RU73955U1 - EXPLOSIVE EXPLOSIVE CHARGE INITIATION NETWORK - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to systems for initiating explosive charges using electric and non-electric means of initiation and can be used for mounting explosive networks in blasting operations.

The essence of the utility model: a downhole blast network consisting of intermediate detonators initiated by non-electric detonators with shock wave tubes or detonating cords, the ends of which are brought out of the borehole to the earth's surface and fixed in the connecting block, and a surface blast network consisting of an insulated electric wire and induction electric detonators of instant or short-term action with a transformer protection unit, are mounted separately and independently from each other, and Connections downhole and surface blasting network is performed before the explosion by entering into the connector block and fastening therein of the sleeve induction EB tightly contacting with preset therein the shock-wave tubes and detonating cords.

3 s.p. f-ly, 2 Fig.

Description

The utility model relates to systems for initiating explosive charges using electric and non-electric means of initiation and can be used for mounting explosive networks in blasting operations.

In the explosion of borehole explosive charges (EX), the initiating impulse to the explosive charges, causing them to detonate, is transmitted from an external source through the surface and downhole explosive networks to the militants (intermediate detonators) into which the initiation means, electric and non-electric detonators or detonating cord, are introduced.

The systems for initiating borehole explosive charges are divided into electric and non-electric.

Non-electric waveguide blasting systems, such as Nonel, or its domestic counterparts, SINV and EDELIN, are insensitive to stray and other extraneous currents, which allows blasting to be carried out without de-energizing power equipment, and they are convenient to install an explosive network and increase safety. Non-electric waveguide initiation systems allow the creation of short-delayed blasting charges with practically unlimited possibilities for controlling the destruction of rock masses, and effectively reduce the seismic and air-shock effect of the explosion (1).

A blast network for multi-row blasting of borehole charges is known, in which a surface blast network is made from an SINV-P device of instantaneous action or with a slowdown, and the downhole network is made of a SINV-S device of instant or short-delayed action. The initiation of borehole charges is carried out by militants, consisting of TTF-850E or T-400G type detonator blocks having a landing slot for the SINV-S non-electric detonator capsule and a through channel for accommodating the shock wave tube (2). Depending on the purpose, two varieties of the SINV system are produced. For blasting operations on the day surface, the SINV-P systems (3) are produced - it slows down the transmission of the initiating pulse on the surface and SINV-S (4) - provides downhole retardation.

The detonator capsule used in SINV-P has a reduced power and is able to initiate up to 8 waveguides of this system using group initiating devices having a connecting block. The detonator capsule is hermetically connected to the shock wave tube in the landing socket of the connecting block. When initiating a waveguide cord of a surface explosive network, for example, by an electric detonator, the transmitting pulse reaches the connecting block and causes detonation (instantly or with a slowdown) of the non-electric detonator capsule inside it, which in turn initiates waveguide cords located in the block. When installing waveguide explosive networks, it is necessary to take into account, in addition to the time of deceleration of the detonator capsule, the influence of the length of the surface and downhole lines on the detonation delay of the explosive charge, since the speed of propagation of the shock wave along the waveguide cord creates its own deceleration of the explosive system. To increase reliability during the installation of the blast network and the absence of restrictions on the action of the air shock wave, the surface blast network is made of a looped detonating cord with pyrotechnic relays and wiring of the waveguide cords with short-delayed detonator caps.

The safety of non-electric initiation systems is ensured by a shock wave tube deposited on the inner surface of the explosive material (20 g / m), the pulse from the combustion of which is transmitted only by the explosive detonator capsule, but there is no lateral electric emission leading to the burning of explosive well charges, what happens when using detonating cords.

The disadvantage of this explosive charge initiation system is the inability to control the quality of the installation of the blast network, the possibility of knocking downhole lines due to the low propagation velocity of the shock wave impulse along the waveguides of the surface network, failure of blasting during installation errors of the explosive network, the need for faster initiation of surface network detonator caps in relation to downhole due to a complicated combination of matching the intervals of slowdowns of non-electric detonators. All of the above factors, as well as the insufficient reliability of the TNT-containing detonator checkers (TGF-850E, T-400G), which do not have protection of the outer surface from the aggressive action of the outer

environment, lead in some cases to failure of the explosion of borehole charges of explosives.

In electrical systems, the initiating impulse to explosive charges is transmitted from an external current source through electric explosive networks, the main elements of which are instant or short-delay electric detonators of various designs and insulated electrical wires.

Protection of the blast network from extraneous currents is achieved by using a high-frequency induction electric detonator with a transformer “input”. Initiation in this system is carried out using special devices that supply high-frequency currents (25-55 kHz) to an electric explosion circuit.

An object of the invention was to increase the efficiency of blasting by increasing the controllability of the processes of explosive crushing of rocks during the production of mass explosions, increasing the safety of work, ensuring the reliability and reliability of borehole charges.

The technical problem was solved by developing an explosive network for initiating explosive charges, including a surface explosive network, a connecting block, a downhole explosive network, a blasting device, in which a downhole explosive network consisting of intermediate detonators initiated by non-electric detonators with shock wave tubes or detonating cords, the ends of which are brought out of the well to the earth's surface and fixed in the connecting block, and a surface explosive network, consisting They are mounted separately and independently from each other from an insulated electric wire and induction electric detonators of instant or short-term action with a transformer protection unit, and the connection of the downhole and surface explosive networks is carried out before the explosion by inserting the sleeve of the induction electric detonator tightly in contact into it and connecting it with shock wave tubes or detonating cords previously introduced into it.

In electric explosion systems, the initiating high-frequency pulse to the explosive charges is transmitted through induction electric detonators from an external current source through electric wires.

