RU77026U1 - BOILER FURNACE FOR WOOD BURNING - Google Patents

Abstract

The boiler furnace for burning wood waste belongs to the furnace devices designed for burning various types of fuel, mainly for burning wood waste. The problem to be solved when using this technical solution is to increase the intensity of burning wood waste due to faster drying of the fuel, as well as due to the additional intake of air into the primary air chamber located under the feed channel and inclined grates. The combustion rate increases due to an increase in the air supply in the podkolosnikovyh chambers, because on the side walls of the primary air chamber, separating the primary air chamber and the podkolosnikovy chambers, there are perforated holes closed by shutters connected to the levers brought to the front wall of the furnace. Also, the combustion intensity increases due to the presence of secondary blast channels located in the side walls of the combustion chamber.

Description

The technical solution relates to furnace devices designed for burning various types of fuel, mainly for burning wood waste.

Known lay firebox (Rabinovich OM, Boiler units. - M.- L., Mashgiz, 1963, p. 114) with the upper fuel supply to the combustion chambers through the shaft, including the shaft, inclined grate and combustion chamber. The disadvantage of the furnace of this design is the increased vertical dimension of the furnace due to the presence of a top-loading shaft in its composition and low work efficiency. Another disadvantage of such a furnace is poor adaptability to burning highly wet fuels due to the tendency to “freeze” the latter in the mine, which leads to difficulties in loading fuel. In addition, in furnaces with top loading of fuel through the shaft, the shaft cross section occupies part of the ceiling space of the combustion chamber, which limits the possibility of using it as an additional radiating screen, thereby reducing the efficiency of using the radiant energy released during combustion.

The closest is a lay firebox (OM Rabinovich. Boiler units. - M.- L., Mashgiz, 1963, p. 101) with a central lower fuel supply to the combustion chamber by means of a screw feeder and pushing out the supplied fuel on both sides of the screw to grate, on which the combustion process occurs. In such furnaces, it is easier and more accurate to regulate the fuel supply process. The disadvantage of this device is that the fuel flows unevenly on the grate and therefore is dried unevenly and that the drying process requires an increase in the residence time of the fuel on the grate, which increases the size of the combustion device. The screw feeder does not provide uniform fuel supply to the grill. Also, this design does not take into account the fact that fuel of various humidity and various sizes is burned, which affects the intensity of combustion.

The technical result from the use of the proposed solution is to increase the intensity of fuel combustion:

- due to faster and more uniform drying of the fuel, which is uniformly supplied from the feed channel of a special form by a feeder of a special design consisting of a screw and a shaft with agitator blades;

- due to the presence of secondary blast channels located in the side walls of the combustion chamber;

- due to the intake of air through the primary air supply channel into the primary air chamber located under the feed channel and inclined grates;

- due to the implementation of the grate of two grates - grates, tilted down at an angle of 25-55 degrees to the horizon, and horizontally oriented grates;

- due to the increase in air supply to the podkolosnichny chambers from the primary air chamber, because in the side walls of the primary air chamber separating these chambers there are perforated openings closed by shutters connected to levers brought to the front wall of the furnace.

The inventive furnace of a boiler for burning wood waste consists of: a combustion chamber; channels of the secondary blast; gas outlet; boot channel; feeder; grates; two podkolosnikovy chambers; primary air chambers having side walls with perforated openings closed by shutters connected to levers; primary air channel; ashpit.

The combustion chamber is lined with chamotte brick on top and sides, while there is a gas outlet in it, which is connected to smoke pipes. The secondary blast channels are located in the side walls of the combustion chamber. The base of the combustion chamber is the grate, between which there is a loading channel. Each of these gratings consists of two grates: a grate, tilted downward at an angle of 25-55 degrees to the horizontal, and a grate, oriented horizontally. The grate, tilted down, one side adjacent to the horizontally oriented grate, the other - to the loading channel. The horizontally oriented grid-irons are fixed with one edge in the side walls, and their other edge lies on top of the side walls of the primary air chamber.

The loading channel is made in the form of a box. Its rear end wall is inclined at an angle of 35-55 degrees to the horizon. The boiler furnace for burning wood waste through the feed channel is connected to the fuel hopper, which is located outside the boiler.

