RU80695U1 - DETONATION DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: for the manufacture of detonation engines for artillery shells, missiles; increases their efficiency when meeting with an obstacle by increasing speed. SUBSTANCE: detonation device with sequentially actuating micromotors coaxially located in its body, each of which contains a layer of explosive located in the transverse direction relative to the axis of the body and a layer of a substance that prevents the spread of detonation of the explosive, and equipped with an initiation system that provides alternate detonation of the explosive in each micromotor with a constant or variable frequency at certain intervals, and the layer of matter, pr Preventing the spread of detonation of explosives, made of material that converts the energy of the detonation wave into a compression wave. 1 s.p. crystals, 1 tablet, 1 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to ammunition and can be used in the manufacture of detonation engines for artillery shells and missiles.

The utility model can be most effectively used in detonation engines for artillery concrete and armor-piercing shells when it is necessary to increase penetration, but can also be used in other types of shells, for example, in missiles and their warheads, or for correcting their flight.

The main disadvantage of, for example, concrete-piercing shells is a significant loss of effectiveness, in particular, penetration due to increased resistance when introduced into concrete floors.

When introduced into the barrier, the penetrating effect of the ammunition is aggravated by the friction of the hull against the particles of the barrier.

When improving shells, much attention is paid to increasing efficiency by increasing speed when meeting with an obstacle. Considering that the possibility of changing ballistic characteristics due to changes in traditional aerodynamic characteristics is limited, the problem of increasing efficiency when meeting an obstacle is very urgent.

Known rocket engine for solid fuel, made in the form of an open charge [1]. It consists of layers of fuel located in a direction transverse to the axis of the charge and is equipped with an initiation system that provides alternate detonation of the layers of matter.

Layers of fuel with high detonation ability, the thickness of which is significantly greater than the critical thickness of the detonation of fuel interspersed with other layers of fuel from a substance with a low

detonation ability, the thickness of which is significantly less than its critical detonation thickness.

The engine provides the ability to widely vary traction, repeatedly resume and stop work.

An increase in efficiency, namely, rocket speed, as the authors write, is achieved by increasing the thrust momentum when the fuel layers are triggered, however, the engine design does not allow the overwhelming part of the gas to expand perpendicular to the surface of the charge end face and thereby significantly increase the thrust due to the layer thickness fuels with low detonation ability, which, when the base layer explodes due to thermal reactions, can itself detonate.

In addition, the presence of such a factor as the critical detonation thickness of a fuel layer with a low detonation ability does not make it possible to use such structures of smaller diameter than the critical one.

It should also be noted that when using an open charge, the placement of the initiation system described in the patent is physically impossible due to its fastening in the void.

Known pulsating detonation engine with sequentially triggered cartridges [2]. The method of operation of such an engine includes in each cycle the initiation of an explosive charge, the expansion of detonation products and their interaction with the reflector of the subsequent cartridge, providing the creation of a single traction impulse.

Improving the efficiency of this engine is ensured by the use of reflectors with cumulative recess, which significantly increases the efficiency.

However, this engine, being initially used, turns on all cassettes in series, and the on-time

cassettes is a function of the expiration time of detonation products from the previous cassette.

Stopping the engine and its subsequent inclusion is almost impossible.

It is known, taken as a prototype, a detonation device with sequentially actuating micromotors coaxially located in its body, each of which contains a layer of explosive located in the transverse relative to the axis of the body and a layer of a substance that prevents the propagation of detonation of explosive and equipped with an initiation system that provides alternate detonation of explosive layers in each micromotor [3].

The disadvantages of the prototype is the presence of a detonation cord passing through all the micromotors, and upon initial initiation, all micromotors will be switched on in turn.

The basis of this utility model is the task of creating a detonation device of increased efficiency and reliability for use in shells, missiles to increase their speed.

The technical result from the use of a detonation device, provided by the utility model, is expressed in increasing the efficiency of its use in shells and missiles when they meet an obstacle due to an increase in the penetration rate.

To solve the problem and achieve the specified technical result, in a known detonation device containing sequentially actuating micromotors coaxially located in its housing, each of which contains a layer of explosive located in the transverse relative to the axis of the housing and a layer of a substance that prevents the propagation of explosive detonation, and equipped

an initiation system that provides alternate detonation of explosive layers in each micromotor, according to a utility model, an initiation system provides alternate detonation of explosive layers in micromotors with constant or variable frequency at certain intervals, while the layer of the substance that prevents the propagation of detonation of explosive is made of material based on Kevlar-containing compositions.

It has been established experimentally that the use of an initiation system that provides alternate detonation of explosive layers in micromotors with constant or variable frequency at certain intervals and the implementation of a substance layer that prevents the propagation of explosive detonation from a material based on Kevlar-containing compositions, provide in combination with other features formulas obtaining the above technical result.

In a preferred embodiment, an active initiation system is installed in the detonation device, consisting of a set of instantaneous electric detonators and a programmable electric initiation unit, while the electric detonator is located in each micromotor, and a piezoelectric device is placed in front of the housing to generate electric current when creating inertial loads, for example, when meeting with an obstacle.

