RU77246U1 - DEVICE FOR REDUCING WATER RESISTANCE TO MOTION OF A SHIP (OPTIONS) - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to shipbuilding and relates to the design of devices to reduce water resistance to the movement of ships using air lubrication of the underwater part of their hulls.

The objective and technical result is to reduce the resistance of water to the movement of the vessel by creating on the underwater part of the hull of the vessel bubble lubrication from small air bubbles formed by the release of compressed air through the microholes in the elastic membrane. Both versions of the device contain pipelines, a source of compressed air, an air system, an elastic membrane with micro holes. The air system is mounted on the underwater hull.

According to the first embodiment, the device comprises air ducts containing a base on which a cover with holes is fixed and an elastic membrane with microholes. According to the second variant, the device comprises a pipe with holes on which an elastic membrane with micro holes is fixed.

Technical and economic efficiency from the use of the proposed utility model consists in the creation of displacement vessels equipped with an air supply system to the underwater part of the ship’s hull through a polymer elastic membrane with microholes, which will allow the ship to save up to 40% of fuel by reducing friction against water, as well as increase his speed.

P.F. 4, FIG. 4.

Description

The utility model relates to shipbuilding and relates to the design of devices to reduce the resistance of water to the movement of ships using air lubrication of the underwater part of the hulls.

A device for reducing water resistance to the movement of the vessel, containing an elastic shell attached with a gap to the hull of the vessel [1]. However, such a device has an electromagnetic drive for its operation, which does not allow the use of compressed air energy.

A device is known for reducing water resistance by supplying air to the bottom of the vessel, through special protrusions with holes staggered on the bottom of the vessel, due to the discharge formed in the holes when the vessel is moving [2].

However, the protrusions on the bottom of the vessel increase the resistance of the water to the movement of the vessel, as well as the air outlet openings become clogged over time and the effect when water resistance decreases due to air lubrication will decrease.

It is also known a device [3] for reducing water resistance to the movement of the vessel due to open compartments located on the bottom of the vessel and the receiver, as a source of compressed air communicated with these compartments by non-return valves through the pipeline, while the receiver is equipped with an air distribution system on the hull surface under water, and each of the air compartments is blocked from below by a part of the elastic shell, which is made in the form of a flat closed chamber filled with liquid, and is equipped with a pressure pipe for supplying air to it t compartment with non-return valve. In addition, the above pressure line of each of the air compartments is in communication with the atmosphere. The device operates due to wave resistance or waves on the water surface, which, through elastic shells above the sealed compartments, transmit air pressure to the air system, which subsequently distributes air along the bottom and sides of the vessel through a system of valves and air tubes, creating air lubrication to reduce the friction of the vessel about water. This device is taken as the closest analogue prototype for both options.

The main disadvantages: the complexity of the design by dividing the bottom of the vessel into compartments and in case of destruction of the elastic membrane, the movement of the vessel will greatly slow down. The creation of large vessels with such a device is problematic.

The objective and technical result is to reduce the resistance of water to the movement of the vessel by creating a bubble layer around the bottom of the vessel

lubrication from small air bubbles formed by the release of compressed air through micro-holes in the elastic membrane.

The proposed utility model has the following set of essential features having a causal relationship with the technical result.

In the already known device for reducing water resistance to the vessel’s movement with the formation of air lubrication of the underwater part of the ship’s hull containing pipelines and a compressed air source, the distinguishing features from the prototype that create the specified technical result are that the air system is installed at the underwater part of the ship’s hull, including at least option 1 - one or more ducts containing a base on which a cover with holes and an elastic membrane with microholes for fastening are fixed and compressed air; in option 2, one or more pipes with holes and a membrane fixed to them with microholes for the release of compressed air.

In both cases, air ducts (option 1) and pipes (option 2) are connected to a source of compressed air. Microholes in elastic membranes are made in the range of 0.003 mm plus, minus 50%.

The definition of the prototype, as the closest analogue, made it possible to identify a set of features essential in relation to the technical result in the claimed device, which are set forth in the utility model formula. Therefore, the claimed utility model meets the criterion of "novelty" under current law.

Figure 1 - the proposed device, a side view of the vessel, schematically.

Figure 2 is a transverse section of the vessel, schematically.

Figure 3 is a section aa of the duct, schematically, option 1.

Figure 4 is a section along the BB pipe, schematically, option 2.

