RU69978U1 - COLLOID ELECTRIC ROCKET MOTOR WITH RING SLOT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of space electric rocket engines with a high velocity of the expiration of the working fluid and can be used to solve flight problems in near-Earth space.

The aim of the invention is to increase the traction parameters of the engine.

A colloidal electric rocket engine with an annular gap contains a pulling electrode 1, a high voltage insulator 2, a spray electrode 3, a cylindrical barrier cup 4, a centering flange 5, a nozzle for supplying atomized liquid 6, an exciting electrode 7, and two high voltage sources with voltage U ₁ and U ₂ .

Description

The utility model relates to the field of space electric rocket engines with a high velocity of the expiration of the working fluid and can be used to solve flight problems in near-Earth space.

Closest to the proposed utility model is a colloidal electric rocket engine with an annular gap, containing coaxially located pulling, spraying and exciting electrodes, of which the spraying electrode is made of two cylindrical halves, forming in the end part an annular gap connected to the spray liquid supply system, and connected to one pole of the current source, and the pulling and exciting electrodes round the spraying electrode with a certain gap and are connected to the other by lusy current source. The specified prototype is described in the article: Wilss A.A. et al. Aparametric study of annular colloid thrusters -Jn: La propulsion electrique dansses applications spatiales tourness d'e tudes. Toulouse, 1972, p. P. 115-122. (An abstract in Russian is available in the monograph: Shtyrlin A.F. Electrostatic spraying of liquids - M: MAI, 2004, pp. 118 ... 119)

The disadvantage of the prototype is the low traction parameters of the engine.

The purpose of the utility model is to increase the engine traction parameters.

The purpose of the utility model is achieved in that the colloidal electric rocket engine with an annular gap contains coaxially arranged extruding, spraying and exciting electrodes, of which the spraying electrode is made of two cylindrical halves, forming an annular gap in the end part connected to the spray liquid supply system,

and connected to one pole of the current source, and the extraction and exciting electrodes bend around the saw electrode with a certain gap and are connected to the other pole of the current source, the inner half of the spray electrode is made in the form of a cylindrical barrier glass made of a dielectric, inside of which the exciting electrode is placed in the working area without a gap and connected to an autonomous current source.

In addition, the dielectric constant of the material of the barrier cylindrical glass is equal to or greater than the dielectric constant of the sprayed liquid.

Figure 1 shows a colloidal electric rocket engine with an annular gap.

Figure 2 shows the calculated dependence of increasing the electric field in the annular gap of the colloidal engine on the dielectric constant of the material of the cylindrical glass.

A colloidal electric rocket engine with an annular gap contains a pulling electrode 1, a high voltage insulator 2, a spray electrode 3, a cylindrical barrier cup 4, a centering flange 5, a nozzle for supplying atomized liquid 6, an exciting electrode 7, and two high voltage sources with voltage U ₁ and U ₂ . The spraying electrode 3 has a sharp emission edge with a radius of curvature of 1 ... 100 μm and a cone angle of 5 ... 15 degrees. The edge is made of stainless steel, platinum or other electrically conductive material with a platinum coating. The radial clearance between the pulling electrode 1 and the emission edge of the electrode 3 is 2 ... 6 mm. The electrodes 1.3 and the high voltage insulator 2 are coaxially mounted and centered relative to each other. Barrier cylindrical glass 4 is made of polymeric materials, high-voltage ceramics or

ferroelectrics with a dielectric constant of 2 to 3750 relative units. An annular gap between the electrode 3 and the barrier cylindrical cup 4 for the passage of liquid from the nozzle for supplying the sprayed liquid 6 to the emission edge of the spraying electrode 3 is performed with a radial clearance of 0.02 ... 0.2 mm or without a radial clearance, but with profile sector channels, evenly spaced around the circumference of their mates. The end part of the barrier cylindrical cup 4 is displaced deep into the electrode 3 relative to its edge by Δh = 0.5 ... 2 mm. The exciting electrode 7 using the centering flange 5 is installed inside the barrier glass 4 in the working area without a gap coaxially with it. High voltage sources create a voltage difference ΔU = U ₁ -U ₂ to intensify the process of formation of unipolar electric emission in the annular gap of the engine.

The device operates as follows: when the high voltage source U _{1 is} turned on, the sprayed liquid is fed into the annular gap between the electrode 3 and the barrier cylindrical cup 4, and a unipolar electric charge is formed in the liquid film when it enters the emission edge of the electrode 3, under which the liquid accelerates electric field and thrust is created. To speed up and regulate the process of formation of an electric charge in the liquid, increase the velocity of the expiration of the working fluid and increase the thrust of the engine, voltage U ₂ is supplied to the exciting electrode 7. Under the action of the voltage difference U ₁ -U ₂ in the film of liquid flowing in the annular gap creates an additional electric field that intensifies these processes. The field strength in the film of the annular gap with a thickness of δ _{g is} determined from the calculation of the electric field in the gap between the coaxial cylindrical electrodes filled

a two-layer dielectric - a liquid and a solid. For small ratios of the interelectrode radial gap δ _о to the average radius of the gap, i.e. excluding cylindricity, the calculation is performed according to the formula

,

where ε _w is the dielectric constant of the liquid, ε _δ is the dielectric constant of the material of the barrier cylindrical glass, with the following parameters: ΔU = 1000 V; δ _about = 3 · 10 ^-3 m; δ _w = 10 ^-4 m; ε _w = 42; ε _δ = 2 ... 10 ⁴ . The calculation results are presented in FIG. 2, from which it can be seen that the field strength in the engine fluid film increases in direct proportion to the dielectric constant of the material of the barrier cylindrical glass to ε _δ = 100, and then the intensity decreases. According to these data, even now, using widely known insulating dielectric materials from ε _δ to 10 units, it is possible to increase the field strength in the annular gap from 10 ⁴ to 10 ⁵ V / m and intensify the motor traction parameters several times, and when developing special dielectrics another one or two orders of magnitude.

The device can also be used for electrostatic spraying on various materials of thin coatings, for research work on the action of strong fields on liquid and gaseous substances, in work on charged particle nanotechnology.

Claims (2)

1. The colloidal electric rocket engine with an annular gap contains coaxially arranged extruding, atomizing and exciting electrodes, of which the atomizing electrode is made of two cylindrical halves, forming an annular gap in the end part connected to the spray liquid supply system and connected to one pole of the current source and the extracting and exciting electrodes bend around the spray electrode with a certain gap and are connected to the other pole of the current source, characterized in that the inner half on the spraying electrode it is made in the form of a cylindrical barrier cup made of a dielectric, inside of which an exciting electrode is placed in the working area without a gap and connected to an autonomous current source. 2. The engine according to claim 1, characterized in that the dielectric constant of the material of the barrier cylindrical glass is equal to or greater than the dielectric constant of the sprayed liquid.