RU66063U1 - STATIONARY HYDROPHYSICAL MEASURING COMPLEX - Google Patents

Abstract

For carrying out long-term field studies, the proposed utility model “Stationary Hydrophysical Measuring Complex” (SGIK) is intended. The essence of the PM "SGIK" is as follows. Up to 8 autonomous seismic-acoustic hydrophysical stations (ASAGS) are used as measuring modules in the composition of the SGIK. Amendments have been made to the ASAGS used, namely, a signal cable has been introduced into the ASAGS using a gas connector, i.e. Autonomous station goes into the category of cable station, which is conditionally called cable seismic-acoustic station (KSAGS). To control, retrieve information and supply power to the KSAGS, the bottom control cable station (DUKS) is used. The inpatient facility (onshore complex) and DUKS are connected by means of a trunk cable, DUKS and KSAGS are connected by means of signal cables. KSAGS is designed to measure and record in the bottom layer and at some fixed depths (the actual maximum depth is determined by the smallest working depth of the hydrophysical and environmental sensors used) of hydrophysical information to digital storage devices and transmitting continuous information to the hospital. The installation of KSAGS to the bottom is provided by free diving using ballast on a hard-bonding system and ascent to the surface due to the positive buoyancy of the strong cable support body with hydromechanical hydrophysical station (CSAGS) in the separation of ballast and positive buoyancy GIM. KSAGS consists of a hardware module (AM), a seven-element GIM garland, a ballast release system, a hydroacoustic command system, a registration system, preliminary processing and accumulation of hydrophysical information, a system for continuous transmission of information by cable, and various hydrophysical sensors.

Description

The technical solution relates to the constructive implementation of hydrophysical research tools and can be used, for example, in the implementation of environmental monitoring systems, as well as systems for collecting standard hydrophysical information.

When conducting environmental monitoring, various means of hydrophysical observation are widely used, including autonomous hydrophysical stations.

The basic principles for constructing autonomous stations oriented to work at certain fixed depths are presented in the utility model Malashenko A.E., Derevnin V.A., Perunov V.V., Filimonov V.I., Rozhkov BC, Autonomous seismic-acoustic hydrophysical station, MPK G01V 1/38, 2006. " Autonomous seismic-acoustic hydrophysical station (ASAGS) is designed to measure and record in the near-bottom layer and at some fixed depths in an autonomous mode (the real maximum depth is determined by the smallest working depth of the used hydrophysical and environmental sensors) of hydrophysical information on digital storage devices. ASAGS includes a hardware module (AM) and hydrophysical measuring modules (GIM), which are installed vertically at certain fixed depths. The composition of the GIM may include sensors of pressure, temperature, electrical conductivity, etc. AM includes seismic sensors, a low-frequency hydrophone, hydrophysical sensors, filters, amplifiers, ADCs, communication adapters, switches, controllers, a power supply and other life support systems.

Autonomous seismic-acoustic hydrophysical station (ASAGS), which includes AM and several geophysical geotechnical modules, adopted as a prototype, is equipped with a three-component seismic sensor, low-frequency hydrophone, temperature, pressure, electrical sensors

conductivity, pH, Eh, dissolved oxygen, a multi-channel digital system for recording and accumulating information, a device for controlling operating modes.

When conducting short-term areal synchronous hydrophysical studies in certain marine areas, it is sufficient to use several ASAGS (for example, for environmental monitoring of the offshore oil production or oil exploration area).

When conducting long-term (for example, environmental monitoring of the offshore oil production area) areal hydrophysical studies, the duration of continuous studies is determined by the power supply of ASAGS, which to some extent limits the use of ASAGS.

For carrying out long-term field studies, the proposed utility model “Stationary Hydrophysical Measuring Complex” (SGIK) is intended. Here, as a prototype of the PM “SGIK”, the PM “ASAGS” was adopted.

The essence of the PM "SGIK" is as follows. The composition of the PM "SGIK" as measuring modules used up to 8 ASAGS. Amendments have been made to the ASAGS used, namely, a signal cable has been introduced into the ASAGS using a gas connector, i.e. autonomous station goes into the category of cable stations. Therefore, this station is conventionally called a cable seismic-acoustic station (KSAGS). When working with several CSAGS, the bottom control cable station (DUKS) is used to control, retrieve information and supply power.

