RU69514U1 - DECORATIVE FACING TILES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is used as a color decorative facing tile for decorative design of residential and industrial buildings and structures, interior decoration, creation of decorative panels. Decorative facing tile obtained by pressing crushed colorless or colored cullet, homogeneous or mixed of two or more types or homogeneous with the addition of dyes in the mass, fired in the temperature range 700-850 ° C, characterized by uniform color in the mass or multi-colored with a non-repeating pattern or with decorated with paints front surface. The technical task of the utility model is the simplicity of the technology for manufacturing tiles, the mobility of the transition to the production of tiles of different geometric sizes and a given color scheme, environmental protection, expanding the range of products.

Description

Known decorative facing tiles made of transparent sheet glass plates with a decorative layer deposited on its surface, made of water-dispersed paint based on polyvinyl acetate or styrene butadiene, or styrene, or polyacrylate resins, 0.05-0.3 mm thick. The plate is cut out of glass with a thickness of 2-6 mm.

Utility Model Patent No. 47003, publ. 08/10/2005, Bull. Number 22.

Closest to the proposed decorative cladding tiles are cladding glass mosaic tiles, produced in two ways: by rolling or pressing from molten glass. Glass melt is cooked in batch or tiled stoves.

Glass from the feeder enters a pair of rolls with smooth surfaces, then to a second pair of corrugated rolls arranged vertically relative to the first on which the tiles are formed. The glass strip cut in this way enters the annealing furnace through the tray.

Pressed cladding tiles are produced mainly in the size of 150 × 150 mm ² and a thickness of 5-7 mm. Hot glass melt at a temperature of 1000-1100 ° C enters the automatic presses of the APP-12 brand, with a productivity of 20-24 tiles per minute.

Colored tiles are obtained by introducing appropriate dyes into the mixture or directly into the molten glass.

V.M. Budov, P. D. Sarkisov “Production of building and technical glass”, M., Higher School, 1991

The disadvantage of this facing tile is the technology of its manufacture, including: the preparation of a multicomponent raw material charge, melting of glass in high-temperature furnaces at 1420-1500 ° C, the production of glass by rolling or pressing, followed by annealing of products in tunnel gas or electric furnaces.

The specified technology is multi-stage and energy-intensive, requiring the use of large production facilities and capacities and, accordingly, maintenance personnel.

The technical task of the utility model is the simplicity of facing tile manufacturing, cullet recycling, environmental protection through the use of cullet (bottles, cans, etc.) from urban landfills, improving the environmental situation, expanding the range, simplicity and mobility of the technology for changing sizes, colors and texture of facing tiles.

The task is achieved by the fact that the facing tile is pressed from pre-ground cullet, and then subjected to heat treatment. Cullet sources can be bottles of colorless, olive, green or brown glass. You can also use the cullet of sheet window glass, which accumulates at the industrial processing enterprises of sheet glass that manufacture plastic windows, toughened and safe glass (triplex, tempered glass products, bulletproof, etc.), decor elements (furniture, stairways, etc.). d.), products from molded (bent) glass.

In the case of sorting bottles by color, it is possible to obtain uniformly-colored tiles of green, yellow or brown color. It is possible to use a mixed battle of glasses, then the resulting tiles are characterized by a unique multi-colored color, which gives them an original decorative effect.

On the basis of flat glass, tiles of a milky color are obtained. The addition of colored glass powders in different amounts to the original composition allows to obtain tiles that mimic marble.

Tiles can be pressed in various sizes: from 10 × 10 mm ² to 150 × 150 mm ² or more, depending on the molds and press equipment used.

The shape of the manufactured tiles can be not only square, but also rectangular, triangular and trapezoidal. It is impractical to make round tiles, because when facing, there remains a large free space between them, which must be filled with cement or mortar, which significantly worsens the decorative and aesthetic effects.

Pressed tiles are heat treated, and the color and texture of the surface depends on the maximum firing temperature. For example, a tile made of a glass powder made from a brown bottle fired at a temperature of 720 ° C has a matte surface and beige color, at a temperature of 780 ° C the color of the tile becomes light brown and the surface becomes glossy.

The same effect is observed in the manufacture of tiles from green bottle glass: matt green tiles are obtained by firing 700-720 ° C and glossy green - at 770-800 ° C.

