RU80100U1 - DEVICE FOR BATCH DOSING OF BULK MATERIALS - Google Patents

Abstract

The technical solution relates to devices for batch dosing of bulk materials, prone to caking and clumping, mainly hygroscopic materials. It can be used in food, chemical, medical and other industries. The device comprises a container for storing bulk material, a particle reflector and a truncated cone metering channel placed inside the tank, and dosing is carried out by imparting reciprocating movements along the axis of the metering channel.

Description

The technical solution relates to devices for dispensing bulk materials, prone to caking and clumping. This device is effective in dispensing poorly bulk materials and can be widely used in the food and chemical industries (from elementary salt shakers to elements of automatic volumetric and weight dispensers), in the medical and perfumery industries (inhalers, powdering devices, powders).

It is known that the dosing process directly depends on the physicomechanical properties of the bulk material. Some powdered materials are very difficult to dose. This applies mainly to hygroscopic materials with high adhesive forces. The moisture content of the bulk material determines the mobility of its particles and moisture, as a rule, worsens the flow characteristics of the bulk material. Bulk material with high humidity has large forces of adhesion of the particles, which contributes to the formation of clods and static arches above the opening of the hopper funnel. The outflow of such material from the opening of the container is extremely difficult. For example, in edible salt, if the moisture content does not exceed 0.5%, good outflow from the tank occurs, and when humidity increases to 1%, salt loses its flowability, with a moisture content of 2% it lies in the hopper [1].

Various devices for dispensing bulk materials are currently known, but the greatest difficulty is the creation of devices with improved conditions for the expiration of bulk materials, prone to clumping and caking. For this, they are used near

various flow dividers (disks, cones, crosses, etc.), impulses of the flow of bulk material in the form of mechanical (agitators, rippers) and vibrating collapsing devices. However, in some cases, for poorly bulk materials, the use of vibrations can lead to compaction of the material. The danger of material compaction is reduced during vibrator operating modes with large amplitudes and low frequencies. Moreover, the compaction of the material with horizontal vibration is stronger than with vertical [1].

Known devices for dispensing bulk materials, taking into account the average particle size to prevent the formation of arches, for example, a device containing a hopper, in the bottom of which there are outlet openings, and a shutter with holes located under the hopper, the ratio of the diameter of the holes of the hopper and granules of bulk material 5 <D / d <12, where D is the diameter of the outlet holes in the bottom of the hopper, d is the diameter of the granules of bulk material [2].

A finely ground salt feeder [3] and a seasoning dispenser [4] are also known, in which the internal cavity of the body with the bulk material is connected to the surrounding space via at least one outlet.

The known devices described above will not be able to work efficiently and without fail when using hygroscopic bulk materials, since during operation, with increasing humidity, such bulk material will stick together, form lumps and clog metering holes.

A device for batch dosing of bulk hygroscopic materials, including a container for bulk materials, a particle reflector and a metering channel having a cone with holes at one end located under the particle reflector, the dosing is carried out by giving the container reciprocating movements along the axis of the metering channel [ 5]. The main

The disadvantages of the proposed device are the difficulty of dispensing large particles of bulk materials due to clogging of the holes located on the cone, provided that the granules of the bulk material can be 5 or more times the diameter of the outlet openings, as well as inaccurate dosing due to the uncontrolled movement of the reflected particles. In this case, complete emptying of the vessel is difficult, since part of the particles after reflection will constantly return to the vessel.

Closest to the claimed device for dispensing bulk materials is a device containing a container for bulk material, a particle reflector and a metering channel made in the form of a truncated cone with a central smaller metering hole located under the inner surface of the conical particle reflector [6 - prototype]. This design allows you to change the size of the smaller opening of the metering channel over a wide range, significantly more than 5 diameters of granules of bulk material, which is very important for large particles and small sizes of containers for storing bulk materials. However, this device does not guarantee accurate dosing and complete emptying of the container with prolonged shaking and reflection of particles from the inner surface of the conical reflector.

The main advantage of the claimed device is its reliability in dispensing bulk materials prone to clumping and caking. Basically, this applies to hygroscopic materials. The proposed device can guarantee a constant flow of bulk material and complete emptying during operation.

A device for batch dosing of bulk materials contains a container for storing bulk material 1, a particle reflector 2 and a metering channel 3, placed inside the tank, which has a diameter of a smaller metering hole exceeding the average particle size of the bulk material by at least 5 times, and is under the reflector particles, the shape of the inner surface of which is made in the form

paraboloid of rotation, and the center of the smaller holes of the metering channel is located in the focus of the paraboloid (figure 1).

The dosing process is as follows. Low-frequency oscillations with a large amplitude are superimposed on the container with bulk material 1 along the axis of the metering channel 3. In this case, particles of the bulk material, moving along the axis of the metering channel, hit the inner parabolic surface of the reflector 2 and fall into the focus of the paraboloid, in which there is a smaller opening of the metering channel , and are discharged in portions through a larger opening of the metering channel 3. To prevent loss of bulk material during transportation of metering devices, a cover 4 is used.

In this device, lumps of granular material break up on the reflector, and the particles after the reflector acquire a certain kinetic energy, which eliminates the problem of the formation of a static arch above the smaller opening of the metering channel. The flow rate of bulk material is determined by the diameter of the smaller hole and the frequency of the superimposed oscillations. Typically, the diameter of the smaller opening of the metering channel exceeds the average particle size by at least 5 times.

To regulate the plume of discharged particles and increase the useful volume of the tank 1, the metering channel has the form of a generatrix in the form of a curve of the second or more orders.

In order to increase the useful volume of the tank 1 and improve consumer properties, the device can be made in the form of Russian "nesting dolls" (figure 2) or "tumblers" (figure 3). Such metering devices can function as salt shakers and pepper shakers.

Information sources:

1. Roginsky G.A. Dosing of bulk materials. - M.: Chemistry, 1978.- 176 p.

2. Patent RU 2246100, G01F 11/00, 02/10/2005.

3. Patent RU 94046156, A47G 19/24, 12/27/1996.

4. Patent RU 2266699, A47G 19/24, December 27, 2005.

5. Patent ES 2040167 A, 01.10.1993

6. Patent FR 786176 A, 08/28/1935 - prototype.

Claims (1)

A device for batch dosing of bulk materials containing a container for storing bulk material, a particle reflector and a metering channel in the form of a truncated cone with a diameter of a smaller metering opening exceeding the average particle size of the bulk material by at least 5 times, while dosing is carried out by giving the container back translational movements along the axis of the metering channel, characterized in that the shape of the inner surface of the particle reflector is made in the form of a paraboloid of rotation, with the center A smaller opening of the metering channel is located at the focus of the paraboloid.