RU81576U1 - DEVICE FOR REMOTE ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for remote environmental monitoring relates to atmospheric control and is intended for environmental monitoring, in particular for continuous monitoring of the level of gas impurities in the atmosphere of cities and industrial centers, including on industrial sites of enterprises and highways. The objective of the utility model is to improve the technical characteristics of the device in order to increase the reliability of information about the state of the controlled environment in hard-to-reach places. The technical result that can be obtained using the utility model is to stabilize the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle in hovering mode during sampling, which leads to increased measurement accuracy, as well as the parallel operation of chemical sensors and a sorption sampler, which leads in the first case to high speed, because information comes in real time, and in the second case - to high accuracy, because desorption is carried out in a stationary laboratory. This object is achieved in that the device for remote environmental monitoring contains chemical sensors and weather sensors, amplifying and converting devices, an information board, an alarm device, a timer, a control system and a computer. At the same time, a coordinate metering unit was introduced, the inputs of which are connected to current sensors through an amplifier-transducer and through a coordinate system to a control system, and its output through a switchgear is connected to the engines of an unmanned aerial vehicle, while a sorption sampler is installed in parallel with chemical sensors whose outlet is connected to the atmosphere. This device allows to improve operational characteristics consisting in the fact that the recording part can be installed on stationary, automobile and river transport, and the measuring part - on the UAV. As a result of this, the device can monitor in any inaccessible places. It is characterized by increased measurement accuracy associated with the maintenance of the UAV stabilization system in the hover mode during environmental sampling. In addition, high sampling accuracy is achieved through desorption of the sampler. 1ill.

Description

The utility model relates to atmospheric control and is intended for environmental monitoring, in particular for continuous monitoring of the level of gas impurities in the atmosphere of cities and industrial centers, including on industrial sites of enterprises and highways.

A device for remote monitoring is known (RF patent No. 2235985 "Device for remote monitoring of the environment" IPC G01N 1/22 from 09/10/2004). The disadvantages of the known device are the large number of electro-pneumatic valves, which increases the sorption on the gas lines, which leads to the loss of the analyzed samples and the implementation of the desorption process in the sorption tube directly significantly “erodes” the analytical signal in time, which also reduces the sensitivity of the gas analyzer.

To eliminate these shortcomings and improve the technical characteristics of the device and increase the reliability of information about the state of the controlled environment, a “Device for environmental monitoring” is proposed (RF patent for utility model No. 52482, IPC G01N 1/22, 2006). This device contains a gas sampling path, a gas analyzer, an air flow inducer, a control system and a sorption chamber with a heating unit. A disadvantage of devices for remote monitoring of concentrations of hazardous gases of this type is the presence of an aspirator, which is necessary for pumping air through sorption cartridges, which eliminates the possibility of continuous monitoring of environmental pollution.

It is known "Device for remote monitoring of the environment" (RF patent No. 2235985, 2004, IPC G01N 7/12). In it, the issues of continuous monitoring and selectivity are solved through the use of chemical sensors sensitive to OM. The use of semiconductor gas detectors measuring in a wide concentration range allows you to use the device not only as a threshold alarm device, but also to receive it in any

point in time the values of the measured parameters on the information board or send the measurement information to a personal computer. The use of microcomputers allows the processing of measurement information, switches to continuous measurement mode and displays information in an analog switch, captures the results of measurements in a storage device according to the programs specified in the microcomputer, as well as in case of emergency.

The disadvantage of this device is its limited use, associated with the measurement of only the ratio of concentrations and only certain gases, there is no reference of the measurement location to the terrain (coordinates of the measurement point, height, etc.), which excludes the possibility of its remote use, meteorological data are not measured at the time of measurement concentration, which affects the quality of the measurement, there is no comparison with the maximum permissible concentrations of the measured gases, which somewhat reduces the application value of the device.

The closest device and operating principle is “Device for monitoring the concentration of hazardous gases” (RF patent No. 62706, IPC G01N 27/12, published on April 27, 2007). The use of a storage device and a real-time clock make it possible to record the values of the measured parameters at specified intervals, which allows a detailed analysis of the causes of the accident. The use of semiconductor gas sensors allows measurements to be made in a wide range of ambient temperatures and humidity with the same error, which does not require temperature compensation of a block of physical sensors and amplifiers. The device contains an alarm block. The disadvantage of this device is the inability to control the environment in hard to reach places.

The objective of the utility model is to improve the technical characteristics of the device in order to increase the reliability of information about the state of the controlled environment in hard-to-reach places.

The technical result that can be obtained using the utility model is to stabilize the position of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the hovering mode during sampling, which leads to increased measurement accuracy, as well as the parallel operation of chemical sensors and

sorption sampler, which leads in the first case to high performance, because information comes in real time, and in the second case - to high accuracy, because desorption is carried out in a stationary laboratory.

