RU80600U1 - AUTOMATED SYSTEM OF COMMERCIAL AND TECHNICAL METERING OF ELECTRIC POWER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to systems for monitoring and accounting for processes associated with the use of energy resources, in particular, it can be used to account for the loss of electric energy and for predicting train work, electric power consumption and electric energy losses in electric rolling stock circulation areas.

An automated system for commercial and technical metering of electricity consists of an automated device for commercial and technical metering of electricity, which includes meters for active and reactive energy of traction substations, a unit for measuring power quality indicators, a unit for collecting and transmitting data, a unit for collecting and integrating information, and a system modeling device traction power supply, consisting of a passport and reference data storage unit, a system parameter database unit electricity supply, a block of a database for the road development of landfill sites, a block of a database of current characteristics, a block of a database of speed characteristics, a unit for calculating a traction power system, a unit for constructing instantaneous circuits, a unit for correcting system operation, a unit for monitoring the adequacy of system operation, a unit for determining electricity losses, a unit for determining traction power consumption, a unit for predicting power quality indicators, a device for monitoring train work on a site, and a forecast unit traction power consumption.

A unit for measuring quality indicators has been introduced into an automated device for commercial and technical metering of electricity

electric power, a traction power prediction unit has been introduced into the train control device at the site.

The proposed system allows not only to record electricity consumption and energy losses, but also to forecast them, to control and forecast electric power quality indicators, as well as to predict traction load values, which allows to minimize electric energy losses by 20%.

Description

The utility model relates to systems for monitoring and accounting for processes associated with the use of energy resources, in particular, it can be used to account for the loss of electric energy and for predicting train work, electric power consumption and electric energy losses in electric rolling stock circulation areas.

A well-known automated system for commercial and technical accounting of electricity, containing meters of active and reactive energy of traction substations, a data collection and transmission unit and a data collection and integration unit (Chirkov V.K. Automation of electricity metering in Russia and abroad АМР.30.00.00- 03).

The disadvantage of this system is the inability to account for the loss of electrical energy and the ability to predict the output parameters.

A well-known automated system for commercial and technical accounting of electricity, containing meters of active and reactive energy of traction substations, a data collection and transmission unit and a data collection and integration unit, a device for simulating the operation of the traction power supply system and a device for monitoring train work on the site (Utility Model Patent No. 37422 , IPC: 7 G06F 17/60 Mitrofanov AN, Dobrynin EV, Garanin MA Automated system for commercial and technical metering of electricity, published on 04/20/04)

The disadvantage of this system is the lack of the ability to predict train work, energy consumption, energy losses, the lack of control and forecasting

power quality indicators, the lack of predictability of traction load.

This technical solution is selected as a prototype.

The technical result is the expansion of functionality by monitoring and forecasting indicators of power quality and predicting traction power consumption.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in an automated system of commercial and technical metering of electricity, consisting of an automated device for commercial and technical metering of electricity, which includes meters for active and reactive energy of traction substations, a data collection and transmission unit, a data collection and integration unit, from the device simulation of the operation of the traction power supply system, consisting of a storage unit of passport and reference data, a database unit of traction system parameters new power supply, a block of the database for the road development of landfill sites, a block of the database of current characteristics, a block of the database of speed characteristics, a unit for calculating the traction power supply system, a unit for constructing instantaneous circuits, a unit for correcting the operation of the system, a unit for monitoring the adequacy of the system, a unit for determining electricity losses, unit for determining traction power consumption and from the device for monitoring train work on the site. An electricity consumption forecasting unit with two inputs is additionally introduced into the automated device for commercial and technical accounting of electricity; its first input is connected to the output of the information collection and integration unit of the automated device for the commercial and technical accounting of electricity; in addition, it is additionally introduced into the automated device for the commercial and technical accounting of electricity power quality measurement unit connected in series with the input m collect data and transfer unit in the train control device works in

