WO2015023169A1 - Domestic boiler operating on solid fuel of variable moisture content - Google Patents
Domestic boiler operating on solid fuel of variable moisture content Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2015023169A1 WO2015023169A1 PCT/LT2013/000014 LT2013000014W WO2015023169A1 WO 2015023169 A1 WO2015023169 A1 WO 2015023169A1 LT 2013000014 W LT2013000014 W LT 2013000014W WO 2015023169 A1 WO2015023169 A1 WO 2015023169A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- combustion chamber
- boiler
- burner
- furnace
- fuel
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B60/00—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving
- F23B60/02—Combustion apparatus in which the fuel burns essentially without moving with combustion air supplied through a grate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
- F23B90/00—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus
- F23B90/04—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion
- F23B90/06—Combustion methods not related to a particular type of apparatus including secondary combustion the primary combustion being a gasification or pyrolysis in a reductive atmosphere
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/0063—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters using solid fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
- F24H1/24—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers
- F24H1/26—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water mantle surrounding the combustion chamber or chambers the water mantle forming an integral body
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H2230/00—Solid fuel fired boiler
Definitions
- a heat exchanger is equipped, the pipes of which are connected to the water tank of the combustion chamber and the main water tank, in which the condensate dehumidifier-cooler is placed; the chimney is heated and transfers heat to the heat exchanger, from which water is supplied through the pipe to the water tank of the combustion chamber, and through the pipe to the water tank of the condensate dehumidifier-cooler, in which water is mixed with condensate to return to the heat exchanger.
- Braukyla Virgilijus which describes a solid fuel boiler, which consists of a metal body, a furnace, a cover, a gas collection chamber, a combustion chamber, and a heat exchanger.
- the furnace is directly connected to the gas collection chamber.
- a burner and a heat dissipator with openings are vertically installed in the combustion chamber to maintain a constant temperature in the combustion chamber and to efficiently distribute heat near the heat exchanger collectors.
- a feature of this design is the vertical installation of a gas burner, as well as an additional air supply to the burner to increase the efficiency of combustion of gases generated during the pyrolysis and placement of a diffuser above the burner for a more uniform distribution of heat.
- the disadvantage of this design is that the pyrolysis process is uncontrollable, which reduces its thermal efficiency.
- the disadvantage of this design is that the thermal energy that is released in the process of producing gas-generating gas is not used.
- the analogue is also known, patent LT5933 (B), application number LT20110000068, Device for processing waste rubber and plastic tires, authors and applicants Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. Describes a plant for the processing of waste tires, rubber and plastic.
- the installation consists of a solid fuel boiler, a gas collection chamber, a burner, which is mounted between the gas collection chamber and the gas combustion chamber, a chimney, a boiler with a cover installed in the gas combustion chamber for heating waste, a condensate-cooler collector, one end of which is connected to a gas outlet pipe connected through a sleeve to the boiler cover, and the other end connected to a gas supply channel to the burner.
- openings on the body of the metal burner there are openings on the body of the metal burner: some in the outer wall of the housing for supplying a secondary volume of air from the space between the walls of the burner, other openings for the exit of the secondary amount of heated air into the burner channel.
- a metal ring is inserted into the burner channel, reducing the opening for the exit of combustible gases into the channel.
- an air supply tube is installed to supply an additional volume of air to the burner. The combustible mixture formed during pyrolysis is burned in the burner channel.
- the disadvantages of the prototype include a slow exit to stationary mode and inefficient regulation of the boiler in relation to various types and various degrees of moisture in the fuel.
- the aim of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages of the prototype, as well as increasing the energy efficiency of the boiler, reducing emissions of harmful gases and expanding functionality through the use of a wide range of fuels of varying degrees of humidity.
- the goal is achieved by the implementation of the new boiler design.
- the essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a domestic boiler of a new design that runs on solid fuel with varying degrees of humidity, consisting of a metal housing, a furnace, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a burner with openings for supplying heated and cold air installed at the transition from the furnace to the combustion chamber, the ash pan and the chimney, it is new that the burner, length from the wall of the combustion chamber to its center, is installed horizontally in the lower part of the combustion chamber above the grate, and the ash pan is equipped with a damper installed perpendicular to its lower surface to limit air from entering the combustion chamber from below, through the grate.
