RU74413U1 - UNIVERSAL RESCUE LADDER - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the construction of ladders designed to provide combat operations in extinguishing fires, and emergency rescue operations. It can be used to lift firefighters and rescuers along the outer walls of buildings and structures, and can also be used as a stepladder. The universal saving ladder contains the upper and lower sections pivotally connected to each other, with the possibility of their fixation relative to each other, each of which is made with bowstrings and crossbars (steps) between them, as well as a hook pivotally connected to the upper section in its upper part, with the possibility of fixation to hold the hook in a deviated position from the upper section. The hook is double and contains two brackets with hook teeth, connected by jumpers, and hook teeth located at the ends of the brackets are made with hook-shaped grippers oriented by the mouth in the opposite direction of the teeth, so that they can hook the crossbar (step) of the lower section of the stairs to the bottom parts of it when using a ladder as a stepladder. EFFECT: increased reliability of the staircase design, its stability, mobility during operation by expanding the functionality of the stairs.

Description

The utility model relates to the construction of ladders designed to provide combat operations in extinguishing fires, and emergency rescue operations. It can be used to lift firefighters and rescuers along the outer walls of buildings and structures, and can also be used as a stepladder.

Known folding stairs containing articulated sections (see, for example, US 5156234, 1992; US 4376470, 1983). The indicated ladders are not reliable and durable enough. Do not have grippers.

A universal staircase is also known that can be used for rescue operations and which is the closest analogue of the proposed utility model (see SU 499, 07/31/1925). The well-known ladder contains articulated sections, each of which is made with bowstrings and crossbars (steps), as well as a hook. However, it is also not mobile enough and reliable with the proposed hook design.

The technical problem, the solution of which the claimed utility model is aimed at, is to create a simple in design, durable universal combat ladder.

The technical result that can be obtained from the use of the utility model is to increase the reliability of the structure, its stability, mobility during operation by expanding the functionality of the stairs.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that:

The universal saving ladder contains the upper and lower sections pivotally connected to each other, with the possibility of their fixation relative to each other, each of which is made with bowstrings and crossbars (steps) between them, as well as a hook pivotally connected to the upper section in its upper part, with the possibility of fixation to hold the hook in a deviated position from the upper section. The hook is double and contains two brackets with hook teeth, connected by jumpers, and hook teeth located at the ends of the brackets are made with hook-shaped grippers oriented by the mouth in the opposite direction of the teeth, so that they can hook the crossbar (step) of the lower section of the stairs to the bottom parts of it when using a ladder as a stepladder.

Besides:

- each of the mentioned brackets contains several hook teeth;

- said hook teeth can be located at equal distances from each other;

- said hook teeth can be located at different distances from each other;

- the hook is made with the possibility of its fixation in a normal (normal) or close to normal position relative to the upper section;

- said hook in plan is made in the shape of a trapezoid, oriented by a large base to the place of its attachment to the upper section of the stairs;

- each said bowstring in cross section is a rectangle or square in shape;

- each of the said crossbars (steps) in cross section is a rectangle or square or circle or circle or ring or polygon in shape.

The essence of the claimed utility model is illustrated by the presented graphic materials, which depict the following.

Figure 1 - General view of the stairs in combat (working) position.

Figure 2 - ladder in the position of the stepladder.

Figure 3 - staircase in the folded (transport) position.

Figure 4 - hook in the plan.

5 is a hook, view a in figure 4.

Fig.6 is a hinge, a view In Fig.7.

Fig.7 is a hinge in section.

Fig. 8 is a hinge, view C in Fig. 7.

The best option for implementing a utility model.

The universal saving ladder contains the upper 1 and lower 2 sections articulated between each other, each of which is made with bowstrings 3 and crossbars 4 (steps 4) between the bowstrings,

and also hook 5. Hook 5 is pivotally connected to upper section 1 in its upper part, with the possibility of fixation to hold hook 5 in a position deviated from the upper part of section 1. The hook 5 (see Fig. 4,5) is double and contains two brackets 8 with hook teeth 9, interconnected by jumpers 10. The hook teeth located at the ends of the brackets are made with hook-shaped grippers 11, oriented by the throat in the opposite direction of the teeth 9 side . This allows these hook-shaped grips to engage with the crossbar of the lower section 2 of the ladder in its lower part when using the ladder as a stepladder (see figure 2).

