RU67211U1 - THIN-WALLED VESSEL - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the production of thin-walled vessels, including pressure vessels, a variety of vessel liners, etc., which can be used to store various liquids, compressed and liquefied gases in fire extinguishing systems, breathing apparatus, etc. The technical result is the creation of a technologically advanced and fairly simple design of sealed thin-walled vessels, increasing the productivity of their manufacture and, accordingly, reducing production costs. To do this, in a thin-walled vessel, the shell elements from the open ends contact with each other lap or butt, and the joint zones are additionally provided with at least one connecting lap ring, while the lap contact of the shell elements or shell elements and the lap ring is carried out using a sealing layer adhesive composition and the formation of adhesive bonding, and the value of the mutual overlap of the elements of the shells or mutual overlap for each element of the shell and overlap ring of is calculated by the formula:

L≥p × D / (4 × σ),

where: p is the estimated pressure of the destruction of the vessel;

D is the maximum diameter of the vessel body in the area of the adhesive joint;

σ is the calculated shear stress of fracture of the polymerized adhesive layer. 1 n and 3 z.p. f-ly; 8 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the production of thin-walled vessels, including pressure vessels, a variety of vessel liners, etc., which can be used to store various liquids, compressed and liquefied gases in fire extinguishing systems, breathing apparatus, etc.

A known high-pressure cylinder containing a liner reinforced with a layer of glass or carbon fiber, consisting of two half-cylinders with bottoms connected along thickened edges by thread with a nipple sleeve and sealed by fusion of the edges or the introduction of adhesive components [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2168083 dated 04.04 .1996, IPC ⁷ F16J 12/00, F17C 1/00, publ. 10/30/1994].

The use of several independent technological transitions (joining with thread and sealing with adhesive components), each of which is potentially self-sufficient, makes the production technology of the liner of a famous balloon unreasonably complicated.

Known gas cylinder of high pressure, containing a power shell made of composite material, for example, from Kevlar, a built-in sealing shell (the so-called liner) of metal with bottoms and flanges [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2118356 from 10.11.2000, IPC ⁷ F17C 1/06, F17C 1/16, publ. 08.27.2000]. For gluing the elements of the cylinder are used adhesives based on leukonates, and the strength of the connection is ensured by welding.

The welding joint, in fact, duplicates the glue, which makes the design of the cylinder and the manufacturing process of its manufacture quite complicated.

Known metal-plastic high-pressure cylinder, including a thin-walled steel liner containing the middle cylindrical part and two bottoms, interconnected by welding [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2289062 from 04/12/2005, IPC ⁸ F17C

1/00, B21D 51/24, publ. 12/10/2006].

The use of welding to connect thin-walled parts of the liner significantly complicates the manufacturing process, since this requires the organization of special jobs, the use of expensive welding equipment and the involvement of highly qualified specialists.

Known thin-walled metal liner of a composite gas cylinder of high pressure, containing, the middle cylindrical part and two bottom, connected to the middle part by means of washer rings by welding [Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2077682 from 04.29.1994, IPC ⁵ F17C 1/06, publ. . 04/20/1997, bull. No. 11]. Compared with previous technical solutions, welded joints of thin-walled middle cylindrical parts and two bottom ones are carried out using backing rings, which reduces the requirements for technological modes of welding thin walls of the liner.

Nevertheless, their production requires the organization of special jobs, the use of expensive welding equipment and the involvement of highly qualified specialists, in particular for work on laser and electron beam welding installations, as well as their maintenance.

The closest in the set of essential features to the technical solution claimed as a utility model is a thin-walled metal vessel made in the form of a sealed case with bottoms, while the case consists of two shell elements, each of which has an open end [Nikolaev G.A., Kurkin S.A., Vinokurov V.A. Welded construction. Manufacturing technology. Automation of production and design of welded structures: Textbook. allowance. - M .: Higher. School, 1983, p. 3, 11-15, fig. 12.12.].