The inpatient facility (onshore complex) and DUKS are connected by means of a trunk cable, DUKS and KSAGS - by means of signal cables.

KSAGS is designed to measure and record in the bottom layer and at some fixed depths of hydrophysical information and the subsequent continuous transmission of information to the hospital

Recommended working depth for SGIK up to 300 m. Installation of KSAGS on the bottom is provided by free immersion using ballast on a hard-bonding system. Surfacing to the surface is due to the positive buoyancy of the strong bearing body of the cable seismic-acoustic hydrophysical station (KSAGS) during separation of ballast and positive buoyancy of the GIM.

KSAGS consists of a hardware module (AM), a seven-element GIM garland, a ballast release system, a hydroacoustic command system, a registration system, preprocessing and continuous transmission of information by cable to a hospital.

The hardware module of the cable seismic-acoustic hydrophysical station (KSAGS), is (Fig. 1): the equipment carrier (ON) 1, consisting of two spherical hemispheres tightened by bolts 18 on the flanges 17, to ensure tightness on special grooves cut in a circle, two sealing rubber rings 16. Inside ON 1 installed; on the upper hemisphere, the orientation system block 5, the on-board computing unit (BVU) 2 installed using the instrument ring 19; on the lower hemisphere, a power source 3, a tightness sensor 20, a three-component seismic sensor 4 and a disconnector 6 (the executive part is brought out to a special platform of the lower hemisphere). Outside, on the upper hemisphere, on the platform, a pressure connector 9 for inputting a signal cable, a pressure connector 12 for inputting a GIM, a low-frequency hydrophone 10, a high-frequency receiver 11 (transceiver hydroacoustic sensor) designed for hydroacoustic communication, a pressure sensor (DD) 14 determining the current depth are installed station immersion, temperature sensor 21, flashing beacon (PM) 13, antenna 15 of the subscriber terminal of the Gonets satellite communication system with the GLONASS space navigation system (SSSN). A tripod 7, made of metal pipes, is rigidly tightened with the help of the actuator part of the disconnector 6 and the bolt of the disconnector 6-1, which is tightened with a nut 6-2, onto the sole for the lower hemisphere

the ballast shoes 8 are attached to the tripod. At the same time, part of the tripod 7-1 returns with the station, and 7-2 with the ballast shoes 8 remains at the bottom.

Indications from the compass device of orientation unit 5 are recorded on the local memory and, upon command, can be transferred to the hydroacoustic communication unit in the on-board computing unit 2 or by cable to the hospital.

Power supply 3 is assembled from lithium batteries. The power source recharges daily for 2 hours with electricity supplied by cable from the hospital. The power source is installed so that the center of gravity of the assembled station is located on the lower hemisphere to ensure the stability of the station on the sea surface.

The tightness sensor 20 represents two contacts that, when interacting with seawater, close the circuit. The tightness sensor is located at the lower point of the lower hemisphere, thus providing control of the tightness of the station (when a leak is detected, the circuit closes, thereby giving the command to the control unit for the actuator of the circuit breaker).

The actuator of the electromagnetic type 6 breaker, when a current pulse is applied to the electromagnet winding, pulls the core into the glass, while the core releases the hook shank 6-3 and the latter rotates around its axis under the action of tensile force, releasing the earring 6-4. The screw 6-5 and nut 6-2 are designed to select the play between the pop-up part of the tripod 7-1 and the part 7-2 remaining at the bottom, which contributes to better transmission of seismic vibrations from the ground to the seismic sensors.

To measure hydrophysical and environmental parameters, a system is used (Fig. 2), representing a "garland" consisting of seven sections. The section is a GIM and a piece of measuring cable 22. The GIM is a hardware module 22-9 in the form of a robust cylindrical body, on flat surfaces, which have eight pressure connectors for connecting sensors 22-1 and two