in addition to the section, a train forecasting unit has been introduced, the first input of which is connected to the output of the train control device at the section, the second input is the output of the traction power supply system calculation unit, and has two outputs, its first output is connected to the electric power consumption prediction unit, and also introduced a traction power prediction unit having one output, which is a direct output of a train operation monitoring device in a section, and three inputs, the first input of which is connected to the output of the train forecasting unit, the second input is connected to the output of the traction power supply system calculation unit, the third input is connected to the traction power consumption determination unit, and the electric power quality forecasting unit having two inputs, the first of which is connected to the output, is additionally introduced into the traction power operation simulation unit unit for determining traction power consumption, the second input is connected to the output of the unit for collecting and integrating information, and the output of the predictor unit The generation of electricity quality indicators is an additional output of an automated system of commercial and technical electricity metering, and an automated system of commercial and technical electricity metering has additionally introduced a unit for forecasting electricity losses, the first input of which is connected to the output of the device for modeling the operation of the traction power supply system, and the second input is connected to the output train control devices on the site.

The introduction of the unit for forecasting energy consumption in an automated device for commercial and technical accounting of electricity allows you to get the predicted values of the energy consumption in the device for monitoring train work at the site, the introduction of the unit for forecasting train work allows you to get a predicted timetable and a predicted timetable,

corresponding to the minimum losses and energy consumption, the introduction of a unit for forecasting energy losses in an automated system for commercial and technical accounting of electricity allows you to get predicted values of electricity losses, the introduction of a unit for measuring power quality indicators in an automated device for commercial and technical accounting of electricity and a unit for predicting electricity quality indicators in a modeling device traction power system allows you to obtain information about the quality of electricity and predict indicators of the quality of electricity, and the introduction of a unit for predicting traction power consumption, allows you to obtain predicted values of energy consumption for traction, thereby expanding the system’s functionality, self-tuning is carried out and overall the quality of the metering, monitoring and forecasting system is improved by areas of circulation of electric rolling stock.

Figure 1 - diagram of an automated system of commercial and technical metering of electricity.

The automated system for commercial and technical accounting of electricity contains an automated device for commercial and technical accounting of electricity 1, a device for simulating the operation of the traction power supply system 2, a device for monitoring train operation in section 3, active and reactive energy meters of the traction substations 4, a data collection and transmission unit 5, block collecting and integrating information 6, a storage unit for passport and reference data 7, a database unit for the parameters of the traction power supply system 8, a unit databases for track development of landfill sites 9, current characteristics database unit 10, speed characteristics database unit 11, traction system calculation unit

power supply unit 12, block for constructing instantaneous circuits 13, unit for correcting the operation of the system 14, unit for monitoring the adequacy of operation of the system 15, unit for determining electric power losses 16, unit for determining traction power consumption 17, unit for predicting energy consumption 18, unit for predicting electricity losses 19, prediction unit for train operation 20, a unit for measuring power quality indicators 21, a unit for predicting power quality indicators 22, a prediction unit for traction power consumption 23.

On the example of traction power supply of railway transport, the system operates as follows.

Active and reactive energy counters 4 take information from control points of objects, the unit for measuring power quality indicators 21 removes information about the quality of electricity, information from active and reactive counters for traction substations 4 and from the unit for measuring power quality indicators 21 enters the data collection and transmission unit 5 , which summarizes information from all the information collection devices of this object and data is transmitted, from the data collection and transmission unit 5, the information is transmitted to the data collection unit and integrating information 6 in which information from all circles of the landfill is summarized, from the first output of the data collection and integration unit 6, the data are supplied to the power consumption prediction unit 18, where the forecast values are generated, the second output of the information collection and integration unit 6 is information about the quality of electricity in different points of the plot and is the new exit system.

From the storage unit of passport and reference data 7, the data enters the database unit of the parameters of the traction power supply system 8 to determine the parameters of the circuit elements,

conductivity, short circuit power at the input of traction substations, etc. in accordance with the passport and reference data of existing equipment. Information on the train situation in the section (parameters of trains and the time they travel through the stations) is received into the train control device for section 3 from the simulator of the traction power supply system 2, the train schedule is generated, then the information goes to the train predictor 20 and the forecast block traction power consumption 23, the outputs of the device for monitoring train operation in section 3 is the forecast train schedule and the predicted values of the traction load. From the train forecasting unit 20, information is fed to the input of the power consumption forecasting unit 18, the power loss prediction unit 19 and the traction power consumption prediction unit 23, the outputs of these blocks are the predicted values of power consumption and losses, as well as the predicted values of the traction load.

