RU63740U1 - DEVICE FOR FORMING A POLYMERIC CAPSULE - Google Patents

Abstract

The device relates to the field of processing plastics into shaped products, in particular, to the method of production from polymer materials using extrusion in a single technological cycle of ampoule capsules filled with an incompressible fluid, for example, a liquid. It includes a polymer melt forming unit (1) which is connected to the extrusion head (8) by a polymer melt forced feed line (2). The mandrel of the extrusion head (9) is provided with a channel into which a flow of an incompressible fluid (7), for example, a liquid, is directed through a pipeline from the filling unit of the polymer shell (3). The filling unit of the polymer shell (3) contains microprocessor-based controls, including temperature control (4), pressure control (5) and flow rate control (6) of the incompressible fluid (25). The extrudable polymer shell (10) is sequentially drawn through a calibrator (11) equipped with a liquid conditioner (12) and a cooling bath (15), in which the shell polymer crystallizes due to interaction with the coolant (16). The air conditioner (12) and the cooling bath (15) are equipped with nozzles for supplying and discharging the coolant (13) and (14), as well as nozzles for supplying (17) and draining (18) coolant, respectively. The polymer shell (10) is moved to the transverse cutting mechanism by a pulling mechanism (19). Cross cutting and the formation of sealed ends (25) is carried out by means of opposed electrodes (21) and (22) moved by rods (20). A thermal knife (23) is mounted in the working edges of the mentioned electrodes, which ensures their electric heating above the melting temperature of the polymer and sealing in the polymer shell (10) of the incompressible fluid (25). The finished product is forcibly or under the influence of the Earth's gravity moves to the receiver (26). The technical result consists in expanding the functionality of the device. 6 c.p. f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

A useful model relates to the field of processing plastics into shaped products, and, in particular, to the production of polymer capsules of ampoule capsules filled with an incompressible fluid, for example, a liquid.

A device for the production of hollow profile products [1], which contains a sequentially arranged extruder with a profile head, is made with a channel for supplying air into the formed workpiece, a calibrator containing two sections and equipped with a cooling jacket, a cooling bath and a pulling mechanism. In this case, the working (internal) cavity of the first section of the said calibrator repeats the exact contour of the product profile, and the working cavity of the second section - its main overall dimensions.

A disadvantage of the known device is the limited functionality that does not allow it to be used for serial production of precision small-sized capsules filled with an incompressible fluid, for example, a liquid.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed is an extrusion device [2], which consists of a means of preparing a polymer melt, made in the form of an extruder for the preparation and supply of a polymer melt under pressure. A profile head is connected to the extruder, equipped with nozzles with at least one hollow profile section made therein, as well as a cooling unit in the form of a thermostatic bath and a calibrator. In addition, the prototype device is equipped with pulling and cutting blocks for measuring (given length) pieces of the produced polymer shell. This known device is taken as a prototype.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that this known device is not possible to use for serial production of precision small-sized capsules filled with

incompressible fluid, for example, liquid due to limited functionality.

The task to which the proposed utility model is oriented is the hardware supply of the need for mass production of low-volume (volume from 1.0 milliliter and below) polymer capsules (filled with an incompressible fluid, for example, an aqueous solution with a medicinal product or an emulsion with a flavor), highly efficient and precision extrusion method.

The expected technical result is to expand the functionality.

The claimed technical result is achieved in that in a device for forming a polymer capsule, consisting of means for preparing the polymer melt and forcing it into an extrusion head equipped with a mandrel with at least one channel for filling the polymer shell, a polymer shell filling unit interacting with the said channel, the calibrator installed behind the mandrel coaxially to it, the cooling bath and sequentially placed behind the cooling bath mechanisms for broaching and transverse cutting, bl filling to the polymer shell is adapted to supply to the polymeric shell of an incompressible fluid, wherein the transverse cutting mechanism supplemented node sealing ends filled polymeric membrane in the cutting zone.

Preferably, the end sealing assembly is in the form of a thermal knife.

Preferably, water, a water-based emulsion, or a water-based solution is used as an incompressible fluid.

It is advisable that the filling unit of the polymer shell was provided with a means for controlling the temperature of the incompressible fluid.

It matters that the polymer shell filling unit be equipped with an incompressible fluid pressure control means

Preferably, the polymer shell filling unit is provided with means for controlling the feed rate of the incompressible fluid

It is desirable that the control tool was based on a microprocessor.

The applicant has not found the set of essential features proposed by the applicant in the utility model formula that suggests that the proposal meets the eligibility criteria of the utility model “novelty”.