- the shutter is installed with the possibility of moving along the ash pan length to regulate the pyrolysis region above the grate, depending on the type of fuel, its dispersion and humidity.
- FIG. 1 shows the general scheme of the boiler.
- the boiler consists of a metal housing 1, a furnace 2 with doors 6 and a cover 3, a draft channel 4, a grate 5, a combustion chamber 8, a gas burner 9 with special openings 7, a heat exchanger 10, a chimney 11, an ash pan 12 with a shutter 13.
- the boiler operates as follows. There are two modes: the usual mode of combustion, designed to achieve the pyrolysis temperature and prepare for the main mode; and the main one is the pyrolysis mode.
- the launch of the boiler is as follows.
- the lid 3 opens, solid fuel (wood, coal, sawdust, briquettes, peat, etc.) is immersed (with a screw or manually) in the furnace 2 and the lid 3 closes. Then completely opens the cover 6 and the draft channel 4 of the chimney 11.
- a gas burner 9 which provides the supply of natural gas in this mode, the fuel is ignited.
- the damper 13 is in the extreme position farthest from the cover 6 (in the drawing, the position is extreme on the right), allowing air to enter the furnace from below through the grill 5 over the entire cross section of the furnace. In the lower part of the furnace, the classical combustion process begins and the temperature rises to 700-800 ° C.
- cover 6 When this temperature is reached, cover 6 partially closes, leaving a gap of about 1 cm, reducing air ingress into the furnace.
- the damper 13 moves to the position (to the left in the drawing), in which the optimal pyrolysis process for a given type of fuel is provided, taking into account its moisture content.
- the boiler goes into the main mode - pyrolysis mode.
- the pyrolysis process is mainly localized in the lower right corner of the furnace (indicated as zone 14 in the drawing).
- Combustible gas obtained during pyrolysis under the action of the draft passes through the gas burner 9 in the direction of the combustion chamber 8, mixes with air through special openings 7 in the burner channel and burns efficiently in the combustion chamber 8. Further, the combustion products enter the exhaust through the chimney 11.
- the fuel is used up, the temperature decreases, it works temperature sensor, and a signal is sent to the next stage of work: either the next cycle, i.e., fuel loading, etc .; either to turn off the boiler.
- the comparison table shows that the proposed boiler emissions are clearly less, which indicates its greater efficiency compared to the prototype.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of heating technology. The aim of the invention is to improve the operating efficiency of a boiler, and specifically the heating and power-generating characteristics thereof, and also to reduce emissions of harmful gases into the atmosphere during the operating process of the boiler. The patent describes a domestic boiler of novel design, which operates on solid fuel of variable moisture content and consists of a metallic housing, a furnace, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a burner with openings for feeding in heated and cold air, the burner being mounted at the transition from the furnace to the combustion chamber, an ash bin and a smoke flue. The novelty consists in that the burner, with a length from the wall of the combustion chamber to the centre thereof, is mounted horizontally in the lower part of the combustion chamber above a furnace grate, and the ash bin is equipped with a baffle plate mounted perpendicularly to the lower surface of the ash bin for restricting the entry of air into the combustion chamber from below via the furnace grate. The baffle plate is mounted movably along the length of the ash bin in order to control the pyrolysis area above the furnace grate depending on the type of fuel, and the particle distribution and moisture content thereof. The features mentioned enable the boiler to switch rapidly to pyrolysis mode, while also improving fuel consumption efficiency and reducing emissions into the atmosphere.
Description
Бытовой котел, работающий на твердом топливе различной степени влажности Solid fuel boiler of varying degrees of humidity
Устройства для эффективного сжигания традиционных видов твердого топлива (каменный уголь, древесина, торф), а также отходов производства (опилки, солома и др.) в виде котлов, реализующих схему частичного или полного пиролиза относятся к области отопительной техники и широко применяются в хозяйственной деятельности. Devices for the efficient combustion of traditional types of solid fuels (coal, wood, peat), as well as production waste (sawdust, straw, etc.) in the form of boilers implementing a partial or full pyrolysis scheme, belong to the field of heating technology and are widely used in business .
