RU7996U1 - BOTTOM METAL BLOWING DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A device for bottom purging of metal, containing a socket block with a porous plug located in it, consisting of two parts - the upper and lower ones, enclosed in a conical shell with a flange on the larger base side, made with an inert gas supply opening between the parts a cavity is formed for the porous plug to uniformly distribute the inert gas over the end surface of the upper part, made with directed porosity, and the shell assembly with the porous plug is attached to the socket block by means of refractory bonding material, characterized in that the outer part of the porous plug is made with non-directional porosity, its inner part is made in the form of a body of revolution or in the form of a truncated polyhedral pyramid, the inner surface of the outer part of the porous plug has a shape adequate to the shape of the inner part, the channels of the porous plug made with a cross section in the form of a circle, or a polygon, or a segment and are located along the plane of contact of the inner and outer parts of the porous plug, while the cavity between the flange m and the porous plug is a recess made on the lower base of the porous plug and / or on the inner wall of the flange, and the cavity between the parts is a recess made on the lower base of the upper part and / or upper base of the lower part of the porous plug, with the end face of the upper part of the porous plug is located outside the nesting unit by an amount X selected from a range of 5-50 mm. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the recess from the relation. D = (1.01 - 1.50) D, where D is the diameter of the lower base

Description

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Device for bottom metal overloading

A device for bottom purging of metal, for example steel, is intended for inert gas purging of steel in steel casting and intermediate ladles, as well as in plants like AKOS and others.

Various designs of devices for bottom blowing steel are known, namely, devices with directional porosity, which are a lance with a dense outer layer of refractory material and a porous inner layer of refractory particles of a narrow fractional composition (Lance article and porous inserts of ladle metallurgy V.I. Baptizman and etc. Ferrous metallurgy: Bull. in-ta Chermetinformatsiya M., 1989. Issue 2. P.6-16).

A device for bottom purging of metal is also known, containing a nesting unit with a porous plug located in it, consisting of coaxially arranged pressed (pressed) parts, the outer of which has the shape of a truncated cone, and enclosed in a conical shell having a porous plug on the larger base a flange made with an inert gas supply opening, a cavity being made between the flange and the porous plug, the porosity of the porous plug is formed by channels, and the shell with a porous plug th block is attached to the female by refractory adhesive material (FRG №3530316, MKI application C 21 C 5/48, 1985, the prototype).

tuyeres with non-directional porosity do not allow for a stable supply of inert gas and fail prematurely due to the penetration of metal into large pores. In addition, the presence of slit-like and ring-shaped channels predetermine the use of concrete technology and have lower quality indicators compared to firing.

In addition, the disadvantages of the known devices include relatively low operational capabilities, namely, the short service life of the porous plug due to the presence of temperature stresses, unstable inert gas supply due to clogging of metal purge channels, technological complexity in manufacturing, and, as a result, increased product price.

The task to which the utility model is directed is the development of a device for bottom purging of metal with high performance properties, such as increased service life, stability of the flow of inert gas at the outlet of the porous plug, reliability and safety in operation. In addition, a device for bottom

MKIS21S5 / 48

metal purges are technologically advanced to manufacture and have a low cost.

To solve the problem with obtaining the above technical result, in a known device for bottom purging of metal, containing a nest block with a porous plug located in it, consisting of two parts - upper and lower, enclosed in a conical shell with a flange on the side of the larger base made with an inert gas supply opening, a cavity is formed between the parts of the porous plug for uniform distribution of inert gas over the end surface of the upper part made with porous plug, moreover, the shell assembly with the porous plug is attached to the nest block by refractory bonding material, the outer part of the porous plug is made with non-directional porosity, its inner part is made in the form of a body of rotation or in the form of a truncated polyhedral pyramid, the inner surface of the outer part of the porous plug has a shape adequate to the shape of the inner part, the channels of the porous plug are made with a section in the form of a circle or a polygon or segment and are located on the plane of contact the inner and outer parts of the porous plug, the cavity between the flange and the porous plug is a recess made on the lower base of the porous plug and / or on the inner wall of the flange, and the cavity between the parts is a recess made on the lower base of the upper part and / or the upper base of the lower part of the porous plug, while the end face of the upper part of the porous plug is located outside the nesting unit by an amount X selected from a range of 5 mm to 50 mm.