The applicant sees the presence of a creative component (inventive effect) in the proposed new technical solution in what he considers not obvious to the specialist, i.e. person competent in the field of extrusion of polymer materials, the solution of the utility model posed in the framework of this application. The design of the proposed device is not obvious and can satisfy a long-existing social need for combining the manufacturing and liquid filling cycles of the shells of polymer capsules, which are formed by high-performance extrusion methods from the melt of such a material.

The claimed utility model is illustrated by drawings. Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of the proposed device for forming a polymer capsule, and Figure 2 illustrates the operation of the transverse cutting mechanism with the participation of a thermal knife, while Figure 2-a shows the disconnected electrodes of the transverse cutting mechanism at the time of drawing through the liquid-filled polymer shell, figure 2-b shows the electrodes of the transverse cutting mechanism closed at the time of cutting-heat welding on a polymer shell, and figure 2-c shows a filled polymer shell with one sealed end in pos tion electrodes before transverse cutting before it is fed to the cutting-heat sealing position.

List of items

1. The block forming the molten polymer.

2. Line forced feeding of the polymer melt.

3. Block filling polymer shell.

4. Means for controlling the temperature of an incompressible fluid.

5. An incompressible fluid pressure control means.

6. Means of controlling the feed rate of an incompressible fluid.

7. Incompressible fluid flow.

8. Extrusion head.

9. Dorn extrusion head.

10. The polymer shell.

11. The calibrator.

12. Air conditioner calibrator.

13. A branch pipe of supply of the heat carrier.

14. The branch pipe of the coolant.

15. Bath cooling.

16. Coolant.

17. A branch pipe of supply of a cooling liquid in a cooling bath.

18. A branch pipe of cooling liquid from a cooling bath.

19. The pulling mechanism.

20. The stem of the transverse cutting mechanism.

21. The first electrode of the transverse cutting mechanism.

22. The second electrode of the transverse cutting mechanism.

23. Thermal knife.

24. The pressurized end face.

25. Incompressible fluid.

26. Receiver of finished products.

A device for forming a polymer capsule consists of a polymer melt forming unit 1 (FIG. 1) equipped with a polymer melt 2 feed line (FIG. 1). As the inducer of the forced supply of the polymer melt, a known technical solution in which a screw feed is used [3] can be used. The core of the polymer capsule is filled with a fluid incompressible medium by means of the filling block of the polymer shell 3 (Figure 1). Structurally, in the simplest case, said block can be made as a vessel filled with an incompressible fluid medium with a pump, for example, a hydraulic pump, equipped with means for controlling the temperature of said

environment 4 (Figure 1), like an electrically controlled thermostat disclosed in an information source [4] or a microprocessor temperature controller [5]. The filling unit of the polymer shell 3 (Figure 1) is equipped with a means of controlling the pressure of the incompressible fluid 5 placed in the vessel (Figure 1), in the particular case of implementation, which may take the form of a fluid pressure regulator of the type [6]. In addition to the above nodes, the block in question contains means for controlling the feed rate of the incompressible fluid 6 (FIG. 1), in one of the preferred embodiments implemented like a device for automatically dispensing liquid fractions [7], electrically interlocked with the pump mentioned above. It seems appropriate to note that the means for controlling the temperature of the incompressible fluid 4 (FIG. 1), the means for controlling the pressure of the incompressible fluid 5 (FIG. 1), and also the means for controlling the feed rate of the incompressible fluid can be equipped with microprocessor control similar to a system for programmed control technological equipment disclosed in [8]. The flow of incompressible fluid 7 (Figure 1) from the filling unit of the polymer shell 3 (Figure 1) interacts with the inlet of the hole in the extrusion head 8 (Figure 1), placed coaxially to the mandrel 9 (Figure 1). Immediately after the mandrel 9 (Fig. 1), which provides the initial shaping of the polymer shell 10 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) from the polymer melt, the calibrator 11 (Fig. 1) is positioned. The structural unit of the inventive installation "calibrator" 11 (Figure 1), as it clearly follows from its name, provides precision adjustment of the external dimensions of the polymer shell 10 (Figure 1 m Figure 2) to the size specified at the design stage. In addition, the calibrator 11 (Fig. 1) contains in its form a “shirt” (i.e., a hollow sealed structure covering the calibrator 11 (Fig. 1)) air conditioner 12 (Fig. 1), into the internal volume of which a supply pipe 13 (Fig. 1) is supplied, and a coolant, for example, coolant (cutting fluid) or process water, is discharged through a branch pipe 14 (Figure 1) [9]. Due to the presence in the calibrator 11 (Fig. 1) of the air conditioner 12 (Fig. 1), a significant controlled decrease in the temperature of the material of the polymer shell 10 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2-a and Fig. 2-c) occurs, which guarantees

saving the last calibrated size. The final crystallization of the material of the polymer shell 10 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) is carried out in a cooling bath 15 (FIG. 1) filled with coolant 16 (FIG. 1) and provided with a supply pipe 10 (FIG. 1) and a discharge pipe 18 ( Figure 1) coolant, respectively. With the cooling bath 15 (Fig. 1), a pulling mechanism 19 (Fig. 1 and Fig. 2-a) is sequentially mounted, which, when applying (in the particular case of execution) the principle of the friction drive, can be structurally made, for example, in the form of clockwise and, accordingly, counterclockwise, an even number of profiled wheelsets with electric or pneumatic drives are placed opposite.