The electric initiation unit with software for the temporary initiation of micromotors allows you to adjust the supplied detonation pulses depending on the task assigned to the ammunition.

Figure 1 presents the detonation device.

Figure 2 presents the device for testing.

The detonation device (figure 1) contains: a housing (1), micromotors, each of which includes a layer of explosive (2) and a layer of a substance that prevents the propagation of detonation of explosive (3) deposited on an inert substrate (4), an initiation system, consisting of a set of instantaneous electric detonators (5), and a programmable electric initiation unit (6).

The operation of the detonation device (figure 1) is as follows. When the projectile (the warhead of the rocket) meets, the explosive substance of the first micromotor detonates from the instant electric detonator 5, for example, a detonator capsule. During detonation, the potential energy transforms into the kinetic energy of the emission of gases. Due to this energy, a pressure pulse arises, which provides an increase in the kinetic energy of the head of the product, and increases the depth of its penetration into the barrier. Part of the energy, falling on a layer of a substance that prevents the spread of detonation of an explosive, a layer of material based on Kevlar-containing compositions, deforms it. A material based on Kevlar-containing compositions is, along with porous gradient materials, rubber, and other energy-dissipating materials. Obviously, it refers to those energy-dissipating materials that are capable of effectively transforming wave fronts, which opens the way to controlling wave processes in the desired mode (4). Like the similar material of the prototype, it converts the energy of the shock wave into heat and deformation. But in combination with an active detonation initiation system in each micromotor according to a certain program, it allows you to achieve a result that is impossible in the prototype, where a detonation cord is used to initiate. The next step in the operation of the device is to initiate detonation in the second micromotor. For a circuit using

electric detonator capsules (Fig. 1), their initiation occurs from a blasting unit according to a given program.

The effectiveness of the proposed technical solution is confirmed by full-scale tests of model samples in bench conditions in a detonation installation (figure 2).

The testing device comprises: a housing (7), in the center of which an initiating device (8) is placed, in which an explosive charge (9) and an electric detonator (10) are installed, an energy-dissipating material (11) is placed in one of the housing bushings. Pressure sensors (12) are placed in each of the bushings.

When an electric current is supplied to an electric detonator, an explosive charge is undermined. The resulting detonation wave, propagating in all directions, reaches a sample of energy-dissipating material and acts on it. During testing, pressure is recorded with and without barriers from the material.

The table shows the test results of some samples of energy-dissipating materials based on Kevlar-containing compositions.

№№p / p Pressure in the 1st section, MPa Pressure in the 2nd section, MPa Rise time of the wave front, ms Pressure drop, times one 8.8 0.9 0.3 9.8 2 9.5 1.3 0.129 7.3 3 19,4 4.0 0.059 4.9 four 23.6 19.3 * 0.059 - Note: * Test without the use of energy dissipating material.

As can be seen from the table, the use of energy-dissipating materials reduces the pressure level of the detonation wave from 5 to 10 times.

Shooting tests were carried out using 30 mm armor-piercing shells in the standard version and, with the detonation engines with a high-mounted type of CD mounted in the rear. The tests were carried out by firing at 60 mm thick armored plates under the same conditions. The test results are presented in table 2.

table 2 №№p / p Shell design Penetration depth, mm one Full-time 21 ÷ 23 2 Single micromotor 30 ÷ 32 3 With two micromotors 36 ÷ 37

As can be seen from the table, the effectiveness of the action due to the use of micromotors increased by 1.3 ÷ 1.7 times.

Information sources

1. Patent RU No. 2200243, C2, 7 F02K 9/12, op. 2003.

2. Patent RU No. 2245449, C1, 5 F02K 9/08, op. 1994.

3. USA patent No. 3,889,462, F02K 9/04, op. 1975. (prototype)

4. A.V. Gerasimov, R. A. Krektuleva. Mathematical modeling of the impact of shock waves on samples of various geometries from gradient materials. Research Institute of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics at Tomsk University. Tomsk 2001 year

Claims (2)

1. A detonation device with sequentially actuating micromotors coaxially placed in its housing, each of which contains a layer of explosive located in the transverse direction relative to the axis of the housing and a layer of a substance that prevents the propagation of detonation of the explosive, and equipped with an initiation system that provides alternate detonation of the layers of explosive substances in each micromotor, characterized in that the initiation system provides alternate detonation of the layers of explosive of the substance in micromotors with constant or variable frequency at certain intervals, and the layer of the substance that prevents the propagation of detonation of the explosive is made of a material based on Kevlar-containing compositions. 2. The detonation device according to claim 1, characterized in that an active initiation system is installed in it, consisting of a set of instantaneous electric detonators and a programmable electric initiation unit, while the electric detonator is located in each micromotor, and a piezoelectric device is placed in front of the device to generate electric current when creating inertial loads, for example, when meeting with an obstacle.