This object is achieved in that the device for remote environmental monitoring contains chemical sensors and weather sensors, amplifying and converting devices, an information board, an alarm device, a timer, a control system and a computer. At the same time, a coordinate metering unit was introduced, the inputs of which are connected to current sensors through an amplifier-transducer and through a coordinate system to a control system, and its output through a switchgear is connected to the engines of an unmanned aerial vehicle, while a sorption sampler is installed in parallel with chemical sensors whose outlet is connected to the atmosphere.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by a block diagram,

where: 1 - UAV with special equipment;

2 - ground computer;

3 - control system;

4 - chemical sensors;

5 - sorption sampler;

6 - weather sensors;

7 - amplifier-converting device;

8 - unit for setting coordinates;

9 - coordinate measurement unit;

10 - sensors of current coordinates;

11 - switchgear;

12 - UAV engines;

13 is a comparison device;

14 - block maximum permissible concentrations;

15 - information board for displaying current information;

16 - sound alarm device;

17 - light signaling device;

18 - interface device with a personal computer;

19 - timer - real time clock.

A device for remote environmental monitoring consists of the following parts: UAV 1 with special equipment, ground computer 2, control system 3 and signaling equipment. Special UAV equipment 1 includes: chemical sensors 4, sorption samplers 5 and weather sensors 6, which are connected via a power-converting device 7 to a ground computer 2. Control system 3 is connected to one of the inputs of the coordinate measurement unit 9 through the coordinate unit 8, 9. Its other the input through the amplifier-converting device 7 is connected to the sensors of the current coordinates 10. The output of the coordinate measuring unit 9 through the switchgear 11 is supplied to the engines 12 of the aircraft 1.

One of the main elements of the computer 2 is a comparator 13, the inputs of which are connected to the unit of maximum concentration 14 and with chemical sensors 4, and its outputs to additional recording and signaling equipment: an information board for displaying current information 15, an audible alarm 16 and a light device alarm, as well as on the interface device with a personal computer 18.

Before the flight, it is necessary to set the UAV flight path 1 and the coordinates of the sampling points through the coordinate setting unit 9. Flight control is carried out both automatically according to a previously entered program, and in manual mode.

The device operates as follows.

Upon reaching the specified coordinates from the control system 3, UAV 1 goes into hover mode and a command is sent for sampling. In this case, the computer 2 provides data from chemical sensors, which are configured to determine the specified harmful substances in the environment and from weather sensors 6, which record the current value of temperature, pressure, air and wind speed. At the same time, an aspirator is turned on, which passes air through the sorption sampler 8. In addition, the current coordinate values (x, y, h) are fed to the computer. In the case of a change in the position of the UAV 1 from a given sampling point, signals proportional to the difference between the deviations of the coordinates from their specified values appear at the output of the coordinate measurement unit 9. These deviations in the distribution

the device 11 is converted and redistributed into signals that control the engines 12. Engines 12 change the position of the UAV 1 (pitch, yaw, rotation and height) so as to eliminate these deviations.

Air analysis takes into account current weather conditions. In the process of measuring environmental parameters, signals from chemical sensors 4 are fed through an amplifying-converting device 7 to a comparing device 13. At the same time, data from a block of maximum permissible concentrations 14 is received on it. Next, these values are compared in a computer. When the logging mode is activated, after certain periods of time are recorded in the storage device. The obtained data are displayed on the information board 15 to display the current information. If the measured concentration exceeds the maximum permissible concentrations, the computer turns on the alarm 16 and 17 and switches to the logging and direct transmission of information to the personal computer 18. A measurement protocol can be requested from the personal computer at any time.

In the process of measuring environmental parameters, the device can operate in the following modes: standby, logging mode, information reading mode, emergency mode and direct transmission of measurement results

Upon arrival of the UAV at the base point, the sorption sampler 5 is removed and subjected to detailed analysis in a stationary laboratory.

This device allows to improve the operational characteristics consisting in the fact that the recording part (computer) can be installed on stationary, automobile and river transport, and the measuring part - on the UAV. As a result of this, the device can monitor in any inaccessible places. It is characterized by increased measurement accuracy associated with the maintenance of the UAV stabilization system in the hover mode during environmental sampling. In addition, high sampling accuracy is achieved by desorption of the sampler in the laboratory. This device is characterized by high speed, because signals from chemical sensors in real time are immediately transmitted for processing on a computer.

Claims (1)

A device for remote monitoring of the environment, containing chemical sensors and weather sensors, amplifier-converting devices, an information board, an alarm device, a timer, a control system and a computer, characterized in that an additional coordinate unit is introduced, the inputs of which are connected via an amplifier-converting device to sensors current coordinates and through the unit for setting coordinates - with the control system, and its output through the switchgear is connected to the engines of unmanned aerial vehicles tatelnogo apparatus, wherein the chemical sensors installed parallel sorption sampler, the output of which is connected to the atmosphere.