Behind the pulling mechanism 19 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2-a) there is a transverse cutting mechanism. The transverse cutting mechanism includes the first 21 (Figure 1 and Figure 2) and second 22 (Figure 1 and Figure 2) electrodes, respectively. These electrodes can be in the form of T-shaped strips mirrored between themselves, equipped with an individual drive (not shown), with an integrated thermal knife 23 (Figure 1 and Figure 2). As the working body of the thermojet 23 (Figure 1 and Figure 2), thermo-knife designs known from the prior art [10 and 11] can be used. As a result of interaction with the thermal knife 23 (Figure 1 and Figure 2) of the polymer shell 10 (Figure 1, Figure 2-a and Figure 2-c), the sealed ends 24 (Figure 2) of the polymer capsule are formed. Behind the transverse cutting mechanism in the proposed device is placed the receiver of the finished product 26 (Figure 1), which can be made in the form of a box or a hopper equipped with a vibratory conveyor.

A device for forming a polymer capsule works as follows.

Example.

As the material of the polymer shell 10 (FIG. 1, FIG. 2-a and FIG. 2-c), high-pressure polyethylene (hereinafter, LDPE) with a density of 0.918 g / cm ³ and a yield index of 2 g / min, which is placed into the feed hopper in the forming unit

polymer melt 1 (Figure 1). From this block under the action of the screw (with a blade diameter of 55 mm, a length of 1027 mm and a rotation speed of 75 rpm) with a compression ratio of 3.8 along the line of forced feeding of the polymer melt 2 (Figure 1), the LDPE enters the extrusion head 8 ( Figure 1), heated to a temperature of 138 ° C. At the same time, from the filling unit of the polymer shell 3 (FIG. 1), a stream of incompressible fluid 7 (FIG. 1) enters the channel of the mandrel of the extrusion head 9 (FIG. 1), which uses water. The temperature control means of the incompressible fluid 4 (Figure 1) sets the water temperature to about 95 ° C, the pressure control means of the incompressible fluid 5 (Figure 1) sets the water pressure in the channel for filling the polymer shell 10 (Figure 1, Figure 2 -a and FIG. 2-c) about two atmospheres, and by means of controlling the feed rate of the incompressible fluid 6 (FIG. 1), water is supplied to the said channel at a rate of 14 l / min. The Intel Celeron M processor based on the Dotham-1024 technological process (topological size 0.09 μm) with f _cycle = 1.5 GHz is used as the control processor.

The extruded LDPE emerging from the profile head acquires (as a blank) the required profile (in this case, it is a profile of a cylinder with a diameter of 2.2 mm with a wall thickness of polymer shell 10 (FIG. 1, FIG. 2-a and FIG. 2-c) of about 20 μm). Next, the workpiece is fed into the calibrator 11 (Figure 1). Under the influence of excessive pressure of an incompressible fluid 25 (Figure 1 and Figure 2), in particular water, from the inside to the surface of the polymer shell 10 (Figure 1, Figure 2-a and Figure 2-c), its external the surface during movement through the calibrator 11 (Figure 1) is tightly pressed against the precision (surface cleanliness and predetermined size) inner surface of the latter. Thus, when calibrating a water-filled polymer shell, in addition to actually calibrating the outer diameter of the LDPE preform, there is a decrease in the temperature of the shell material with a given cooling rate. A controlled lowering of the temperature of the polymer shell 10 (FIG. 1, FIG. 2-a and FIG. 2-c) in the calibrator 11 (FIG. 1) is ensured by controlling the flow rate and temperature of the coolant supplied and discharged by means of pipes 13 and 14 (FIG. .1) in the air conditioner of the calibrator 12 (Figure 1). Final crystallization

LDPE of the formed polymer structure occurs in the coolant 16 (Fig. 1) in the cooling bath 15 (Fig. 1), into which, through the nozzles of the supply 17 (Fig. 1) and outlet 18 (Fig. 1), it is supplied as a coolant 16 ( Figure 1) industrial water with an initial temperature of about 8 ° C.

