RU67169U1 - DEPTH HYDRAULIC JACK FOR ELIMINATION OF TAKEOFFS WITH TRANSMISSION OF TORQUE AND EMERGENCY CURTAIN - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the drilling and overhaul of oil and gas wells, designed to eliminate sticking and extracting tubing, drill pipes and other seized objects from cased wells.

A deep hydraulic jack to eliminate sticking of tubing, drill pipes, packers and other objects in a cased wellbore, lowered into the well on a drill pipe drill string, contains a hydraulic anchor, power hydraulic cylinders forming a body, and a hollow barrel including a faceted rod in the reciprocal nipple profile on the body and sub with a fitting and a ball valve.

New in the device is that the jack uses load-bearing threaded connections with left or right thread, capable of transmitting a torque corresponding in magnitude and direction to the thread of the pipe fishing string. A hollow nipple and a cylinder are installed on the barrel, between the faceted rod and the sub, interconnected by a thread opposite to the threads of the bearing joints, which is blocked by an axially movable sleeve located inside the nipple and cylinder and connected with them by a connection transmitting the required torque .

Outside of the sleeve, above the connection (for example, a spline or faceted shape), an annular ledge is made corresponding to the ledge in the nipple restricting the axial movement of the sleeve, and at the upper end there is a seat of an additional ball valve blocking the axial hole. An elastic element is made at the lower end of the sleeve, narrowing the diameter of its axial channel, and a tube with a funnel at the inlet is installed in the saddle of the ball valve. The elastic element, narrowing the diameter of the axial channel of the sleeve, can be made in the form of a thin-walled tube with elastic petals eccentrically curved inward at the end, cut at an angle.

The utility model provides the ability to restore circulation through a stuck object after applying axial forces, pacing, beating off the rotor, as well as the ability, if necessary, to pump chemicals (hydrochloric acid, oil baths, etc.) into the sticking zone with subsequent reloading, significantly expand the list effective operations performed without disconnecting the jack.

Description

The utility model relates to the drilling and overhaul of oil and gas wells, designed to eliminate sticking and extracting tubing, drill pipes and other seized objects from cased wells.

Known downhole hydraulic jack to eliminate sticking, containing power hydraulic cylinders, the housing of which is connected to a hydraulic anchor and, above, with a fishing column. The barrel of the jack includes a square rod in the nipple of the reciprocal profile on the housing, which allows the transmission of rotation to the fishing tool throughout the course of the pistons of the hydraulic cylinders. To "recharge" the jack, the liquid is stopped forcing, the pressure is released, and the fishing column with the housing is lifted by the piston stroke length. The disadvantage of the device, in particular, is that the flushing of the well during the descent and bottomhole design does not provide. (See Composite - catalog of oil and gas equipment, 1995-1996. M., Fuel and Energy, vol. 2, p. 640).

Known hydraulic jack to eliminate sticking (prototype), also containing power hydraulic cylinders, the housing of which is connected to a hydraulic anchor and fishing column. The barrel of the jack, including a faceted rod in the nipple of the reciprocal profile on the body, is made hollow along the entire length; the faceted rod is connected to the sub, in which a seat is made under the ball of the check valve and a flushing fitting is installed (RF patent No. 2282708 of January 11, 2005)

The device provides the ability to periodically flush the wellbore during descent; at the bottom, axial jet flushing through the nozzle helps to clean the head of the stuck object from settled sand and sludge, which should increase the possibility of successful attachment of a fishing tool. After joining, the design allows washing through a stuck object (with the passage of its channels).

However, the elimination of tool sticks in the well is one of the most complex and lengthy processes in overhaul. In addition to the magnitude of the axial force developed by the jack, the success of the operation is largely determined by a number of other qualities that it is advisable to endow with a deep jack.

We will name the following:

- existing jacks are used with a freed fishing tool to disconnect if it is not possible to extract a tacked object. The use of a non-free tool (bell, tap, etc.) in some cases is preferable, sometimes necessary, but can lead to an aggravation of the accident;

- upon unsuccessful attempts to forcefully eliminate the stick, after disconnecting and removing the jack from the well, in some cases, despite the great overall laboriousness of the work, the left tool is lowered into the well with pipes with left-hand thread and the corresponding drive, in order to transmit large torque through the non-free tool for unscrewing in parts of the stuck column.

As noted, the design of the prototype allows (in the presence of patency) circulation through the channels of the tacked object, which can contribute to success. However, such a flushing is possible only until the ball fits in the seat of the lower valve, creating pressure and axial force in the jack.

It is obvious that the possibility of restoring circulation through a stuck object after applying axial forces, pacing, beating off the rotor, as well as the possibility, if necessary, of pumping chemicals (hydrochloric acid, oil baths, etc.) into the sticking zone with subsequent reloading, will significantly expand the list effective operations performed without disconnecting the jack.

The task posed to the utility model is the creation of a hydraulic jack endowed with the above qualities, through appropriate design and technological solutions.