This vessel has the same disadvantages as the above products.

The problem solved by this utility model and the technical result achieved is to create a technologically advanced and fairly simple design of sealed thin-walled vessels, increase the productivity of their manufacture and, accordingly, reduce production costs.

To solve the problem and achieve the claimed technical result in a known thin-walled vessel made in the form of a sealed housing with bottoms, moreover, the housing consists of at least two shell elements, each of which has at least one open end, elements the shells from the open ends are in contact with each other overlapping or end-to-end, and the joint zones are additionally provided with at least one connecting lap ring, while the lap contact of the elements of the shells or elements about the beech and lap ring is carried out using a sealing layer of adhesive composition and the formation of an adhesive joint, and the mutual overlap of the shell elements or mutual overlap for each element of the shell and lap ring is calculated by the formula:

L≥p × D / (4 × σ),

where: p is the estimated pressure of the destruction of the vessel;

D is the maximum diameter of the vessel body in the area of the adhesive joint;

σ is the calculated shear stress of fracture of the polymerized adhesive layer.

Besides:

- part of at least one of the elements of the shell, providing lapping connection is made stepwise;

- parts of at least two end-to-end contacting shell elements at the junction with the lap ring are made stepwise;

- a sealed housing is made with at least three elements of the shells, one part of the open ends of which is in contact with each other with an overlap, and the other end-to-end.

It should be noted that the term “shell element” refers to the cylindrical part of any part of the sealed body of a thin-walled vessel, through which, in the case of this utility model, their one-piece connection is provided, with the exception of the lap ring - an additional technological part that provides the possibility of lap joint of two adjacent elements shells. Thus, the elements of the shells are present at the ends of one body bottom

the vessel in the form of its cylindrical part, and on the other - in the case of making a sealed enclosure from two bottoms, one of which has a neck and the other is made blind, and, of course, from the two ends of the shell itself - in the case of making a sealed enclosure of two bottoms with a cylindrical shell or several cylindrical shells between them. Regardless of the design of the bottom and the presence of a neck in it, as well as to ensure the possibility of realizing the claimed utility model, it is necessary that its part open from the end be cylindrical, i.e. - would contain a shell element.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where:

- figure 1 shows a typical design of a thin-walled vessel;

- figure 2-4 shows the design options of a thin-walled vessel;

- figure 5-8 - possible options for connecting parts in a thin-walled vessel.

The thin-walled vessel is made in the form of a sealed housing 1 with bottoms 2 (and 2 '), while the housing 1 consists of at least two shell elements 3, 4 and 5, 6, each of which has at least one open end face 7, 8 or 9, 10. Depending on the type of connection of the shell elements, two characteristic variants of the construction of the housing 1 can be distinguished.

For the first option, the elements of the shells 3 and 4 from the open ends 7 or 8 are in contact with each other overlap (see figures 1, 2, 5 and 6), while the lap contact of the elements of the shells 3 and 4 is carried out using a sealing layer of adhesive composition and the formation of adhesive joints (not conventionally shown, but - implied).

For the second option, the elements of the shells 5 and b from the open ends 9 or 10 are contacted end-to-end (see Figs. 3, 4, 7 and 8), and the joint zones are additionally equipped with at least one lap joint ring 11, with this lap contact of the shell elements 5 and 6, and lap ring 11 is also carried out using a sealing layer of an adhesive composition and the formation of an adhesive joint (also conditionally not shown, but is implied).

The value of the mutual overlap L of the elements of the shells 3 and 4 or for each element of the shell 5 and 6, and lap ring 11 is calculated

according to the formula:

L≥p × D / (4 × σ),

where: p is the estimated pressure of the destruction of the vessel;

D is the maximum diameter of the vessel body in the area of the adhesive joint;

σ is the calculated shear stress of fracture of the polymerized adhesive layer.

