF ₆ and CaSiF ₃ . Thus, the production of gaseous fluorine compounds is not allowed. Then, the cleaned air enters the irrigation channel 1 of the type closed at the top, passes first on one side of the water trap and up, and the remaining pollution goes down, is first discharged by the stream of water from the nozzles 16, and then by the aqueous gel solution, which increases the adhesive bonds of the contacted components and neutralizes fluorine toxicity. Air with residual contaminants passes along the gap 5 in the section, consisting of elements in the form of porous hollow cassettes 8 inserted into the frame 7, filled with lump of lime 9. Elements of the section also serve as a sorbent for associated gases (СО ₂ , SO ₂ ).

Fluorine and its compounds with hydrogen (HF) form insoluble compounds with lump lime.

Periodically, the separator with inorganic alkaline glass and the section with elements containing lump lime are replaced. The cleaned air passing through the maze of elements 7, 8, 9 (in the gap between them) enters the irrigation chamber 2, where it is subjected to purification under the influence of a curtain from nozzles 16, the composition of which is water supplied through pipeline 17 (if in contact containers there is a filter that does not pass the gel, but transmits water), or a gel solution - (if there is no such filtration). In the contact tank, the liquid is periodically replaced with water and the cleaning cycle is repeated.

As a result, the purified air passes upward to the droplet eliminator 18, the separator 19, being released from excess moisture, and through the exhaust channel 20 to the atmosphere.

The cleaning results are presented in the table.

Device The degree of air purification in% of With CO ₂ dust F Hf CaF ₂ Known (Pat 2031945) prototype 80 95 one hundred thirty fifty 70 Proposed one hundred one hundred one hundred 99.8 99.5 one hundred

The utility model has advantages:

- allows you to catch fluorine and with a high degree of purification to free air from it, using cheap materials without their preliminary processing,

- the product of the interaction of contacting substances is in demand, for example, as a contact etchant of metals and their alloys,

- the device allows you to effectively clean the air from associated gases (see table.),

- allows it to carry out high-speed cleaning of large volumes of polluted air without increasing the hydrodynamic resistance,

- it has great maintainability,

- it has wider possibilities for its application.

Information sources

1. A.S. No. 1101279, MKT V01D 47/06, dated 04.03.83, (analog)

2. A.S. No. 184251, IPC V01D 47/06, dated April 26, 66 (analogue)

3. pat. No. 677634, IPC V01D 47/06, dated June 29, 1997) (analog)

4. pat. No. 2031945, IPC F16F 3/16, dated June 27, 2007 (prototype)

Claims (1)

A device for wet gas purification, including an inlet duct and an outlet channel, a separator, a contact tank, nozzles, an irrigation chamber body, a drop eliminator, a system for recirculating water from a contact tank into nozzles, characterized in that the inlet duct is connected to the irrigation chamber body at an angle of 45 ° and has a removable separator in the form of a section of polymer frames placed along the axis of the duct and in a checkerboard pattern with respect to each other with a gap, in the polymer frames there are plates of alkaline inorganic ste class, there are two irrigation chambers above the contact tank, which are equipped with a device for creating a water curtain in the horizontal plane, an alkaline inorganic glass hydrolock, and a removable section of hollow elements is fixed in the gap between the water mirror and the ceiling part in the contact tank a porous cassette in a polymer frame, the cassette is filled with lump of lime, the elements in the section are installed along the gap, in a checkerboard pattern, relative to each other.