Information about the weight and nature of the movement of trains from the train control device in section 3 is sent to the current characteristic database 10 and the speed characteristics database unit 11, in which the current and speed characteristics are selected that are closest to the actual weight and nature of the movement . Data from the database unit of the parameters of the traction power supply system 8, the database block of the track development of landfill sites 9, the database block of the current characteristics 10 and the database block of the speed characteristics 11 are input to the block for constructing instantaneous circuits 13 through the block for correcting the operation of system 14. the point in time the information passes through the operation correction unit 14 without changing. In the block building instantaneous circuits 13 is the construction of instantaneous circuits (dislocation of current loads

trains on the site at time points) with the necessary discretization for the accuracy of the calculation. From the block for constructing instantaneous circuits 13, the data are fed to the input of the calculation unit of the traction power supply system 12, where the calculation of instantaneous circuits of application of loads takes place. From the unit of calculation of the traction power supply system 12, the data is fed to the input of the unit for determining traction power consumption 17 for determining the energy consumption for traction of trains at the traction substations of the landfill, to the input of the train prediction unit 20, the output of which is a forecast schedule corresponding to the minimum losses and energy consumption. From the traction power consumption determination unit 17, power consumption data is input to the power loss determination unit 16 for determining power loss in the traction power supply system using the iteration method, power consumption data from the traction power consumption determination unit 17 is fed to the input of the power quality prediction unit 22, in which the forecasting of indicators of the quality of electricity occurs, to the second input of the indicator forecasting unit of the electric power quality indicator 22, information about the electric power quality is received from the information collection and integration unit 6, the third input of the electric power quality forecasting unit 22 receives information about the electric power consumption forecasting 18, the output of the electric power quality forecasting unit 22 is information about the electric power quality in various points of the site and is the new output of the system, as well as data on power consumption from the unit for determining traction power consumption 17 blunt the input unit 23 prediction tractive power consumption, in which the prediction values of traction loads to the second input of the block

predictions of traction power consumption 23 receives the calculated data of the traction power supply system from the calculation unit of the traction power supply system 12, the third input of the prediction unit of traction power consumption 23 receives the predicted train schedules from the prediction unit of train work 20, the output of the prediction unit of traction power consumption 23 represents information on forecasting values traction load for the coming time and is a new exit system.

Multi-threaded information from the unit for collecting and integrating information 6 and multi-threaded information from the unit for determining traction power consumption 17 is input to the unit for monitoring the adequacy of the system 15, in which the adequacy of the system is monitored by identifying real data received from the traction substation counters and calculation results, and further correction of the system. If the operation of the system for determining traction power consumption is adequate (the discrepancy between the real data received from the traction substation counters and the calculation results does not exceed the set limit), a signal is sent from the unit for monitoring the adequacy of the system 15 to the second input of the power loss determination unit 16 to enable operation to determine the loss of electricity if the system is not adequate (the discrepancy between the real data received from the traction substation counters and the calculation results exceeds the established ny limit) of the two control signals the control unit of the adequacy of system 15 provided to the second and third input operation correction unit 14 of the system.

The input of the proposed system is the input of an automated device for commercial and technical accounting of electricity 1, the input of the unit for measuring the quality indicators of electricity 21, and two inputs

train control devices in section 3, the output of the system is the output of the information collection and integration unit 6, the output of the power consumption prediction unit 18 of the automated device for commercial and technical metering of electricity 1, the output of the power loss prediction unit 19, the output of the traction power determination unit 17, the output of the unit forecasting indicators of the quality of electricity 22 devices simulating the operation of the traction power supply system 2, as well as two outputs of the forecast block train operation 20 and the output of the traction power forecasting unit 23 of the train operation control device in section 3.