cable gland 22-2 for input of signal cables 22-3 (4 for sensors and 1 for cable on each surface), cable 22-3 is fixed with a clamp 22-8 to the fence 22-7, to exclude the possibility of breaking the signal cable 22-3 two safety halyards 22-5 are laid, safety halyards and a signal cable are fixed to each other using clamps 22-6 and with the hardware module 22-9 a special clamp 22-4. To give a separate section of positive buoyancy of the order of 2 kg, the hardware module 22-9 is encircled by a float 22-10. The upper (last) hardware module 22-9 is connected by means of safety halyards 22-5 with a float 23. The distance between individual GMMs can be adjusted in the direction of reduction, shortening the length of safety halyards using clamps 22-6. In the proposed utility model, the GIM is used as a local information collection center. The pressure and temperature sensors are fixed in pairs and are fixed at certain distances from the GMM 22 on the signal cable 22-3 using clamps. There can be four such pair sensors (according to the number of pressure connectors 22-1). It is planned to install four environmental sensors (Ph, oxygen, phenol, redox) and two paired sensors (pressure-temperature) on the upper (last) hardware module. GIM is connected to the KSAGS through the pressure lead 12. The signal cable 9-1 (Fig. 1) is attached to the returned frame 7-1 using a special bracket 9-2. With the help of this bracket, a safety rope 9-5 is also attached. the signal cable 9-1 has a length corresponding to 1.5-2 times the depth of the place where the station is being set up. One end of the cable 9-1 is brought into the KSAGS using the cable entry 9, and the other end of the cable 9-1 is brought into the DUKS case (figure 5).

Shaper array (FM) KSAGS, which is part of the on-board computing unit (STB) 2 KSAGS, is intended primarily for generating a file for subsequent transmission of hydrophysical information via cable to the hospital. Data from the seismic sensor 4 (components X, Y, Z) in the frequency band of 0.5-10 Hz and from the hydrophone 10 in the frequency ranges of 0.5-10 Hz, 10-200 Hz, 200-4000 Hz (figure 3)

amplified by amplifier 25, rectified by detector 26 and smoothed by a low-pass filter 27, then digitized using ADC 28 (6-channel 12-bit ADC) and then fed to data shaper 29. 12-bit digital data is sent to data shaper 29 from temperature sensors 21 and pressure 14. Similarly, data from hydrophysical digital sensors (up to 8 sensors) are fed from each GIM 22 to the corresponding formers 29. In the shaper 29, an implementation is created with a length of 128 bytes, which contains information about the numbers of the GMM (from 1 to 7, for data from ON 1, the number 0 is assigned). Next, the formed implementations of eight shapers 29 are fed to the input of the file shaper 30, where a file of 1024 bytes (1 K) in length is generated, the file name corresponds to the current time. And, finally, the generated file is fed through a signal cable to the array former in DUKS.

In BVU 2 KSAGS besides FM are located (Fig. 4): software device (PU) 40, actuator actuator control unit (UIM) 39, hydroacoustic communication unit (GAS) 38, satellite communication and navigation system (CCCH) unit 41.

The software device (PU) 40 KSAGS is a microcontroller that controls all the KSAGS devices according to a given program or by a command received via the sonar communication channel, or by a command received from the hospital via a cable line. By the signal from the pressure sensor 14 in the above-water position, the PU 40 turns on the flashing beacon (PM) 13, the CCCN block 41. In the underwater position, according to the signal from the pressure sensor 14, turns off the block (41) and turns on the ГАС 38 block.

According to the program, PU 40 KSAGS turns on or off the GAS 38 block, executes all commands received via cable from the hospital transmitted through PU 40 DUKS or transmitted from PU 40 DUKS (in case of emergency ascent of the DUKS), as well as via the hydroacoustic communication channel.

If a leak is detected using the tightness sensor 20, either by a command received via the hydroacoustic communication channel using the receiver 11 or from the hospital via a cable line, the KSAGS software 40 gives the UIM 39 command to turn on the actuator 6 (i.e., the ballast is reset) .

The CCCH 41 unit on the sea surface using the SRNS antenna 15 allows the providing vessel searching for the station to determine the station's location using the satellite radio navigation system.

DUKS was developed on the basis of AM ASAGS and is (Fig. 5): the equipment carrier (ON) 1, consisting of two spherical hemispheres tightened by bolts 18 on the flanges 17, to ensure tightness on special grooves cut in a circle, two rubber sealing rings are laid 16. Inside ON 1 installed: on-board computing unit (BVU) 2 installed using the instrument ring 19; on the lower hemisphere, the power source 3, the tightness sensor 20, the circuit breaker 6 (the executive part is brought out to a special area of the lower hemisphere). Outside, on the upper hemisphere, on the site, nine pressure-sensitive connectors 9 are installed for input (8 connectors) and output (1 connector) signal cables. For the lower hemisphere, a tripod 7 is mounted, made of metal pipes, rigidly tightened using the actuator part of the disconnector 6 and the bolt of the disconnector 6-1, which is tightened with a nut 6-2, ballast shoes 8 are attached to the sole of the tripod. At the same time, part of the tripod 7-1 returns with the station, and 7-2 with ballast shoes 8 remains at the bottom.