In addition, the diameter DI of the recess on the lower base is determined from the ratio: Di (l, 01 -1.50) D2, where D2 is the diameter of the lower base of the upper part of the porous plug.

In addition, the inner part of the porous plug is made of at least two coaxially arranged parts between which channels are made by smelting organic or mineral material.

. In addition, when the inner part of the porous plug is made in the form of a truncated multifaceted pyramid, the latter consists of compressed layers oriented in the direction of inert gas movement, while channels are located between the layers.

In addition, the channels of the porous cork are made by smelting organic or mineral material, while the channels with a cross-section in the form of a circle have a diameter di determined from the range from 0.1 mm to 1.5 mm, and the channels with a cross-section in the form of a rectangle or segment have a width B determined from the relation B (0.10 - 0.9) C, where C is the circumference of the diameter of the lower base of the inner part of the porous

cork or circle into which the polyhedron of the lower base of the truncated polyhedral pyramid is inscribed, and the height No. is from the range from 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm

In addition, the inner part of the porous tube is made of at least two consecutive parts, between which the cavity is made.

In addition, the cavity between the parts of the inner part of the porous tube is formed by a recess made in the mating zone of the parts in one and / or other parts.

In addition, the depth ti of the recess on the lower base of the porous plug is (0.005 - 0.05) h, where h is the height of the porous plug.

In addition, the depth ti of the recess on the flange is in the range from 2 mm to 4 mm.

In addition, in a porous cork, the upper portions of the channels or channels along the entire length are located in a spiral.

In addition, the shell is made by welding or drawing in a seamless way from stainless steel with a thickness of 0.3-1.2 mm, and welding takes place in an inert gas medium using special electrodes and a surfacing wire.

In addition, the flange on the side of the porous plug is made with an annular groove forming an end wall for joining by welding around the entire perimeter to the shell with the possibility of providing a tight equal strength joint.

In addition, for the distribution of the inert gas entering the cavity between the flange and the porous stopper, a flow divider is placed opposite the flange hole.

In addition, the porous plug is located inside the nesting block with the formation of a recess, which is filled with refractory material.

These signs are essential and interconnected causal relationship with the formation of a set of essential features necessary and sufficient to achieve the specified technical result.

In FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section of a device for bottom blowing metal.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section of a device for bottom blowing metal with a porous plug, in which the inner part consists of several parts located in series.

In Fig.Z - shows embodiments of the cross-sections of the channels of the porous tube.

Figure 6 is a top view of a porous plug in the case of the execution of its inner part 14 in the form of a polyhedron.

The utility model is illustrated by a specific implementation example, which, however, is not the only possible one, but clearly demonstrates the possibility of achieving this set of features of a technical result.

A device for bottom blowing metal containing a socket block 1 (Fig.1, 2) with a porous plug located in it, consisting of two parts 2, 3 - the upper and lower ones, enclosed in a conical shell 4 having a flange 5 on the side of the larger base filled with a hole 6 for supplying an inert gas.

A cavity 7 is provided between the flange 5 and the porous plug for uniform distribution of the inert gas coming from the opening 6. For the same purpose, a flow divider 8 is introduced into the structure, made in the form of at least one plate located in the cavity 7 against the hole 6 with the possibility of uniform distribution of the inert gas flow in the cavity 7.

The cavity 7 between the flange 5 and the lower part 3 of the porous tube is a recess 9 made. on the lower base of the lower part 3 of the porous plug and / or recess 10 on the inner wall of the flange 5. The diameter of the recess 7 on the lower base of the lower part 3 of the porous plug should be as large as the lower part 3 of the plug is made with non-directional porosity.

The flange 5 is made with an annular groove 11 forming the end wall 12 for connection by welding with the sheath 4 with the formation of a sealed equal strength seam. The groove 11 can be located both on the side of the porous plug and on the outside of the flange 5.