An induction electric detonator, for example ED-24 or EDZI, is a detonator capsule with a transformer protection unit built into it from the effects of stray currents, direct and alternating current sources, and static electricity charges. The transformer protection unit is made in the form of an open magnet guide or a closed ferrite ring. Induction electric detonators are connected to the surface network using an electric wire passed through a ferrite ring or by winding several turns of wire on a ferrite rod (5).

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in figures 1, 2.

Figure 1 - separately mounted surface and downhole blast networks.

Figure 2 - explosive network initiating explosive charges before the explosion.

Designations:

A - surface explosive network;

B - downhole blast net;

1 - electric wire for blasting;

2 - induction electric detonator;

3 - transformer unit induction electric detonator;

4 - connecting block;

5 - shock wave tube (cord-waveguide);

6 - well;

7 - explosive charge;

8 - intermediate detonators;

9 - stemming from inert material;

10 - explosive device (device for detonating electric detonators).

The principle of mounting an explosive network with electrical initiation of explosive charges. Independently from each other, surface (A) and downhole (B) explosive networks are mounted. The downhole blast network consists of intermediate detonators 8 initiated by non-electric detonators with segments of shock wave tubes 5 fixed in the connecting block 4. The surface blast network consists of an electric wire for blasting 1 and induction electric detonators 2 with a transformer protection unit 3. Induction electric detonator 2 mounted in a surface blasting network by

passing the electric wire 1 through the holes of the ferrite ring 3 or winding several turns of the electric wire on the cylindrical part of the ferrite rod. The connection between the downhole B and the surface A of the blasting networks is carried out before the blast by inserting and securing the sleeve of the induction electric detonator 2 in the landing socket of the connecting block 4, and the blasting is carried out remotely by single or multi-channel explosive high-frequency devices (blasting devices) 10. Depending on the design of the connecting block, the ends shock-wave tubes or detonating cords of the downhole blast network and the sleeve of the induction electric detonator can be located in parallel or perpendicular to each other. Reliable fixation of the sleeve of the detonator in the seat socket of the connecting block is due to the gaskets or other known method.

As connecting blocks, existing connecting blocks for mounting non-electric initiation systems, for example, EDELIN, SINV, can be used.

The advantages of the proposed explosive network initiating explosive charges is:

- elimination of the possibility of “reverse” initiation of the entire explosive network in the event of an unauthorized explosion of one of the borehole charges of explosives due to the use of a surface electric explosion network that does not receive the explosive pulse of the downhole energy transmitter;

- reduction of shock-air impact on the earth's surface due to the use of an electric wire in the surface network rather than a detonating cord;

- reducing the cost of blasting by reducing the installation time of the blasting network when using connecting blocks and the expense of initiation means (detonating cord and shock wave tubes) in the surface network;

- increasing the level of safety for blasting due to the installation of an induction detonator in the mounting element of the connecting block immediately before the signal for the explosion;

- the possibility of instrument control using measuring instruments of the installation quality of a surface electric explosion network and electric detonators.

Example - a surface blast network is made of an electric wire for blasting grade VP 1 × 0.8 and induction electric detonators EDZI instant or short-term action; the downhole blast network is made up of two intermediate detonators PDN and non-electric detonators with a shock-wave tube DBI-1 of the EDELIN system with decelerations of 475 and 500 ms, the ends of which are brought out to the earth's surface and fixed in the connecting block of the EDELIN system. The quality control of electric detonators is checked by the PKBE-1 device. The mounted surface network is tested by devices with the determination of its active electrical resistance and inductance. Before the explosion is made, the sleeves of the detonator sleeves are inserted into the landing slots of the connecting blocks and securely fixed in it. An explosive pulse is supplied to an electric blast network remotely using single or multi-channel explosive high-frequency devices, for example, UVV-1M or KVVM-1.

The proposed explosive network with electrical initiation of explosive charges provides the claimed technical result:

- reduction of shock-air effects of an explosion on the earth's surface due to the absence of a detonating cord in the surface network;

- increasing the reliability and safety of blasting by connecting the downhole and surface blast networks just before the blast and using instrumental quality control of the installation of the surface electric blast network.

The proposed blasting network for initiating borehole explosive charges was tested in quarries during the production of mass explosions with positive results.

Information sources

1 M.M. Graevsky. Handbook of electric explosive explosive charges. M., Rendezvous-AM, 2000.

2 Non-electric initiation system SINV. Description of the system, Nitrovzryv JSC, M., Russia.

3 TU DISHV 773979.008-.

4 TU DISHV 773979.007-.

5 TU 7287-167-07513406-

Claims (4)

1. An explosive network for initiating explosive charges, including a surface explosive network, a connecting unit, an downhole explosive network, an explosive device, characterized in that the downhole explosive network, consisting of intermediate detonators initiated by non-electric detonators with shock wave tubes or detonating cords, the ends of which are brought out of the well to the earth's surface and are fixed in the connecting block, and a surface explosive network consisting of an isolated electrical the wire and induction electric detonators of instant or short-term action with the transformer protection unit are mounted separately and independently from each other, and the connection of the downhole and surface explosive networks is carried out before the explosion by inserting into the connecting block and securing the sleeve of the induction electric detonator in it, which is in close contact with previously inserted shockwave tubes or detonating cords. 2. An explosive network according to claim 1, characterized in that the existing connecting blocks used in the installation of explosive networks for non-electric initiation of explosive charges are used as a connecting block. 3. The blasting network according to claim 1, characterized in that the fixation of the sleeve of the induction electric detonator in the landing socket of the connecting block is carried out by means of gaskets or other known method. 4. The blast network according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the shock wave tubes or detonating cords of the downhole blast network and the sleeve of the induction electric detonator in the connecting block are parallel or perpendicular to each other.