RU71117U1 - INSTALLATION FOR CONTINUOUS PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FUEL FROM VEGETABLE OILS USING SUPERCRITICAL FLUID TECHNOLOGIES - Google Patents

Abstract

A plant for the continuous production of biodiesel from vegetable oils using supercritical fluid technologies comprises a continuous type 1 reactor made by a single structural unit in the form of a coil, connected in series with heat exchangers and a heater-economizer, and enclosed in a thermally insulating shell. The device is equipped with two high pressure pumps 7 and 8, a retaining vessel 2, reservoirs for storing raw materials 2, glycerin 6, alcohol 3 and purified biodiesel 5, while the retaining vessel and the reservoir for storing raw materials are coaxial and sealed in relation to each other . The alcohol extraction system is equipped with a refrigerator 9 for condensation of alcohol and a vacuum pump 4. A continuous reactor 1, a reservoir for storing raw materials and a retention vessel 2, tanks for storing alcohol 3, biodiesel 5, glycerin 6 are equipped with a monitoring and measurement system (KIP).

Description

The invention relates to the field of fuel energy and for the preparation of biodiesel.

A device for producing biodiesel fuel brand BK-CVS-Biodiesel company Bio King (Netherlands, Gravenpolder) (figure 2), containing a continuous reactor, heater-economizer, heat exchangers, a delay vessel, an alcohol extraction system, remote storage tanks raw materials, glycerin, alcohol and purified biodiesel. A disadvantage of the known device is the presence of a large list of energy-intensive equipment, the long duration of the process for producing biodiesel, multi-stage purification of biodiesel from the products of the transesterification reaction.

The objective of the invention is to simplify the technological scheme for producing biodiesel, reducing energy consumption in the process, reducing the duration of the transesterification reaction, eliminating environmentally harmful production waste.

The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that the claimed device is additionally equipped with two high pressure pumps connected to remote tanks for storing raw materials and alcohol, a condensation refrigerator for alcohol, connected to a retention vessel and a remote tank for storing alcohol, a vacuum pump connected to remote tanks for storage of purified biodiesel and alcohol, a control and measurement system (CIP) connected to a continuous reactor, storage tanks for raw materials, alcohol biodiesel, glycerol and a retention vessel, while the continuous type reactor is made by a single structural unit in the form of a coil connected in series with heat exchangers and an economizer heater and enclosed in a thermally insulating shell. Outlined

The invention is illustrated in the drawing (figure 1), which schematically shows a General view of the described device.

The device contains a continuous type 1 reactor of an original design (know-how) with integrated pressure and temperature sensors and a magnesia cable.

The continuous type 1 reactor is equipped with inlet, outlet pipelines, shut-off and shut-off and control valves. The outer surface of the continuous type 1 reactor and pipelines is covered with thermal insulation. Designed to carry out the transesterification reaction of vegetable oils in a supercritical alcohol environment and transfer the reaction product to a retention vessel 2 to separate the products of the transesterification reaction and at the same time to store raw materials.

The holding vessel 2 is two cylindrical containers sealed from each other, coaxially arranged, equipped with inlet, outlet pipes, shut-off and shut-off and control valves, level meters (upper and lower). The inner cylinder (retention vessel 2) is intended for accumulation, separation of the transesterification reaction product and the delivery of the separated product components to the tanks for storing alcohol 3, purified biodiesel 5 and glycerol 6. The inter-cylindrical space (tank for storing raw materials 2) is intended for storage, heating and the delivery of vegetable oil to the continuous type 1 reactor by means of a high pressure pump 7. As a pump, a metering plunger can be used.

The alcohol storage tank 3 is designed to accumulate and dispense alcohol into a continuous type 1 reactor by means of a high pressure pump 8. It is equipped with supply, discharge pipelines, shut-off and shut-off and control valves, level meters (upper and lower). As a pump, a dosing plunger can be used.

The vacuum pump 4 is used to distill off alcohol residues from the tank for storing purified biodiesel 5. Equipped with inlet, outlet pipes, shut-off and shut-off and control valves.

The tank for storing purified biodiesel fuel 5 is equipped with inlet, outlet pipes, shut-off and shut-off and control valves, level meter, designed for accumulation, purification of residual alcohol and storage of biodiesel fuel.

The storage tank for glycerin 6 is equipped with inlet, outlet pipelines, shut-off and shut-off and control valves, level meter, designed for the accumulation and storage of glycerin.

The refrigerator 9 is designed to condense the excess vaporous alcohol coming from the retaining vessel 2 into the alcohol storage tank 3.

The proposed device operates as follows.

Preparatory work includes:

- stop valves are opened on the line alcohol storage tank 3 - high pressure pump 8 - continuous type reactor 1, the high pressure pump 8 is turned on and the continuous type 1 reactor is filled with alcohol to a certain pressure. The monitoring of the filling of a continuous reactor of type 1 is carried out by an electronic converter of the signal of the pressure sensor (it is possible to use an arrow gauge)

- at the same time voltage is applied to the magnesia cable to heat the alcohol. By the electronic converter of the temperature sensor signal, the achievement of the alcohol temperature to the working temperature is monitored.

After the preparatory work, the shutoff valves on the line stopping vessel 2 - high pressure pump 7 - continuous type 1 reactor are opened. The high pressure pump 7 is turned on, vegetable oil is fed into the continuous type reactor 1. At the same time, the shutoff valves on the lines open: continuous type 1 reactor - stopping vessel 2, the retaining vessel 2 - a tank for storing alcohol 3 and a vacuum pump 4 - a tank for storing alcohol 3.

The resulting reaction product transesterification of vegetable oil in a medium of supercritical alcohol begins to flow into the retaining vessel 2,

where overpressure is created. Under the action of the latter, excess alcohol, which is in a vapor state in the retaining vessel 2, begins to flow into the tank for storing alcohol 3, concurrently condensing in the refrigerator 9.

In the retaining vessel 2, a layer-by-layer separation of the reaction product into glycerol and alcoholic esters of fatty acids occurs due to the difference in densities. Upon reaching a predetermined level, shutoff valves are opened on the lines: a holding vessel 2 - a storage tank for biodiesel 5 and a holding vessel 2 - a storage tank for glycerin 6, as well as a line for a storage tank for biodiesel 5 - a vacuum pump 4 for pumping residual methanol vapor .

Summarizing, we can say that this installation favorably differs from the prototype in fewer devices, does not form saponification products due to the absence of a catalyst in the transesterification process due to the original design of a continuous type reactor, which allows maintaining optimal process parameters for maximum yield of the transesterification reaction product.

Claims (1)

A device for producing biodiesel fuel containing a continuous reactor, a heater-economizer, heat exchangers, a delay vessel, an alcohol extraction system, storage tanks for raw materials, glycerin, alcohol and purified biodiesel, characterized in that the device is additionally equipped with two high pressure pumps, a refrigerator for alcohol condensation, by a vacuum pump, control and measurement system (I&C), where high pressure pumps are connected to reservoirs for storing raw materials and alcohol, refrigerators connected to a holding vessel and a tank for storing alcohol, a vacuum pump connected to tanks for storing purified biodiesel and alcohol, a control and measurement system (CIP) is connected to a continuous reactor, tanks for storing raw materials, alcohol, biodiesel, glycerol and a holding tank vessel, while the continuous reactor is made by a single structural unit in the form of a coil connected in series with heat exchangers and a heater-economizer, and is enclosed in thermally insulated th shell and retaining vessel and a tank for storing raw material are arranged coaxially and sealingly performed with respect to each other.