The upper part 2 of the porous tube can be made in the form of two coaxially arranged parts - the outer 13 and the inner 14. The inner part 14 of the upper part 2 can be made in the form of a truncated cone (Figs. 1, 5) or in the form of a truncated polyhedral pyramid (Fig. 4, 6), the inner surface of the outer part 13 of the upper part 2 has a shape adequate to the shape of the inner part 14. The inner part 14 of the upper part 2 can be made in the form of two coaxially arranged elements 15 and 16.

Figure 2 shows a variant according to which the inner part of the porous plug 2 is made in the form of two successive elements 17 and 18, while between the elements 17 and 18, as well as between the element 18 and the lower part 3, cavities 19 are made.

The porosity of the upper part 2 of the porous plug is formed by channels 20 made by the smelting method, having a cross section in the form of a circle or polygon (slit) or segment and located along the contact plane of the inner 14 (figure 1) and outer 13 parts of the upper part 2 of the porous plug.

When performing the inner part 14 of the porous tube in the form of a truncated polyhedral pyramid (Figs. 2 and 6), the latter may consist of compressed layers 21 (Fig. 4) oriented in the direction of inert gas movement, while channels 20 are located between the layers 21.

The channels 20 of the porous plug 2 are made by smelting organic or mineral material, while the channels 20 with a cross-section in the form of a circle have a diameter di determined from the range from 0.2 mm to 0.8 mm, and the channels with a cross section in the form of a rectangle or segment have a width B , determined from the relation B (0.10 - 0.9) C, where C is the circumference of the diameter of the lower base of the inner part of the porous tube or circle into which the polyhedron of the lower base of the truncated polyhedral pyramid is inscribed, and the height H is in the range from 0.05 mm to 1.5 mm.

When performing channels 20 by the method of smelting, a woven mesh of organic and mineral fibers, or thin strips of organic materials, are used.

So, as a material, a woven mesh of organic (polyvinyl chloride, etc.) or mineral (graphite, etc.) fibers with a thickness of 0.10 mm - 1.8 mm, for example, in the form of a stocking, can be used. With a thread thickness of less than 0.10 mm, the inert gas supply for purging is reduced. With a thread thickness of more than 1.8 mm, metal penetrates into the channel at the initial instant of smelting and between metal castings.

When using a mesh with a thickness of 0.10 mm - 1.8 mm, channels are formed that provide the required amount of inert gas and exclude the possibility of molten metal flowing into the channels formed after the burnout of the mesh. Depending on the number of cones, the number of grids may be more than two. In order to increase the volume of incoming inert gas, the number of nets worn on one cone may be more than two.

In addition, strips of organic materials (polyethylene, plastic, cellophane, etc.) with a thickness of 0.1 mm -0.7 mm, necessary for purging the volume of gas, can be used as the material. With a thickness of more than 0.7 mm, liquid metal cannot flow into the slot. The width of the strips is selected from the ratio: (0.10-0.9) C, where C is the circumference of the lower base of the inner part 14 of the upper part 2 of the porous tube. With a width of less than 0.1 C - circumference, the manufacturing technology of the channels 20 is substantially complicated. With a width of more than 0.9 C the circumference of the lower base of the inner part 14 of the upper part

2 of the porous plug, a double-slot lance is obtained, and it is difficult to achieve a uniform supply of inert gas over the cross section of the porous plug in case of clogging of a part of it.

The strips are cut from a trapezoidal shape of a sheet of organic material or from a plastic bottle of a cylindrical shape (such as a plastic container for Pepsi, forfeit and mineral water).

The trapezoidal shape of the sheet is necessary for the manufacture of a truncated cone, while the sections extending beyond the edges of the cork are glued. When using bottle containers, a cylinder with hanging

ribbons.

The transverse dimensions of the channels 20, characterized by the radius of the surface of the liquid metal held by surface tension forces, are such that when they increase above the upper limit, the forces of surface tension and pressure of the gas stream do not provide metal retention from penetration into the channels.

In order to increase the twisting of the inert gas jets, the upper sections of the channels 20 or channels 20 along the entire length are located in a spiral. For the same purpose, the strips can be cut in a straight line with curved sections of the ends or in a helix.