Известен аналог, описан в патенте LT5938 (В), номер заявки LT20110000081, Устройство для переработки отходов резины, пластика, фильтров автомобильного масла и древесины и нагревающее устройство и способ его работы, авторы и заявители Puzauskas Edvinas; Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. Описывается устройство для сжигания отходов, которое, по мнению авторов, имеет достаточно высокую эффективность в процессе пиролиза различного вида отходов. В частности, вблизи дымохода данной установки оборудован теплообменник, трубы которого и соединены с водным баком камеры сгорания и основным водным баком, в который размещен осушитель-охладитель конденсата; дымоход нагревается и передает тепло теплообменнику, из которого вода через трубу подается в водный бак камеры сгорания, а через трубу в водный бак осушителя-охладителя конденсата, в котором вода смешивается с конденсатом для возвращения в теплообменник. A known analogue is described in patent LT5938 (B), application number LT20110000081, A device for processing waste rubber, plastic, automobile oil and wood filters and a heating device and method of its operation, authors and applicants Puzauskas Edvinas; Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. A device for burning waste, which, according to the authors, has a fairly high efficiency in the process of pyrolysis of various types of waste, is described. In particular, near the chimney of this installation, a heat exchanger is equipped, the pipes of which are connected to the water tank of the combustion chamber and the main water tank, in which the condensate dehumidifier-cooler is placed; the chimney is heated and transfers heat to the heat exchanger, from which water is supplied through the pipe to the water tank of the combustion chamber, and through the pipe to the water tank of the condensate dehumidifier-cooler, in which water is mixed with condensate to return to the heat exchanger.
Хотя отличительной особенностью данного устройства является оригинальная схема распределения воды в системе теплообмена, но очевидным недостатком данной конструкции является большая тепловая инерция и длительное время выхода на стационарный режим. Although the distinguishing feature of this device is the original water distribution scheme in the heat exchange system, the obvious drawback of this design is the large thermal inertia and a long time for reaching the stationary mode.
Также известен патент LT5864 (В), номер заявки LT20110000042, Газогенераторный котел на твердом топливе, авторы и заявители Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus, в котором описывается котел, работающий на твердом топливе, который состоит из металлического корпуса, топки, крышки, камеры сбора газа, камеры сгорания, теплообменника. Топка прямо соединена с камерой сбора газа. В камере сгорания вертикально установлена горелка и рассеиватель тепла с отверстиями для поддержания постоянной температуры в камере сгорания и эффективного распределения тепла вблизи коллекторов теплообменника.
Особенностью данной конструкции является вертикальная установка газовой горелки, а также дополнительная подача воздуха в горелку для повышения эффективности сгорания газов, образующихся в процессе пиролиза и размещение над горелкой диффузора для более равномерного распределения тепла. Однако, недостатком данной конструкции является то, что процесс пиролиза неуправляем, что снижает его термическую эффективность. Also known patent LT5864 (B), application number LT20110000042, Solid fuel gas boiler, authors and applicants Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus, which describes a solid fuel boiler, which consists of a metal body, a furnace, a cover, a gas collection chamber, a combustion chamber, and a heat exchanger. The furnace is directly connected to the gas collection chamber. A burner and a heat dissipator with openings are vertically installed in the combustion chamber to maintain a constant temperature in the combustion chamber and to efficiently distribute heat near the heat exchanger collectors. A feature of this design is the vertical installation of a gas burner, as well as an additional air supply to the burner to increase the efficiency of combustion of gases generated during the pyrolysis and placement of a diffuser above the burner for a more uniform distribution of heat. However, the disadvantage of this design is that the pyrolysis process is uncontrollable, which reduces its thermal efficiency.
Известен другой аналог, описанный в патенте LT5919 (В), номер заявки LT20110000043, Газогенераторная топка, авторы и заявители Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. Это установка для производства газогенераторного газа путем пиролиза. Корпус установки выложен из огнеупорного кирпича и снаружи закрыт стальным корпусом. Подача топлива осуществляется при помощи конвейера. Топливо проходит по наклонной плоскости, где частично подсушивается и подвергается пиролизу на решетке с образованием газогенераторного газа. Another analogue is known, described in patent LT5919 (B), application number LT20110000043, Gas-fired furnace, authors and applicants Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. This is a plant for the production of gas-generating gas by pyrolysis. The installation casing is made of refractory bricks and is closed externally by a steel casing. Fuel is supplied by conveyor. Fuel passes along an inclined plane, where it is partially dried and subjected to pyrolysis on a grate to form gas-generating gas.
