RU71447U1 - OFFLINE UNDERWATER BREAKER - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed utility model of an autonomous underwater disconnect (APR) is designed to free the underwater instrument container from the anchor - ballast. АПР consists of two independent blocks: a block of an autonomous circuit breaker (BAR); unit for monitoring the location of the instrument container on the sea surface (BKM). The self-contained disconnect block is a strong cylindrical container made of aluminum alloy, where the control unit, power supply, urgency device, tightness sensor, pressure sensor, pressure seal for connection to the instrument container are located. The actuator of the circuit breaker, which is installed outside the robust housing, is connected to the ballast anchor via a cable-guide. The guide is made of two pieces of cable, which are connected using a swivel. Outside the rugged case, a broadband hydrophone and a broadband emitter are installed. The instrument container location control unit is also a BAR, a robust cylindrical container made of aluminum alloy, where the control unit and the power source are located. Outside the durable building, a pressure sensor, a flashing light, a radio transmitter antenna, a satellite of the Gonets satellite communication system and Glonass navigation system, which is protected from the external environment by a transparent transparent cap, are installed. All devices made for a durable case are protected from mechanical stress by a metal fence. A pressure seal is provided for communication with the instrument container. BAR is installed under the instrument container, and BKM - above the instrument container. These blocks are mounted on the instrument container, both with bolts and with perforated metal bands, tightened with special locks.

Description

The technical solution relates to the constructive implementation of oceanographic research tools and can be used in sonar telemetry control systems. An autonomous underwater instrument container, held during operation by means of an anchor - ballast at the bottom or in the water column, at the end of work, drops the anchor - ballast and floats due to its positive buoyancy.

Known [Bakharev S.A., Ignatiev V.B. Hydroacoustic device for remote disconnecting it from an underwater product. Patent No. 2215301, RU, C2, 10.27.2003] an anchor-ballast breaker comprising a signal emitting unit in a sealed enclosure, in which an encoded broadband control signal generator, a power amplifier and a hydroacoustic emitter of encoded broadband control signals are electrically connected, and a signal receiving unit in which a hydrophone, an amplifier, a decoder of encoded broadband control signals, an electrical relay, which is the output of the signal receiving unit, are electrically connected in series and connected to a mechanical circuit breaker, electrically connected to a high-capacity and repeatedly rechargeable battery, a control signal emergency supply device, the output of which is connected to the second input of the capacitive storage, parallel to the encoder of the encoded broadband control signals, the electric power supply of the amplifier, decoder of the encoded broadband control signals and emergency signal supply device control is carried out using high-capacity and repeatedly per a rechargeable battery, while the signal receiving unit is placed in an airtight compartment made in a plastic case of a certain shape, which has its own positive buoyancy, the reserve of the halyard is distributed around the plastic

housing, and to turn on the signal receiving unit in standby mode, an external removable key is used, connected to a mechanical disconnect switch.

The disadvantages of this device include: the inability to control the actuator of the circuit breaker from the instrument container (in cases of leakage of the container, reducing the voltage of power supplies to critical, etc.); lack of duplicate ballast discharge systems; lack of a system for determining the location of the instrument container on the sea surface; there is no system for determining the slant range from the supporting vessel to the instrument container. In addition, it is not possible to transfer the information accumulated by the instrument container to the processing center.

The proposed utility model of an autonomous underwater disconnect (APR) is designed to free the underwater instrument container from the anchor - ballast. АПР consists of two independent blocks: a block of an autonomous circuit breaker (BAR); unit for monitoring the location of the instrument container on the sea surface (BKM).

The autonomous circuit breaker unit is (Fig. 1, A is a top view, B is a bottom view) a strong cylindrical container 1 made of aluminum alloy, where the control unit (BU BAR) 2, power supply (IP BAR) 3, device are located urgency (PS) 7, tightness sensor (DG) 8, pressure sensor (DD BAR) 9, pressure seal 10 for connection to the instrument container. The actuator of the disconnector (IMR) 6, which is installed outside the solid housing, is connected to the anchor - ballast 6-10 through a cable-guide 6-8. The guide is made of two pieces of cable, which are connected using a swivel 6-9. Outside of the durable case, a broadband hydrophone 5 and a broadband emitter 4 are also installed.

The location control unit (BKM) of the instrument container is (FIG. 2, A a top view, B a bottom view), as well as a BAR, a strong cylindrical container 11 made of aluminum alloy, where the control unit (BK BKM) 12 is located, power source (IP BKM)

13. Outside of the sturdy building, a pressure sensor (DD BKM) 15, a flashing light beacon 18, a radio transmitter antenna (AR) 14, an antenna of the Gonets satellite communication system and Glonass navigation 16, which is protected from the external environment by a transparent transparent durable cap 17, are installed . All devices, made for a durable case, are protected from mechanical stress by a metal fence 19. A pressure connector 20 is provided for communication with the instrument container 21.