The unit predicting traction power consumption 23 is a software installed on a computer, and operates as follows. The input of the traction power prediction unit 23 receives information about the train schedule for the coming time (Appendix 1) from the output of the train forecasting unit 20, and the calculated traction power supply system information (appendix 2) is received from the unit calculation of the traction power supply system 12, in addition, the input of the traction power prediction unit 23 receives power consumption data for the coming period (when dix 3) output from the determination unit 17. The traction power consumption using the information on the blocks 20, 12 and 17, calculates the traction power supply system for the next time. As the software of the traction power prediction unit 23, any software package that calculates the traction system can be used

power supply, for example, "NORD-3" or "Cortez", developed by the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Railway Transport (VNIIZhT) / Fedotov A.A. Optimization of the traction power supply system for heavy traffic in the main directions // Internet Resources: / publik / explotacion / train / november-05-10. htm /, the software and technological complex PTK “RNPS-ECH” developed by Samara State University of Railway Engineering (Appendix 4) / Mitrofanov AN, Garanin MA can also be used as software for the traction power prediction unit 23. The software and technology complex for calculating the available throughput of sections of direct current railways under the conditions of power supply (PTK RNPS-ECH) // Actual problems and prospects for the development of railway transport: Materials reg. Conf. 130th anniversary of KBSh.zh.d. Part 1. - Samara: SamGAPS, KBSh.zh.d. 2004. - S.253-257. /.

The unit for measuring electric power quality indicators 21 is a meter of electric energy quality indicators capable of operating as part of an automated electricity metering system (in fact, this means that the meter must have a data transmission function using RS 485 or RS 232 protocols). As such a meter, the Resource-UF2 device or another device from the UF series (Appendix 5) / Pecypc-UF2 // Internet Resources: ttp: //www.entp.ru/products/izmpke/resuf2 can be used .php /.

The unit for forecasting power quality indicators 22 is a software installed on a computer and operates as follows. At the input of the prediction block

power quality indicators 22, information on power consumption for the coming period (Appendix 3) is received from the output of the traction power consumption determination unit 17 and information on power consumption for individual objects from the output of the information collection and integration unit 6. This information is the source for predicting the quality of electric energy. The software itself can be developed independently on the basis of methods of mathematical statistics and probability theory, however, the authors' extensive experience in predicting various processes in the field of power supply / Mitrofanov AN, Garanin MA, Eremeev D.Yu. Management of electricity consumption processes on railway sections based on regulation of the train schedule // Bulletin of the Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences - Samara: Publishing House of the Sam. Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences - 2006. p.128-131 / allows you to recommend the program as forecasting time series based on identification methods developed by the Samara State University of Railway Engineering (Appendix 6) / Mitrofanov AN, Garanin MA, Mashkov D.A. The program for forecasting time series by identification // Certificate of official registration of computer programs No. 2005611417 of 04/18/05/.

The concepts of “quality of electric energy” and “indicators of the quality of electricity” are set out in Appendix 7.

The utility model is intended for automatic, continuous in time accounting of electricity consumption and losses and power quality indicators in order to further pay for consumed electricity and analysis of losses as an indicator

introduction of energy-saving technologies in the power supply economy.

The function of monitoring the adequacy of the system for determining electricity losses is realized by identifying real data obtained from traction substation counters and calculation results, and further correcting the system.

The proposed system allows not only to record electricity consumption and energy losses, but also to forecast them, to monitor and predict the quality of electricity, as well as to predict the traction load values, which minimizes electricity losses by 20%.

Annex 1

The concept of "train schedule"

The train schedule is a set of trajectories (in time) of the movement of individual trains on a separate section.