Недостатком данной конструкции является то, что тепловая энергия, которая выделяется в процессе получения газогененраторного газа, не используется. The disadvantage of this design is that the thermal energy that is released in the process of producing gas-generating gas is not used.
Известен также аналог, патент LT5933 (В), номер заявки LT20110000068, Устройство для переработки отходов шин резины и пластика, авторы и заявители Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. Описывается установка для переработки отходов шин, резины и пластика. Установка состоит из котла для твердого топлива, камеры сбора газа, горелки, которая смонтирована между камерой сбора газа и камерой сжигания газа, дымохода, котла с крышкой, установленной в камере сжигания газа для подогрева отходов, коллектора конденсата - охладителя, один конец которого соединен с трубой выхода газа, соединеного через рукав с крышкой котла, а другой конец соединен с каналом подачи газа в горелку. The analogue is also known, patent LT5933 (B), application number LT20110000068, Device for processing waste rubber and plastic tires, authors and applicants Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. Describes a plant for the processing of waste tires, rubber and plastic. The installation consists of a solid fuel boiler, a gas collection chamber, a burner, which is mounted between the gas collection chamber and the gas combustion chamber, a chimney, a boiler with a cover installed in the gas combustion chamber for heating waste, a condensate-cooler collector, one end of which is connected to a gas outlet pipe connected through a sleeve to the boiler cover, and the other end connected to a gas supply channel to the burner.
Недостатком данной конструкции котла является отсутствие регулировки его параметров применительно к режимам сжигания различных видов отходов. The disadvantage of this boiler design is the lack of adjustment of its parameters in relation to the combustion modes of various types of waste.
Наряду с некоторыми преимуществами все вышеперечисленные изобретения обладают и рядом недостатков при использовонии влажного топлива, а именно: Along with some advantages, all of the above inventions have a number of disadvantages when using wet fuel, namely:
1) медленный выход на основной режим; 1) slow exit to the main mode;
2) плохая работа или остановка при влажности топлива больше, чем 25%;
3) достаточно большая концентрация СО в выбросах продуктов сгорания. 2) poor performance or shutdown when the humidity of the fuel is greater than 25%; 3) a sufficiently large concentration of CO in the emissions of combustion products.
В какой-то мере эти недостатки устраняются в котле- прототипе, описаном в WO2011136629 (LT5731B). Котел на твердом топливе с газовой горелкой и способ сжигания газа, авторы и заявители Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. В патенте описано изобретение, цель которого - повысить интенсивность образования горючей смеси, эффективность ее сжигания и, тем самым, эффективность работы котла. Топка котла, в которую подается первичный объем воздуха через заслонку, установленную в дверцах топки, непосредственно соединена с металлической горелкой, состоящей из двухстенного корпуса с внутренним каналом и смонтированной в камере горения. На корпусе металлической горелки имеются отверстия: одни во внешней стенке корпуса для подачи вторичного объема воздуха из пространства между стенок горелки, другие отверстия - для выхода вторичного количества нагревшегося воздуха в канал горелки. В канал горелки вставлено металлическое колечко, уменьшающее отверстие для выхода горючих газов в канал. Для подачи дополнительного объема воздуха в горелку установлена трубочка подачи воздуха. Образовавшаяся в процессе пиролиза горючая смесь сжигается в канале горелки. To some extent, these disadvantages are eliminated in the prototype boiler described in WO2011136629 (LT5731B). Solid fuel boiler with a gas burner and method for burning gas, authors and applicants Braukyla Kestutis; Braukyla Virgilijus. The patent describes an invention, the purpose of which is to increase the intensity of formation of a combustible mixture, the efficiency of its combustion and, thereby, the efficiency of the boiler. The boiler furnace, into which the primary volume of air is supplied through a shutter installed in the furnace doors, is directly connected to a metal burner consisting of a double-walled casing with an internal channel and mounted in the combustion chamber. There are openings on the body of the metal burner: some in the outer wall of the housing for supplying a secondary volume of air from the space between the walls of the burner, other openings for the exit of the secondary amount of heated air into the burner channel. A metal ring is inserted into the burner channel, reducing the opening for the exit of combustible gases into the channel. To supply an additional volume of air to the burner, an air supply tube is installed. The combustible mixture formed during pyrolysis is burned in the burner channel.