However, with an increase in the cross-sectional area of the channels 20, the swirl effect from the action of the spiral trajectories is violated. the vertical component of the gas stream increases.

The cavity 19 between the elements 17 and 18 of the inner part 14 of the porous tube is formed by a recess made in the interface between the elements or in one of the elements 17,18 or in both elements 17 and 18. The diameter DI of the cavity 19 is determined from the relation: DI (1, 01 1,50) D2, where D2 is the diameter of the lower base of the element of the inner part 14 of the porous plug or circle into which the polyhedron of the lower base of the truncated polyhedral pyramid of the inner part 14 is inscribed. The diameter of the cavity 19 between the element 18 and the lower part 3 p is determined from similar conditions Risto cork.

The depth ti of the recess 9 on the lower base of the lower part 3 of the porous plug is (0.005 - 0.05) h, where h is the height of the parts 2 and 3 of the porous plug.

The depth t2 of the recess 10 on the flange 5 is in the range from 2 mm to 4 mm.

The flange 5 is attached to the sheath 4 by welding along the entire perimeter with the possibility of providing a sealed equal strength seam, which helps to increase the life of the device as a whole. To solve the same problem, a refractory adhesive vacuum-tight material is introduced between the porous plug and the shell 4, which provides a tight and durable connection of the outer surface of the parts 2,3 of the porous plug with the shell

4, and also to provide high resistance to molten metal due to the exclusion of its penetration along the seam. As an adhesive vacuum-dense material, a composition based on aluminum phosphates is used, hardening at a temperature below 200 degrees and providing reliable adhesion of the refractory and metal up to 2000 degrees.

The shell 4 is made of stainless steel, is produced by welding or drawing in a seamless way, and welding occurs in an inert gas environment using special electrodes and a surfacing wire.

Stainless steel is selected in order to increase the corrosion resistance against the action of iron oxides. The shell thickness is selected in the range of 0.3-1.2 mm. With a thickness of less than 0.3 mm, it is virtually impossible to perform subsequent welding with a flange and ensure reliable gas tightness of the sheath 4. With a thickness of more than 1.2 mm, it is possible for the metal to enter the connecting seam during corrosion of the sheath during operation. A shank is welded to the metal flange 5 of the shell 4 for connection to an inert gas supply system. The seam should be vacuum tight.

As a refractory material for the outer and inner parts of the porous cork, a composition based on a granular filler (electrocorundum, calcined alumina, spinel, periclase, etc.) is used. Fractions 4 mm - 0.1 mm in the amount of 70-98%., Ground ligaments based on calcium aluminates (6A1203 CaO, ZA1203 CaO) in the amount of 2-30% and temporary mineral-organic or organic ligaments in the amount of 2-6%. The use of a finely dispersed binder of calcium aluminates in the material makes it possible to obtain a microporous structure with a pore size of not more than 3Okm, the mineral-organic or organic binder provides a strong connection of refractory components and an organic woven mesh.

The porous plug is located inside the socket block 1 (Fig. 1,2) in such a way that its upper end is located outside the socket block by an amount X selected from the range from 5 mm to 50 mm - this is necessary so that channels are not obscured 20. In between the swimming trunks, metal drains from the cork on the bottom of the bucket. The south end of the porous plug is located inside the socket unit 1 with the formation of the recess 21. In this case, the recess 21 is filled with refractory material, which prevents the destruction of the metal purge device in the event of penetration of liquid metal into the plug.

A device for bottom blowing steel is as follows. In the process of purging liquid metal, an inert gas enters the cavity 7, which is evenly distributed due to the divider flange 5 installed on the outlet 6 from the hole 6, and also due to the presence of the cavity 7.

Further, inert gas under pressure flows through the lower part 3, made with non-directional porosity, cavity 19. In one embodiment (figure 2), the cavity 19 can be made annular and / or in the form of a recess on the upper base of the lower part 3 having non-directional porosity. This embodiment allows you to evenly distribute the inert gas over the annular area of the inlet of the channels 20.