BAR is installed under the instrument container 21, and BKM - above the instrument container 21. These blocks are mounted on the instrument container, both with bolts and with perforated metal bands 22 pulled together with special locks 23, as shown in Fig.3. The shape of the instrument container 21 may be different, as an example, figure 3 shows the method of mounting blocks on the instrument container in the form of an elongated ellipsoid.

The power source 3 (figure 1), 13 (figure 2) is assembled from lithium rechargeable batteries, which currently provide the maximum capacity per unit unit weight and size characteristics of the batteries.

The BAR control unit 2 (Fig. 4) consists of a software device (PU) 2-1, an actuator control unit (UIM) 2-2, a module for a hydroacoustic command system (GAKS) 2-3.

The software device 2-1 is a microcontroller that controls all the BAR devices according to a given program or by a command received via a sonar communication channel.

The module of the hydroacoustic command system (GAX) is designed for:

- receiving sonar teams;

- transmission of service information to the hydro-acoustic communication channel.

GAX allows you to:

- transmit control commands from the supply vessel to the BAR;

- transfer from the BAR to the ship’s receiving and processing complex (SPOK) a “receipt” on the receipt and execution of control commands at the bottom station;

- transmit telemetry information from the BAR to the SPOK about the operation of the AGS system and nodes and the execution of the received commands;

- determine the location of the instrument container 21 at the bottom relative to the vessel (determination of the slant range);

- transmit to the vessel about detected failures in the BAR equipment. Characteristics of the exchange signals between SPOK and BAR:

- the exchange of signals between the vessel and the BAR is carried out in the range of operating frequencies from 10 to 40 kHz;

- working frequency band - 1 kHz;

- signals are transmitted synchronously by the method of relative phase modulation at a speed of 200 Baud;

- the number of control commands transmitted to the BAR - up to 31;

- control commands are issued to the BAR program control unit in the form of 16-bit words;

- the number of receipts transmitted from the BAR to the vessel on receipt and execution of control commands by the bottom station is up to 31. The receipt contains data on the number of the received command and its execution.

The control unit for the actuator of the circuit breaker 2-3 is designed to issue the necessary electrical impulse to IMR 6 by command with PU 2-1.

The stand-alone urgency device 7 is an electronic timer with an autonomous power source, not connected to the BU BAR 2, which directly supplies the actuator of the disconnector 6 with the necessary electrical impulse. At a given point in time, the urgency device 7 issues, regardless of the software device 2-1, the necessary electrical pulse to the actuator of the circuit breaker 6.

The actuator of the circuit breaker (IMR) 6 is an electromechanical device designed to connect the instrument container 21 to the ballast 6-10 when immersed, to be in the underwater position and to separate the ballast when the instrument container 21 is ascended.

IMR (figure 5) consists of a console 6-5, two triggers 6-3 (one of them acts as a backup) and a lever 6-4. IMR is installed outside under the BAR, in the central hole, which includes the console shank 6-5 with a radial ring seal 6-2, and is fastened with a nut 6-1. The lever 6-4, the short arm of which is loaded by the weight of the ballast 6-10 and the force of the stretched rubber cord 6-7, is mounted on the axis 6-6 and is kept from turning relative to the console 6-5 by two triggers 6-3. When the triggers are triggered or one of them, the lever 6-4 is released and under the action of efforts on the short shoulder turns, disconnecting from the ballast.

According to the signal from the pressure sensor (DD BAR) 9, when the sensor 9 exceeds the maximum working depth of the instrument container 21, a command is sent through the control unit 2-1 to the MIW 6 to drop the anchor - ballast 6-10.

The tightness sensor 8 represents two contacts that, when interacting with seawater, close the circuit. The tightness sensor is located at the lower point of the BAR 1, thus ensuring monitoring of the tightness of the BAR (when a leak is detected, the circuit closes, thereby giving a command through the control unit 2-1 to the actuator control unit (UIM) 2-3 of the circuit breaker).

Thus, if the data with DD 9 is exceeded by a limit value, for example, 1000 meters, or when a leak is detected using the tightness sensor 8, or by a command received through the hydroacoustic communication channel using GAKS 2-2 BU 2, or according to the specified PU 2-1 the program issues a command UIM 2-3 to turn on the actuator of the circuit breaker 6 (i.e., the ballast is reset).

The control unit BKM consists of (Fig. 6) a software device 12-1, a subscriber station (AP) of the Gonets satellite communication system and the Glonass satellite navigation system 12-2, a direction finding and location unit (PL) which is a radio direction finder and transceiver active radar transponder 12-3.