The feeder installed in the feed channel begins with a screw, and ends with a shaft, which is a continuation of the screw. Agitator blades are mounted on this auger. The feeder has a connection to the motor, which is not marked on the images.

The space under the grates and the feed channel is divided into three chambers: two under-grate chambers under the horizontally oriented grates, and

by the channel In the rear wall of the primary air chamber there is a primary air supply channel.

On the side walls of the primary air chamber, there are perforated openings closed by dampers connected to levers brought to the front wall of the furnace. Levers are controlled by the operator.

The ash pans are located opposite the podkolosnik chambers.

Figure 1 presents the image of the boiler for burning wood waste - front view. Figure 2 presents the image of the boiler for burning wood waste - side view. Figure 3 presents the image of the side wall of the primary air supply chamber. Where: 1 - combustion chamber, 2 - gas outlet, 3 - smoke tubes, 4 - loading channel, 5 - rear end wall of the loading channel, 6 - feeder, 7 - screw, 8 - agitator blades, 9 - fuel hopper, 10 - inclined grates, 11 - horizontally oriented grates, 12 - primary air chamber, 13 - side walls of the primary air chamber, 14 - primary air channel, 15 - shutter; 16 - lever, 17 - afterburning zone, 18 - secondary blast channel, 19 - side wall of the combustion chamber, 20 - chimney, 21 - ash pan, 22 - podkolosnik camera.

The inventive furnace of a boiler for burning wood waste works as follows. The fuel from the fuel hopper 9 is fed by the feeder 6 to the loading channel 4. The agitators 8, mounted at the end of the feeder 6, pour it onto the inclined grates 10. The fuel is dried on these grates, and then under its own weight, slides onto the horizontally oriented grates 11, where does it burn. From the primary air chamber 12, through the side walls of the primary air chamber 13, air is supplied through the shutter 15 to the head-mounted chamber 22. By changing the position of the lever 16 on the shutter 15, the operator changes the air supply to the head-mounted chamber 22, thereby achieving a more complete combustion of fuel on horizontally oriented grates 11 The resulting volatile residues of incomplete combustion burn out in the afterburning zone 17. The combustion intensity in this zone increases due to the fact that secondary channels are mounted in the side walls of the combustion chamber 19 Utya 18, through which air is supplied. Flue gases from the furnace of the boiler for burning wood waste fall into the smokestacks, giving their heat to the water, then enter the chimney 20, and then into the chimney. The ash accumulated during the combustion process is periodically cleaned through ash pans 21.

The inventive furnace of the boiler for burning wood waste is part of a boiler with a capacity of 1 Mg / W, having a size of 2.5x2x0.4 m, with the burning of 500 kg / h.

Claims (4)

1. The furnace chamber for burning wood waste consists of a combustion chamber, gas outlet, grate, feed channel, feeder, space under the grate and loading channel, ash pan, while the base of the combustion chamber is the grate, between which there is a feed channel in the form box, in which, in turn, the feeder is installed, while the furnace of the boiler for burning wood waste through the feed channel is connected to the fuel hopper, and the gas outlet is connected to the Mohair tubes, characterized in that there are additional secondary blast channels located in the side walls of the combustion chamber, that the duct of the loading channel has a rear end wall installed at an angle of 35-55 ° to the horizon, that the feeder starts with a screw and ends with agitator blades on the shaft, which is a continuation of the auger, that each of the grate grids consists of two grate-bars - the grate, inclined downward at an angle of 25-55 ° to the horizontal, and the grate, oriented horizontally, while the grate and, tilted down, on one side adjoin horizontally oriented grates, the other on the feed channel; horizontally oriented grates with one edge fixed to the side walls, and their other edge lying on top of the side walls of the primary air chamber; that the space under the grates and the feed channel is divided into three chambers: two under-grate chambers under the horizontally oriented grates, and a primary air chamber between them. 2. The combustion chamber of a wood waste combustion boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the combustion chamber is lined with chamotte brick on top and sides. 3. The boiler furnace for burning wood waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the side walls of the primary air chamber are perforated and provided with controlled dampers for supplying air, while the dampers are connected to levers brought to the front wall of the furnace. 4. The firebox of the boiler for burning wood waste according to claim 1, characterized in that in the rear wall of the primary air chamber there is a primary air supply channel.