К числу недостатков прототипа следует отнести медленный выход в стационарный режим и неэффективную регуллировку работы котла применительно к различным видам и различной степени влажности топлива. The disadvantages of the prototype include a slow exit to stationary mode and inefficient regulation of the boiler in relation to various types and various degrees of moisture in the fuel.
Целью изобретения является устранение перечисленных недостатков протитипа, а также повышение энергетической эффективности котла, снижение выбросов вредных газов и расширение функциональных возможностей за счет использования широкого спектра топлива различной степени влажности. The aim of the invention is to eliminate the above disadvantages of the prototype, as well as increasing the energy efficiency of the boiler, reducing emissions of harmful gases and expanding functionality through the use of a wide range of fuels of varying degrees of humidity.
Поставленная цель достигается реализацией новой конструкции котла. Сущность изобретения заключается в том, что в бытовом котле новой конструкции, работающем на твердом топливе с различной степенью влажности, состоящем из металлического корпуса, топки, камеры сгорания, теплообменника, горелки с отверстиями для подачи подогретого и холодного воздуха, установленной на переходе из топки в камеру сгорания, зольника и дымовой трубы, новым является то, что горелка, длиной от стенки камеры сгорания до ее центра, установлена горизонтально в
нижней части камеры сгорания над колосниковой решеткой, а зольник оснащен заслонкой, установленной перпендикулярно его нижней поверхности для ограничения попадания воздуха в камеру сгорания снизу, через колосниковую решетку. The goal is achieved by the implementation of the new boiler design. The essence of the invention lies in the fact that in a domestic boiler of a new design that runs on solid fuel with varying degrees of humidity, consisting of a metal housing, a furnace, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a burner with openings for supplying heated and cold air installed at the transition from the furnace to the combustion chamber, the ash pan and the chimney, it is new that the burner, length from the wall of the combustion chamber to its center, is installed horizontally in the lower part of the combustion chamber above the grate, and the ash pan is equipped with a damper installed perpendicular to its lower surface to limit air from entering the combustion chamber from below, through the grate.
Новым является также то, что заслонка установлена с возможностью перемещения по длине зольника для регулирования области пиролиза над колосниковой решеткой в зависимости от типа топлива, его дисперсности и влажности. Also new is the fact that the shutter is installed with the possibility of moving along the ash pan length to regulate the pyrolysis region above the grate, depending on the type of fuel, its dispersion and humidity.
Изобретение поясняется чертежом, где фиг. 1 представлена общая схема котла. The invention is illustrated in the drawing, where FIG. 1 shows the general scheme of the boiler.
Котел состоит из металлического корпуса 1, топки 2 с дверцами 6 и крышкой 3, канала тяги 4, колосниковой решетки 5, камеры сгорания 8, газовой горелки 9 со специальными отверстиями 7, теплообменника 10, дымохода 11, зольника 12 с заслонкой 13. The boiler consists of a metal housing 1, a furnace 2 with doors 6 and a cover 3, a draft channel 4, a grate 5, a combustion chamber 8, a gas burner 9 with special openings 7, a heat exchanger 10, a chimney 11, an ash pan 12 with a shutter 13.
Котел работает следующим образом. Имеют место два режима: обычный режим горения, предназначенный для достижения температуры пиролиза и подготовки к основному режиму; и основной - режим пиролиза. The boiler operates as follows. There are two modes: the usual mode of combustion, designed to achieve the pyrolysis temperature and prepare for the main mode; and the main one is the pyrolysis mode.