Each bracket 8 may contain several hook teeth 9, which can be located at equal or different distances from each other.

The hook 5 is made with the possibility of fixing relative to the upper section 1 of the stairs in a normal (normal) or close to normal position.

The hook configuration provides a secure grip on metal and concrete fences, window sills, wooden and plastic elements of double-glazed windows and window parts.

The design of the hook ensures a stable position of the stairs after capturing the elements of the building - for which a double hook is made. For rigid fixation of the hook, metal jumpers and stiffeners are made (in the drawing, the stiffeners and brackets to which they are welded are indicated in one pos. 8).

The universal rescue ladder can be equipped with all types of fire and rescue vehicles, as well as

complete sets of priority fire fighting and rescue equipment for buildings and structures.

If you need to use the ladder as a stick ladder, you need to fold the hook.

To improve the conditions for transporting the stairs, its canvas folds in two bowstrings and the hook unfolds in a position in which the dimensions of the thickness and total length of the stack of folded parts of the stairs are minimal (the hook is deployed towards the steps of the stairs and parallel to its bowstrings (see Fig. 3).

To fix the hook relative to the ladder, it is necessary to recess two locks to the inner dimensions of the hook, open the hook, and make a fixation.

To open the ladder it is necessary to open it up to 180 ° and fix this position (see figure 1).

The design of the hinge of the stairs can be different.

One of the options for the hinge of the universal rescue ladder is presented in Figs. 6-8 and consists of two circular plates (12,13), centered among themselves relative to the landing diameter of one of the halves. The hinge is fixed relative to the bowstring of the ladder due to internal inserts located in each half of the hinge itself with the help of electric rivets or bolts.

The hinge provides for the possibility of fixing the ladder in the working, transport and stirrup position due to cone-shaped fingers 14, mainly two pieces, located opposite and connected by jumpers 15 with the central running rod 16 to which the handle 17 is attached.

landing holes for clamps, steel bushings 18 are provided, with an internal conical hole pressed into the body of the hinge with interference.

The halves of the hinge are fixed relative to each other by the steps of the ladder itself and the landing sleeve located on one of the halves of the hinge.

The reciprocating movement of the clamps is implemented due to the spring 19 located inside the hinge body. The spring 19 is fixed due to the stop in the hinge on the one hand and the screw 20 mounted in the center of the travel rod 16 on the other hand.

The advantage of the claimed utility model is that the claimed ladder is easy to manufacture, efficient and versatile in its operation.

By purchasing a stepladder in apartment buildings for repair work, having the described hook, as well as the ability to be laid out in one line, people will also have a means of salvation in the event of a fire.

The hook configuration provides a secure grip on metal and concrete fences, window sills, wooden and plastic elements of double-glazed windows and window parts.

The claimed utility model is not limited to those presented on graphic materials, as an example, by its design features and can be performed in various versions containing a combination of features of the formula.

Claims (8)

1. The universal saving ladder, containing the upper and lower sections pivotally connected to each other with the possibility of their fixation relative to each other, each of which is made with bowstrings and crossbars (steps) between them, as well as a hook pivotally connected to the upper section in its upper part with the possibility of fixation to hold the hook in a deviated position from the upper section, characterized in that the hook is double and contains two brackets with hook teeth, interconnected by jumpers, and hook teeth located at the ends of the brackets are made with hook-shaped grips oriented by the pharynx in the opposite direction of the teeth to the side so that they can catch the crossbar (step) of the lower section of the ladder in its lower part when using the ladder as a ladder. 2. The universal saving ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that each of said brackets contains several hook teeth. 3. The universal saving ladder according to claim 2, characterized in that said hook teeth are located at equal distances from each other. 4. The universal saving ladder according to claim 2, characterized in that said hook teeth are located at different distances from each other. 5. The universal rescue ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that the hook is made with the possibility of its fixation in a normal (normal) or close to normal position relative to the upper section. 6. The universal saving ladder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the said hook in plan is made in the shape of a trapezoid, oriented by a large base to its attachment point to the upper section of the ladder. 7. The universal saving ladder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each said bowstring in cross section is a rectangle or square in shape. 8. The universal saving ladder according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that each of the said crossbars (steps) in cross section is a rectangle, or square, or circle, or ring, or polygon in shape.