Table A 1.1 Schedule of trains on section AD in tabular form Train number Station A Station B Station C Station D Depart Arr. Depart Arr. Depart Arr. 2761 13:01 13:47 13:51 14:55 14:55 16:00 2375 14:56 15:47 15:47 16:30 16:30 17:20 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2621 21:01 21:47 21:51 10:55 p.m. 10:55 p.m. 00:00

Appendix 2

Information on the calculated data (parameters) of the traction power supply system

1. Location (pickets) of separate points (traction substations, sectioning posts and points of parallel connection).

2. Parameters of traction substations:

2.1. Number and types of transformers.

2.2. Parameters of supply and suction lines (type of wires, their make and length).

2.3. Short circuit power of traction substation.

2.4. Contact feeder settings. For two modes: the connection diagram of the wires of the contact suspensions of the tracks adopted in normal operation; when sectioning posts are disabled.

2.5. Open circuit voltage on traction substation tires.

2.6. The power of regional and non-traction loads.

3. Traction network parameters:

3.1. Type of contact network (with amplifying and shielding wires) along the entire length of the design sections.

3.2. Type of rail network over the entire length of the design sections.

3.3. Types of choke transformers.

3.4. Types of throttle jumpers.

3.5. Types of inter-throttle jumpers.

4. The average length of the block plots.

5. The average speed.

6. Type of EPS for freight trains.

7. Ambient temperature during a period of increased traffic intensity.

8. The condition of the backup equipment during a period of increased traffic intensity (on or off).

9. The period from the moment of electrification of settlement sites (years).

Appendix 3

Power Data Format

Table A 3.1 Sample power table Time Traction substation No. 1 Traction substation No. 2 Traction substation No. 3 Traction substation No. 4 Traction substation No. 5 Traction substation No. 6 Traction substation No. 7 Traction substation No. 8 Traction substation No. 9 09/21/02 0:00 9222 6199 592 527 349 156 2126 148 4662 09/21/02 0:30 1619 5722 663 630 355 263 2538 149 6943 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 09/27/02 23:30 3538 6269 1072 878 427 382 3786 237 5505 09/27/02 00:00 2943 0307 873 742 270 425 3188 162 5815

Appendix 4

Excerpt from user manual

to calculate the capacity of the traction power supply system (PTK "RNPS-ECH")

The software complex PTK RNPS-ECH is designed to solve on a personal computer the task of calculating the available throughput and various calculation tasks related to the selection of parameters, determining the characteristics of the modes and load capacity of traction power supply systems and their individual elements.

The PTK RNPS-ECH complex has a rigid structure and includes software modules for various purposes connected by common databases and control methods.

The RNPS-ECH PTK implements the approach for calculating the available capacity (LPS) by the load capacity of the traction power supply system elements: the voltage at the locomotive current collectors, heating the contact network wires, the loads of the traction substation equipment, the operation of the protection devices, the elements of the reverse traction network (Appendix 1).

The determination of permissible inter-train intervals is possible with variation:

- weight norms of trains in even and odd directions,

- idle voltage levels of traction substations,

- inclusion (shutdown) of backup equipment at traction substations of the site.

In addition, in order to assess potential emergency situations in the power supply system, a simulation model for calculating the system parameters according to the executed train schedule on the section has been implemented in the PTC RNPS-ECH. It is advisable to use this PTC RNPS-ECH mode to clarify instructively defined inter-train intervals when combining this procedure with evaluating the characteristics of the traction power supply system. The calculation is based on the information base of real power devices, parameters of the contact network, traction characteristics of electric locomotives with trains weighing 1000-7000 tons, high-speed modes of train movement, track development of the section.

In addition, the program allows you to calculate the power consumption according to a set executed motion schedule, which, in turn, can be set directly or predicted.

Appendix 5

Short description of the Pecypc-UF2 device

Pecypc-UF2 Electric Power Quality Indicator (PCE), manufactured by NPP Energotehnika (Russia), is a multifunctional device designed to measure electric power quality indicators in accordance with GOST 13109-97 and electric power values of the controlled network, which include: voltages and phase currents , phase angles between current and voltage, distortion coefficients of sinusoidality and harmonic components of current, active and reactive power, phase angle between harmonics of current and voltage.