The problem is solved in that the deep hydraulic jack to eliminate sticking tubing, drill pipe, packers and other objects in a cased wellbore, lowered into the well on a drill pipe drill string, contains a hydraulic anchor, power hydraulic cylinders forming the body, and a hollow trunk, including a faceted rod in the nipple of the reciprocal profile on the body and an adapter with a fitting and a ball valve.

New in the device is that the jack uses load-bearing threaded connections with left or right thread, capable of transmitting a torque corresponding in magnitude and direction to the thread of the pipe fishing string. On the barrel, between the faceted bar and the sub, there are hollow nipples and a cylinder connected by a thread opposite to the threads of the bearing joints, which is blocked by an axially movable sleeve,

placed inside the nipple and cylinder and connected to them by a connection transmitting the required torque.

Outside of the sleeve, above the connection (for example, a spline or faceted shape), an annular ledge is made corresponding to the ledge in the nipple restricting the axial movement of the sleeve, and at the upper end there is a seat of an additional ball valve blocking the axial hole. An elastic element is made at the lower end of the sleeve, narrowing the diameter of its axial channel, and a tube with a funnel at the inlet is installed in the saddle of the ball valve. The elastic element, narrowing the diameter of the axial channel of the sleeve, can be made in the form of a thin-walled tube with elastic petals eccentrically curved inward at the end, cut at an angle.

The hydraulic jack is illustrated by the drawings shown in figures 1-4.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of a General view of the jack, its layout; figure 2 - diagram of the node emergency, for example, the left lapel and the lower valve in the sub with a blocked reverse (right) threaded connection (figa) and the same node after unlocking the thread (fig.2b).

In Fig.3 shows a diagram of leaching the ball from the valve seat of the lower sub and Fig.4 is a diagram of the jack after disconnecting its main part from the fishing tool with the lower sub and the cylinder.

The hydraulic jack arrangement includes the following series-connected elements forming the body (Fig. 1): drain valve 1, anchor 2 with retractable dies 3, power hydraulic cylinders 4 connected by nipples 5 and containing pistons 6 on rods 7, a torque transmission unit and axial travel restrictions barrel 8, including a faceted rod 9 and a nipple 10 with a mating surface, mounted in the housing. To fix the barrel 8 of the jack in the housing in the upper position, during transportation and lowering into the well, shear pins 11 are installed.

In the lower part of the jack on the trunk 8 are the node 12 emergency lapel and the lower sub 13 (Fig.2).

The emergency lap assembly 12 is mounted on the thickened part of the faceted rod 9 and consists of a nipple 14, a cylinder 15, a sleeve 16. The nipple 14 is connected to the rod 9, for example, with a left cylindrical thread, and a right thread with a cylinder 15, which is connected below the left thread with an adapter 13. Inside, in the upper part of the cylinder 15 and in the lower part of the nipple 14 in the screwed-up condition, longitudinal grooves of the spline connection are cut from one installation (section AA of FIG. 2). The lower part of the sleeve 16 interacts with them, having a mating spline surface of double length.

The splined connection of the parts 14, 15, 16 “blocks” the right-hand thread connecting the nipple 14 and the cylinder 15, ensuring reliable transmission of the left torque to the fishing tool and, further, to the stuck column. Above the spline connection, the sleeve 16 has two cylindrical sections of different diameters forming an annular ledge, and also has a groove for shear pins 17 in the upper section of a larger diameter.

The pins 17 fix the sleeve 16 in the nipple 14 in the upper position. In the axial hole of the sleeve 16 is made a saddle under the ball 18; on the lower end of the sleeve 16, in its axial hole, a thin-walled tube 19 is installed with elastic petals eccentrically concave inward at the end, reducing the bore diameter and cut at an angle. In the sub 13, an axial hole is made with a seat for a ball 20 of a smaller diameter than the ball 18 and a fitting 21. A tube 22 with a funnel is installed above the saddle under the ball 20. The ball 20 is discharged into the drill string to block the channel in the barrel 8 before creating pressure in the jack. The sub 13 has a backup radial hole plugged with a plug 23.

The jack works as follows. When descending into the well, the fluid through the hollow shaft 8 enters the cavity of the jack and the fishing string 24 drill pipes. At any depth, the descent can be suspended, the injection line is connected and the well is flushed through the nozzle 21. When flushing, the increased pressure drop in the jack presses the dies 3 of the anchor 2 to the casing, therefore it is forbidden to move the casing in the well during the flushing process.

At the bottom, jet washing through the nozzle 21 can help to clean the head of the stuck object from the settled sand and sludge, increase the possibility of successful attachment of a fishing tool (not shown).

After joining, in some cases it is advisable to attempt to cause circulation through the channels of the stuck column, which can facilitate the elimination of sticking. After washing is completed, the tool is tensioned, pins 11 are cut off, the tool with the jack body rises up to the stop. A force of 5-15 tons is created to check the reliability of the attachment of the fishing tool. A ball 20 is dropped into the fishing column 24 to fit into the seat of the valve of the sub 13. Landing can be accelerated by restoring circulation. The increase in pressure and the cessation of circulation indicate the closure of the valve.