Запуск котла осуществляется следующим образом. Открывается крышка 3, в топку 2 погружается (шнеком или вручную) твердое топливо (дрова, каменный уголь, опилки, брикеты, торф и т.п.) и крышка 3 закрывается. Затем полностью открывается крышка 6 и канал тяги 4 дымохода 11. При помощи газовой горелки 9, которая обеспечивает подачу природного газа в данном режиме, топливо зажигается. Заслонка 13 находится в крайнем положении, наиболее удаленном от крышки 6 (в чертеже положение крайнее справа), обеспечивающем попадание воздуха в топку снизу через решетку 5 по всему сечению топки. В нижней части топки начинается классический процесс горения и температура поднимается до 700-800 °С. При достижении данной температуры частично закрывается крышка 6, оставляя зазор около 1 см, уменьшая попадание воздуха в топку. Заслонка 13 перемещается в положение (на чертеже влево), в котором обеспечивается оптимальный процесс пиролиза для данного вида топлива, с учетом его влажности. Котел переходит в основной режим - режим пиролиза. Процесс пиролиза, в основном локализуется в нижнем правом углу топки (на чертеже обозначен как зона 14). Горючий газ, получен в процессе пиролиза, под
действием тяги проходят через газовую горелку 9 в направлении камеры сгорания 8, смешивается с воздухом при помощи специальных отверстий 7 в канале горелки и эффективно сгорает в камере сгорания 8. Дальше продукты сгорания поступают на выброс через дымоход 11. Когда топливо израсходуется, температура снижается, срабатывает температурный датчик, и подается сигнал на следующий этап работы: либо следующий цикл, т.е., загрузка топлива и т.д.; либо на выключение котла. The launch of the boiler is as follows. The lid 3 opens, solid fuel (wood, coal, sawdust, briquettes, peat, etc.) is immersed (with a screw or manually) in the furnace 2 and the lid 3 closes. Then completely opens the cover 6 and the draft channel 4 of the chimney 11. Using a gas burner 9, which provides the supply of natural gas in this mode, the fuel is ignited. The damper 13 is in the extreme position farthest from the cover 6 (in the drawing, the position is extreme on the right), allowing air to enter the furnace from below through the grill 5 over the entire cross section of the furnace. In the lower part of the furnace, the classical combustion process begins and the temperature rises to 700-800 ° C. When this temperature is reached, cover 6 partially closes, leaving a gap of about 1 cm, reducing air ingress into the furnace. The damper 13 moves to the position (to the left in the drawing), in which the optimal pyrolysis process for a given type of fuel is provided, taking into account its moisture content. The boiler goes into the main mode - pyrolysis mode. The pyrolysis process is mainly localized in the lower right corner of the furnace (indicated as zone 14 in the drawing). Combustible gas obtained during pyrolysis under the action of the draft passes through the gas burner 9 in the direction of the combustion chamber 8, mixes with air through special openings 7 in the burner channel and burns efficiently in the combustion chamber 8. Further, the combustion products enter the exhaust through the chimney 11. When the fuel is used up, the temperature decreases, it works temperature sensor, and a signal is sent to the next stage of work: either the next cycle, i.e., fuel loading, etc .; either to turn off the boiler.
Для того, чтобы оценить эффективность изделия по сравнению с прототипом, были предприняты измерения выбросов с интервалом в 15 минут на выходе из камеры сгорания 8: In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the product compared to the prototype, emission measurements were taken with an interval of 15 minutes at the exit of the combustion chamber 8:
Из сравнительной таблицы видно, что у предлагаемого котла выбросов явно меньше, что указывает на его большую эффективность по сравнению с прототипом.
The comparison table shows that the proposed boiler emissions are clearly less, which indicates its greater efficiency compared to the prototype.
Claims
1. Бытовой котел работающий на твердом топливе различной степени влажности, состоящий из топки, камеры сгорания, теплообменника, горелки с отверстиями для подачи подогретого и холодного воздуха, установленной на переходе из топки в камеру сгорания, зольника и дымовой трубы, отличающийся тем, 1. A household boiler operating on solid fuel of varying degrees of humidity, consisting of a furnace, a combustion chamber, a heat exchanger, a burner with holes for supplying heated and cold air, installed at the transition from the furnace to the combustion chamber, an ash pan and a chimney, characterized in
что горелка, длиной от стенки камеры сгорания до ее центра, установлена горизонтально в нижней части камеры сгорания над колосниковой решеткой, а зольник оснащен заслонкой, установленой перпендикулярно его нижней поверхности, для ограничения попадания воздуха к топливу снизу, через колосниковую решетку. that the burner, the length from the wall of the combustion chamber to its center, is installed horizontally in the lower part of the combustion chamber above the grate, and the ash pan is equipped with a flap installed perpendicular to its lower surface, to limit air from entering the fuel from below, through the grate.
2. Бытовой котел по п. 1, отличающийся тем, что заслонка, установлена с возможностью перемещения по длине зольника для регулирования области пиролиза над колосниковой решеткой в зависимости от типа топлива, его дисперсности и влажности.