To implement these functions, the Pecypc-UF2 has voltage and current inputs. The voltage inputs are galvanically isolated from the remaining modules of the device and consist of inputs of direct (220 V / 380 V) and transformer (57.7 V / 100 V) connections. Current inputs provide measurements on two ranges with rated current values of 1A and 5A. The current inputs are galvanically isolated from each other and from the voltage inputs, which allows you to connect the device in series with other devices (electricity meters, etc.). In addition to measuring a large number of electric power quantities, the Pecypc-UF2 meter has significant computing resources and provides a depth of storage of measurement results up to several months. It contains a special processor and a computer with a memory capacity of more than 16 MB, as well as high-speed RS-232 and RS-485 interfaces with a maximum exchange speed of up to 115200 bps.

"Pecypc-UF2" is included in the State Register of measuring instruments and has a certificate of conformity.

Appendix 7

The concepts of "quality of electric energy" and "indicators of the quality of electricity"

The quality of electricity is a combination of the properties of energy of electric current, which determine the mode of operation of electric receivers (electric motors, heating installations, lighting devices, electronic devices, etc.).

The quality of electricity can vary depending on the time of day, weather and climatic conditions, changes in the load of the power system, the occurrence of emergency conditions in the network, etc. A decrease in the quality of electricity can lead to noticeable changes in the operating modes of power receivers and, as a result, to a decrease in the productivity of working mechanisms, a deterioration in the quality of products, a reduction in the life of electrical equipment, an increase in the probability of accidents, etc.

To assess the quality of electric energy, indicators are used.

The most important indicators of the quality of electricity are:

1. Voltage deviation (slow voltage changes).

2. Voltage fluctuations (rapid voltage changes).

3. Non-sinusoidal voltage.

4. Voltage asymmetry.

5. Frequency deviation (frequency change).

6. Voltage dip.

7. The voltage pulse.

8. Temporary overvoltage.

In order to ensure the existing legal norms in the field of electricity quality in the Russian Federation, the following regulatory documents are in force:

- GOST 13109-97 "Electric energy. Electromagnetic compatibility. Quality standards for electric energy in general-purpose power supply systems ”;

- RD 153-34.0-15.501-00 “Guidelines for monitoring and analyzing the quality of electric energy in general-purpose power supply systems. Part 1. Quality control of electric energy ”(hereinafter referred to as the EP for CE control);

- RD 153-34.0-15.502-02 “Guidelines for the control and analysis of the quality of electric energy in general power supply systems. Part 2. Analysis of the quality of electric energy ”(hereinafter - RD for the analysis of CE).

In addition, with regard to organizations producing, transmitting and distributing electricity, the quality control of these processes is regulated in the PTE, PUE, in the Guidelines for the stability of energy systems, reactive power compensation, etc.

Claims (1)

An automated system for commercial and technical metering of electricity, consisting of an automated device for commercial and technical metering of electricity, which includes meters for active and reactive energy of traction substations, a data collection and transmission unit, a data collection and integration unit, and a traction power supply system simulation device, consisting of from the storage unit of passport and reference data, the database unit of the parameters of the traction power supply system, the database unit pu the development of landfill sites, a database of current characteristics database, a database of speed characteristics database, a unit for calculating a traction power supply system, a unit for constructing instant circuits, a system operation correction unit, a system operation adequacy control unit, a power loss determination unit, a traction power consumption determination unit, and from control devices for train work on the site, characterized in that in the device for commercial and technical metering of electricity of the automated system a unit for measuring the quality indicators of electric power has been introduced, which is connected in series with the input of the unit for collecting and integrating information, in which two outputs are additionally made, and a unit for monitoring and forecasting the parameters of electric power quality has been introduced into the device for modeling the operation of the traction power supply system of the automated system, which has one output and two inputs, one of which is connected to the output of the unit for determining traction power consumption, and the second to the output of the collection unit as well as integrating the information of the device for commercial and technical accounting of electricity, the traction power prediction unit is additionally introduced into the train control device at the site, which is connected to the train prediction unit of the same device by one input and connected to the traction power determination and calculation of the traction system by two inputs power supply device simulation of traction power supply system.