To eliminate sticking, the pressure can increase to the value provided in the passport of the jack.

After holding (5 min), the pressure slowly bleeds off, according to the readings of the hydraulic weight indicator, the change in the load on the hook is evaluated, the tool travels upward (if the sticking object has shifted). The next tension of the fishing column 24 is made, working pressure, exposure, depressurization, and estimation of the tool displacement are created.

With significant resistance, the process can be repeated several times until the stick is completely eliminated.

If under the influence of maximum force with sufficient exposure the grab was not able to be eliminated, attempts can be made to transfer significant left torque to the object, beat off the rotor, walk the tool in order to unscrew and then remove the column in parts.

Naturally, the drive and the hydraulic jack must correspond in strength to the torque allowed for the drill pipe used.

In the case when the first attempts to eliminate the sticking did not succeed, but there is the possibility of circulation through the stuck column, it may be appropriate to chemically treat the sticking interval in the well (injection of hydrochloric acid, oil bath, etc.) with subsequent pacing, rotor stripping and repeated applications axial load.

The design of the jack provides for the possibility of such technological measures.

To do this, remove the ball 20 from the valve of the sub 13 and restore circulation through the fishing column 24 and the stuck pipes.

The operation is performed in the following sequence.

Harness is switched for backwashing. After turning on the pump, an ascending stream of liquid flushes the ball from the tube 22. As a result of interaction with the angled and eccentrically curved petals at the narrowed end of the thin-walled tube 19 and the funnel of the tube 22, the flow with the ball 20 deviates to the side (Fig. 3) and the heavy ball 20, losing speed, falls to the bottom of the sub 13.

Then, the processing interval is treated with chemicals. To re-enable the jack in the fishing column 24, the second ball 20 is dropped, the axial force is again created and other operations are performed.

In case of failure, drill pipes with a hydraulic jack (its main part) are removed from the well.

The operation to disconnect the jack begins with leaching the ball 20 from the valve of the sub 13 and restoring circulation.

Note that to achieve the goal, it is sufficient to provide a small and short stream of upward flow in the tube 22.

In the case where the cavity of the stuck pipes and the well are clogged with sludge, longitudinal channels in the threads of the tap, bell, the gaps between the dies of the tube and other elements of the fishing tool are sufficient to create a reverse circulation and such a jet.

If necessary, a specially made channel can be used in the sub 13 (after removing the plug 23 before lowering into the well).

Next, the strapping is switched for direct washing, by restoring the circulation, the opening of the channel in the sub 13 is checked.

Then, a ball 18 is thrown into the column 24, blocking the channel in the sleeve 16; when creating a sufficient pressure drop, the pins 17 are cut off. The sleeve 16 is shifted down to the stop of its protruding cylindrical part into a ledge formed by the ends of the slots cut in the nipple 14 (Fig. 2a), from which the slots cut on the sleeve 16 are fully extended at the same time (Fig. 2b). The lock of the right thread connecting the nipple 14 and the cylinder 12 is removed. Left-handed rotation of the tool unscrews the thread, the main part of the jack is removed from the well. With fishing tools, there remains a sub 13, cylinder 12, the shape and dimensions of which are convenient for further fishing operations (Fig. 4).

Before lifting from the well of the fishing string of pipes 24 with a jack and an released object (or without it), a ball drain valve 1 is opened (Fig. 1). We note, finally, that along with the main structure of the jack having a left load-bearing thread, a design with right-hand load-bearing threaded connections and the corresponding emergency collar assembly can be used, which is reflected in the claims.

Such a jack will make it possible to eliminate the seizure of the left fishing tool or will be necessary in the case when it is necessary to use the right non-free fishing tool.

Claims (2)

1. A deep hydraulic jack to eliminate sticks, mainly tubing, drill pipe, packers in a cased wellbore, lowered into the well on a drill pipe fishing string, containing a hydraulic anchor and power hydraulic cylinders forming a body, a hollow shaft, including a faceted rod in the reciprocal nipple profile on the body and sub with flushing fitting and ball valve, characterized in that it uses load-bearing threaded connections with left or right threads that can transmit to a torque moment, in magnitude and direction, corresponding to the thread of the fishing pipe string, a hollow nipple and a cylinder are installed on the barrel between the faceted rod and the sub, interconnected by a thread opposite to the threads of the bearing joints, which is blocked by an axially movable sleeve located inside the nipple and the cylinder and the associated connection transmitting the required torque, and above the connection on the sleeve made an annular ledge corresponding to the ledge in the nipple, limiting the axial movement of the sleeve, on the upper end of the sleeve there is a saddle of an additional ball valve overlapping the axial hole, and on the lower end of the sleeve there is an elastic element narrowing the diameter of its axial channel, while a tube with a funnel is installed in the seat of the ball valve of the sub. 2. The deep hydraulic jack according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic element, narrowing the diameter of the axial channel of the sleeve, is made in the form of a thin-walled tube with elastic petals eccentrically curved inward at the end, cut at an angle.