Further, the inert gas propagates through the channels 20 located along the mating surfaces of the outer part 13 and the elements 15, 16 or 17.18 in the case of the execution of the inner part 14 in the form of sequentially arranged elements. At the exit of the plug, the inert gas jets are twisted relative to the longitudinal axis of the porous plug and penetrate the liquid metal to a greater depth, while moving the metal in the bucket space.

The parameters of the porous plug are selected with the ability to provide control over a wide range of inert gas flow rate into the molten metal, while increasing the reliability of the system by preventing the penetration of molten metal into the plug.

The implementation of the upper part 2 of the porous tube from pressed coaxially arranged bodies of revolution or polyhedral truncated pyramids with channels located between them significantly increases the efficiency of the porous tube by increasing the decrease in the degree of destruction of the refractory material in the exit zone of an inert gas and the contact of the porous tube with liquid metal.

The utility model meets the eligibility condition for industrial applicability, since the manufacture of the device is also possible using existing means of production using known technologies.

Claims (14)

1. A device for bottom purging of metal, containing a socket block with a porous plug located in it, consisting of two parts - the upper and lower ones, enclosed in a conical shell with a flange on the larger base side, made with an inert gas supply opening between the parts a cavity is formed for the porous plug to uniformly distribute the inert gas over the end surface of the upper part, made with directed porosity, and the shell assembly with the porous plug is attached to the socket block by means of refractory bonding material, characterized in that the outer part of the porous plug is made with non-directional porosity, its inner part is made in the form of a body of revolution or in the form of a truncated polyhedral pyramid, the inner surface of the outer part of the porous plug has a shape adequate to the shape of the inner part, the channels of the porous plug made with a cross section in the form of a circle, or a polygon, or a segment and are located along the plane of contact of the inner and outer parts of the porous plug, while the cavity between the flange m and the porous plug is a recess made on the lower base of the porous plug and / or on the inner wall of the flange, and the cavity between the parts is a recess made on the lower base of the upper part and / or upper base of the lower part of the porous plug, with the end face of the upper part of the porous plug is located outside the nesting unit by an amount X selected from a range of 5-50 mm.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the recess from the ratio. D ₁ = (1.01 - 1.50) D ₂ ,
where D ₂ is the diameter of the lower base of the upper part of the porous tube.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner part of the porous tube is made of at least two coaxially located parts between which channels are made by smelting organic or mineral material.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that when the inner part of the porous plug is in the form of a truncated polyhedral pyramid, the latter consists of compressed layers oriented in the direction of inert gas movement, while channels are located between the layers. 5. The device according to claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the channels of the porous cork are made by smelting organic or mineral material, while the channels with a cross-section in the form of a circle have a diameter d ₁ determined from the range of 0.1 - 1.5 mm, and channels with a section in the form of a rectangle or segment have a width B, determined from the ratio
B = (0.10 - 0.9) C,
where C is the circumference of the diameter of the lower base of the inner part of the porous tube or circle into which the polyhedron of the lower base of the truncated polyhedral pyramid is inscribed
and the height H is from the range of 0.05 to 1.5 mm.  6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner part of the porous tube is made of at least two consecutive parts, between which a cavity is made.  7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity between the parts of the inner part of the porous tube is formed by a recess made in the mating zone of the parts in one and / or other parts. 8. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the depth t _{1 of the} recess on the lower base of the porous tube is
(0.005 - 0.05) h,
where h is the height of the porous plug. 9. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the depth t _{2 of the} recess on the flange is in the range of 2 to 4 mm  10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that in the porous plug the upper portions of the channels or channels along the entire length are arranged in a spiral.  11. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sheath is made by welding or drawing in a seamless way from stainless steel with a thickness of 0.3-1.2 mm, and welding occurs in an inert gas environment using special electrodes and a surfacing wire.  12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the flange on the side of the porous plug is made with an annular groove forming an end wall for joining by welding around the entire perimeter to the shell with the possibility of providing a tight equal strength joint.  13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that for the distribution of the inert gas entering the cavity between the flange and the porous plug of inert gas, a flow divider is placed opposite the hole of the flange. 14. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the porous plug is located inside the socket block with the formation of a recess that is filled with refractory material.