RU2558968C1 - Extruder for polycomponent products production - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to equipment for manufacture of extruded food products from vegetal raw material in processing industry. The extruder includes a body, an auger with a drive and a matrix. The auger is conic-shaped and has decreasing coil pitch. Made in the body is a ring hole with heat medium supplied therein through the lower nipple, to be discharged through the upper one. Connected to the matrix are two product conduits, one of them connected to the central pipe ensuring supplies of filling immediately into the ready product centre. The central pipe has a conic part intended to be smoothly flown over by a melted product. The second product conduit contains four nipples positioned at an angle of 90° and is connected to a ring-shaped cavity the outer part whereof has a ring-shaped conic part to ensure filling introduction between the minor and the major ring layers of extrudate.

EFFECT: invention implementation allows to enhance the ready product quality.

4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to equipment for the production of extruded food products from plant materials in the processing industry.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is a screw extruder for the production of products with filling [US Pat. No. 2277363 RF, IPC A23P 1/12, A21C 9/06, B29C 47/78. Screw extruder for the production of products with filling / Ostrikov A.N., Abramov O.V., Sokolov I.Yu. - 2005101155/13; Announced on 1/19/2005; Publ. 06/10/2006, bull. No. 16], including a steamer, under which there are openings in the extruder body for supplying steam to the working chamber, made at an angle to its axis, with different diameters. The product pipeline is a device for feeding the filling and at the same time creating an air gap between it and the product shell, consisting of two concentric cylindrical tubes, each of which in turn is divided into two parts located at an angle of 90 0 to each other, interconnected by a threaded connection, and one of them is in the upper part of the forming head, and the other along its axis. In this case, between the tubes located on the axis of the forming head from the front side, and in the forming channel inserted rings that impede the radial movement of the tubes.

A disadvantage of the known extruder design is the possibility of obtaining a product with only one type of filling, which reduces the output of the range of finished products.

An object of the invention is to improve the quality of the resulting finished product, expanding the range of products, reducing the time for processing the feedstock, the possibility of introducing into the finished product two different fillings, and also eliminating the possibility of forming a "dead zone" of the product in the matrix.

The object of the invention is achieved by the fact that in the extruder for the production of multicomponent products, including a housing, a screw with a drive, a matrix, it is new that the screw is made cone-shaped with a decreasing step of the coil, an annular hole is made in the housing, into which a coolant is supplied through the lower pipe , and through the top - it is diverted, two product pipelines are connected to the matrix, one of which is connected to the central tube, which provides the filling directly to the center of the finished product , the central tube has a cone-shaped part designed to ensure its smooth flow around the molten product, and the second product pipeline containing four nozzles located at an angle of 90 ° is connected to the annular cavity, the outer part of which has an annular conical part and which allows the filling to be inserted between the smaller and large annular layers of extrudate.

The technical result of the invention is to improve the quality of the resulting finished product by introducing into the extrudate various fillings, eliminating the formation of a "dead zone" of the product in the matrix, and expanding the range of products.

In FIG. 1 shows the working chamber of the extruder, FIG. 2 is a cross section of the matrix, FIG. 3 - extruder die, FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a finished product with two types of filling.

The extruder for the production of multicomponent products consists of a working chamber of the extruder with a loading pipe 1, a housing 2, a matrix 3, a screw 4 (Fig. 1).

In the housing 2 there is an annular hole 5, into which coolant is supplied through the pipe 6, and through the pipe 7 it is discharged. The annular hole 5 is designed to maintain the required temperature range for the proper operation of the extruder.

In the matrix 3 there are two product pipelines 8 and 9 (Fig. 2). Product line 8 feeds the first filling into the central tube 10, which ensures its location directly in the center of the finished product bundle. Product pipeline 9 feeds the second filling into the annular cavity 11, as a result, the filling is distributed between the smaller and larger annular layers of the extrudate (Fig. 3). For uniform distribution of the product in the annular cavity, four nozzles 14 are used, located at an angle of 90 °. The Central tube 10 has a cone-shaped portion 13, designed to ensure its smooth flow around the molten product and to prevent the formation of stagnant zones. On the annular cavity 11 also has a cone-shaped edging 12, designed to smoothly redistribute the movement of the flow of the extrudate.

The extruder for the production of multicomponent products works as follows.

Using the drive (not shown in Fig.), The screw 4 is rotated. The initial product through the loading pipe 1 enters the loading zone of the screw channel of the screw 4 and is moved by the friction force between the product, the walls of the working chamber 2 and the screw channel of the screw 4. With further advancement, the product is compacted in the compression zone due to the decreasing free volume limited by the walls of the housing 2 and the surface of the screws 4. As a result, under the action of deformation shear forces and friction forces the surface of the working bodies and the body of the product is heated.

Then the product enters the homogenization zone, where it finally passes from the solid phase to the viscoplastic. Melting occurs on this site due to the conversion of the mechanical energy of the screw 4 into thermal energy, as well as due to internal friction directly in the product itself when the extruder is in autogenous mode. Here, the melt pressure is equalized and the final melting of the particles included in it takes place.

Simultaneously with the supply of feedstock, one type of filling begins to be fed through the product pipeline 8 into the central tube 10, as a result of which the filling is located in the central part of the extrudable product, at the same time, a second type of filling is fed into the annular cavity 11 through the pipe 9.

Then the product enters the matrix zone, its redistribution along the length of the matrix 3 begins due to the cone-shaped part 13 and the cone-shaped edging 12, as a result of this the product flows around the tube 10 and the annular cavity 11. Thus, a product with two different types of fillings is formed at the output (Fig. . four). Short-term presence of fillings in the zone of elevated temperatures allows you to save thermolabile substances, which increases the quality of the finished product.

After the extruder has worked for several minutes, the temperature regime of the extruder body is regulated. If an elevated temperature is observed and product is burnt, then coolant is supplied to the annular hole 5 through the pipe 6, and it is discharged through the pipe 7. If the product is not sufficiently boiled, then hot coolant is supplied to the annular hole 5.

Thus, the use of the invention allows:

- improve the quality of the finished product;

- to provide the necessary depth of physico-chemical transformations of the components of the processed product by regulating the heat supply in the annular hole;

- increase the technological capabilities of the extruder for the production of multicomponent products;

- increase the range of products of various multicomponent composition.

Claims (1)

An extruder for the production of multicomponent products, comprising a housing, an auger with a drive, a matrix, characterized in that the auger is cone-shaped with a decreasing step of the coil, an annular hole is made in the casing, into which the coolant is supplied through the lower pipe, and is discharged through the upper pipe, and two product pipelines are connected to the matrix, one of which is connected to the central tube, which provides the filling directly to the center of the finished product, the central tube has a cone-shaped part, designed to ensuring its smooth flow around the molten product, and the second product pipeline containing four nozzles located at an angle of 90 ° is connected to an annular cavity, the outer part of which has an annular conical part to allow the filling to enter between the smaller and larger annular layers of the extrudate.

Images