RU77607U1 - FILTER DEVICE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to filtration plants for the purification of natural and waste waters, as well as other liquids using ion exchange resins, and can be used in energy, metallurgy, chemical and other industries that use demineralized or softened water in technological processes. A filtering device is proposed, comprising a housing with nozzles, in which the upper and lower distribution devices are located between which the filtering material is located. Moreover, between the upper and lower distribution devices, an additional middle distribution device is installed, installed so that after the cation exchange resin is exhausted, the distance between the caps of this distribution device and the lower boundary of the floating layer of inert material ensures that the loosening washing is performed with a relative expansion of the upper loading layers by 40% vol. The experiments carried out on a typical chemical water treatment plant with an average capacity of 150 cubic meters per hour and a filter cycle volume of 12,000 cubic meters using the proposed technical solution showed the possibility of reducing the washing water consumption by an average of 20-25% while increasing the life of the ion exchange resin by 3-7%.

Description

The utility model relates to filtration plants for the purification of natural and waste waters, as well as other liquids using ion exchange resins, and can be used in energy, metallurgy, chemical and other industries that use demineralized or softened water in technological processes.

Currently, a large number of filtration plants (filters) of various designs are known for countercurrent ion-exchange water treatment. (RU 2058817, 1995; V.D. Lukin, Yu.Lemelyanov, Filtration in the chemical industry, L-D, Chemistry, 1982, p. 36-61; L.N. Planovsky, P.I. Nikolayev, Processes and devices chemical and petrochemical technology, M., Chemistry, 1972, p. 72-88).

Common to all filters is the presence of a housing equipped with upper and lower distribution devices for supplying the liquid to be cleaned and for removing the filtrate, as well as filtering and inert materials placed in it.

Most of the existing methods for pre-treatment of water before ion exchange do not provide clarified water that does not lead to contamination with suspended solids of ion-exchange resins (mainly cation exchangers). Cleaning the upper layer of cation exchanger in known filter designs is carried out by an upward flow of washing water for 3-5 minutes, while the entire load rises quickly to contact with an inert material and is compacted. In other designs, the cleaning of a part of the filter material is carried out by loosening washing in another container, after hydroloading from the filter.

In the first case, even the use of a water-air cleaning method does not always give a positive result, since a small free space between the filter and inert material eliminates the expansion of the filter load necessary for washing. In the second case, an additional flushing system with a capacity is needed, equipment downtime associated with hydraulic overloads and significant water consumption occur.

In particular, the installation is known (RU 2058817, 1995), which is a housing with nozzles and upper and lower distribution devices in which the ion-exchange resin is placed.

The disadvantage of the installation is the lack of cleaning efficiency associated with clogging of the filter material with impurities, as well as the duration and insufficient efficiency of the resin recovery processes in the “clamped” layer of ion exchanger.

Closest to the claimed technical solution is the installation for water purification (RU 21912, 2001), which is a housing equipped with upper and lower distribution devices for supplying cleaned liquid and drainage of the filtrate, in which filtering and inert materials are placed, and there is free from sorbents space.

The disadvantage of this device is the difficulty of regeneration and washing of the upper resin layers that are most contaminated during filtration from top to bottom without overloading in a special container.

The technical problem solved by the authors was the modification of the filtration device in such a way as to ensure efficient washing of the cation exchange resin from contamination before regeneration at minimum operating costs, without overloading into the washing tank.

The technical result was achieved by installing in the filter housing between the upper and lower switchgear an additional (middle) switchgear, installed so that after the cation exchange agent is exhausted, the distance between the caps of the proposed switchgear, device and the lower boundary of the floating layer of inert material provides

performing a loosening washing with a relative expansion of the upper layers of the load by 40%, which, as a rule, is about 30-100 cm, depending on the properties of the resin used and the characteristics of the treated liquid.

The medium distribution device provides loosening flushing of the upper layers of the filter load, which are most susceptible to contamination. Rinsing is carried out after the depletion of cation exchanger, while the height of the filter load layer is reduced.

A general view of the filtration device is shown in figure 1, where the following notation is introduced:

1 - upper switchgear;

2 - inert material;

3 - filter load (cation exchanger);

4 - lower switchgear;

5 - medium switchgear.

6 - filter housing

The filter works as follows. In the operating cycle, the water to be purified flows through the upper switchgear 1, passes through the layers of inert material 2 and the filter charge (cation exchanger) 3, where it is purified from suspended and dissolved impurities. After that, the purified water leaves through the lower switchgear 4.

Before regeneration of the filter load, washing water with a certain flow rate is supplied through the middle distribution device 5, loosens the contaminated loading layer and is removed through the upper distribution device 1. After that, washing (if necessary) and regeneration are carried out according to the standard scheme.

The experiments carried out on a typical chemical water treatment plant with an average capacity of 150 cubic meters per hour and a filter cycle volume of 12,000 cubic meters using the proposed technical solution showed the possibility of reducing the washing water consumption by an average of 20-25% while increasing the life of the ion exchange resin by 3-7%.

Claims (3)

1. A filtration device comprising a housing with nozzles, in which there are upper and lower distribution devices, between which filter material is located, characterized in that an additional middle distribution device is installed between the upper and lower distribution devices. 2. The filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that the middle distribution device is installed so that after the cation exchanger is depleted, the distance between the caps of this distribution device and the lower boundary of the floating layer of inert material ensures that the loosening washing is performed with a relative expansion of the upper loading layers by 40 about.%. 3. The filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that the middle distribution device is installed at a distance of 30-100 cm from the lower boundary of the floating layer of inert material.