From the cooling bath 15 (FIG. 1) filled with an incompressible fluid (water) 25 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), the polymer shell 10 (FIG. 1) due to frictional interaction with the drive rollers of the pulling mechanism 19 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2-a) enters the table of the transverse cutting mechanism, equipped with a first 20 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) and a second 21 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) electrodes equipped with a thermal knife 23 (FIG. 1 and FIG. 2), which is made in the form of nichrome inserts. The first electrode of the transverse cutting mechanism 21 (FIG. 2-a) and the second electrode of the transverse cutting 22 (FIG. 2-a) in the initial state are placed opposite so that the polymer shell 10 (FIG. 2-a) is located between them. These electrodes are held in this position by the rods of the transverse cutting mechanism 20 (Figure 2-a) and are heated to a temperature of about 210 ° C due to the passage of current through the nichrome inserts of the thermal knife 23 (Figure 2-a).

At the moment when the end of the polymer shell 10 (FIG. 2-a) with the speed V is moved to a predetermined distance (in this example, this value is 4 mm), by bringing the rods 20 closer (FIG. 2-b), the first 21 ( Fig.2-b) and the second 22 (Fig.2-b) heated electrodes of the transverse cutting mechanism are connected with a force of 2F (about 4 Kg) on the polymer shell 10 (Fig.2-b). As a result of this, thermal cutting of the aforementioned shell occurs (in fact, shock heating and mechanical extrusion of the shell outside the contact zone) with the simultaneous formation of two sealed ends 24 (Figure 2) due to adhesion of LDPE in the compression zone. After a time of 0.3 seconds of holding, contacting the first 21 (Fig.2-c) and second 22 (Fig.2-c) electrodes of the transverse cutting mechanism with a speed V are bred by rods 20 (Fig.2-c), cut off sealed cylindrical polymer shell 10 (Fig.2-b) (in fact, a finished capsule) filled with water 25 (Fig.2-b) under the action of gravity falls into the receiver of the finished product 26 (Fig.1), and the proposed device in the transverse cutting mechanism

again brought to its original state, as shown in Fig.2-a. Further, the processes of cutting-heat sealing are cyclically repeated.

Thus, the introduction of the sealing unit of the ends of the polymer shell filled with an incompressible fluid in the cutting zone of the latter (for example, using a thermal knife), as well as the execution of the polymer shell filling unit with the possibility of supplying an incompressible fluid (for example, an aqueous solution of the drug or emulsions of aromatic oil) allow you to expand the functionality and ensure the achievement of the claimed technical result.

A detailed example of the inventive device provided within the application’s primary materials, in which one of the variants of its industrial embodiment and practical application for the mass production of small polymer capsules filled with an incompressible fluid, such as a liquid, is disclosed, in the Applicant’s opinion, gives a positive answer to the question about compliance of the Applicant's proposal with the eligibility criterion of the utility model “industrial applicability”.

INFORMATION SOURCES

1. USSR author's certificate No. 806446, cl. B 29 D 23/04, publ. 08/23/1983, Bull. Number 7.

2. RF patent No. 2243094, cl. B 29 C 44/22, publ. December 27, 2004 (prototype)

3. RF patent No. 2286493, cl. F 16 H 1/22, publ. 10/27/2006, Bull. No. 30.

4. RF patent №2251623, cl. F 01 P 7/16, publ. 05/10/2005

5. RF patent No. 2112224, cl. G 01 K 7/16, publ. 05/27/1998

6. Application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 93050544, class. G 05 D 16/06, publ. 03/20/1996

7. RF patent №2256883, cl. G 01 F 11/00, publ. July 20, 2005

8. RF patent №200117017, class. G 05 B 19/042, publ. 06/27/2002

9. Application for the invention of the Russian Federation No. 2002106879, class. F 24 D 9/02, publ. 09/10/2002

10. RF patent №2164886, cl. 65 V 9/00, publ. 04/10/2001

11. RF patent No. 2170195, cl. 65 V 11/08, publ. 07/10/2001

Claims (7)

1. A device for forming a polymer capsule, consisting of means for preparing the polymer melt and forcing it into an extrusion head equipped with a mandrel with at least one channel for filling the polymer shell, a polymer shell filling unit interacting with the said channel, a calibrator installed behind the mandrel coaxially with it, the cooling bath and the pulling and transverse cutting mechanisms sequentially placed behind the cooling bath, characterized in that the polymer shell filling unit arranged to feed into the polymeric shell of an incompressible fluid, wherein the transverse cutting mechanism supplemented node sealing ends filled polymeric membrane in the cutting zone. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end sealing assembly is made in the form of a thermal knife. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that water, an emulsion based on water, or a solution based on water are used as an incompressible fluid. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer shell filling unit is provided with means for controlling the temperature of an incompressible fluid. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer shell filling unit is provided with means for controlling the pressure of an incompressible fluid. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer shell filling unit is provided with means for controlling the feed rate of an incompressible fluid. 7. The device according to claims 4-6, characterized in that the control means is based on a microprocessor.