The value of the overlapping L was determined from the condition that the fracture stress of the polymerized adhesive layer by shear σ equals the ratio of the shear force to the area of the sheared surface. In turn, the shear force is equal to the projection area of the bottom 2 or 2 ', multiplied by the design pressure p of the destruction of the vessel, and the area of the shifted surface is equal to the length of the corresponding circumference of the shell element 2, 4 or 5, 6 in the area of their connection to each other or their connection with lap ring 11, multiplied by the width of the polymerized adhesive layer - it is also the value of the mutual overlap L.

An adhesive composition (also known as a polymer composition) is, for example, anaerobic or some other adhesive manufactured by the domestic industry (for example, see the catalog [Anaerobic sealing compounds (sealants). Acrylic adhesives. FSUE NII Polymers, Dzerzhinsk, 1999]) or its foreign analogues distributed under the trademark LOCTITE ^® , AGA, etc.

Features of the design of the housing 1 is that the part of the elements of the shell 3 or 4 (see figure 5 or 6), providing overlapping connection is made stepwise. In the same way, the parts of the two shell-contacting elements of the shells 5 and 6 at the junction with the lap ring 12 (see Fig. 7 or 8) are made stepwise. It should be noted that the step (distribution, crimping, calibration, exhaust, etc.) can be performed on the parts based on considerations of manufacturability, cylinder operating conditions, equipment capabilities, etc., for this reason only characteristic figures are presented in the figures of the drawings options for the stepped shape of the shell elements 3, 4 and 5, 6.

The above features of the sealed housing 1 can be implemented simultaneously in one vessel, i.e. open ends 7 and 8

elements of shells 3 and 4 from the side, for example, of one bottom 2 can overlap with each other, and the open ends of other, not shown elements of shells (this can be a connection of the other bottom with the other end of the shell - not shown conditionally) can be contacted end to end including, also, the possibility of performing a cylindrical shell 12 made up by the same principle, which can conditionally be considered the right part of the housing 1 in the figures of the drawing (in addition to the fact that in other cases it can be extended or rolled out bottom 2 ').

The above features of the sealed housing 1 can be implemented simultaneously in the design of another vessel, i.e. the open ends 7 and 8 of the elements of the shells 3 and 4 of the two bottoms 2 and 2 'can overlap each other, and the open ends of other, not shown elements of the shells (this can be a connection of the other bottom to the other end of the shell) can be contacted end to end, including, also, the possibility of performing a cylindrical shell composed by the same principle, which can conditionally be considered the right side of the housing 1 in the figures of the drawing.

And, on the contrary, the open ends 9 and 10 of the shell elements 5 and 6 of the bottom 2 can contact end-to-end, and the open ends of other, not shown shell elements can overlap. And so - in any combination.

Consider typical examples of the manufacture of thin-walled vessels.

Initial data for design.

It is necessary to make a thin-walled vessel designed for an operating pressure of p = 15 MPa, the sealed metal case 1 of which is made of 10X18H10T steel (although the case 1 can be made of aluminum alloy, be non-metallic, for example, composite, etc.) with a minimum thickness walls of 1 mm with a maximum diameter D in the area of the connection of parts of the housing 1 equal to 150 mm The calculated fracture stress of the polymerized adhesive layer by shear is σ = 20 MPa. The accepted vessel destruction pressure of 36 MPa is determined by multiplying the working pressure by the standard coefficient k = 2.4, defined in PB 03-576-03 (“Rules for the Construction and Safe Operation of Pressure Vessels”).

We calculate the value of the mutual overlap L of the shell elements 3 and 4 (or the mutual overlap L for each shell element 5 and 6, and the lap ring 11):

L≥p × D / (4 × σ) = (36 × l50) / (4 × 20) = 67.5 mm

For further design, the value of the mutual overlap L is taken equal to 70 mm.

Example 1. A thin-walled vessel includes two bottoms 2 and 2 ', for example, as shown in figure 1.