In figure 3, 4 holes of 0.003 mm are depicted on an enlarged scale.

The positions in the figures indicate.

For options 1, 2.

1 - ship hull; 2 - underwater part of the hull; 3 - pipelines; 4 - compressor as a source of compressed air; 5 - keel of the vessel. For option 1, 6 - duct, 7 - the base of the duct; 8 - cover; 9 - holes in the cover; 10 - membrane; 11 - micro holes in the membranes (options 1, 2).

Option 2, 12 - pipe; 13 - holes in the pipe; 14 - membrane; 15 - jumpers on the keel 5; 16 - windows on the keel; 17 - small air bubbles.

The proposed device to reduce the resistance of water to the movement of the vessel, then the device is made and operates as follows.

On the underwater part 2 of the hull 1 of the vessel fixed air system, which includes:

In option 1, an air duct 6 comprising a base 7, on which a cover 8 with holes 9 is fixed, and an elastic polymer membrane 10 with micro holes 11. The base 7 and cover 8 can be made of metal or plastic. Air ducts are fixed on both sides of the underwater part of the housing 1. The air system consists of one or more air ducts 6 connected by pipelines 3 to a compressed source

air 4, for example, with a compressor. The membrane 10 contains micro holes 11, made in the range of 0.003 mm plus, minus 50%.

In option 2, a pipe 12 with holes 13 on which an elastic polymer membrane 14 with micro holes 11 is fixed. The system consists of one or more pipes 12 connected by pipelines 3 to a source of compressed air 4, for example, a compressor. Microholes 11 are made in the range of 0.003 mm plus, minus 50%.

The system is mounted in a keel 5 containing jumpers 15 and windows 16. The pipes 12 can be metal or plastic.

In the absence of air pressure in the system, the polymer elastic membrane in both cases is pressed by external water pressure to the cover 8 (option 1) of the duct 6 and to the pipe 12 (option 2) and does not let water into the air system. When compressed air is supplied from the air compressor 4 through pipes 3 to the air system, air enters through openings 9 in cover 8 (option 1) and through openings 13 in pipe 12 (option 2). The membranes 10, 14 are first inflated to compensate for the pressure drop, and then the simultaneous opening of all micro-holes 11 of the membranes along the entire length of the air system and the release of air in the form of small bubbles 17 to the underwater part 2 of the vessel, creating air-bubble lubrication of the underwater part of the ship's hull.

This achieved a technical result that is not in the prototype and consists in reducing the water resistance to the movement of the vessel due to the creation of a bubble lubricant layer around the underwater part of the vessel’s hull

It is from small air bubbles formed by the exit of air through micro-holes in the elastic membrane.

The above information indicates the possibility of using the utility model in the form as it is described in the utility model formula using the known and proposed tools described in the application. Therefore, the claimed device meets the requirement of "industrially applicable under applicable law." According to the proposed utility model, design and technological documentation has been developed. A prototype is manufactured and tested. The tests gave a positive result. Technical and economic efficiency from the use of the proposed utility model consists in the creation of displacement vessels / equipped with an air supply system for the underwater part of the ship’s hull through a polymer membrane with micro-holes, which will allow the ship to save up to 40% of fuel by reducing friction against water, as well as increase his speed.

Information sources:

1. A.S. USSR No. 457629 Bull. from 02.12.72.

2. A.S. USSR No. 1273292 Bull. from 11/30/86.

3. A.S. USSR No. 954302 Bull. No 32 on 08/30/82.

Claims (4)

1. A device for reducing water resistance to the movement of the vessel with the formation of air lubrication of the underwater part of the ship’s hull, containing pipelines and a source of compressed air, characterized in that an air system is mounted to the underwater part of the hull of the ship, including at least one or more air ducts containing a base, on which is fixed to the cover with holes and an elastic membrane with micro-holes for the release of compressed air, while the ducts are connected to the aforementioned source of compressed air. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the micro-holes in the elastic membrane are made in the range of 0.003 mm ± 50%. 3. Device for reducing water resistance to the movement of the vessel with the formation of air lubrication of the underwater part of the ship’s hull, containing pipelines and a source of compressed air, characterized in that an air system is mounted to the underwater part of the ship’s hull, including at least one or several pipes with holes and fixed to an elastic membrane with micro holes for the release of compressed air, while the pipes are connected to the aforementioned source of compressed air. 4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the micro-holes in the elastic membrane are made in the range of 0.003 mm ± 50%.