In addition to mixing powders made from colored cullet, dyes can be used to produce colored cladding tiles. In this case, dyes in the amount of 0.8-8 wt.% Or pigments mixed with fusible silicate or lead glasses in the amount of 0.1-4 wt.% Are added to the glass powder before pressing.

Thus, tiles uniformly colored in the mass are obtained. The color of the finished tile depends on the type of main glass powder and the amount of the applied paint component.

You can also get tiles of various colors and shades by surface staining with organic paints having a wide color gamut and not requiring high firing temperatures. In this case, the tiles are dried at a temperature not exceeding 60 ° C. Paint can be used as glossy or matte.

The following are specific examples of decorative tiles offered by us.

Example No. 1.

The decorative tile is made of green glass crushed in a ball mill, obtained from bottles for champagne, dry wines and beer, made in different glass factories and somewhat different in their chemical composition. The particle size of the powder is 100-350 microns.

6% water was added to the glass powder and mixed thoroughly until a homogeneous mass was obtained. Then the finished mixture is placed in the mold and pressed under a pressure of 60 MPa. Tiles were fired in electrical

muffle furnace at a temperature of 780 ° C and a holding time of 15 minutes. Next, the tiles were annealed in the cooling furnace mode.

The manufactured tile measuring 10 × 10 mm ² has a glossy surface and is painted green.

The tile has the following properties:

- temperature coefficient of linear expansion - 82 · 10 ^-7 1 / deg .;

- density - 2.22 g / cm ³ ;

- water resistance - II hydrolytic class;

- ultimate compressive strength - 22 MPa;

- ultimate strength in bending - 8 MPa.

Example No. 2.

Decorative facing tile is made of a mixture of brown glass and window powders in a ratio of 1: 5.

A binder in the form of glycerol was added to the window glass powder in an amount of 8 wt.% And mixed thoroughly until a homogeneous mass was obtained. Then a small amount of brown glass powder was added and mixed for 10 seconds. From the obtained heterogeneous (in color) mass, tiles of 20 × 20 mm ² were pressed and burned in a muffle electric furnace at a temperature of 750 ° C and a holding time of 20 minutes. The tiles were annealed in a cooling furnace mode. The tile made is characterized by a matte white surface with brown stains imitating marble.

The tile has the following characteristics:

- the temperature coefficient of linear expansion is 85 · 10 ^-7 1 / deg. C;

- density - 2.45 g / cm ³ ;

- water resistance - II hydrolytic class;

- ultimate compressive strength - 24 MPa;

- ultimate strength in bending - 6 MPa.

Example No. 3.

The tile is made of window glass powder mixed with water in an amount of 8 wt.%. Pressed under a pressure of 100 MPa. The firing temperature is 780 ° C with a holding time of 20 minutes. Annealing was carried out in the cooling furnace mode. The finished tile measuring 25 × 25 mm ² has milk

color. Further, a layer of water-dispersed acrylate paint of scarlet color is applied to the finished tile. Layer of paint 30-40 microns. Paint was applied by spray. The painted tiles were kept indoors at room temperature for 24 hours while the polymerization was going on. Thus, a decorative scarlet tile of bright scarlet color is obtained.

Tile Properties:

- temperature coefficient of linear expansion - 89 · 10 ^-7 1 / deg. C;

- density - 2.50 g / cm ³ ;

- water resistance - II hydrolytic class;

- ultimate compressive strength - 24 MPa;

- ultimate strength in bending - 7 MPa.

The manufacturing technology of the proposed decorative cladding tiles is characterized by the simplicity and mobility of the transition to the production of tiles of different geometric sizes and a given color range. The production of tiles to order does not require the creation of storage facilities for finished products.

Disposal of cullet from urban landfills contributes to environmental protection, as It is known that glass is a chemically stable product and does not decompose under natural conditions (in particular in soil).

The quality of the surface from matte to glossy and a wide range of colors, both homogeneous in mass, marble-like with stains and inclusions of a different color, and with the front plane of tiles painted with opaque matte and glossy paints, facilitates their use for cladding both the external sides of buildings and structures, and cladding interior spaces, creating decorative panels and decorating interiors.

Claims (1)

Decorative facing tile obtained by pressing crushed colorless or colored cullet, homogeneous or mixed with two or more types or homogeneous with the addition of dyes in the mass, fired in the temperature range 700-850 ° C, characterized by uniform color in the mass or multi-colored with a non-repeating pattern or with decorated with paints front surface.