2. A household boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the damper is installed with the possibility of moving along the ash pan to regulate the pyrolysis region above the grate depending on the type of fuel, its dispersion and humidity.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/LT2013/000014 WO2015023169A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 | 2013-08-14 | Domestic boiler operating on solid fuel of variable moisture content |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/LT2013/000014 WO2015023169A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 | 2013-08-14 | Domestic boiler operating on solid fuel of variable moisture content |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2015023169A1 true WO2015023169A1 (en) | 2015-02-19 |
Family
ID=52468494
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/LT2013/000014 WO2015023169A1 (en) | 2013-08-14 | 2013-08-14 | Domestic boiler operating on solid fuel of variable moisture content |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
WO (1) | WO2015023169A1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU173859U1 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-09-14 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Биоинвест" | FIRM UNIT SOLID FUEL FOR DRYING EQUIPMENT |
RU173858U1 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-09-14 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Биоинвест" | FIRM UNIT SOLID FUEL FOR DRYING EQUIPMENT |
CN111306531A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-06-19 | 昆山熙勤自动化设备有限公司 | Domestic solid fuel boiler |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2238961C1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2004-10-27 | Шломин Валентин Валентинович | Apparatus for producing of high-caloricity gases from solid fuel |
RU2263847C2 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2005-11-10 | Болонкин Виталий Николаевич | Heat generator |
WO2011136629A2 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-03 | Kestutis Braukyla | Solid fuel fired boiler with a gas burner for household use and gas combustion method |
-
2013
- 2013-08-14 WO PCT/LT2013/000014 patent/WO2015023169A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU2238961C1 (en) * | 2003-07-09 | 2004-10-27 | Шломин Валентин Валентинович | Apparatus for producing of high-caloricity gases from solid fuel |
RU2263847C2 (en) * | 2003-12-29 | 2005-11-10 | Болонкин Виталий Николаевич | Heat generator |
WO2011136629A2 (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2011-11-03 | Kestutis Braukyla | Solid fuel fired boiler with a gas burner for household use and gas combustion method |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
RU173859U1 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-09-14 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Биоинвест" | FIRM UNIT SOLID FUEL FOR DRYING EQUIPMENT |
RU173858U1 (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2017-09-14 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Биоинвест" | FIRM UNIT SOLID FUEL FOR DRYING EQUIPMENT |
CN111306531A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-06-19 | 昆山熙勤自动化设备有限公司 | Domestic solid fuel boiler |
CN111306531B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2022-04-15 | 何雪 | Domestic solid fuel boiler |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
RU153204U1 (en) | HEATING BOILER | |
CN101196296A (en) | Method and apparatus for biomass ebullition, gasification and combustion | |
AU2012251179B2 (en) | A combustion system | |
CN201145305Y (en) | Biomass boiling gasification combustion apparatus | |
RU132530U1 (en) | LONG BURNING SOLID FUEL BOILER | |
RU2346023C1 (en) | Wood pyrolyser | |
CN103499108A (en) | Biomass energy-saving furnace | |
RU185863U1 (en) | HEATING DEVICE | |
CN105588115B (en) | The low low dirt Large Copacity grate firing boiler of nitrogen low-sulfur and combustion method | |
WO2015023169A1 (en) | Domestic boiler operating on solid fuel of variable moisture content | |
CN101408317A (en) | Gas making compound combustion vertical type furnace | |
RU182455U1 (en) | LONG-BURNING WATER-SOLID FUEL BOILER | |
CN103939947A (en) | Biomass furnace | |
CN203273948U (en) | Biomass energy-saving furnace | |
RU2147601C1 (en) | Solid-fuel gas generator | |
RU89670U1 (en) | DEVICE FOR DISPOSAL OF WET WASTE CONTAINING ORGANIC MATERIALS | |
CN201513880U (en) | Integral gasifying combination burning boiler | |
RU85609U1 (en) | HEATING DEVICE (OPTIONS) | |
RU2551183C2 (en) | Heating device | |
CN201212729Y (en) | Biomass granular fuel boiler | |
RU183190U1 (en) | LONG-BURNING WATER-SOLID FUEL BOILER | |
RU2319894C1 (en) | Method and device for burning high-damp loose wood waste | |
CN201310924Y (en) | Gas-making compound combustion vertical-type furnace | |
CN201225756Y (en) | Spherical briquette boiler | |
CN205119132U (en) | Biomass furnace |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 2014092 Country of ref document: LT |
|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 13891479 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 13891479 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |