RU81185U1 - HARDWARE AND TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM OF PRODUCTION EQUIPMENT FOR COMPLEX PROCESSING OF OIL-CONTAINING WASTE WITH PRODUCTION OF GOODS - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model relates to the field of oil production and oil refining industry and can be used for the disposal of oil-containing waste generated during the drilling of oil wells (drilling pits), during storage of oil and oil products in temporary storage facilities, in oil sludges, etc. The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a new technological redistribution for the disposal of oily waste products, providing, all other things being equal, the opportunity not only to neutralize solid oily waste - sludge, but also to obtain highly liquid, marketable products that are in steady demand among consumers. The technical result, which is achieved by the implementation of the proposed utility model, is to obtain from paste-like solid and / or oily sludge (industrial waste) of highly specific commercial products - building materials with high strength characteristics and improved physicochemical properties. The problem is solved with the achievement of the above technical result by the proposed utility model - “Hardware-technological system of production equipment for the integrated processing of oily waste to produce marketable products”, which includes the following interrelated structural elements: a collection of initial oily waste connected to a heated tank equipped with a mixing the device to which the unit for the preparation and dosage of chemical reagents is connected Comrade,

high-speed centrifuge, collectors of oil and water phases purified from solid particles, sludge collection containers, sludge heat treatment device, heat-treated sludge collection, finished goods warehouse. New in the proposed utility model is that the containers for collecting sludge have connections with a mixer, to which a batcher of limestone flour obtained from a crushing and grinding unit for limestone is connected, as a device for heat treatment of sludge, a rotary tube calcining furnace is installed, having a furnace connected with a collection of petroleum products extracted from the original oily waste, the output of the calcined material from the calcining furnace through the discharge unit is directed to a crushing plant a milk department with a filling machine.

Description

The proposed utility model relates to the field of oil production and oil refining industry and can be used for the disposal of oil-containing waste generated during the drilling of oil wells (drilling pits), during storage of oil and oil products in temporary storage facilities, in oil sludges, etc.

A technical solution is known for the processing and disposal of oily waste products (RF Patent No. 2078740 for application No. 94012433/26 with prior, dated 08.04.1994. Regist. And publ.: 05/10/1997; IPC С02F 11/14;) "Method for processing oil sludge. "

This known technical solution works as follows.

Oil sludge is taken by a suction device from the sludge collector and pumped to a self-cleaning coarse filter. At the same time, oil sludge is cleaned of large particles larger than 10 mm. Before the coarse filter, a demulsifier is introduced into the oil sludge stream by a pump. Oil sludge purified from large particles and treated with a demulsifier is fed into an intermediate tank, where oil sludge is heated to a temperature of 45 ° C with steam, which is fed directly to the oil sludge stream. In the tank, oil sludge is stratified into four phases: oil product, water, water-sludge suspension and oiled mechanical impurities. The oil product phase is removed from the intermediate tank and pumped into the heater - mixer. Before the heater - mixer, a demulsifier is introduced into the oil product phase stream by a pump. In the preheater-mixer, the oil-product phase is heated to

temperature 75 ° C with water vapor, which fall directly into the stream. Next, the oil phase is fed to a centrifuge and the medium is cleaned of mechanical impurities whose density exceeds the density of water. The purified oil product phase flows by gravity into a deaerator tank, from which it is pumped to a heater - mixer, where it is heated to a temperature of 95 ° C with steam. A demulsifier is pumped into the suction line of the pump. Next, the oil-product phase heated to a temperature of 95 ° C is fed to a separator, where the purified oil product is separated and removed, as well as water, which is re-separated on the separator and pure water is obtained.

The aqueous phase from the intermediate tank is pumped to the sludge collector to wash out the bottom sediment.

Oiled mechanical impurities (soil) are removed from the lower level of the intermediate tank by a conveyor and sent to a tank into which a solvent of light gasoline fraction НК -62 ° С is pumped and water vapor is introduced. Oiled soil is washed with a solvent using an internal device. The soil washed in the solvent is treated with water vapor, after which it is removed from the lower level of the tank and conveyed to a biological treatment apparatus by conveyor. Liquid hydrocarbons from the tank are pumped into the intermediate tank for further processing.

The water-sludge suspension is removed from the intermediate tank and pumped into the purification apparatus - cultivator, which also contains nutrients: sources of nitrogen, phosphorus, buffer solutions to maintain pH, and also make an inoculum, which is a microbial community.

Using water-silt suspension as a nutrient medium in the apparatus - cultivator, microorganisms multiply and accumulate. Purified water from this apparatus is removed and pumped into the sludge collector to wash out the bottom sediment. To provide the necessary

conditions of reproduction and accelerated growth of microorganisms, compressed air and water vapor are supplied to the apparatus, creating and maintaining intensive aeration and an optimal cultivation temperature of 30 ° C. Next, a water-sludge suspension with microorganisms is pumped into the biological treatment apparatus. To ensure optimal living conditions of microorganisms, compressed air is supplied to the apparatus and the ambient temperature in the apparatus is maintained at 30 ° C.

The use of aerobic microorganisms is not enough to clean the environment of heavy hydrocarbons and certain harmful compounds, therefore, after 2 days, the compressed air supply is turned off and a community of anaerobic microorganisms is introduced into the apparatus, for reproduction and accumulation of which an apparatus similar to the apparatus is used. Treatment with anaerobic microorganisms is milked for 3 days at a temperature of 45 ° C.

Next, the medium from the biological treatment apparatus is discharged and fed by a screw into the cultivator apparatus, in which the medium is processed using mushroom microflora. When loading the processed medium into the apparatus, they ensure uniform distribution of the medium throughout the bottom of the apparatus using the auger. To create optimal living conditions of the fungal microflora, they provide an ambient temperature of 30 ° C and natural ventilation of the internal cavity of the apparatus. Mushroom microflora decomposes organic compounds, as well as microorganisms accumulated in the previous stages of biological treatment.

Upon completion of the treatment with mushroom microflora after 10 days, a mushroom biomass is formed, which is well separated from the treated medium. Mushroom microflora has the ability to accumulate heavy metals and other elements in its biomass, therefore, the selected concentrations of heavy metals and other elements can be of industrial importance.

At the end of the treatment, the cleaned and neutralized sand and clay that can be used in the production of building materials (bricks) is removed from the cultivator with a screw.

This well-known technical solution allows to neutralize various industrial wastes from oil products.

The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of equipment for the disposal of solid (secondary) production waste to produce marketable products as part of the hardware-technological system.

Of the known analogues, the closest in technical essence and the result achieved with the proposed technical solution is the well-known "Technological site for the processing and disposal of oil sludge" (RF Patent for PM No. 71656 by application No. 2007140207/22 with prior, dated 30.10.2007. Zareg . and published on March 20, 2008. Bull. No. 8) - adopted as a PROTOTYPE.

The technical solution for the prototype includes (Fig. 1): pipelines with shut-off and control valves, pumps for pumping transport pipelines, conveyors and the following main equipment technologically interconnected:

1 - receiving prefabricated heated containers for the source of oily waste products, equipped with mixing devices;

2 - intermediate heated and thermally insulated containers with mixing devices (mixers) designed to heat (for example, up to 70-90 ° С) the initial oil-containing production wastes and their processing with chemical reagents (coagulants, demulsifiers and flocculants). A sieve (strainer) (not shown in the figure) is installed between the receiving (1) and intermediate (2) containers to separate large pieces of the solid phase;

3 - block for the preparation of solutions of chemical reagents, which includes a set of tank equipment, dispensers, pumps, pipelines, appropriate fittings for the preparation and dosage of various chemicals for the treatment of oil-containing wastes heated to a certain temperature (60-90 ° C): coagulants, demulsifiers and flocculants;

4 - high-speed three-phase centrifuge;

5 - a collection of oil products purified from solid phase and water;

6 - a collection of the aqueous phase contaminated with a small amount of oil products;

7 - containers for collecting sludge - solid phase containing up to 10-20% oily products;

8 - a collection with a dispenser for contaminated land, bottom silt sediments of oil storages and oil tanks, etc .;

9 - heated collector - mixer of the solid phase - sediments contaminated with oil products, subject to processing, disposal and preparation for subsequent disposal with the receipt and sale of marketable products;

10 - a device for heat treatment of sediments by flue gases (solid phase) - the so-called "thermal desorber";

11 - a collection of heat-treated precipitation;

(12-23) - a complex of technological equipment that is part of the block for briquetting heat-treated precipitation - heat-treated solid phase, including;

12 - hopper - feeder;

13 - screw feeder;

14 - belt conveyor;

15-1 and 15-2 - twin screw mixers

16 - pump - dispenser;

17 - capacity with sodium silicate;

18 - auger conveying conveyor;

19 -1 - hopper - feeder;

19-2 - screw feeder;

20 - horizontally located movable roll;

21 - fixed roll;

22 - control restrictive chamber;

23 - vibrating screen for screening small defective briquettes;

24 - belt conveyor - stacker;

25 - a briquette warehouse designed to receive briquettes, their "ripening" - with the aim of hardening them and subsequent shipment to consumers

26 - a collection of briquettes (trifles) returned to the hopper - feeder (12) for processing and disposal;

27 - return screw conveyor for feeding the little things into circulation - into the hopper-mixer (12) and mixers (15-1 and 15-2).

A comparative analysis of the known (prototype) and the proposed technical solutions shows that new in the developed utility model is that a unit (3) is connected to the intermediate heated and thermally insulated tank (2) equipped with mixers for the preparation and dosage of chemicals, the output of heated and treated with chemical reagents oily waste from the intermediate tank (2) is sent to a high-speed centrifuge (4), the output of which the oil phase is sent to the collection (5), the output of the aqueous phase to failure rnik (6), and the output of the sediment - solid phase is directed to containers (7) having connections to a heated collector - mixer (9), which is also connected to a collector and batcher (8) of oiled earth, bottom sediments of oil storages and oil reservoirs, exit the collector-mixer of the solid phase is sent to the thermal desorber (10) heated by flue gases, the heat-treated material (solid phase) is sent from the thermal desorber (10) to the collection (11) of heat-treated precipitation, then

hopper-feeder (12) connected to a conveyor belt (14) directed into two series-installed mixers (15-1 and 15-2), which are connected through a metering pump (16) to a tank for sodium silicate (17), exit the second in the direction of movement of the composite mixture (mixture) from the mixer (15-2) is directed through the screw conveyor (18) and the hopper-feeder (19-1) into the screw feeder (19-2) into the gap between the horizontally located movable (20) and fixed (21) rolls, a vibrating screen (22) with a tray is installed under the briquette-press rolls, the output of which briquettes directed to the conveyor belt-stacker (23), and then to the finished goods warehouse (25) for ripening and hardening the obtained briquettes, a collection of defective briquettes (26) is installed under the vibrating screen, connected through a return screw conveyor (27) with a hopper-feeder ( 12) and mixers (15-1 and 15-2).

The utility model of the prototype "Technological system for the processing of oily waste" works and is operated as follows.

The initial oily waste is received for processing, neutralization and disposal from oil storages, oil pits, etc., to receiving prefabricated heated containers (1) equipped with mixing devices, from where heated oily waste is passed through a sieve (strainer) to a pump (for example, pumped) intermediate heated insulated containers (2) with mixers. Coagulants, demulsifiers and flocculants are sequentially supplied to these containers (2) from block (3). Heated (up to 60-90 ° С) and oil-containing wastes treated with chemical reagents are then sent (e.g., pumped) to a high-speed three-phase centrifuge (4), in which the oil, water and solid phases collected, respectively, are collected in collectors (5, 6 ) and containers (7). From containers (7) sediment - solid phase, separated from oily waste in a high-speed three-phase centrifuge (4),

sent to a heated collection tank - mixer (9), where oil-contaminated earth, bottom, silt sediments from oil storages, oil pits, etc. are simultaneously fed from collectors with a batcher (8). from the heated collector-mixer (9), the precipitation (solid phase) enters the device for heat treatment of precipitation by flue gases - into the so-called "thermal desorber", in which the oil-containing products are removed from the precipitation - solid phase and their subsequent disposal. Heat-treated precipitates are collected in a collection (11), from where they are sent to the hopper-feeder (12) of the complex of technological equipment (13-25), which is part of the roll briquette press. From the hopper-feeder (12), the heat-treated precipitates, as well as the “return fines” from the collector (21), enter the screw feeder (13), then to the conveyor belt (14), from which the solid phase enters two twin-screw mixers connected in series (15-1 and 15-2), into which sodium silicate is supplied from the tank (17) by means of a pump (16), the composite mixture after thorough mixing in twin-screw mixers (15-1 and 15-2) enters through a screw conveyor (18 ) to the hopper-feeder (19-1) and from it to the screw feeder (19-2), the feeding composition ion mixture into the gap between horizontally located movable (20) and fixed (21) rolls. The necessary pressure on the movable roll (20) is created by a special hydraulic system (not shown in the figure). The briquettes formed between the rollers (20 and 21) are dumped onto a vibrating screen (22), on which the “little things” - defective (small) weak and poorly formed briquettes are screened. These rejected briquettes - "trifle" with the help of a return screw conveyor (27) are sent to the "turn" - returned to the bunker-mixer (12) and mixers (15-1 and 15-2). From the vibrating screen (22), the briquettes are collected in a briquette collector (23), from where they are sent to the briquette warehouse (25) by a conveyor belt-stacker (24), where the briquettes are ripened and strengthened, i.e. transition to a condition suitable for subsequent shipment to consumers.

Thus, the utility model of the prototype allows you to utilize petroleum products from oil-containing sludge and obtain intermediate products from the solid phase - technogenic raw materials for its subsequent use in the manufacture of building products and structures.

The disadvantage of the technical solution for the prototype is the relatively low quality obtained from the solid phase of the briquettes, due to the low strength characteristics of the produced briquettes.

The objective of the proposed utility model is the creation of a new technological redistribution for the disposal of oily waste products, providing, all other things being equal, the opportunity not only to neutralize solid oily waste - sludge, but also to obtain highly liquid, marketable products that are in steady demand among consumers.

The technical result, which is achieved by the implementation of the proposed utility model, is to obtain from paste-like solid and / or oily sludge (industrial waste) of highly specific commercial products - building materials with high strength characteristics and improved physicochemical properties.

The problem is solved with the achievement of the above technical result by the proposed utility model - “Hardware-technological system of production equipment for the integrated processing of oily waste to produce marketable products”, which includes the following interrelated structural elements (Fig. 2): collection (1) of the original oily waste connected to a heated container (2) equipped with a mixing device, to which a block (3) is connected for the preparation and dosage of chemicals eskih reagents, high speed centrifuge (4) and collectors (5 and 6) the purified oil from the solids (5)

and aqueous (6) phases, containers (7) for collecting sludge, a device (8) for heat treatment of sludge, a collection (9) of heat-treated sludge, a finished product warehouse (10).

New in the proposed utility model is that the containers (7) for collecting sludge have connections with a mixer (11), to which a batcher (12) of limestone flour obtained from the crushing and grinding unit of limestone (13) is connected, as a device for for heat treatment of the sludge, a rotary tubular calcining furnace (8) is installed, having a furnace (14) connected to a collection (5) of oil products extracted from the initial oil-containing waste, the calcined material leaving the calcining furnace (8) through the unloading unit (15) at sent to the crushing and grinding department (16) having a filling machine (17).

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUGGESTED USEFUL MODEL

The proposed utility model - "Instrument-technological system of production equipment for the integrated processing of oily waste with the receipt of marketable products" works and is operated as follows.

The initial oily waste from the collection (1) is sent to a heated container (2), into which chemicals (RAB, demulsifiers, flocculants, coagulants, etc.) are fed from the block (3), then the processed waste is then sent to a high-speed three-phase centrifuge (4) . The oil phase is collected in the collection (5), and the aqueous phase in the collection (6). The solid phase - the sediment contaminated with petroleum products is discharged into containers (7), from which the sediment is discharged into the mixer (11), into which limestone flour obtained from the plant (13) for crushing and grinding natural limestone is also loaded from the batcher (12). The resulting composition is then served in

a rotary tubular calcining furnace (8) equipped with a firebox (14) fed by oil products extracted from the initial oil-containing waste in a three-phase high-speed centrifuge (4) and collected in a collector (5). The calcined material - cement clinker - through the discharge device (15) is sent to the crushing and grinding department (16). The crushed product - Portland cement is Packed and sent to the finished goods warehouse (10).

Claims (1)

Instrument-technological system of industrial equipment for the integrated processing of oily waste with the production of marketable products, including a collection of initial oily waste, connected to a heated tank equipped with a mixing device, to which a unit for the preparation and dosage of chemicals, a high-speed centrifuge, and collectors free of solid particles are connected oil and water phases, sludge collection containers, sludge heat treatment device, heat treatment collector bottled sediments, finished goods warehouse, characterized in that the containers for collecting sludge have connections with a mixer, to which a batcher of limestone flour obtained from the crushing and grinding unit for limestone is connected, a rotary tube calcining furnace with a furnace is installed as a device for heat treatment of sludge connected to the collection of petroleum products extracted from the original oily waste, the output of the calcined material from the calcining furnace through the discharge unit is directed to robo-grinding department having a filling machine.