Shaper array (FM) 31 DUKS (figure 4), which is part of the on-board computing unit (BVU) 2 DUKS, is intended primarily for generating a file for subsequent transmission of hydrophysical information via cable to the hospital. Here, a file of 8 K in length from 8 CSAGS is formed, which individually have 1 K arrays. Next, the generated file is transmitted via the main cable 9-4 (Fig. 5) to the hospital.

In BVU 2 DUKS are located: software device (PU) 40 DUKS, control unit for the actuator of the circuit breaker (UIM) 39 DUKS.

PU 40 DUKS through cable 9-1 are connected to PU 40 KSAGS. PU 40 DUKS broadcasts the hospital teams to the PU 40 CSAGS. During the ascent of the DUKS (emergency ascent due to leakage into ON 1 DUKS or for carrying out preventive maintenance or modernization) gives the command to return the ballast (UIM) 39 of the DUKS and at the same time gives the command PU 40 to one of the KSAGS (the KSAGS is programmed in the PU 40 of the DUKS). This facilitates the search and selection of DUKS. The PU 40 DUKS also includes the order of supply via cable to recharge the power supply (2 hours a day) to individual KSAGS.

Correction of time and synchronization of the clocks of all CSAGS is carried out, on a command from the hospital, every day at 00 hours 00 minutes 00 seconds GMT, by zeroing all the watches of the CSAGS included in the SGIK.

The signal cable 9-1 DUKS (figure 5) is attached to the return frame 7-1 using a special bracket 9-2. With the help of this bracket, a safety rope 9-5 is also attached. The lightweight combined cable 9-1 has a length corresponding to 1.5-2 times the depth of the place where the station is being set up. One end of cable 9-1 is connected to KSAGS using cable entry 9, and the other end of cable 9-1 is connected to connector 9-3, where, on the other hand, an armored combined cable 9-4 from the coastal hospital is connected. The coupling connector 9-3 is rigidly connected to the ballast anchor 8-1. The end of the safety rope 9-5 is fixed to the ballast 8-1 using the ring 9-6. This scheme was chosen in order to simplify and reduce the cost of repair and maintenance work. To carry out these works, it is enough to give a command to return ballast 8 on command from the hospital or from the side of the supplying vessel. After the command is completed, the DUKS gives the ballast 8 and floats to the surface of the sea. In the event of an emergency ascent, the DUKS is held in the area of arming with an 8-1 ballast. Armored cable selected because normal coastal cable

quickly frays due to the interaction of the breaking sea wave and sand, which leads to cable failure. This design significantly facilitates the repair and maintenance work.

In Fig.6, as an illustration, the SGIK is shown in the expanded state as part of one CSAGS and DUKS.

The work of the SGIK is as follows.

In staging work take two vessels. The first vessel is a carrier vessel of hydrophysical stations where transportation is carried out, pre-production of 8 CSAGS and DUKS. At the point of setting the DUKS, the first supporting vessel is anchored. The second vessel - the vessel of the director, in turn, picks up the next prepared XCAGS for setting and moves radially from the first vessel to the point of setting of this CACS. Thus, the second ship is installed all KSAGS. After the installation of all planned for the installation of the CSAGS (up to 8 stations), the first vessel performs the setting of the DKS.

When carrying out preventive maintenance or modernization works, the KSAGS requires one supporting vessel. KSAGS gives ballast and pops up on command from the hospital transmitted by cable or on command from the supporting vessel via the hydro-acoustic communication channel.

When carrying out maintenance work or modernization of the DUKS, two vessels are required. Since when lifting, automatically, according to a given program, one of the CSAGS pops up. One of the vessels searches for and selects the KSAGS, then carefully selects the signal cable. The second vessel selects the DUKS, then performs the necessary work with the DUKS. Staging work is carried out according to the above scheme.

Claims (1)

Stationary hydrophysical measuring complex (SGIK), comprising up to 8 cable seismic-acoustic hydrophysical stations (KSAGS), including hardware modules (AM) and hydrophysical measuring modules (GIM), characterized in that the bottom control cable station (DUKS) is used .