In the above-water position, PU 12-1, upon a signal from DD BKM 15, includes a flashing beacon (PM) 18 at night, a subscriber station (AP)

12-2 and the bearing and location unit (PL) 12-3. The PL 12-3 unit through the antenna 14 periodically emits a continuous tone signal at the frequency of a standard ship direction finder, interrupted by a coded message containing the conditional number of the instrument container, at the same time it is ready to reflect the location signal from a standard radar, which makes it possible to clearly mark the station's location on the sea surface. Subscriber station 12-2 using the ARNS 16 antenna allows a supplying vessel searching for a station on the sea surface, based on the GLONASS satellite radio navigation system, to determine the station's location at distances significantly exceeding the direct radio visibility zone. A pressurized connector 20 is provided for connection to the instrument container 21. With this connector, it is possible to transmit information accumulated by the instrument container to the processing center via a radio channel or via the Gonets satellite communication channel.

In the underwater position, the signal from DD 15 PU 12-1 turns off the submarines 12-3 and AL 12-2.

The instrument container with an autonomous underwater disconnect in the underwater position should have positive buoyancy in the range of 50-100 kg, since the IMR is designed for these loads.

Work with an autonomous underwater disconnect is as follows.

On board the supply vessel, the instrument container 21 and the autonomous underwater disconnector are assembled using bolts, or as shown in FIG. 3 using perforated metal tape. If it is necessary to connect the BAR 1 and BKM 11 with the instrument container 21, the connection is made through the pressure connectors 10 and 20. Before setting up the instrument container 21, a training cycle is carried out, which includes turning on and testing various nodes and blocks, entering the program of work of the BAR 1 and BKM 11 to software devices 2-1 and 12-1, setting the response time of the actuator 6 on the urgency device 7. After the preparation cycle, from the supply vessel the next one or two nodes move with the help of an on-board crane they are taken overboard and

carry out the reset of the instrument container 21 with a ballast of 6-10. From this moment, the instrument container begins to sink at a speed in the range of 1.0-2.0 m / s. The instrument container with an autonomous disconnector (Fig. 3) produces a “soft” fit using a guide 6-8 to the bottom. After mooring according to the program with PU 2-1 or by command with GAKS 2-2, the BAR switches to standby mode. When receiving commands from the providing vessel to the GAKS 2-2 unit via the sonar communication channel, the teams execute PU 2-1. After completion of the program of work, PU 2-1 under the program, or at the command of GAKS 2-2, gives the command UIM 2-3 to return the ballast. In case of failure of the command, the command to reset directly to ИМР 6 can be duplicated from the stand-alone urgency device 7. Emergency ascent can be carried out in case the station is flowing by the signal from the tightness sensor 8, in case the depth of immersion exceeds the limit value, for example, 1000 m by the signal from DD 9, by command through the hydro-acoustic communication channel through the GAKS 2-2 unit or by command from the instrument container 21 (in case of leakage in the instrument container, in case of a decrease in voltage in the instrument power supply of the container below a certain critical value, etc.) through the connector 10.

After surfacing, the station turns on the flashing beacon 18 (at night), starts transmitting the radio signal of the bearing through the PL 14 antenna and determines the location using the Glonass satellite navigation system, which is transmitted via the Gonets satellite communication channel. The “Gonets” satellite communication channel can transmit information stored in the instrument container through the gas connector 20. In addition, control commands for the instrument container 21 received via the “Gonets” satellite communication channel from the control center can be transmitted through the gas connector 20. In the case of receiving a signal from a ship’s radar, the PL 14 antenna also starts to work in the active reflector mode. The detected instrument container 21 is selected on board the vessel, after the sampling of the station, a series of post-order

tests, then release the instrument container 21 from an autonomous underwater disconnect as part of BAR 1 and BKM 11.

Thus, an autonomous underwater breaker, including BAR, BKM and instrument container blocks, is a sonar system for oceanological research, which is characterized by the following set of essential features in terms of achieving a technical result consisting in the possibility of controlling the actuator of the disconnector, in the presence of duplicate ballast discharge systems, available systems for determining the location of the instrument container on the sea surface, in the presence of systems determining the slant range from ensuring the vessel to the instrument container, in the possibility of transfer of accumulated data for a satellite communication system.

Claims (5)

1. Hydroacoustic system for oceanological research, comprising an autonomous disconnect unit (BAR) and an instrument container location control unit (BKM) installed on the instrument container and each enclosed in a separate aluminum case; electrically connected software are installed in the instrument container location control unit (BKM) device, sonar command system, control unit; an autonomous circuit breaker (BAR) unit comprises an actuator control unit, a power supply, an actuator of an isolator installed outside the housing, in which two triggers are used. 2. The hydroacoustic system for oceanological research according to claim 1, in which the BAR contains an autonomous urgency device. 3. The hydro-acoustic system for oceanological research according to claim 1, in which the BAR contains leak-tightness and pressure sensors. 4. The hydroacoustic system for oceanological research according to claim 1, wherein the BKM control unit comprises a subscriber station of the “Messenger” satellite communication system and the “GLONASS” satellite navigation system. 5. The hydroacoustic system for oceanological research according to claim 1, in which the BAR and BKM blocks contain pressure connectors for connection to the instrument container.