The bottom 2 with the neck is taken, as less heavy, and an adhesive composition of 70 mm is applied to the inner surface of the lap region 3 around the circumference. The prepared bottom 2 is put on the blind bottom 2 'by a value of 70 mm. In this case, the adhesive acts as a lubricant, making it easy to overcome the frictional force in the gap between the parts to be joined. Actually, the adhesive can first be applied to the blank bottom 2 '- it all depends on the specific conditions of production, technological capabilities, the habits of workers, established traditions, etc. After a technologically established time has elapsed at the appropriate temperature in the gap between the parts, the composition polymerizes to form an integral compound that has the function of sealing. After complete polymerisation of the adhesive, reliable sealing of the joint and reliable fixation of parts 2 and 2 'relative to each other are achieved.

After keeping the vessel, it goes to the next technological operation, for example, to a fiber winding to obtain a power sheath, etc.

Example 2. Similar to example 1.

The difference is that the bottoms are collected “dry”, and the low-viscosity adhesive is applied to the joint zone, after turning the body 1 with the bottom 2 down.

Due to capillary properties, the low-viscosity adhesive spreads in the gap between the parts, thereby filling the gap that is equal to the volume of the used liquid composition.

Example 3. A thin-walled vessel includes a bottom 2 with a neck, a cylindrical shell 12, a blind bottom 2 'and an lap ring 11, for example, as shown in Fig.3 and Fig.6.

A bottom 2 with a neck is taken, and an adhesive composition of 70 mm is applied around the circumference of the lap section 5 and a lap ring 11 is put on, which has a width of 70 + 70 = 140 mm. After the technologically established time has elapsed, the composition polymerizes to form an integral connection of the shell element 5 and the lap ring 11.

Further, an anaerobic composition is also applied to the open inner surface of the lap ring 11 (by a value of 70 mm). At the same time, an anaerobic composition is also applied on the blind bottom 2 ′ to the stepped portion (shell element) 4, to a value of 70 mm.

Prepared bottoms 2 and 2 'are put on a cylindrical shell 12. In one case, the open end 9 of the bottom 2 is in contact with the open end 10 of the shell 12 end-to-end through the lap ring 11, in the other, the shell element 4 of the bottom 2' is in contact with the element 3 of the shell 12. An overlap of L is automatically provided on both sides. The adhesive is polymerized and the housing 1 is sent for reinforcement with plastic.

Further, similarly to example 1.

Other examples of the implementation of the utility model are possible - in the framework of the use of essential features and their various combinations. In all cases, in the design of a thin-walled vessel, the metal housing 1 ensures the integrity of the future product.

Thus, the use of a utility model allows you to create a variety of technological options for a fairly simple design of thin-walled vessels, increase the productivity of their manufacture and reduce production costs.

Claims (4)

1. A thin-walled vessel made in the form of a sealed housing with bottoms, the housing consists of at least two shell elements, each of which has at least one open end, characterized in that the shell elements are from open ends overlap or end-to-end contact, moreover, the joint zones are additionally equipped with at least one connecting lap ring, while lap contact of shell elements or shell elements and lap ring is carried out using sealant curing layer of the adhesive composition and the formation of adhesive bonding, and the value of the mutual overlap of the elements of the shells or mutual overlap for each element of the shell and lap ring is calculated by the formula L≥p · D / (4 · σ), where p is the estimated pressure of the destruction of the vessel; D is the maximum diameter of the vessel body in the area of the adhesive joint; σ is the calculated shear stress of fracture of the polymerized adhesive layer. 2. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the part of at least one of the elements of the shell, providing lapping connection is made stepwise. 3. The vessel according to claim 1, characterized in that the parts of at least two end-to-end contacting elements of the shells at the junction with the lap ring are made stepwise. 4. A vessel according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the sealed housing is made with at least three shell elements, one part of the open ends of which is in lap contact and the other is butt.